CN107737411A - A kind of how wedge-shaped mixing material degrader of varied angle - Google Patents

A kind of how wedge-shaped mixing material degrader of varied angle Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107737411A
CN107737411A CN201710954696.5A CN201710954696A CN107737411A CN 107737411 A CN107737411 A CN 107737411A CN 201710954696 A CN201710954696 A CN 201710954696A CN 107737411 A CN107737411 A CN 107737411A
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wedge
degrader
angle
mixing material
energy
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CN107737411B (en
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秦斌
梁志开
刘开锋
杨军
刘旭
陈炜
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Huazhong University of Science and Technology
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Huazhong University of Science and Technology
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
    • A61N5/10—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy
    • A61N5/1077—Beam delivery systems
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
    • A61N5/10—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy
    • A61N5/1048—Monitoring, verifying, controlling systems and methods
    • A61N5/1064—Monitoring, verifying, controlling systems and methods for adjusting radiation treatment in response to monitoring
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
    • A61N5/10—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy
    • A61N2005/1092—Details
    • A61N2005/1095—Elements inserted into the radiation path within the system, e.g. filters or wedges

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Radiology & Medical Imaging (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Particle Accelerators (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of how wedge-shaped mixing material degrader of varied angle, including：The object block of a pair of symmetrical more wedge structures of varied angle, wedge structure tip angle is smaller, and angle at the end is larger, and degrader material is graphite and boron carbide mixing material, and one-to-many wedge is symmetrically placed, possesses two sets of independent motor-driven mechanisms respectively.Degrader wedge shaped tip low-angle ensure that the broader adjustable range of high-energy section, and end wide-angle ensure that bigger motion transmission ratio, realize faster governing speed.Degrader uses graphite and boron carbide mixing material, greatly improves the efficiency of beam transfer again while certain processability is ensured.Two wedge symmetric motions simultaneously, realize the thickness consecutive variations for stopping line, realize that beam energy continuously adjusts.The present invention has the characteristics of continuous, quick regulation energy, adjusts energy range wide, while certain machining property is ensured, realizes the lifting of current transmission fraction, ensure that good therapeutical uses quality of beam.

Description

A kind of how wedge-shaped mixing material degrader of varied angle
Technical field
The invention belongs to particle accelerator technical field, is dropped more particularly, to a kind of how wedge-shaped mixing material of varied angle Can device.
Background technology
In particle tumor radiotherapy field, cyclotron is drawn particle beams beam energy and fixed, and actual therapeutic needs not Co-energy particle is to treat different depth tumour.In order to change beam energy, generally use degrader device realizes energy adjustment. The reduction of energy is realized by the interaction (ionization energy loss) of line and degrader material, but is dissipated except ionization process also has Process is penetrated, this can cause beam emittance substantially to increase.Therefore, beam-based device must also is used for suppressing to send out after degrader Degree of penetrating, this can cause beam loss, so that current transmission fraction declines.
At present, energy degrader can so reduce proton beam typically using the material that atomic number is relatively low, density is higher With the scattering process between degrader material.Atomic number is lower, and density is higher, then scattering process is smaller, and emittance, which increases, gets over Small, current transmission fraction is higher.Boron carbide average atom is low, and density is high, but hardness is very high (Mohs' hardness 9.3), processing Poor performance, it is difficult to be processed into the structure of more wedge shapes.Therefore, degrader material typically uses graphite at present, but due to atomic number Number is higher, and current transmission fraction is relatively low.Therefore, it is necessary to which higher accelerator educt beaming flow stream is strong, this make it that accelerator manufacture is difficult Degree becomes big.
Traditional degrader typically has square superposing type and the more wedge-shaped two kinds of structures of fixed angle.What square superposing type used It is the different drop energy material square of one group of long degree, line can obtain different energy by the square of different length, so as to real The regulation of existing energy.This degrader is simple in construction, handling ease, and because centre does not have vacuum gap, its emittance increases Length is smaller, and efficiency of transmission is higher.However, this degrader can not realize continuously adjusting for energy, line cannot be introduced into body and swell The optional position of knurl, and volume and quality are larger, response is slower, for the treatment system for needing quick regulation control difficulty compared with It is high.On the one hand the more wedge structure degraders of traditional fixed angle can quick regulation beam energy, shortcoming be continuously vacuum be present Gap, emittance growth is larger, and current transmission fraction is relatively low, on the other hand due to the presence of beam dimensions, in order to even Beam energy is saved, the degrader of the structure has initial regulation energy, this causes the degrader there is initial overlapped thickness Line adjustable range narrows.
The content of the invention
The defects of for prior art, the invention provides a kind of how wedge-shaped mixing material degrader of varied angle, its purpose It is to utilize a pair of more wedge structures of symmetrically placed varied angle, by changing the angle of key groove, is ensureing higher motion biography It is dynamic than while, the maximum beam energy that degrader can be adjusted is improved, so that degrader adjusts energy range wider.
The invention provides a kind of how wedge-shaped mixing material degrader of varied angle, including：First wedge and the second wedge shape Block；First wedge and the second wedge are symmetrically placed along beam axis, ensure the axis of symmetry and beam axis phase in motion Overlap；First wedge and the second wedge are the more wedge structures of varied angle, chisel teeth tip angle θ1It is smaller, angle at the end θ2It is larger.
Further, the chisel teeth number in the first wedge and the second wedge is 1.5-4.5；Containing half of chisel teeth Structure to be perpendicular to degrader side when line enters and leaves.In the embodiment of the present invention, in order that line is vertical Ground enters and leaves degrader, it is therefore desirable to the structure of half chisel teeth, so chisel teeth quantity n is not integer.Larger wedge Shape number of teeth amount can increase initial resistance thickness, so that highest regulation energy declines, adjust energy range to narrow；Less chisel teeth Quantity can be to make motion transmission than declining again, so that governing speed declines.Unilateral chisel teeth quantity n adjusts energy range to degrader Highest regulation energy and motion transmission ratio significantly affect.
Further, tip angle θ1For 10 °~20 °, angle at the end θ2For 25 °~35 °.Sophisticated low-angle ensure that The broader adjustable range of high-energy section, end wide-angle ensure that bigger motion transmission ratio, so as to realize faster governing speed.
Further, the position of chisel teeth angle change is the vertical line of sophisticated low-angle in the more wedge structures of varied angle The width of axis direction is just identical with line initial cross-section size.
Further, the material of the first wedge and the second wedge is the mixing material of graphite and boron carbide.
Further, the ratio of boron carbide is more than 50% in mixing material.In the embodiment of the present invention, mixed proportion should Determined by processing characteristics, boron carbide proportion is higher, and current transmission fraction is higher, but processing characteristics is poorer.Therefore, Ying Gen According to processing conditions, accounting of the boron carbide in the mixing material is improved as far as possible.
Further, in addition to：First motor, the first propulsive mechanism, the second motor and the second pusher Structure；First motor is connected with the first propulsive mechanism, and first propulsive mechanism is connected with first wedge；Second drives Dynamic motor is connected with the second propulsive mechanism, and the second propulsive mechanism is connected with the second wedge；First motor is used to drive institute The motion of the first propulsive mechanism is stated, while drives the first wedge to be transported between initial position and maximum range according to first direction It is dynamic；Second motor is used to drive second propulsive mechanism to move, while the second wedge of drive is in initial position and most Moved between wide range according to second direction；First direction is opposite with the second direction；And first wedge movement velocity It is identical with the movement velocity of the second wedge so that the symmetry axis of the first wedge and the second wedge is mutually overlapping with beam axis Close.
By the contemplated above technical scheme of the present invention, compared with prior art, due to symmetrically placed using a pair The degrader of the more wedge structures of varied angle, by changing the angle of key groove, while higher motion gearratio is ensured, improve The maximum beam energy that degrader can be adjusted, so that degrader adjusts energy range wider；Meanwhile mixed using boron carbide and graphite Material, it not only ensure that processability but also improved current transmission fraction.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the varied angle how wedge-shaped mixing material provided in an embodiment of the present invention for being used to change beam energy during particle radiotherapy Expect degrader apparatus structure schematic diagram, and be illustrated as the minimum original operating state of degrader overlapped thickness；
Fig. 2 is schematic diagram when line provided in an embodiment of the present invention passes through degrader overlapped thickness maximum；
Fig. 3 is chisel teeth angle provided in an embodiment of the present invention to maximal regulated energy and the influence figure of motion transmission ratio；
Fig. 4 is chisel teeth number provided in an embodiment of the present invention to maximal regulated energy and the influence figure of motion transmission ratio；
Fig. 5 is that degrader material provided in an embodiment of the present invention is boron carbide graphite mixture and boron carbide in different energy The lower efficiency of transmission of amount and graphite material degrader comparison diagram.
Embodiment
In order to make the purpose , technical scheme and advantage of the present invention be clearer, it is right below in conjunction with drawings and Examples The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, and It is not used in the restriction present invention.
The invention belongs to particle accelerator technical field, there is provided a kind of how wedge-shaped mixing material degrader of varied angle；It is A kind of device for being used to change the energy for the particle beams drawn from accelerator；The tune energy range of the device is wider, efficiency of transmission more Height, and continuous, quick regulation energy can be realized.The present invention mainly utilizes a pair of more wedge structures of symmetrically placed varied angle Degrader, by changing the angle of key groove, while higher motion gearratio is ensured, improve degrader can adjust most Big beam energy, so that degrader adjusts energy range wider.Meanwhile using boron carbide and graphite mixing material, it both ensure that and add Work improves current transmission fraction again.
The present invention relates to a kind of device that energy adjustment is provided for cyclotron extraction fixed energies line, can be used for In the particle radiotherapy facility such as proton heavy ion, apparatus of the present invention include：The more wedge structure object blocks of a pair of varied angles, wedge-shaped crown End angle is smaller, and angle at the end is larger.The position of angle change determines by line original dimension, and low-angle is along vertical beam axis The length in direction is identical with beam cross section diameter dimension, which ensure that initial position overlapped thickness is as far as possible small (initially to adjust energy It is higher), while subsequent motion gearratio is sufficiently large (governing speed is faster).Often the chisel teeth number of more wedge structures on side is 1.5-4.5, the structure containing half of chisel teeth ensure that line enters and leaves degrader and is all perpendicular to degrader side, as follows Shown in Fig. 1.Degrader uses graphite and boron carbide mixing material, on the premise of processability is ensured, improves boron carbide as far as possible Shared ratio, general boron carbide ratio can reach more than 50%.Boron carbide ratio is higher, and scattering process is smaller, and degrader passes Defeated efficiency is higher.Simultaneously because thickness needed for boron carbide drop energy is smaller, therefore the raising of boron carbide ratio can make degrader more Compact, quality is smaller, and governing speed is faster.Wedge is symmetrically placed more than two, respectively by one group of motion simultaneously with mutually synchronized Degree drives respective object block move toward one another between initial position to maximum range, so that along line axle between two wedges The overlapped thickness uniformly continuous change of line, therefore, beam energy being capable of consecutive variations.
The invention provides a kind of degrader device of the how wedge-shaped mixing material of varied angle, with existing degrader device phase Than the present invention has innovation from structure and material, and performance, which has, to be greatly optimized.By varied angle wedge shape toothing, reduce Initial overlapped thickness, so as to improve initial regulation beam energy, broadening beam energy adjustable range, while bottom wide-angle Larger motion transmission ratio is ensure that, it is achieved thereby that the requirement of quick regulation energy.Using graphite and boron carbide on material Mixing material, on the premise of processability is ensured, greatly improve current transmission fraction.
In order to make the purpose , technical scheme and advantage of the present invention be clearer, it is right below in conjunction with drawings and Examples The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, and It is not used in the restriction present invention.
Fig. 1 shows the structural representation of one embodiment of the present of invention, a kind of rapidly, continuously to adjust beam energy and protect The how wedge-shaped mixing material degrader of varied angle of the wider tune energy range of card and higher efficiency of transmission, including：First driving electricity Machine 1, the first propulsive mechanism 2, the first wedge 3, the second motor 4, the second propulsive mechanism 5, the second wedge 6.First drives The dynamic propulsive mechanism 2 of motor 1 and first connects, and is then connected with the first wedge 3；Second motor 4 and the second propulsive mechanism 5 Connection, is then connected with the second wedge 6.First, second wedge is symmetrically placed along beam axis, ensures in motion symmetrical Axis coincides with beam axis.
During work, as shown in figure 1, because line has original dimension in itself, in order to ensure that degrader can uniformly reduce beam Stream energy, therefore overlapped thickness of the wedge of degrader first, second along beam axis direction has initial value, that is to say, that drop There can be minimum reduction energy during device work, i.e. maximal regulated energy ratio line primary power is small.Degrader indexed position Vertical line axis direction length it is identical with beam cross section size, as shown in Figure 1.In embodiments of the present invention, line is initial Section particle position is distributed as Gaussian Profile, and 1 σ values of radius are 1.55mm, takes the 2 i.e. 3.1mm of σ values as beam cross section radius (2 σ scopes can include 95% particle).Start after reducing energy, first, second motor starts simultaneously, and rotating speed phase Together, first, second propulsive mechanism is driven to drive first, second wedge to be transported in opposite directions between initial position to maximum range simultaneously Dynamic, movement velocity is identical, this ensure that first, second wedge symmetry axis coincides with beam axis.Motor is continuous Rotate and cause overlapped thickness continuous and even variation of first, second wedge along beam axis direction, therefore beam energy is continuous Uniformly reduce, so as to realize that line continuously adjusts.Until beam energy is adjusted to required minimum value, first, second wedge Overlapped thickness reaches maximum, is illustrated in fig. 2 shown below.
In the embodiment of the present invention, degrader wedge uses varied angle structure, sophisticated small angle theta1So that beam cross section chi Initial overlapped thickness reduces when very little constant, ensure that the broader adjustable range of high-energy section；End wide-angle θ2It ensure that bigger Motion transmission ratio (the vertical line axis direction move distance of degrader wedge and the ratio along beam axis overlapped thickness), from And realize faster governing speed.General θ110-20 ° is taken, θ2Take 25-35 °.Sophisticated low-angle ensure that less initial overlapping Thickness, so that the broader adjustable range of high-energy section, end wide-angle ensure that bigger motion transmission ratio, so as to realize faster Governing speed.Fig. 3 shows chisel teeth number when being 2.5, and chisel teeth angle is to maximal regulated energy and motion transmission ratio Influence.Meanwhile in the embodiment of the present invention, chisel teeth number is 2.5, is realized more while higher maximal regulated energy is ensured High motion transmission ratio, so as to realize faster governing speed.Fig. 4 show chisel teeth angle be 25 ° when, chisel teeth number pair The influence of maximal regulated energy and motion transmission ratio.In addition to the innovation in structure, boron carbide is also used in the embodiment of the present invention With the material of the mixing material of graphite as degrader, on the premise of good processability is ensured, line biography is substantially increased Defeated efficiency.As shown in figure 5, using the mixing material of boron carbide accounting 56%, the more traditional degrader material stone of current transmission fraction Ink improves about 23%.
Obviously, those skilled in the art can carry out the essence of various changes and modification without departing from the present invention to the present invention God and scope.So, if belonging to the model of the claims in the present invention and its equivalent technology to these modifications and variations of the present invention Within enclosing, then the present invention is also intended to comprising including these changes and modification.

Claims (7)

  1. A kind of 1. how wedge-shaped mixing material degrader of varied angle, it is characterised in that including：First wedge (3) and the second wedge shape Block (6)；
    First wedge (3) and second wedge (6) are symmetrically placed along beam axis, ensure symmetry axis in motion Line coincides with beam axis；
    First wedge (3) and second wedge (6) are the more wedge structures of varied angle, chisel teeth tip angle θ1 It is smaller, angle at the end θ2It is larger.
  2. 2. the how wedge-shaped mixing material degrader of varied angle as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that first wedge (3) the chisel teeth number and in second wedge (6) is 1.5-4.5；Structure containing half of chisel teeth causes line to enter With degrader side is perpendicular to when leaving.
  3. 3. the how wedge-shaped mixing material degrader of varied angle as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that tip angle θ1For 10 °~20 °, angle at the end θ2For 25 °~35 °.
  4. 4. the how wedge-shaped mixing material degrader of varied angle as described in claim any one of 1-3, it is characterised in that varied angle is more In wedge structure the position of chisel teeth angle change for the vertical line axis direction of sophisticated low-angle width just with line at the beginning of Beginning sectional dimension is identical.
  5. 5. the how wedge-shaped mixing material degrader of varied angle as described in claim any one of 1-4, it is characterised in that described first The material of wedge (3) and second wedge (6) is the mixing material of graphite and boron carbide.
  6. 6. the how wedge-shaped mixing material degrader of varied angle as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that carbon in the mixing material The ratio for changing boron is more than 50%.
  7. 7. the how wedge-shaped mixing material degrader of varied angle as described in claim any one of 1-6, it is characterised in that also include： First motor (1), the first propulsive mechanism (2), the second motor (4) and the second propulsive mechanism (5)；
    First motor (1) is connected with first propulsive mechanism (2), first propulsive mechanism (2) and described the One wedge (3) connects；
    Second motor (4) is connected with second propulsive mechanism (5), second propulsive mechanism (5) and described the Two wedges (6) connect；
    First motor (1) is used to drive first propulsive mechanism (2) to move, while drives first wedge (3) moved between initial position and maximum range according to first direction；
    Second motor (4) is used to drive second propulsive mechanism (5) to move, while drives second wedge (6) moved between initial position and maximum range according to second direction；
    The first direction is opposite with the second direction；And the movement velocity of first wedge (3) and second wedge The movement velocity of shape block (6) is identical so that the symmetry axis and line of first wedge (3) and second wedge (6) Axis coincides.
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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108449859A (en) * 2018-03-08 2018-08-24 西北核技术研究所 It can device and its drop energy method for the wheel shaft type particle accelerator drop in vacuum
WO2020097800A1 (en) * 2018-11-13 2020-05-22 西安大医集团有限公司 Optical filter, radiation scanning apparatus, and radiation scanning method
WO2020103174A1 (en) * 2018-11-21 2020-05-28 合肥中科离子医学技术装备有限公司 Energy degrader control system for superconducting proton device
CN111741587A (en) * 2020-05-25 2020-10-02 中国原子能科学研究院 Online adjusting device of vacuum environment beam energy

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1331903A (en) * 1998-12-21 2002-01-16 离子束应用股份有限公司 Device for varying energy of particle beam extracted from accelerator
US20160172066A1 (en) * 2014-12-16 2016-06-16 Ion Beam Applications S.A. Energy degrader
EP3174069A1 (en) * 2015-11-27 2017-05-31 Paul Scherrer Institut Degrader comprising boron carbide

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1331903A (en) * 1998-12-21 2002-01-16 离子束应用股份有限公司 Device for varying energy of particle beam extracted from accelerator
US20160172066A1 (en) * 2014-12-16 2016-06-16 Ion Beam Applications S.A. Energy degrader
EP3174069A1 (en) * 2015-11-27 2017-05-31 Paul Scherrer Institut Degrader comprising boron carbide

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108449859A (en) * 2018-03-08 2018-08-24 西北核技术研究所 It can device and its drop energy method for the wheel shaft type particle accelerator drop in vacuum
CN108449859B (en) * 2018-03-08 2019-12-06 西北核技术研究所 energy reducing device and method for wheel axle type particle accelerator in vacuum
WO2020097800A1 (en) * 2018-11-13 2020-05-22 西安大医集团有限公司 Optical filter, radiation scanning apparatus, and radiation scanning method
WO2020103174A1 (en) * 2018-11-21 2020-05-28 合肥中科离子医学技术装备有限公司 Energy degrader control system for superconducting proton device
CN111741587A (en) * 2020-05-25 2020-10-02 中国原子能科学研究院 Online adjusting device of vacuum environment beam energy

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