CN107733817A - A kind of method, apparatus of angle-of- arrival estimation, terminal and base station - Google Patents

A kind of method, apparatus of angle-of- arrival estimation, terminal and base station Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107733817A
CN107733817A CN201610657866.9A CN201610657866A CN107733817A CN 107733817 A CN107733817 A CN 107733817A CN 201610657866 A CN201610657866 A CN 201610657866A CN 107733817 A CN107733817 A CN 107733817A
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angle
channel response
time domain
domain channel
arrival estimation
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CN107733817B (en
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吴昊
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ZTE Corp
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ZTE Corp
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/08—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L25/00—Baseband systems
    • H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
    • H04L25/0202—Channel estimation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/08—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station
    • H04B7/0837—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station using pre-detection combining
    • H04B7/0842—Weighted combining
    • H04B7/086—Weighted combining using weights depending on external parameters, e.g. direction of arrival [DOA], predetermined weights or beamforming
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L25/00—Baseband systems
    • H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L25/00—Baseband systems
    • H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
    • H04L25/0202—Channel estimation
    • H04L25/0204—Channel estimation of multiple channels
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L25/00—Baseband systems
    • H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
    • H04L25/0202—Channel estimation
    • H04L25/022—Channel estimation of frequency response

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Radio Transmission System (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of method, apparatus of angle-of- arrival estimation, terminal and base station, and methods described includes：The time domain channel response of acquisition of communication channels；According to the auto-correlation function of the time domain channel response calculating channel response；And the cost function using angle as input parameter is constructed according to the auto-correlation function, and angle parameter value corresponding to the maximum of the cost function is selected as angle-of- arrival estimation result.The method of the angle-of- arrival estimation of the present invention can estimate angle of arrival exactly in the case of multipath depositing, and reduce the evaluated error of angle of arrival, improve communications system transmission performance.

Description

A kind of method, apparatus of angle-of- arrival estimation, terminal and base station
Technical field
The present invention relates to communication technical field, the more particularly to a kind of method, apparatus of angle-of- arrival estimation, terminal and base station.
Background technology
In numerous wireless communication technologys, OFDM (OFDM, Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) it is most one of technology of application prospect.In recent years, due to Digital Signal Processing skill The rapid development of art, OFDM as a kind of high speed transmission technology with the higher availability of frequency spectrum and good anti-multipath performance, More and more extensive application has been obtained, has been applied successfully to digital audio broadcasting (Digital Audio Broadcasting, DAB), DVB (Digital Video Broadcasting, DVB), high definition television (High Definition Television, HDTV), WLAN (Wireless Local Area Network, ) and wireless MAN (Wireless Metropolitan Area Network, WMAN) WLAN.
Ofdm system uses array antenna more in antenna part, can change day by the weight coefficient for adjusting each antenna The directional diagram of line so that beam position user's arrival direction, and zero point is directed at interference signal, realize that wave beam is used from motion tracking Family, improve the gain of antenna so that the transmission of wireless signal is more effective.However, this realization for pointing to sexual function is to establish On the basis of being accurately positioned to user terminal signal arrival direction, if angle-of- arrival estimation error is too big, it is above-mentioned the advantages of just It is not present.In addition, for traditional angle-of- arrival estimation method, depositing in the case of multipath, the angle of arrival of estimation is easy to Larger error be present.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the embodiment of the present invention is to provide a kind of method, apparatus of angle-of- arrival estimation, terminal and base station, solved Traditional angle-of- arrival estimation method is being deposited in the case of multipath, and the angle of arrival of estimation is easy to the problem of larger error be present.
In order to achieve the above object, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of method of angle-of- arrival estimation, including：
The time domain channel response of acquisition of communication channels；
According to the auto-correlation function of the time domain channel response calculating channel response；And
Cost function using angle as input parameter is constructed according to the auto-correlation function, and selects the cost function Maximum corresponding to angle parameter value as angle-of- arrival estimation result.
The embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of device of angle-of- arrival estimation, including：
Acquisition module, the time domain channel response for acquisition of communication channels；
Computing module, for the auto-correlation function according to the time domain channel response calculating channel response；And
Constructing module, for constructing the cost function using angle as input parameter according to the auto-correlation function, and select Angle parameter value corresponding to the maximum of the cost function is selected as angle-of- arrival estimation result.
The embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of terminal, includes the device of above-mentioned angle-of- arrival estimation.
The embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of base station, includes the device of above-mentioned angle-of- arrival estimation.
The embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of computer-readable storage medium, and computer is stored with the computer-readable storage medium Executable one or more programs, one or more of programs make the computer perform such as when being performed by the computer A kind of method of angle-of- arrival estimation of above-mentioned offer.
A technical scheme in above-mentioned technical proposal has the following advantages that or beneficial effect：The angle-of- arrival estimation of the present invention Method, apparatus, terminal and base station, the time domain channel response of acquisition of communication channels；Calculated and believed according to the time domain channel response The auto-correlation function of road response；And the cost function using angle as input parameter is constructed according to the auto-correlation function, and select Angle parameter value corresponding to the maximum of the cost function is selected as angle-of- arrival estimation result.So, angle of arrival of the invention The method and device of estimation can estimate angle of arrival exactly in the case of multipath depositing, and reduce the evaluated error of angle of arrival, Improve communications system transmission performance.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of flow chart of the method for angle-of- arrival estimation provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of the method for another angle-of- arrival estimation provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the flow chart of the method for another angle-of- arrival estimation provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is a kind of structure chart of the device of angle-of- arrival estimation provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the structure chart of the device of another angle-of- arrival estimation provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the structure chart of the device of another angle-of- arrival estimation provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is the structure chart of the device of another angle-of- arrival estimation provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 8 is a kind of structure chart of terminal provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 9 is a kind of structure chart of base station provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
To make the technical problem to be solved in the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and tool Body embodiment is described in detail.
First embodiment
Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 1 is a kind of flow chart of the method for angle-of- arrival estimation provided in an embodiment of the present invention, it is necessary to illustrate , in the embodiment of the present invention, the method for above-mentioned angle-of- arrival estimation can be applied in the devices such as terminal, base station.Such as Fig. 1 institutes Show, the method for the angle-of- arrival estimation comprises the following steps：
Step S101, the time domain channel response of acquisition of communication channels.
In the step, the method for the angle-of- arrival estimation can directly obtain the communication by some channel estimation methods The time domain channel response h (m, k) of channel, wherein, m represents carrier index, and k represents antenna index；It can also first pass through default Channel estimation method obtains the domain channel response H (m, k) of the communication channel, then again believes the frequency domain of the communication channel Road response H (m, k) carries out the time domain channel response h (m, k) that inverse Fourier transform is transformed to the communication channel.
Step S102, according to the auto-correlation function of the time domain channel response calculating channel response.
In the step, the method for the angle-of- arrival estimation can according to the particular use of the result of the angle-of- arrival estimation come The auto-correlation function of calculating channel response.If for example, the result of the angle-of- arrival estimation needs to be used for wave beam forming, the arrival The method of angular estimation calculates the auto-correlation function of the channel response with the first preset algorithm；If the result of the angle-of- arrival estimation Wave beam forming need not be used for, such as terminal positioning etc., the method for the angle-of- arrival estimation to be with different from the first pre- imputation Second preset algorithm of method calculates the auto-correlation function of the channel response.
Step S103, the cost function using angle as input parameter is constructed according to the auto-correlation function, and selects institute Angle parameter value corresponding to the maximum of cost function is stated as angle-of- arrival estimation result.
In the step, the cost function is one and the auto-correlation function and the function of angle relation, by upper State step S102 and calculate the auto-correlation function, the auto-correlation function is substituted into the cost function expression formula, so as to To the cost function using angle as input parameter, the functional value of the cost function occurs because of the conversion of the input angle Conversion.
In step S103, the method for the angle-of- arrival estimation is also searched in predetermined angular section, and selects one So that result of the angle parameter value of the functional value maximum of the cost function as angle-of- arrival estimation.The predetermined angular section For [- 90,90].
The time domain channel response of the method for the angle-of- arrival estimation of first embodiment of the invention, first acquisition of communication channels, so Afterwards according to the auto-correlation function of the time domain channel response calculating channel response, finally constructed according to the auto-correlation function with angle The cost function as input parameter is spent, and selects angle parameter value corresponding to the maximum of the cost function as angle of arrival Estimated result.In such manner, it is possible to estimate angle of arrival exactly in the case of multipath depositing, reduce the evaluated error of angle of arrival, carry High communication system transmission performance.
Second embodiment
Referring to Fig. 2, Fig. 2 is the flow chart of the method for another angle-of- arrival estimation provided in an embodiment of the present invention, it is necessary to say Bright, in the embodiment of the present invention, the method for above-mentioned angle-of- arrival estimation can be applied in the devices such as terminal, base station.Such as Fig. 2 institutes Show, the method for the angle-of- arrival estimation comprises the following steps：
Step S201, the domain channel response of the communication channel is obtained by default channel estimation method.
Alternatively, in the step, the default channel estimation method is believed including least square LS (Least-Square) Channel estimation algorithm or Minimum Mean Square Error MMSE (Minimum Mean Squared Error) channel estimation method, the acquisition The domain channel response arrived is H (m, k), wherein, m represents carrier index, and k represents antenna index.
Step S202, domain channel response progress inverse Fourier transform is transformed to time domain channel response.
In the step, the domain channel response H (m, k) is transformed to time domain channel response h by inverse Fourier transform (m, k), so as to realize the conversion of frequency domain to time domain.The inverse Fourier transform belongs to prior art category, will not be repeated here.
Step S203, according to the auto-correlation function of the time domain channel response calculating channel response.
Step S204, the cost function using angle as input parameter is constructed according to the auto-correlation function, and selects institute Angle parameter value corresponding to the maximum of cost function is stated as angle-of- arrival estimation result.
Step S203 and step S204 is identical with the step S102 in first embodiment and step S103, no longer superfluous herein State.
The method for the angle-of- arrival estimation that second embodiment of the invention provides, by described in the acquisition of default channel estimation method The domain channel response of communication channel, domain channel response progress inverse Fourier transform is then transformed to time domain channel and rung Should, according to the auto-correlation function of the time domain channel response calculating channel response, finally according to the auto-correlation function construct with Cost function of the angle as input parameter, and angle parameter value corresponding to the maximum of the cost function is selected as arrival Angular estimation result.So, it can adaptively estimate reach as the case may be by the mutual conversion between frequency domain and time domain Angle, the error for reaching angular estimation can be greatly reduced in the case of multipath depositing, improves the transmission performance of communication system.
3rd embodiment
Referring to Fig. 3, Fig. 3 is the flow chart of the method for another angle-of- arrival estimation provided in an embodiment of the present invention, it is necessary to say Bright, in the embodiment of the present invention, the method for above-mentioned angle-of- arrival estimation can be applied in the devices such as terminal, base station.Such as Fig. 3 institutes Show, the method for the angle-of- arrival estimation comprises the following steps：
Step S301, the domain channel response of the communication channel is obtained by default channel estimation method.
Alternatively, in the step, the default channel estimation method is believed including least square LS (Least-Square) Channel estimation algorithm or Minimum Mean Square Error MMSE (Minimum Mean Squared Error) channel estimation method, the acquisition The domain channel response arrived is H (m, k), wherein, m represents carrier index, and k represents antenna index.
Step S302, domain channel response progress inverse Fourier transform is transformed to time domain channel response.
In the step, the domain channel response H (m, k) is transformed to time domain channel response h by inverse Fourier transform (m, k), so as to realize the conversion of frequency domain to time domain.The inverse Fourier transform belongs to prior art category, will not be repeated here.
Step S303, judge whether the result of angle-of- arrival estimation needs to be used for wave beam forming.
In the step, the information that the method for the angle-of- arrival estimation can be inputted by obtaining user judges the angle of arrival Whether the result of estimation is used for wave beam forming, if the result of the angle-of- arrival estimation needs to be used for wave beam forming, performs step S304；If on the contrary, the result of the angle-of- arrival estimation need not be used for wave beam forming, step S305 is performed.
It should be noted that in embodiments of the present invention, step S303 execution sequence is simultaneously defined in the step After S301 and S302, alternatively, the step S303 can also be performed before the step S301, can also be in the step Suddenly being performed between S301 and S302 can either perform simultaneously with the step S301 or step S302, in Fig. 3 flow chart So that step S303 is performed after the step S301 and S302 as an example, but it is not limited.
Step S304, the auto-correlation function R of calculating channel responsehh=H (:,1:K)*×H(:,1:K), wherein H (:,1:K) Representing the domain channel response of the communication channel, K represents number of antennas, 1：K represents the time domain formed from antenna 1 to antenna K Channel response vector, the conjugate transposition of * representing matrixs.
Step S305, the prominent time delay index position TA of tap coefficient is determined according to the time domain channel responseindex, And determine index position TAindexCorresponding time domain channel response h (TAindex,k)。
Step S306, the auto-correlation function R of calculating channel responsehh=h (TAindex,1:K)*×h(TAindex,1:K), its Middle h (TAindex,1:K) the time domain channel response of the expression communication channel, K expression number of antennas, 1：K is represented from antenna 1 to day The time domain channel response vector of line K compositions, the conjugate transposition of * representing matrixs.
So, the angle-of- arrival estimation is judged by above-mentioned steps S303~S306, the method for the angle-of- arrival estimation As a result whether need to be used for wave beam forming, and channel can be adaptively calculated according to the purposes of the result of the angle-of- arrival estimation The auto-correlation function of response, so as to realize the auto-correlation function that suitable channel response is calculated according to actual conditions, reduce last The error of estimated result.
Step S307, the cost function using angle as input parameter is constructed according to the auto-correlation function, and selects institute Angle parameter value corresponding to the maximum of cost function is stated as angle-of- arrival estimation result.
Alternatively, the cost function using angle as input parameter as：
Wherein steering vector aθ=[1, e-j2πΔsinθ/λ,…,e-j7×2πΔsinθ/λ]T, the transposition of T representing matrixs, λ expression ripples Long, Δ represents antenna spacing, the conjugate transposition of * representing matrixs, RhhRepresent auto-correlation function.
The method of angle-of- arrival estimation in third embodiment of the invention, obtained by default channel estimation method described logical Believe the domain channel response of channel, domain channel response progress inverse Fourier transform is transformed to time domain channel response, so Judge whether the result of angle-of- arrival estimation needs to be used for wave beam forming afterwards, and be directed to different judged results and the time domain channel The auto-correlation function of calculating channel response in a different manner is distinguished in response, is finally constructed according to the auto-correlation function with angle As the cost function of input parameter, and angle parameter value corresponding to the maximum of the cost function is selected to estimate as angle of arrival Count result.So, can be adaptive according to the particular use of angle-of- arrival estimation result by the mutual conversion between frequency domain and time domain Ground estimation angle of arrival is answered, the error for reaching angular estimation can be greatly reduced in the case of multipath depositing, improve communication system Transmission performance.
Fourth embodiment
It is a kind of structure chart of the device of angle-of- arrival estimation provided in an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in figure 4, institute referring to Fig. 4 Stating device 400 includes：
Acquisition module 401, the time domain channel response for acquisition of communication channels.
Computing module 402, for the auto-correlation function according to the time domain channel response calculating channel response.
Constructing module 403, for constructing the cost function using angle as input parameter according to the auto-correlation function, and Angle parameter value corresponding to the maximum of the cost function is selected as angle-of- arrival estimation result.
Alternatively, as shown in figure 5, the acquisition module 401 includes：
Acquiring unit 4011, the frequency domain channel for obtaining the communication channel by default channel estimation method are rung Should；And
Converting unit 4012, rung for domain channel response progress inverse Fourier transform to be transformed into time domain channel Should.
Alternatively, in this embodiment, the default channel estimation method includes least square LS channel estimation methods Or Minimum Mean Square Error MMSE channel estimation methods.
Alternatively, as shown in fig. 6, the computing module 402 includes：
Whether judging unit 4021, the result for judging angle-of- arrival estimation need to be used for wave beam forming；
First computing unit 4022, if the result for the angle-of- arrival estimation needs to be used for wave beam forming, calculate channel The auto-correlation function R of responsehh=H (:,1:K)*×H(:,1:K), wherein H (:,1:K the frequency domain letter of the communication channel) is represented Road responds, K expression number of antennas, and 1：K represents the time domain channel response vector formed from antenna 1 to antenna K, * representing matrixs Conjugate transposition.
Alternatively, as shown in fig. 7, the computing module 402 also includes：
Determining unit 4023, if the result for the angle-of- arrival estimation need not be used for wave beam forming, according to it is described when Domain channel response determines the prominent time delay index position TA of tap coefficientindex, and determine index position TAindexIt is corresponding Time domain channel response h (TAindex,k)；
Second computing unit 4024, the auto-correlation function R for calculating channel responsehh=h (TAindex,1:K)*×h (TAindex,1:K), wherein h (TAindex,1:K) the time domain channel response of the expression communication channel, K expression number of antennas, 1：K Represent the time domain channel response vector formed from antenna 1 to antenna K, the conjugate transposition of * representing matrixs.
Described device 400 can realize each process in Fig. 1 to Fig. 3 embodiment of the method, to avoid repeating, herein not Repeat again.
Device 400 in fourth embodiment of the invention, the communication channel is obtained by default channel estimation method Domain channel response, domain channel response progress inverse Fourier transform is transformed to time domain channel response, then determined Whether the result up to angular estimation needs to be used for wave beam forming, and distinguishes for different judged results and the time domain channel response The auto-correlation function of calculating channel response in a different manner, input is finally used as using angle according to auto-correlation function construction The cost function of parameter, and angle parameter value corresponding to the maximum of the cost function is selected as angle-of- arrival estimation result. So, can adaptively be estimated according to the particular use of angle-of- arrival estimation result by the mutual conversion between frequency domain and time domain Angle of arrival is counted, the error for reaching angular estimation can be greatly reduced in the case of multipath depositing, improve the transporting of communication system Energy.
5th embodiment
Referring to Fig. 8, Fig. 8 is a kind of structure chart of terminal 800 provided in an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in figure 8, the terminal 800 include：At least one processor 801, memory 802, at least one network interface 803 and user interface 804.
Each component in terminal 800 is coupled by bus system 806, it is understood that bus system 806 For realizing the connection communication between these components.Bus system 806 is in addition to including data wire, in addition to power bus, control Bus and status signal bus in addition processed.But for the sake of clear explanation, various buses are all designated as bus system 806 in fig. 8.
Wherein, user interface 804 can include display, keyboard or pointing device, such as mouse, trace ball (trackball), touch-sensitive plate or touch-screen etc..
It is appreciated that the memory 802 in the embodiment of the present invention can be volatile memory or nonvolatile memory, Or it may include both volatibility and nonvolatile memory.Wherein, nonvolatile memory can be read-only storage (Read- OnlyMemory, ROM), programmable read only memory (ProgrammableROM, PROM), Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory EPROM (ErasablePROM, EPROM), Electrically Erasable Read Only Memory (ElectricallyEPROM, EEPROM) dodge Deposit.Volatile memory can be random access memory (RandomAccessMemory, RAM), and it is used as outside slow at a high speed Deposit.By exemplary but be not restricted explanation, the RAM of many forms can use, such as static RAM (StaticRAM, SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DynamicRAM, DRAM), Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory (SynchronousDRAM, SDRAM), double data speed synchronous dynamic RAM (DoubleDataRate SDRAM, DDRSDRAM), enhanced Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory (Enhanced SDRAM, ESDRAM), synchronized links Dynamic random access memory (SynchlinkDRAM, SLDRAM) and direct rambus random access memory (DirectRambusRAM, DRRAM).The memory 802 of system and method described herein be intended to including but not limited to these and The memory of any other suitable type.
In some embodiments, memory 802 stores following element, can perform module or data structure, or Their subset of person, or their superset：Operating system 8021 and application program 8022.
Wherein, operating system 8021, comprising various system programs, such as ccf layer, core library layer, driving layer etc., it is used for Realize various basic businesses and the hardware based task of processing.Application program 8022, include various application programs, such as media Player (MediaPlayer), browser (Browser) etc., for realizing various applied business.Realize embodiment of the present invention side The program of method may be embodied in application program 8022.
In embodiments of the present invention, by calling program or the instruction of the storage of memory 802, specifically, can be application The program stored in program 8022 or instruction, processor 801 are used for：
The time domain channel response of acquisition of communication channels；
According to the auto-correlation function of the time domain channel response calculating channel response；And
Cost function using angle as input parameter is constructed according to the auto-correlation function, and selects the cost function Maximum corresponding to angle parameter value as angle-of- arrival estimation result.
The method that the embodiments of the present invention disclose can apply in processor 801, or be realized by processor 801. Processor 801 is probably a kind of IC chip, has the disposal ability of signal.In implementation process, the above method it is each Step can be completed by the integrated logic circuit of the hardware in processor 801 or the instruction of software form.Above-mentioned processing Device 801 can be general processor, digital signal processor (DigitalSignalProcessor, DSP), application specific integrated circuit (ApplicationSpecificIntegratedCircuit, ASIC), ready-made programmable gate array (FieldProgrammableGateArray, FPGA) either other PLDs, discrete gate or transistor logic Device, discrete hardware components.It can realize or perform disclosed each method, step and the box in the embodiment of the present invention Figure.General processor can be microprocessor or the processor can also be any conventional processor etc..With reference to the present invention The step of method disclosed in embodiment, can be embodied directly in hardware decoding processor and perform completion, or use decoding processor In hardware and software module combination perform completion.Software module can be located at random access memory, and flash memory, read-only storage can In the ripe storage medium in this area such as program read-only memory or electrically erasable programmable memory, register.The storage Medium is located at memory 802, and processor 801 reads the information in memory 802, and the step of the above method is completed with reference to its hardware Suddenly.
It is understood that embodiments described herein can use hardware, software, firmware, middleware, microcode or its Combine to realize.Realized for hardware, processing unit can be realized in one or more application specific integrated circuits (ApplicationSpecificIntegratedCircuits, ASIC), digital signal processor (DigitalSignalProcessing, DSP), digital signal processing appts (DSPDevice, DSPD), programmable logic device (ProgrammableLogicDevice, PLD), field programmable gate array (Field-ProgrammableGateArray, FPGA), general processor, controller, microcontroller, microprocessor, other electronics lists for performing herein described function In member or its combination.
Realize, can be realized herein by performing the module (such as process, function etc.) of function described herein for software Described technology.Software code is storable in memory and passes through computing device.Memory can within a processor or Realized outside processor.
Alternatively, the time domain channel response of the acquisition of communication channels of processor 801, including：
The domain channel response of the communication channel is obtained by default channel estimation method；
Domain channel response progress inverse Fourier transform is transformed to time domain channel response.
Alternatively, the default channel estimation method includes least square LS channel estimation methods or Minimum Mean Square Error MMSE channel estimation methods.
Alternatively, the processor 801 according to the time domain channel response of the acquisition calculate the channel response from phase Function is closed, including：
Judge whether the result of angle-of- arrival estimation needs to be used for wave beam forming；
If the result of the angle-of- arrival estimation needs to be used for wave beam forming, the auto-correlation function R of calculating channel responsehh=H (:,1:K)*×H(:,1:K), wherein H (:,1:K the domain channel response of the communication channel) is represented, K represents number of antennas, 1：K represents the time domain channel response vector formed from antenna 1 to antenna K, the conjugate transposition of * representing matrixs；Or
If the result of the angle-of- arrival estimation need not be used for wave beam forming, tap is determined according to the time domain channel response The maximum time delay index position TA of capacity factorindex, and determine index position TAindexCorresponding time domain channel response h (TAindex,k)；
The auto-correlation function R of calculating channel responsehh=h (TAindex,1:K)*×h(TAindex,1:K), wherein h (TAindex, 1:K) the time domain channel response of the expression communication channel, K expression number of antennas, 1：K represents what is formed from antenna 1 to antenna K Time domain channel response vector, the conjugate transposition of * representing matrixs.
Alternatively, the cost function using angle as input parameter as：
Wherein steering vector aθ=[1, e-j2πΔsinθ/λ,…,e-j7×2πΔsinθ/λ]T, the transposition of T representing matrixs, λ expression ripples Long, Δ represents antenna spacing, the conjugate transposition of * representing matrixs, RhhRepresent auto-correlation function.
Terminal 800 can realize each process of angle-of- arrival estimation method in previous embodiment, to avoid repeating, here not Repeat again.
Sixth embodiment
Referring to Fig. 9, Fig. 9 is a kind of structure chart of base station 900 provided in an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in figure 9, the base station 900 include：At least one processor 901, memory 902, at least one network interface 903 and user interface 904.
Each component in base station 900 is coupled by bus system 906, it is understood that bus system 906 For realizing the connection communication between these components.Bus system 906 is in addition to including data wire, in addition to power bus, control Bus and status signal bus in addition processed.But for the sake of clear explanation, various buses are all designated as bus system 906 in fig.9.
Wherein, user interface 904 can include display, keyboard or pointing device, such as mouse, trace ball (trackball), touch-sensitive plate or touch-screen etc..
It is appreciated that the memory 902 in the embodiment of the present invention can be volatile memory or nonvolatile memory, Or it may include both volatibility and nonvolatile memory.Wherein, nonvolatile memory can be read-only storage (Read- OnlyMemory, ROM), programmable read only memory (ProgrammableROM, PROM), Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory EPROM (ErasablePROM, EPROM), Electrically Erasable Read Only Memory (ElectricallyEPROM, EEPROM) dodge Deposit.Volatile memory can be random access memory (RandomAccessMemory, RAM), and it is used as outside slow at a high speed Deposit.By exemplary but be not restricted explanation, the RAM of many forms can use, such as static RAM (StaticRAM, SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DynamicRAM, DRAM), Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory (SynchronousDRAM, SDRAM), double data speed synchronous dynamic RAM (DoubleDataRate SDRAM, DDRSDRAM), enhanced Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory (Enhanced SDRAM, ESDRAM), synchronized links Dynamic random access memory (SynchlinkDRAM, SLDRAM) and direct rambus random access memory (DirectRambusRAM, DRRAM).The memory 902 of system and method described herein be intended to including but not limited to these and The memory of any other suitable type.
In some embodiments, memory 902 stores following element, can perform module or data structure, or Their subset of person, or their superset：Operating system 9021 and application program 9022.
Wherein, operating system 9021, comprising various system programs, such as ccf layer, core library layer, driving layer etc., it is used for Realize various basic businesses and the hardware based task of processing.Application program 9022, include various application programs, such as media Player (MediaPlayer), browser (Browser) etc., for realizing various applied business.Realize embodiment of the present invention side The program of method may be embodied in application program 9022.
In embodiments of the present invention, by calling program or the instruction of the storage of memory 902, specifically, can be application The program stored in program 9022 or instruction, processor 901 are used for：
The time domain channel response of acquisition of communication channels；
According to the auto-correlation function of the time domain channel response calculating channel response；And
Cost function using angle as input parameter is constructed according to the auto-correlation function, and selects the cost function Maximum corresponding to angle parameter value as angle-of- arrival estimation result.
The method that the embodiments of the present invention disclose can apply in processor 901, or be realized by processor 901. Processor 901 is probably a kind of IC chip, has the disposal ability of signal.In implementation process, the above method it is each Step can be completed by the integrated logic circuit of the hardware in processor 901 or the instruction of software form.Above-mentioned processing Device 901 can be general processor, digital signal processor (DigitalSignalProcessor, DSP), application specific integrated circuit (ApplicationSpecificIntegratedCircuit, ASIC), ready-made programmable gate array (FieldProgrammableGateArray, FPGA) either other PLDs, discrete gate or transistor logic Device, discrete hardware components.It can realize or perform disclosed each method, step and the box in the embodiment of the present invention Figure.General processor can be microprocessor or the processor can also be any conventional processor etc..With reference to the present invention The step of method disclosed in embodiment, can be embodied directly in hardware decoding processor and perform completion, or use decoding processor In hardware and software module combination perform completion.Software module can be located at random access memory, and flash memory, read-only storage can In the ripe storage medium in this area such as program read-only memory or electrically erasable programmable memory, register.The storage Medium is located at memory 902, and processor 901 reads the information in memory 902, and the step of the above method is completed with reference to its hardware Suddenly.
It is understood that embodiments described herein can use hardware, software, firmware, middleware, microcode or its Combine to realize.Realized for hardware, processing unit can be realized in one or more application specific integrated circuits (ApplicationSpecificIntegratedCircuits, ASIC), digital signal processor (DigitalSignalProcessing, DSP), digital signal processing appts (DSPDevice, DSPD), programmable logic device (ProgrammableLogicDevice, PLD), field programmable gate array (Field-ProgrammableGateArray, FPGA), general processor, controller, microcontroller, microprocessor, other electronics lists for performing herein described function In member or its combination.
Realize, can be realized herein by performing the module (such as process, function etc.) of function described herein for software Described technology.Software code is storable in memory and passes through computing device.Memory can within a processor or Realized outside processor.
Alternatively, the time domain channel response of the acquisition of communication channels of processor 901, including：
The domain channel response of the communication channel is obtained by default channel estimation method；
Domain channel response progress inverse Fourier transform is transformed to time domain channel response.
Alternatively, the default channel estimation method includes least square LS channel estimation methods or Minimum Mean Square Error MMSE channel estimation methods.
Alternatively, the processor 901 according to the time domain channel response of the acquisition calculate the channel response from phase Function is closed, including：
Judge whether the result of angle-of- arrival estimation needs to be used for wave beam forming；
If the result of the angle-of- arrival estimation needs to be used for wave beam forming, the auto-correlation function R of calculating channel responsehh=H (:,1:K)*×H(:,1:K), wherein H (:,1:K the domain channel response of the communication channel) is represented, K represents number of antennas, 1：K represents the time domain channel response vector formed from antenna 1 to antenna K, the conjugate transposition of * representing matrixs；Or
If the result of the angle-of- arrival estimation need not be used for wave beam forming, tap is determined according to the time domain channel response The maximum time delay index position TA of capacity factorindex, and determine index position TAindexCorresponding time domain channel response h (TAindex,k)；
The auto-correlation function R of calculating channel responsehh=h (TAindex,1:K)*×h(TAindex,1:K), wherein h (TAindex, 1:K) the time domain channel response of the expression communication channel, K expression number of antennas, 1：K represents what is formed from antenna 1 to antenna K Time domain channel response vector, the conjugate transposition of * representing matrixs.
Alternatively, the cost function using angle as input parameter as：
Wherein steering vector aθ=[1, e-j2πΔsinθ/λ,…,e-j7×2πΔsinθ/λ]T, the transposition of T representing matrixs, λ expression ripples Long, Δ represents antenna spacing, the conjugate transposition of * representing matrixs, RhhRepresent auto-correlation function.
Base station 900 can realize each process of angle-of- arrival estimation method in previous embodiment, to avoid repeating, here not Repeat again.
One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that all or part of step for realizing above-described embodiment method is can be with Completed by the related hardware of programmed instruction, described program can be stored in a computer-readable medium, the program Upon execution, comprise the following steps：
The time domain channel response of acquisition of communication channels；
According to the auto-correlation function of the time domain channel response calculating channel response；And
Cost function using angle as input parameter is constructed according to the auto-correlation function, and selects the cost function Maximum corresponding to angle parameter value as angle-of- arrival estimation result.
Alternatively, the step of time domain channel response of the acquisition of communication channels includes：
The domain channel response of the communication channel is obtained by default channel estimation method；
Domain channel response progress inverse Fourier transform is transformed to time domain channel response.
Alternatively, in this embodiment, the default channel estimation method includes least square LS channel estimation methods Or Minimum Mean Square Error MMSE channel estimation methods.
Alternatively, the step of the auto-correlation function that the channel response is calculated according to the time domain channel response of the acquisition Suddenly include：
Judge whether the result of angle-of- arrival estimation needs to be used for wave beam forming；
If the result of the angle-of- arrival estimation needs to be used for wave beam forming, the auto-correlation function R of calculating channel responsehh=H (:,1:K)*×H(:,1:K), wherein H (:,1:K the domain channel response of the communication channel) is represented, K represents number of antennas, 1：K represents the time domain channel response vector formed from antenna 1 to antenna K, the conjugate transposition of * representing matrixs；Or
If the result of the angle-of- arrival estimation need not be used for wave beam forming, tap is determined according to the time domain channel response The maximum time delay index position TA of capacity factorindex, and determine index position TAindexCorresponding time domain channel response h (TAindex,k)；And
The auto-correlation function R of calculating channel responsehh=h (TAindex,1:K)*×h(TAindex,1:K), wherein h (TAindex, 1:K) the time domain channel response of the expression communication channel, K expression number of antennas, 1：K represents what is formed from antenna 1 to antenna K Time domain channel response vector, the conjugate transposition of * representing matrixs.
Alternatively, in this embodiment, the cost function using angle as input parameter as：
Wherein steering vector aθ=[1, e-j2πΔsinθ/λ,…,e-j7×2πΔsinθ/λ]T, the transposition of T representing matrixs, λ expression ripples It is long,ΔRepresent antenna spacing, the conjugate transposition of * representing matrixs, RhhRepresent auto-correlation function.
Described storage medium, such as read-only storage (Read-Only Memory, abbreviation ROM), random access memory (Random Access Memory, abbreviation RAM), magnetic disc or CD etc..
Described above is the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for those skilled in the art For, on the premise of principle of the present invention is not departed from, some improvements and modifications can also be made, these improvements and modifications It should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (12)

  1. A kind of 1. method of angle-of- arrival estimation, it is characterised in that including：
    The time domain channel response of acquisition of communication channels；
    According to the auto-correlation function of the time domain channel response calculating channel response；And
    Cost function using angle as input parameter is constructed according to the auto-correlation function, and selects the cost function most Angle parameter value is as angle-of- arrival estimation result corresponding to big value.
  2. 2. the method for angle-of- arrival estimation as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the time domain channel of the acquisition of communication channels The step of response, includes：
    The domain channel response of the communication channel is obtained by default channel estimation method；
    Domain channel response progress inverse Fourier transform is transformed to time domain channel response.
  3. 3. the method for angle-of- arrival estimation as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that the default channel estimation method includes Least square LS channel estimation methods or Minimum Mean Square Error MMSE channel estimation methods.
  4. 4. the method for angle-of- arrival estimation as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that the time domain channel according to the acquisition The step of auto-correlation function of the response calculating channel response, includes：
    Judge whether the result of angle-of- arrival estimation needs to be used for wave beam forming；
    If the result of the angle-of- arrival estimation needs to be used for wave beam forming, the auto-correlation function R of calculating channel responsehh=H (:,1: K)*×H(:,1:K), wherein H (:,1:K) the domain channel response of the expression communication channel, K expression number of antennas, 1：K tables Show the time domain channel response vector formed from antenna 1 to antenna K, the conjugate transposition of * representing matrixs；Or
    If the result of the angle-of- arrival estimation need not be used for wave beam forming, tap coefficient is determined according to the time domain channel response Prominent time delay index position TAindex, and determine index position TAindexCorresponding time domain channel response h (TAindex, k)；
    The auto-correlation function R of calculating channel responsehh=h (TAindex,1:K)*×h(TAindex,1:K), wherein h (TAindex,1:K) Representing the time domain channel response of the communication channel, K represents number of antennas, 1：K represents the time domain formed from antenna 1 to antenna K Channel response vector, the conjugate transposition of * representing matrixs.
  5. 5. the method for the angle-of- arrival estimation as described in any one of Claims 1 to 4, it is characterised in that described using angle as defeated The cost function for entering parameter is：
    <mrow> <mi>f</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>&amp;theta;</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <munder> <mi>arg</mi> <mi>&amp;theta;</mi> </munder> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>m</mi> <mi>a</mi> <mi>x</mi> <mo>&amp;lsqb;</mo> <mrow> <msup> <msub> <mi>a</mi> <mi>&amp;theta;</mi> </msub> <mo>*</mo> </msup> <mo>&amp;times;</mo> <msub> <mi>R</mi> <mrow> <mi>h</mi> <mi>h</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>&amp;times;</mo> <msub> <mi>a</mi> <mi>&amp;theta;</mi> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>&amp;rsqb;</mo> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>,</mo> <mi>&amp;theta;</mi> <mo>&amp;Element;</mo> <mo>&amp;lsqb;</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mn>90</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mn>90</mn> <mo>&amp;rsqb;</mo> <mo>,</mo> </mrow>
    Wherein steering vector aθ=[1, e-j2πΔsinθ/λ,…,e-j7×2πΔsinθ/λ]T, the transposition of T representing matrixs, λ expression wavelength, Δ Represent antenna spacing, the conjugate transposition of * representing matrixs, RhhRepresent auto-correlation function.
  6. A kind of 6. device of angle-of- arrival estimation, it is characterised in that including：
    Acquisition module, the time domain channel response for acquisition of communication channels；
    Computing module, for the auto-correlation function according to the time domain channel response calculating channel response；And
    Constructing module, for constructing the cost function using angle as input parameter according to the auto-correlation function, and select institute Angle parameter value corresponding to the maximum of cost function is stated as angle-of- arrival estimation result.
  7. 7. the device of angle-of- arrival estimation as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that the acquisition module includes：
    Acquiring unit, for obtaining the domain channel response of the communication channel by default channel estimation method；And
    Converting unit, for domain channel response progress inverse Fourier transform to be transformed into time domain channel response.
  8. 8. the device of angle-of- arrival estimation as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that the default channel estimation method includes Least square LS channel estimation methods or Minimum Mean Square Error MMSE channel estimation methods.
  9. 9. the device of angle-of- arrival estimation as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that the computing module includes：
    Whether judging unit, the result for judging angle-of- arrival estimation need to be used for wave beam forming；
    First computing unit, if the result for the angle-of- arrival estimation needs to be used for wave beam forming, calculating channel response from Correlation function Rhh=H (:,1:K)*×H(:,1:K), wherein H (:,1:K the domain channel response of the communication channel, K) are represented Expression number of antennas, 1：K represents the time domain channel response vector formed from antenna 1 to antenna K, the conjugate transposition of * representing matrixs； Or
    Determining unit, if the result for the angle-of- arrival estimation need not be used for wave beam forming, rung according to the time domain channel It should determine that the prominent time delay index position TA of tap coefficientindex, and determine index position TAindexCorresponding time domain letter Road response h (TAindex, k)；
    Second computing unit, the auto-correlation function R for calculating channel responsehh=h (TAindex,1:K)*×h(TAindex,1:K), Wherein h (TAindex,1:K) the time domain channel response of the expression communication channel, K expression number of antennas, 1：K represent from antenna 1 to The time domain channel response vector of antenna K compositions, the conjugate transposition of * representing matrixs.
  10. 10. the device of the angle-of- arrival estimation as described in any one of claim 6~9, it is characterised in that described using angle as defeated The cost function for entering parameter is：
    <mrow> <mi>f</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>&amp;theta;</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <munder> <mi>arg</mi> <mi>&amp;theta;</mi> </munder> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>m</mi> <mi>a</mi> <mi>x</mi> <mo>&amp;lsqb;</mo> <mrow> <msup> <msub> <mi>a</mi> <mi>&amp;theta;</mi> </msub> <mo>*</mo> </msup> <mo>&amp;times;</mo> <msub> <mi>R</mi> <mrow> <mi>h</mi> <mi>h</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>&amp;times;</mo> <msub> <mi>a</mi> <mi>&amp;theta;</mi> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>&amp;rsqb;</mo> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>,</mo> <mi>&amp;theta;</mi> <mo>&amp;Element;</mo> <mo>&amp;lsqb;</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mn>90</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mn>90</mn> <mo>&amp;rsqb;</mo> <mo>,</mo> </mrow>
    Wherein steering vector aθ=[1, e-j2πΔsinθ/λ,…,e-j7×2πΔsinθ/λ]T, the transposition of T representing matrixs, λ expression wavelength, Δ Represent antenna spacing, the conjugate transposition of * representing matrixs, RhhRepresent auto-correlation function.
  11. 11. a kind of terminal, it is characterised in that the terminal includes the device described in any one of claim 6~9.
  12. 12. a kind of base station, it is characterised in that the base station includes the device described in any one of claim 6~9.
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