CN107731316A - A kind of ceramic nano coating cladding nuclear fuels - Google Patents
A kind of ceramic nano coating cladding nuclear fuels Download PDFInfo
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- CN107731316A CN107731316A CN201711166673.4A CN201711166673A CN107731316A CN 107731316 A CN107731316 A CN 107731316A CN 201711166673 A CN201711166673 A CN 201711166673A CN 107731316 A CN107731316 A CN 107731316A
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- ceramic nano
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- nuclear fuels
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- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 118
- 239000002103 nanocoating Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 96
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 239000003758 nuclear fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 229910001093 Zr alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005240 physical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910009818 Ti3AlC2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910009817 Ti3SiC2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007750 plasma spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007751 thermal spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011153 ceramic matrix composite Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 15
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000004992 fission Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 23
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 22
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 7
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 description 6
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011204 carbon fibre-reinforced silicon carbide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000272517 Anseriformes Species 0.000 description 2
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000280 densification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011824 nuclear material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- ATYZRBBOXUWECY-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Zr] ATYZRBBOXUWECY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001257 Nb alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KIYTVLQVWMLKOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Au].[Nb] Chemical compound [Au].[Nb] KIYTVLQVWMLKOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009954 braiding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000686 essence Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010329 laser etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000626 liquid-phase infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002905 metal composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910003465 moissanite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004886 process control Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000941 radioactive substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C3/00—Reactor fuel elements and their assemblies; Selection of substances for use as reactor fuel elements
- G21C3/02—Fuel elements
- G21C3/04—Constructional details
- G21C3/06—Casings; Jackets
- G21C3/07—Casings; Jackets characterised by their material, e.g. alloys
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y30/00—Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C3/00—Reactor fuel elements and their assemblies; Selection of substances for use as reactor fuel elements
- G21C3/02—Fuel elements
- G21C3/04—Constructional details
- G21C3/06—Casings; Jackets
- G21C3/08—Casings; Jackets provided with external means to promote heat-transfer, e.g. fins, baffles
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Nanotechnology (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
- Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a kind of ceramic nano coating cladding nuclear fuels, including involucrum matrix, the involucrum outer surface of matrix is provided with ceramic nano coating, and ceramic nano coating outer surface is provided with some grooves or blind hole.Ceramic nano coating cladding nuclear fuels of the present invention, use it for PWR of Nuclear Power Station fuel rod, can prevent Zirconium alloy material from being contacted at high temperature with coolant water, while there is good heat-conducting effect again, by fuel fission caused by heat be transmitted to primary Ioops cooling water.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to nuclear equipment field, more particularly, to a kind of PWR of Nuclear Power Station ceramic nano coated fuel bag
Shell.
Background technology
Cladding nuclear fuels are the sealing shells of nuclear fuel, are the second safety curtains of nuclear power station.It is to contain to split that it, which is acted on,
Become product, prevent fission product from leaking, while involucrum is the isolation barrier between fuel and cooling agent, is avoided that fuel and cooling
Agent reacts.In core structural material, the operating mode of cladding materials is most harsh, it is desirable to can bear high temperature, high pressure, big temperature
Gradient and strong neutron irradiation are spent, therefore often zirconium alloy cladding material is selected in presurized water reactor.When accident occurs for nuclear power station, reactor
The water level decreasing of the cooling water of pressure vessel, the temperature rise of fuel can, when temperature is increased to more than 900 DEG C, zircaloy
Zirconium water occurs with water to react, generates zirconium oxide and hydrogen.Because the reaction of metal zirconium and water is exothermic reaction, so that temperature
Continue to raise, start to melt in 1850 DEG C of zircaloys, chemical reactions at the same time produces a large amount of hydrogen, may cause reactor blast etc.
Major accident, cause the rupture of whole containment, substantial amounts of radioactive substance leakage.
The content of the invention
In view of this, the present invention is directed to propose a kind of ceramic nano coating cladding nuclear fuels, to overcome lacking for prior art
Fall into, use it for PWR of Nuclear Power Station fuel rod, can prevent Zirconium alloy material from being contacted at high temperature with coolant water, while have again
Have good heat-conducting effect, by fuel fission caused by heat be transmitted to primary Ioops cooling water.
To reach above-mentioned purpose, the technical proposal of the invention is realized in this way：
A kind of ceramic nano coating cladding nuclear fuels, including involucrum matrix, the involucrum outer surface of matrix are received provided with ceramics
Rice coating, ceramic nano coating outer surface are provided with some grooves or blind hole.
It is that the liquid water of HTHP ducks in drink as cooling agent, fuel element in common pressurized water reactor, institute
It is to have contact with the water of HTHP with involucrum matrix.Nuclear reaction is that the nuclear material in involucrum matrix is carried out, nuclear reaction
Caused heat heats water, it is necessary to be delivered to outside involucrum matrix, and then by circulation, heat is led out, generated electricity.If
Involucrum outer surface of matrix directly adds last layer ceramic nano coating, because the heat-conducting effect of ceramics is bad, can influence involucrum matrix
Heat conduction, influence in involucrum matrix heat derives caused by nuclear reaction to outside involucrum matrix.Therefore, if in ceramic nano coating
On set up some grooves or blind hole, will provided with groove or blind hole position increase heat transfer, improve heat transfer property.
Further, the material of the ceramic nano coating is SiC ceramic, Al2O3Ceramics and SiO2One kind in ceramics.
Further, the material of the ceramic nano coating is the compound containing Si and/or Al elements；Preferably, institute
The material for stating ceramic nano coating is SiCf/SiC composites, pure SiC material, SiC and metallic composite, Ti3AlC2、
Ti3SiC2With one kind in SiC based composite ceramic materials (CMCs).
SiCf/SiC composites, SiC and metallic composite, SiC based composite ceramic materials these, can because of SiCf, SiC
Ratio is different, and influences material property.Ceramic component content is higher, and thermal conductivity factor is smaller, and heat conduction is poorer.Conversely, metal ingredient
Content is high, and heat-conducting effect will get well, but prevents the effect that zirconium water reacts with regard to poor.
SiC and metal composite, metal material must be zirconium, niobium alloy material.Cladding materials itself is exactly the conjunction of zirconium and niobium
Gold, other metal materials are not introduced typically.In addition when being SiC with metallic composite, typically it can also be layered, inner layer metal ratio
Example is high, and outer layer ceramics ratio is high.
Further, the method that the nano coating is formed at involucrum outer surface of matrix is sputtering, immersion plating, chemical vapor deposition
In product, physical vapour deposition (PVD), high temperature insostatic pressing (HIP), isostatic cool pressing, pressing mold, cast, compacting and sintering, plasma spraying and thermal spraying
It is one or more kinds of；Some grooves or blind hole are formed to be etched with the method for ceramic nano coating outer surface for superlaser.It is high
Energy laser etching method, namely laser nano processing method.
Further, the material of the involucrum matrix is Zirconium alloy material；The thickness of ceramic nano coating is 20-200nm.
Further, the depth of some grooves or blind hole is the 1/40~1/2 of ceramic nano coating layer thickness, and some grooves
Or the depth of blind hole is more than or equal to 5nm, the depth of some grooves or blind hole is less than 100nm.Thickness is less than 5nm, very difficult to accomplish.
Even if accomplishing, the possible intensity of structure is not high, and performance is unstable, can not use.
Further, the formal distribution that some grooves are interlocked with gap is in the outer surface of ceramic nano coating.
Further, some grooves be arranged in parallel between each other.In some groove gap cross structures between each groove not
Necessarily be parallel to each other, each groove be simply arranged to being easily worked for the form of being parallel to each other, the position of laser do not have to adjustment and
Change, can improve operating efficiency.
Further, some grooves in " ten " word chi structure and are distributed in the appearance of ceramic nano coating two-by-two
Face.
Further, the section of some grooves is one kind in rectangle, triangle or curve form.The shape of groove is not
It is confined to that the above is several, as long as the structure that can be formed by Digital Control laser.
Relative to prior art, a kind of ceramic nano coating cladding nuclear fuels of the present invention have the advantage that：
(1) a kind of ceramic nano coating cladding nuclear fuels of the present invention, use it for PWR of Nuclear Power Station fuel rod,
Because involucrum basic material uses Zirconium alloy material, and ceramic nano coating is set up in involucrum outer surface of matrix, zirconium can be prevented
Alloy material involucrum matrix contacts with coolant water at high temperature, and chemical reaction generation hydrogen occurs, avoids reactor blast
Deng the generation of major accident, the security of design is improved；Further, since it is provided with ceramic nano coating outer surface some recessed
Groove or blind hole, it can make ceramic nano coating involucrum of the present invention that there is good heat-conducting effect-heat-conducting effect at least may be used
To increase 2-3 times, the nuclear fuel in involucrum will not be caused to have larger temperature rise, ensure being normally carried out for reactor.
(2) a kind of ceramic nano coating cladding nuclear fuels of the present invention, by some of ceramic nano coating outer surface
Groove is arranged to gap interlaced arrangement structure or " ten " word chi structure, to form special appearance in ceramic nano coating surface,
And reduced in the position for having surface special appearance, ceramic nano coating layer thickness, and it can be seen from the formula that conducts heat, ceramic nano applies
Thickness degree is smaller, is more come out beneficial to heat conduction, heat transfer that can be preferably involucrum intrinsic silicon nuclear reaction；In addition, formed
Special appearance to also result in ceramic nano coating surface rough, and surface is more coarse, and fluid resistance is bigger, more beneficial to heat
Transmit.
Brief description of the drawings
The accompanying drawing for forming the part of the present invention is used for providing a further understanding of the present invention, schematic reality of the invention
Apply example and its illustrate to be used to explain the present invention, do not form inappropriate limitation of the present invention.In the accompanying drawings：
Fig. 1 is the simple structure schematic diagram of the ceramic nano coating cladding nuclear fuels described in the embodiment of the present invention 1；
Fig. 2 is the ceramic nano coating cladding nuclear fuels cross section view described in the embodiment of the present invention 1；
If Fig. 3 is the ceramic nano coating outer surface of the ceramic nano coating cladding nuclear fuels described in the embodiment of the present invention 1
The enlarged drawing of dry groove gap cross structure；
If Fig. 4 is the ceramic nano coating outer surface of the ceramic nano coating cladding nuclear fuels described in the embodiment of the present invention 2
The enlarged drawing of dry groove gap " ten " word chi structure；
Fig. 5 is the simple structure schematic diagram of the ceramic nano coating cladding nuclear fuels described in the embodiment of the present invention 7.
Description of reference numerals：
1- involucrum matrixes；2- ceramic nano coatings；3- grooves；4- blind holes.
Embodiment
It should be noted that in the case where not conflicting, the feature in embodiment and embodiment in the present invention can phase
Mutually combination.
In the description of the invention, it is to be understood that term " " center ", " longitudinal direction ", " transverse direction ", " on ", " under ",
The orientation or position relationship of the instruction such as "front", "rear", "left", "right", " vertical ", " level ", " top ", " bottom ", " interior ", " outer " are
Based on orientation shown in the drawings or position relationship, it is for only for ease of the description present invention and simplifies description, rather than instruction or dark
Show that the device of meaning or element there must be specific orientation, with specific azimuth configuration and operation, thus it is it is not intended that right
The limitation of the present invention.In addition, term " first ", " second " etc. are only used for describing purpose, and it is not intended that instruction or hint phase
To importance or the implicit quantity for indicating indicated technical characteristic.Thus, the feature for defining " first ", " second " etc. can
To express or implicitly include one or more this feature.In the description of the invention, unless otherwise indicated, " multiple "
It is meant that two or more.
In the description of the invention, it is necessary to illustrate, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " installation ", " phase
Even ", " connection " should be interpreted broadly, for example, it may be being fixedly connected or being detachably connected, or be integrally connected；Can
To be mechanical connection or electrical connection；Can be joined directly together, can also be indirectly connected by intermediary, Ke Yishi
The connection of two element internals.For the ordinary skill in the art, above-mentioned term can be understood by concrete condition
Concrete meaning in the present invention.
Describe the present invention in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with the embodiments.
Embodiment 1
As Figure 1-3, a kind of cladding nuclear fuels of ceramic nano coating 2, including involucrum matrix 1, outside the involucrum matrix 1
Surface is provided with ceramic nano coating 2, and the outer surface of ceramic nano coating 2 is provided with some grooves 3.Involucrum matrix 1 is cylindrical, and it two
End is sealedly connected with end plug.The wall thickness of involucrum matrix 1 is 0.4mm.
The material of above-mentioned ceramic nano coating 2 is SiO2Ceramics.
The method that above-mentioned nano coating is formed at the outer surface of involucrum matrix 1 is plasma spraying；Some grooves 3 are formed and pottery
The method of the outer surface of porcelain nano coating 2 etches for superlaser.
The material of above-mentioned involucrum matrix 1 is Zirconium alloy material；The thickness of ceramic nano coating 2 is 50nm.
The depth of some grooves 3 is the 1/5 of the thickness of ceramic nano coating 2.
The formal distribution that some grooves 3 are interlocked with gap is in the outer surface of ceramic nano coating 2.
Some grooves 3 be arranged in parallel between each other.
The section of some grooves 3 is rectangle.
The operation principle of the present embodiment：
In use, the ceramic nano coating cladding nuclear fuels of the present embodiment are used in common pressurized water reactor, with height
The liquid water of warm high pressure ducks in drink as cooling agent, fuel element, and nuclear reaction is that the nuclear material in involucrum matrix 1 is carried out
, heat caused by nuclear reaction, it is delivered to outside involucrum matrix 1, water is heated, then by circulation, heat is led out, sent out
Electricity.And involucrum outer surface of matrix directly adds last layer ceramic nano coating 2, the involucrum matrix 1 of Zirconium alloy material can be prevented in height
Temperature is lower to be contacted with coolant water, and chemical reaction generation hydrogen occurs, so as to avoid the generation of the major accidents such as reactor blast,
Improve the security of design；On the other hand, because the heat-conducting effect of ceramic nano coating 2 is bad, leading for involucrum matrix 1 can be influenceed
Heat, heat derives caused by nuclear reaction are influenceed in involucrum matrix 1 to outside involucrum matrix 1, and set up on ceramic nano coating 2
Some grooves, reeded position increase heat transfer will be being set, heat transfer property improved, so as to ensure the ceramic nano of the present embodiment
Coating cladding nuclear fuels have good heat-conducting effect, and heat-conducting effect can increase by 3 times, and the core in involucrum matrix will not be caused to fire
Material has larger temperature rise, and then ensures the normal operation of reactor.
Embodiment 2
As shown in figure 4, a kind of ceramic nano coating cladding nuclear fuels, including involucrum matrix 1, the appearance of involucrum matrix 1
Face is provided with ceramic nano coating 2, and the outer surface of ceramic nano coating 2 is provided with some grooves 3.Involucrum matrix 1 is cylindrical, its both ends
It is sealedly connected with end plug.The wall thickness of involucrum matrix 1 is 0.4mm.
The material of above-mentioned ceramic nano coating 2 is SiO2Ceramics.
The method that above-mentioned nano coating is formed at the outer surface of involucrum matrix 1 is chemical vapor deposition；Some grooves 3 formed with
The method of the outer surface of ceramic nano coating 2 etches for superlaser.
The material of above-mentioned involucrum matrix 1 is Zirconium alloy material；The thickness of ceramic nano coating 2 is 20nm.
The depth of some grooves 3 is the 1/4 of the thickness of ceramic nano coating 2.
Some grooves 3 in " ten " word chi structure and are distributed in the outer surface of ceramic nano coating 2 two-by-two.
The section of some grooves 3 is rectangle.
The operation principle of the present embodiment is similar to Example 1.The heat-conducting effect of the present embodiment can increase by 2.6 times.
Embodiment 3
The ceramic nano coating cladding nuclear fuels of the present embodiment are substantially the same manner as Example 1, and difference is：Ceramics are received
The material of rice coating 2 is SiCf/SiC composites；The method that ceramic nano coating 2 is formed at the outer surface of involucrum matrix 1 is heat
Isostatic pressed；The thickness of ceramic nano coating 2 is 100nm；The depth of some grooves 3 is the 2/5 of the thickness of ceramic nano coating 2；If
The section of dry groove 3 is triangle.
The operation principle of the present embodiment is similar to Example 1.The heat-conducting effect of the present embodiment can increase by 2 times.
Embodiment 4
The ceramic nano coating cladding nuclear fuels of the present embodiment are substantially the same manner as Example 2, and difference is：Ceramics are received
The material of rice coating 2 is Ti3AlC2；The method that ceramic nano coating 2 is formed at the outer surface of involucrum matrix 1 is physical vapour deposition (PVD)；
The thickness of ceramic nano coating 2 is 190nm；The depth of some grooves 3 is the 1/2 of the thickness of ceramic nano coating 2；Some grooves 3
Section be curve form.
The operation principle of the present embodiment is similar to Example 1.The heat-conducting effect of the present embodiment can increase by 2.5 times.
Embodiment 5
The ceramic nano coating cladding nuclear fuels of the present embodiment are substantially the same manner as Example 4, and difference is：Ceramics are received
The material of rice coating 2 is SiC based composite ceramic materials (CMCs).Influence the feature of SiC based composite ceramic materials (CMCs) performance
Including Enhancement Method, fibrous material, manufacturing process and process control.Wherein：
Enhancement Method mainly includes FRCMC technology, out-phase Particles Dispersion Strengthens Composite Ceramics material
Material technology, growth in situ ceramic composite technology and Nano-Ceramic Composites technology；Because fiber reinforced ceramic-base is compound
Material technology degree of commercialization highest, investigative technique is most ripe, therefore the present embodiment uses the ceramic enhancing technology.
Silicon carbide fiber reinforced based composite ceramic material mainly includes carbon fiber toughened silicon carbide (C/SiC) and carborundum is fine
Tie up two kinds of toughening silicon carbide (SiC/SiC)；Because carbon fiber is cheap and is readily available, thus the present embodiment selects C/SiC
Silicon carbide matrix ceramic composites.
The manufacture method of C/SiC silicon carbide matrix ceramic composites has reaction-sintered (RB), hot pressed sintering (HP), presoma
Dipping pyrolysis (PIP), reactive melt infiltration (RMI) and CVI, CVI-PIP, CVI-RMI and PIP-HP etc..Because CVI is
The currently the only manufacture method having been commercialized, its strong adaptability, it is applied to all inorganic non-metallic materials in principle, can manufactures more
Boundary layer, matrix and the face coat of dimension braiding composite material.Therefore the present embodiment selects CVI manufacture methods.
The control of CVI processes：The structure of precast body is to influence the principal element of densification process, and this depends on fibre bundle
Size and weaving method.In the present embodiment, there are 1000 monfil per bundle fiber.Hole in beam between each monfil
Minimum, typically at 5 μm；Hole between fibre bundle is larger, typically at 200 μm.And the general 2500mm of diameter of cvd furnace.CVI
The optimization aim of technological parameter is to improve consistency, densification rate and density uniformity, and consistency is CVI-CMC-SiC
The decisive influence factor of energy.Therefore, in the present embodiment, C/SiC silicon carbide matrix ceramic composites reach higher cause as far as possible
Density.
The heat-conducting effect of the present embodiment can increase by 2.2 times.
Embodiment 6
The ceramic nano coating cladding nuclear fuels of the present embodiment are substantially the same manner as Example 4, and difference is：Ceramics are received
The material of rice coating 2 is SiC and the composite of zirconium.
The heat-conducting effect of the present embodiment can increase by 2.8 times.
Embodiment 7
As shown in figure 5, a kind of ceramic nano coating cladding nuclear fuels, including involucrum matrix 1, the appearance of involucrum matrix 1
Face is provided with ceramic nano coating 2, and the outer surface of ceramic nano coating 2 is provided with some blind holes 4.Involucrum matrix 1 is cylindrical, its both ends
It is sealedly connected with end plug.The wall thickness of involucrum matrix 1 is 0.4mm.
The material of above-mentioned ceramic nano coating 2 is Ti3SiC2。
The method that above-mentioned nano coating is formed at the outer surface of involucrum matrix 1 is thermal spraying；Some blind holes 4 are formed and received with ceramics
The method of rice coating 2 outer surface etches for superlaser.
The material of above-mentioned involucrum matrix 1 is Zirconium alloy material；The thickness of ceramic nano coating 2 is 148nm.
The depth of some blind holes 4 is 70nm.
The operation principle of the present embodiment is similar to Example 1, and the position where difference is some blind holes 4 can increase
Add heat transfer, improve heat transfer property, its heat-conducting effect can increase by 2.5 times.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all essences in the present invention
God any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc., should be included in the scope of the protection with principle.
Claims (10)
- A kind of 1. ceramic nano coating cladding nuclear fuels, it is characterised in that：Including involucrum matrix (1), the involucrum matrix (1) is outside Surface is provided with ceramic nano coating (2), and ceramic nano coating (2) outer surface is provided with some grooves (3) or blind hole (4).
- 2. ceramic nano coating cladding nuclear fuels according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The ceramic nano coating (2) material is SiC ceramic, Al2O3Ceramics and SiO2One kind in ceramics.
- 3. ceramic nano coating cladding nuclear fuels according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The ceramic nano coating (2) material is the compound containing Si and/or Al elements；Preferably, the material of the ceramic nano coating (2) is SiCf/ SiC ceramic matrix composite material, pure SiC material, SiC and metallic composite, Ti3AlC2、Ti3SiC2With SiC based composite ceramic materials (CMCs) one kind in.
- 4. the ceramic nano coating cladding nuclear fuels according to claims 1 to 3 any one, it is characterised in that：It is described to receive The method that rice coating is formed at involucrum matrix (1) outer surface is sputtering, immersion plating, chemical vapor deposition, physical vapour deposition (PVD), heat etc. It is more than one or both of static pressure, isostatic cool pressing, pressing mold, cast, compacting and sintering, plasma spraying and thermal spraying；It is some Groove (3) or blind hole (4) are formed to be etched with the method for ceramic nano coating (2) outer surface for superlaser.
- 5. ceramic nano coating cladding nuclear fuels according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The involucrum matrix (1) Material is Zirconium alloy material；The thickness of ceramic nano coating (2) is 20-200nm.
- 6. ceramic nano coating cladding nuclear fuels according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Some grooves (3) or blind hole (4) depth be ceramic nano coating (2) thickness 1/40~1/2, and the depth of some grooves (3) or blind hole (4) be more than etc. In 5nm, the depth of some grooves (3) or blind hole (4) is less than 100nm.
- 7. ceramic nano coating cladding nuclear fuels according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Some grooves (3) are with gap Formal distribution staggeredly is in the outer surface of ceramic nano coating (2).
- 8. ceramic nano coating cladding nuclear fuels according to claim 7, it is characterised in that：Some grooves (3) mutually it Between be arranged in parallel.
- 9. ceramic nano coating cladding nuclear fuels according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Some grooves (3) are in two-by-two " ten " word chi structure and the outer surface for being distributed in ceramic nano coating (2).
- 10. the ceramic nano coating cladding nuclear fuels according to claim 7 to 9 any one, it is characterised in that：It is some recessed The section of groove (3) is one kind in rectangle, triangle or curve form.
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| CN113035384A (en) * | 2021-03-16 | 2021-06-25 | 中广核研究院有限公司 | Coated cladding for nuclear fuel rods and method of manufacture |
| CN114101010A (en) * | 2021-10-29 | 2022-03-01 | 浙江邦得利环保科技股份有限公司 | Method for marking part, application and part with mark |
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| CN107731316B (en) | 2024-05-28 |
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