CN1077276A - Be used for for example hot-blast stove of blast furnace air of preheated air - Google Patents
Be used for for example hot-blast stove of blast furnace air of preheated air Download PDFInfo
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- CN1077276A CN1077276A CN 93103083 CN93103083A CN1077276A CN 1077276 A CN1077276 A CN 1077276A CN 93103083 CN93103083 CN 93103083 CN 93103083 A CN93103083 A CN 93103083A CN 1077276 A CN1077276 A CN 1077276A
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Abstract
The present invention relates to the regenerative hot blast stove of modern blast furnace factory or similar thermal process, this hot-blast stove is contained in the furnace shell of former hot-blast stove, and its former accumulation of heat thing is partly removed at least as brick.The new energy storage bed that fine granules constitutes is housed in the regenerator, and the ratio of its heat exchange area and volume is greater than this ratio of conventional regenerative hot blast stove.Hot-blast stove of the present invention no longer has the brick inserts of previous employing, thereby arrange the gas compartment like this: remove former brick inserts and in hot-blast stove, be increased to few a part of gas compartment, and outside this gas compartment generation being used for the new heat exchange bed of this warm, even this space therewith warm separate airtightly.
Description
The present invention relates to the regenerative hot blast stove of a kind of modern blast furnace factory or similar thermal process, as Cowper formula hot-blast stove.By heated air, in this process, come the gas of preheating installation for blast furnace gas or similar desire input discontinuously with two or more such hot-blast stoves.Hot-blast stove of the present invention comprises that two are arranged in the furnace shell, first furnace chamber of the furnace chamber that is lined with refractory material and communicates with each other-be called combustion chamber is provided with through the outlet of the blast furnace air of heating or the similar gas that heat in this hot-blast stove and is used as blast furnace gas or the inlet of similar heating usefulness gas; Second furnace chamber that is called regenerator, a large amount of accumulation of heat things wherein are housed, they alternately are heated the gas heating and to heated blast furnace air in this hot-blast stove or similar gas heat release, this regenerator makes cold blast furnace air or similar gas feed this chamber in addition and discharges the conduit of the heated air that is cooled from this chamber.
For example, hot-blast stove is used for industrial fuel gas or the recuperation of heat of the waste gas that acts as a fuel, and with the air preheat that blasts to required high temperature.Under described high temperature, can not use conventional steel heat exchangers, thereby must find other solution.Usually use heat exchanger in the temperature accumulation of heat more than 1000 ℃, wherein fire-resistant piled bricks plays the function of heat storage usually.
Such as, so-called Cowper stove is a kind of heat exchanger, the chamber gas that its preheating of blast furnace station-service blasts, i.e. blast furnace air.This Cowper stove is generally the turriform of high 30-40m, diameter even reach 10m.It comprises two adjacent vertical furnace chambers that are contained in same or two the adjacent furnace shells that separate.Communicate at the top through each furnace chamber of furnace chamber vault.Be to obtain heated air, the blast furnace gas that in this body of heater, upwards flows in the heating period in one narrow and small, be called in the furnace chamber of combustion chamber and burn.The heated air of Chan Shenging infeeds regenerator from the middle and upper part, combustion chamber down through its vault like this, the piled bricks heat release of piling up in this chamber when gas flows through this chamber.The brick that in regenerator, has thousands of tons of.
Usedly in the Cowper hot-blast stove pile up the shape that thing generally makes brick, as hexagonal brick, they have through hole and the groove that runs through whole brick.On these brick fire grates at the bottom of constituting regenerator, the mode of building by laying bricks or stones wants to make gas by brick and flowing between adjacent bricks.
In the heating period, these bricks are heated to about 1000-1500 ℃ by heated gas in the combustion chamber, after the heating period, cut off blast furnace gas by the valve of closing between blast furnace and Cowper formula hot-blast stove.Next step is in so-called preheating or utilize the stage to open the air valve of Cowper formula stove, cold air blast, and promptly high furnace chamber gas infeeds through piled bricks up, in other words infeeds with the direction opposite with heated air stream in previous stage.Brick makes it heating to the air heat release.Add overheated air from regenerator through the combustion chamber and then flow to the blast furnace fuel.Air blast is heated to 950-1300 ℃ in Cowper formula hot-blast stove.
Usually a blast furnace is furnished with 3-5 seat Cowper formula hot-blast stove in blast furnace factory.The intermitten service in such a way of Cowper formula hot-blast stove: promptly some of them are when the heating period, and other are in air preheat, promptly utilize the stage.Often adopt three Cowper formula hot-blast stoves, so wherein two are in the heating period, and another seat is in warm-up phase.The time of heating period is about 1-2 hour, and in other words preheating of air is that the cooling stage of brick layer was about 30 minutes-1 hour.With regard to warm, expectation shortens time of different phase, but from the viewpoint of the heat exchange between each stage, this possibility is by being limited invalid idle time, and the length with service time has nothing to do basically during this period of time, and it may be 2-8, even 10 minutes.
The change of the airflow direction in the high piled bricks melts the time of looking considerable.Yet mainly be because of this change of having to carry out produces idle time, thereby pressure oscillation is avoided, and the air that blasts must be forced into suitable pressure before it is introduced into blast furnace.Because in the Cowper formula hot-blast stove, especially the gas compartment in regenerator is very big, so the release of its pressurization and pressure will be changed the time of quite looking.Even 4-5 minute.Also to the change time open and close each valve.
Cowper formula hot-blast stove is expensive and huge equipment.Its huge size is that to compare with its cumulative volume be that the heat exchange area of suitable poor efficiency causes owing to it.Cowper formula hot-blast stove has only usually to be in a ratio of with the piled bricks cumulative volume and is about 30-40m
2/ m
3Heat exchange area.
U.S. Pat 2,272,108 disclose a kind of preheating device, and heat storage therein is arranged in around the combustion furnace.Accumulation of heat thing in the preheating device of described open source literature is the solids rather than the brick of bulk.Yet this layout of the disclosure file does not reach the level that modern needs propose.Such as, heated air that is reached by this layout and the temperature difference that blasts between gas are inadequately little.Modern blast furnace factory can not use it, because the temperature of heated air is quite low, often only has an appointment 1200 ℃, and its reason is lower than more early stage blast furnace gas calorific value such as the calorific value that is existing blast furnace gas.And on the other hand, the temperature of blast furnace air should be 1200 ° or preferably higher.This has caused heated air and has blasted between gas will the very little temperature difference.The method of using described United States Patent (USP) to provide, this temperature difference is too high, uses this device of being recommended, and adopts than being called the more huge structure of Cowper-preheating device possibly.Adopt the accumulation of heat thing of reasonable quantity, US2,272,108 layout does not reach sufficiently high blast temperature.
The present invention is intended to develop a kind of improved gas preheating unit.
Purpose of the present invention especially is to improve existing C owper formula hot-blast stove, so that shorten the idle time between heating and warm-up phase, and can adopt conversion each stage faster.
Another purpose of the present invention is to improve existing C owper formula hot-blast stove, so that this more effectively reaches inexpensive than previous known devices in the accumulation of heat application facet through improved device.
Finish aspect the above-mentioned purpose, advanced person's of the present invention preheating device is characterised in that: this preheating device is arranged in the shell of existing hot-blast stove, divides cancellation such as the old accumulation of heat thing that is made of brick at least from the center; With energy storage bed that fine material is set as new energy storage bed.The ratio of the heat exchange area of this energy storage bed and cumulative volume is higher than this ratio in the conventional accumulation of heat system, the result for the desired energy storage bed volume of preheating less than 50% of the previously used piled bricks volume of this modernized preheating device.
In modern hot-blast stove of the present invention, no longer adopt previous piled bricks as filler, because it is little that the effective heat exchange area of piled bricks filler is totally compared with it, thereby requirement has big space, according to the present invention, the energy storage bed that forms with fine material is used as the accumulation of heat thing, this accumulation of heat thing is owing to there is good heat exchange property, so only need space than before used brick filler much less, by adopting hot-blast stove of the present invention, just may be than the heat that before more advantageously obtains heating gas, as the heat of blast furnace gas, to be used for air that preheating enters as being used for the air blast of blast-furnace equipment.
Acquisition also is with the reason that conventional Cowper formula hot-blast stove is compared obvious energy saving: because the thin energy storage bed of big cross-sectional area is arranged, thereby obviously reduce along the pressure differential of whole preheating device.
When the heat exchange bed that adopts fine material to constitute is made the accumulation of heat thing, according to the present invention, old-fashioned Cowper formula hot-blast stove just becomes more effective and advanced, because bigger heat exchange area-volume ratio, as long as the heat exchange bed that fine material forms compares with old-fashioned previous used brick filler much smaller space.Yet, in order to utilize these advantages that more effective heat exchange bed brought, the necessary arrangement like this of the heat exchange bed and the gas compartment because of new; Promptly the gas compartment that increases at least a portion with this hot-blast stove of new heat exchange bed must be stayed outside the gas compartment used in the warm, in other words makes it to separate airtightly with warm.Could utilize the advantage of more effective heat exchange bed like this.
By preferable embodiment of the present invention, old-fashioned Cowper hot-blast stove, such as, can be improved simply by this way: be about to all or preferably just partly remove as the brick bed of heat storage operation, and generation the inserts solids, or the heat exchange bed of other fine material.In described heat exchange bed, inserts solids or granule size, such as, be 2-50mm, thereby the previous used heat storage requisite space in the space that new heat storage requires of this hot-blast stove greatly reduce.
Can constitute this new energy storage bed on the horizontal fire grate on regenerator top easily being arranged in.If desired, this accumulation of heat thing or bed also can be arranged between two vertical or fire grates of tilting, and stoker surface is long-pending to be increased greatlyyer than the cross-sectional area of this chamber thereby easily make.The mode that a fire grate is contained in another fire grate top can also be arranged a plurality of fire grates to increase grate area.
Piled bricks in the old-fashioned Cowperer hot-blast stove has reduced gas permeability and has increased the pressure loss owing to wherein accumulating foreign material, so must upgrade every now and then.Utilize this replacing, the structure modify that Cowper formula hot-blast stove can be quite little and improving, and the interchangeable one-tenth of old piled bricks heat storage of the present invention.
When one new, have on it one deck new than the brick packed layer thin the stove of the heat storage of Duoing when being installed in the old regenerator first half, the Lower Half of this chamber or to isolate fully in the process thus.This has dwindled widely and has used harmful in this part of regenerator, the useless gas compartment.New fire grate can be such height placement: only leave the required space of heat exchange basically above it and in the gas compartment on the top, the chamber that communicates with Cowper formula furnace chamber at this hot-blast stove top.The heat exchange bed desired height depends on the size and dimension of inserts solids or pellet.The height of new heat exchange bed can be the 5-50% of former filler height.Fire grate can be placed on 1/4 place of going up most of this chamber like this.In used Cowper hot-blast stove, make big gas compartment pressurization and decompression cause a lot of idle times, the operation of Cowper formula hot-blast stove and efficient thereof are reduced.
In modern Cowper formula hot-blast stove, therein because new heat exchange material is arranged, thus heat-exchange periodic can be shortened, unless but by heat exchange bed being arranged in as far as possible little space, such as eliminate idle space in the top of Heat Room, then the relative quantity of harmful idle time still increases.
By new fire grate and heat exchange bed are arranged in this upper end, chamber, and make following part of the new fire grate of staying of this chamber and the distributor chamber that communicates with described new fire grate, separate airtightly with the remainder of this air chamber of this Cowper hot-blast stove, just may reduce the unnecessary wasted space in this regenerator, thereby also shorten preheating required idle time.Like this by the present invention just may, such as being separated out the whole gas compartment of staying between old fire grate and the new distributor chamber.If desired, be separated out this structure of the unnecessary gas compartment, can be used to support the wall between combustion chamber and the regenerator by it.
If be ready to stay a part of second-hand brick in regenerator to support new distributor chamber, new fire grate and new heat exchange bed.Then, just need only remove the brick layer on top, promptly only need be removed to described distributor chamber, described fire grate and the desired degree of heat exchange bed by this improvement project.It is the simplest that described method in most of the cases is actually.
By the perforate of entry conductor on this Cowper formula hot blast furnace wall, or, cold blast furnace air is directly introduced this distributor chamber by the entry conductor that the gas compartment that separates without the old distributor chamber with this bottom, chamber imports new distributor chamber is set.And this blast furnace air intake conduit can be used as the delivery pipe of chilled heated air again.Be provided with if be ready the air inlet pipe of air to be separated.
Thereby improved hot-blast stove of the present invention preferably has a Heat Room.Above the fire grate or be arranged in the bed that forms a bulk material between each fire grate in this Heat Room top, hot gas and the gas of desiring to be preheated alternately flow through it in being arranged in described Heat Room top.
By another embodiment of the present invention, can make the modernization of old-fashioned Cowper hot-blast stove in such a way simply: in fact say to be exactly to remove fully as the piled bricks of accumulation of heat thing operation and with horizontal airtight bulkhead these top and the bottom, chamber are separated.Perforate on the old partition wall between combustion chamber and regenerator bottom, thus gas passage between two Room formed.These holes must be little of preventing that the accumulation of heat thing from moving on to the degree in the combustion chamber.Another the vertical partition wall parallel with above-mentioned partition wall and first road partition wall that is connected with hole is located in the regenerator separatedly, and the mode of setting is the accumulation of heat thing that is adapted to this hot-blast stove operation quantity can be arranged in the space of this two roads partition wall formation.Described accumulation of heat thing forms energy storage bed in the space that this two partition wall is limited, by this bed, the air that heated air blasts with desiring to be heated alternately flows.Second partition wall is such as available steel, because flow through its gas or the enough cold air that blasts, or chilled heated air.
Old-fashioned Cowper formula stove can also be such the method modernization: remove the partition wall between combustion chamber and regenerator basically fully; And in the furnace shell of the Cowper formula stove that lining is arranged, forming new combustion chamber, described new combustion chamber is preferably coaxial with furnace shell.Must be by such as refractory materials such as refractory brick, ceramic materials by partition wall that this combustion chamber limited, or such as using the steel coated with the brick layer to constitute.Around constituting new combustion chamber like this, enclose with second partition wall coaxial with it.Described second partition wall can with the material that is fit to such condition for example steel constitute.Energy storage bed is located in this garden week space.Annular gas space, garden results between this annular space that is filled with the accumulation of heat thing and Cowper furnace shell, and heated air is passed second partition wall with this space from burner and infeeded the passage with accumulation of heat thing.Only need be by described layout (wherein used heat exchange material is pellet or undersized inserts solids, such as being of a size of 1-50mm) than the used much smaller regenerator of common Cowper formula stove.Constitute new regenerator by this way: promptly it highly only is the 5-50% of original regenerator.(new heat storage betwixt is a quite thin layer when new fire grate, promptly less than the brick packing layer) when being set at old Cowper shell bottom, just can make this process in furnace shell top complete closed, thereby this upper zone is left a blank, if require like this, then can be with its plus-pressure to required pressure, firm when keeping ambient pressure thereby the member that constitutes midfeather no longer must resemble the upper zone that is spaced.Certainly the top of now having left a blank also can be removed fully.
This has dwindled the harmful void gas space in the used regenerator part once more greatly.Because of being provided with in this improved Cowper formula hot-blast stove that new heat exchange thing can shorten heat-exchange periodic, if by can be by in left space, this heat exchange bed being arranged to an as far as possible little space, then will increase quite a few harmful idle time, the member that these Cowper formula hot-blast stove top and the bottom are separated, if desired, can be used to by the new partition wall of its upper support.
By arranging that in around the annular space of combustion chamber the accumulation of heat thing has formed energy storage bed, its cross-sectional area is very big, and its bed thickness is then very little, because bed thickness is little, then can keep the very little pressure loss on whole bed.On the other hand, do not consider the bed thickness that this is little, because this has big cross section, gas is to the available heat exchange of accumulation of heat thing, or the accumulation of heat thing just is guaranteed to the heat exchange of gas.
The thickness of heat exchange bed depends on the wherein used inserts solids or the size and dimension of pellet.The thickness of new-type energy storage bed is generally the 5-50% of used in advance brick layer thickness.By adopting the bed that constitutes by for example ceramic grain of pelletiod material, just may form cumulative volume or the sizable heat exchange area of gross weight with respect to bed.The bed that constitutes with 10mm pebble stone reaches about 360m
2/ m
3The ratio of heat exchange area/cumulative volume.Heat exchange area depends on the size of little gravel.With the gravel of 5mm, above-mentioned ratio is 720m
2/ m
3Energy storage bed of the present invention forms such as available gravel, its diameter with less than 10mm for well.This material therefore can by, such as the material manufacturing that is used to produce refractory brick, this material also is applicable to heat exchange.
When adopting pellet material or little bulk solids particle, and when not adopting brick, required accumulation of heat object is long-pending because of its superior heat transfer sheet area/volume ratio, and is much smaller when adopting conventional high piled bricks filler, and hot-blast stove has kept identical ability.The little particle size of this material also can be carried out fully effectively heat exchange in trundle bed.Yet this material must be such: it forms a fixed bed rather than a fluidized-bed.By the present invention, can adopt much shorter than the conventional brick layer that adopts in the Cowper formula hot-blast stove, very short energy storage bed.Be about 30m at cross-sectional area
2Conventional Cowper hot-blast stove in, this height is generally about 30m.The height of same effective bed of the present invention is at 30m
2Be generally 2-8m on the horizontal fire grate.Press the size and the shape of inserts solids, may need thicker bed sometimes.Yet the energy storage bed less than 15m is normally enough.
The flow resistance that bed produced that bulk material or bulk solids particle form than, such as, the resistance height that accumulation of heat piled bricks is equally highly produced.Use device of the present invention, by forming the flow resistance of avoiding higher of being easy to of the heat transferring medium effect of getting up, this be because compare with the piled bricks of corresponding efficient less comparatively speaking height/diameter than and the available heat exchange that produces reduces the flow resistance in this is corresponding.By adopting device of the present invention, with the quality of less bed formed with the Cowper hot-blast stove at the same big heat exchange area of this area of the formed heat exchange of raft brick.
It is littler than the pressure reduction with the heat-exchanger rig of brick filler/layer of routine that pressure differential in the energy storage bed of the present invention is easy to become.At 100000m
3During the gas flow of n/h, pressure reduction reduces 5KPa meaning shape and and year save an about 300000FIM.
When adopting improvement Cowper hot-blast stove of the present invention, in this device, it is as many with conventional thick and heavy brick filler heap that the bed that one tool is little provides, and in order to transmit the heat transfer sheet area of a certain amount of energy, just may shorten the actual heating and the time of warm-up phase widely.On the other hand, owing to shortened heating and preheating time, the also available previous little bed operating of this device.Also owing to use device of the present invention, make idle time shorter than the idle time with conventional Cowper formula hot-blast stove, so just may shorten heating and preheating time, this has improved the efficient of heating process once more.
Because so high heat exchange ratio, in device of the present invention, also reached the less gas and the temperature difference that becomes the bed storeroom, one-tenth bed material in this device is heated to as far as possible near the temperature that is added overheated gas, correspondingly, the gas of desiring to be preheated then is heated to above with the Cowper hot-blast stove with amount with temperature that combustion value fuel and Re Shi were reached.This gas of desiring to be preheated can be heated to even only hang down 10 ℃ approximately than the temperature of heated air, such as, low 10-20 ℃ temperature.
Hot-blast stove of the present invention makes a kind of with a little energy storage bed that is easy to clear up and the modern preferred methods of old Cowper stove is implemented.When this factory has such as 4 blast funnace hot blast stoves, then can make the operation continuously with all strength of this blast furnace by three hot-blast stoves, arrange a hot-blast stove to carry out modernization simultaneously, and do not disturb this main procedure by the present invention.
Can from this hot-blast stove, remove blast furnace dust, such as, annual, change the bed of this hot-blast stove whereby and clear up a material one by one.Little gravel that this quilt is made dirty or other loose fragment are got rid of from this device, such as entering truck, transport then so that clear up.Can be used in next hot-blast stove when maintenance period replacing hot blast siege material after the gravel of clearing up, effectively the heat exchange and the little pressure loss are ensured in this hot-blast stove like this in this wise.
By the following examples, the present invention is described in more detail in conjunction with consulting accompanying drawing, among the figure:
Fig. 1 schematically illustrates the vertical cross section through modern hot-blast stove of the present invention;
Fig. 2 illustrates the cross section of cutting open along the A-A line of Fig. 1 device;
Fig. 3 shows the cross section of cutting open along the B-B line of Fig. 1 device;
Fig. 4 shows second kind of vertical section through modern hot-blast stove of the present invention;
Fig. 5 show Fig. 4 device along cross section that the A-A line is cut open;
Fig. 6-8 shows other the vertical section through modern hot-blast stove of some the present invention;
Fig. 9 shows the vertical cross-section through modern hot-blast stove of the present invention.
Fig. 1,2 and 3 illustrate a kind of modernized hot-blast stove 10 that is used for preheating blast furnace air, and described hot-blast stove comprises the box hat member 12 of a tower shape, and there is brick setting 14 its inboard.This tower shape member has two chambers 16 and 18.
The bottom of narrow chamber 16 is provided with the entry conductor 22 of blast furnace gas entry conductor 20 and combustion air.Gas burner 24 communicates with described two gas conduits, and with the combustion air blast furnace gas that burns, so that improve the temperature of this gas and form heated air.Blast furnace air outlet duct 26 through heating is located at this gas burner top.This narrow chamber portion thereon communicates with the gas compartment 28 of the vault of this chamber, (this vault links to each other narrow chamber with wide chamber), promptly communicates with regenerator 18.
In the bottom of regenerator 18, the conduit 38 that has an original distributor chamber 32 and original fire grate 34 and to link to each other with perforate 36 in the distributor chamber, this conduit plays a part heated air delivery channel and cold blast furnace air intake conduit.
Regenerator is provided with a new fire grate 40, is provided with new distributor chamber 42 in 1/4th places, the top on described original fire grate down at it.This fire grate is supporting the pellet energy storage bed 44 that plays the heat storage effect.The upper surface of described energy storage bed 44 extends to the place, top near the partition wall 50 between two Room.46 usefulness walls, 48 airtight intervals, space between old fire grate 34 and the new distributor chamber 42.Described wall 48 is supporting the wall 50 between two Room.Open an opening 52 on new distributor chamber, described opening communicates with conduit 54, and cold blast furnace air can be introduced distributor chamber by means of it, maybe can from then on chilled heated air be discharged in the hot-blast stove by it.Certainly also can adopt different input blast furnace air and discharge the conduit of chilled heated air.The chamber 18 of broad is provided with and is used for cold blast furnace air and chilled heated air, connects the communicating pipe 56 of original distributor chamber 32 and new distributor chamber 42.The gas compartment 46 extensions of described communicating pipe 56 through being spaced apart.
The improved blast funnace hot blast stove that meets Fig. 1 moves by this way: blast furnace gas and combustion air are conducted to the bottom of narrow chamber 16 through conduit 20 and 22, gas normal pressure ground or through the pressurization ground warp it introduces gas burner 24.Make blast furnace gas burning and form the heated air of 1200 °-1700 ℃ heat, the top of this narrow chamber of gas flow, and then flow to regenerator 18 through the gas compartment 28.The heated air energy storage bed 44 of flowing through is to the accumulation of heat thing heat release that is made of pellet.
This heated air that is chilled to 150-400 ℃ of temperature flow to distributor chamber 42 through fire grate 40, and thus, this gas flows out through conduit 54, or flows in the tube connector 56 of original distributor chamber 32 in succession, so from the chamber 32 through opening 36 and conduit 38 dischargings.Through 30 minutes, make the upper surface of a material almost to reach inlet temperature 1200-1700 ℃ of heated air with this heated air heating heat storage whereby, after this close the inlet of heated air to described hot-blast stove.The composition of this gas is depended in the raising of temperature.
After the end of input of heated air, beginning is 50-200 ℃ through conduit 54 and/or 38 to regenerator top input temp, and pressure surpasses the cold blast furnace air of atmospheric pressure 0.5-4 crust.Cold blast furnace air is flowed through fire grate 40 and energy storage bed 44 to this top, chamber, thereby is heated to the temperature that is almost heat-storing material.Through the blast furnace air of heating, can be oxygen-enriched air such as it, narrow chamber, flow down from the gas compartment 28 that communicates with this chamber to delivery pipe 26, from here, after about 1 minute, when pressure fully improves, it can be used as air blast and supplies in blast furnace fuel, in this this details not shown in the figures.
If when an enough big fire grate and a horizontal energy storage bed can not be set in the improved hot-blast stove of desire, then described energy storage bed can be set between the twice vertical wall.Even very large vertical fire grate also can be placed in original regenerator.
The improved hot-blast stove 110 of a kind of usefulness of Figure 4 and 5 diagram vertical fire grate of the present invention, the air stream of heated air and desire heating therein is horizontal direction with the air-flow that is located at the energy storage bed 144 between two vertical wall.Figure 4 and 5 adopt three bit digital labels, and wherein first is 1, when may the time after the used label of the corresponding component of device of two digits and Fig. 1-3 corresponding.
And the hot-blast stove that adapts of Fig. 4 in energy storage bed 144 be arranged between the fire grate 140 and 141 on top 119 of regenerator.Fire grate in hot side is made with ceramic body with holes, and it bears the temperature of heated air.The fire grate of this hot side is preferably built on the old partition wall 150, and the wall that this road is arranged in the Cowper stove is separated from each other combustion chamber 116 and regenerator 118.Second fire grate 140 at cold side is made such as available steel plate with holes.
The top board 151 that covers whole old Cowper formula stove cross section is located at the energy storage bed top, has prevented to flow through this bed from the top and reach the combustion chamber from the air-flow of regenerator 118 by means of it.This top board preferably is provided with like this: the best and airtight separation in the space under it in the useless space on it.Except that air-tightness, often also require this top board that the ability of bearing pressure is arranged.
Fig. 6 illustrates the third improved hot-blast stove 210 of the present invention.It is 2 parts that label among the figure removes three-figure first, and all the other all conform to back two of label among Fig. 4.
Press the embodiment of Fig. 6, this energy storage bed is placed between two fire grates 240 and 241, and wherein a fire grate 240 tilts to install in such a way: this upper level cross-sectional area is greater than the horizontal cross-sectional area of its underpart.Like this, influence the distribution of the gas that flows through this energy storage bed with regard to the thickness of available bed.
The characteristic of this energy storage bed also is subjected to forming this two or more different materials as total pressure loss or heat exchange characteristics, as the influence of the particle of different size and shape.Press the layout of Fig. 6, wherein the shape of solid material and quantity are that different other districts 244 and 245 of two branches is formed between two fire grates.Lower region is with solid material A, and the district of higher position constitutes with solid material B.By regulating the not size of same district, just can regulate the operation of whole bed.
Such as in the embodiment of Fig. 4, if desired, can between fire grate, form two vertical area.For making total pressure differential reach even increase, can select a kind of one-tenth bed material that is positioned at hot side, pressure differential wherein is higher than the pressure differential of cold side, and this material is to the effect that improves pressure reduction this effect less than the one-tenth bed material that is selected to cold side.
Fig. 7 illustrate of the present invention the 4th kind through improved hot-blast stove.First in three figure places is 3, has used the corresponding label with preceding figure among the described figure.Press the embodiment of Fig. 7, meeting Fig. 1's, the scheme that energy storage bed is arranged on the horizontal fire grate is provided with the vertical bed part that accords with Fig. 4 additionally, can increase this total flow cross-sectional area by means of it, and its floating degree and the pressure loss reduce to the dimensional requirement under the stable condition by any simultaneously.
Press the embodiment of Fig. 7, on the one hand the top of this regenerator is provided with a horizontal fire grate 340, and is provided with a horizontal energy storage bed 344 on described fire grate, on the other hand, it also be provided with two vertical fire grates 341 with 339 and be in during vertical energy storage bed 345.The gas that a part flows into distributor chamber 342 contacts with horizontal energy storage bed 344 through horizontal fire grate 340, and then the gas compartment 328 of this chamber vault of flowing through flow to combustion chamber 316 down.The gas that second portion flows into distributor chamber 342 infeeds and contacts with vertical energy storage bed 345 through the first vertical fire grate 339, and then flows through the second vertical fire grate 341 and enter 316, the two strands of gases that are preheated in narrow chamber and join at this.
By adopting the embodiment of Fig. 7, compared with the embodiment of FIG. 1 be to have increased as the cross-sectional area of hott bed, for the little pressure loss, this is favourable when accomplishing this.Yet press the embodiment of Fig. 7, just need top board for resembling the embodiment that has Fig. 4 and 6 vertical fire grate.And air all infeeds through vertical fire grate in the above-mentioned embodiment.
Press the embodiment of Fig. 8 again, target also is intended to improve the cross-sectional area of energy storage bed, and method is that this branch to two is positioned on the fire grate 439 and 440 on the different level.The vault that the gas of upper fire-grating 440 and bed 444 of flowing through flows through this chamber arrives combustion chamber 416.The gas of lower fire grating 439 and bed 445 of flowing through flows through the hole 451 that is formed in the wall 450 and arrives combustion chambers 416.Gas also can be left the bed through the channel isolation (not shown), passes distributor chamber 442, and fire grate 440 and bed 444 arrive this chamber vault 428, thereby no longer need perforate on partition wall 450.
Fig. 9 illustrates the 4th kind of hot-blast stove 510 that has improved of the present invention.When possibility, three-figure first in label is 5, available three same labels employed in figure 4.
Fig. 9 illustrate be used for preheated air through improved Cowper formula hot-blast stove 510, it comprises that an inside is lined with the turriform box hat member 512 of brick setting (514), the partition wall of original hot-blast stove is cancelled, brick filler heap also is cancelled.
By this modernized improvement project, this turriform member is divided into top 518 and bottom 520 by central dividing plate 516.Leave a blank in top, if need it to be forced into required pressure, firm when being maintained at ambient pressure thereby this central dividing plate member needn't resemble this top that is spaced.If desired, the wall on top can be supported by the masonry that other adds, such as supporting with the material that can spray.Top cancel all that also can this is empty.
The bottom of this hot-blast stove is provided with the combustion chamber 522 of garden cylindricality and around its regenerator 524, regenerator 524 is made of annular space 526 and 528.Be provided with the energy storage bed 530 that constitutes by pellet in the inner most annular space.
The gas burner 536 that communicates with blast furnace gas entry conductor 538 and air intake conduit 540 is housed in the bottom, combustion chamber.Delivery channel 542 is equipped with on the top of combustion chamber.Blast furnace gas and air intake conduit the two and all be provided with the valve that is used to open and close these conduits through the delivery channel of the air of preheating, these valves are not shown among this figure.
The annular space nearest from the combustion chamber of this regenerator defined by first wall 532 and second wall 544.Second wall is made such as the suitable heat proof material that is suitable for making the fire grate plate with steel plate with holes, firm thin steel mesh or similar structures.Perforation 546 on this steel plate generally is the garden, or size is such as the narrow slit that is 2 * 200mm.
Pellet or the energy storage bed 526 that is constituted such as pebble stone are disposed between the fire grate that is made of wall 532 and 544.The size of these particles can even only be 2-10mm, thereby the size of the perforate/perforation of this fire grate certainly will be selected like this: this size does not make the accumulation of heat thing by these holes.Also available bigger solids of this energy storage bed on the other hand constitute as size even the steel ball that can be 50mm.
Installation for blast furnace gas delivery channel 548 through cooling off and cold air or desire are arranged in the outermost annular space 528 of this regenerator by the inlet tube 550 of the air of heat in advance.Described conduit also is provided with the valve that opens and closes this pipe.Not shown in the drawings these valves.
The method of operation that meets the blast furnace factory hot-blast stove of Fig. 9 is: by conduit 538 and 540 blast furnace gas and combustion air are conducted to gas burner 536, produce 1200-1700 ℃ heated air therein.Heated air flows to combustion chamber 522.Close the valve of exhaust manifolds 542, thereby hot gas flows to the annular space 526 of regenerator 524 through the perforate 534 of first partition wall 532, simultaneously to 530 heat releases of accumulation of heat thing.Temperature is chilled to 150-400 ℃ gas and flows to outermost layer annular space 528 through second partition wall 544, and then through gas vent conduit 548, such as flowing to chimney.After about 30 minutes, be heated to the temperature that is almost heated air when the accumulation of heat thing, during generally than its low 10-20 ℃, close the valve of blast furnace gas and combustion air and the valve of gas vent conduit, and the valve in the air intake conduit is opened, and about 50-200 ℃ the pressurization inlet air that exceeds normal pressure 0.5-4 crust enters and reaches this hot-blast stove outermost portion from this valve.Intake air can be an oxygen-enriched air.When pressure increases enough highly, after general one minute, open the delivery channel valve 542 that is preheated air, thereby perforate, energy storage bed 530 that air begins through second partition wall 544 flow to the combustion chamber with the perforate of first partition wall 532, and then flow to the fuel of blast-furnace equipment.When flowing through energy storage bed, the temperature of air almost reaches the temperature of energy storage bed.Reduce to predetermined temperature when following when this temperature, close air intake and delivery channel, open the entry conductor of blast furnace gas and combustion air again and form heated air so that energy storage bed by reheating.
Device of the present invention is suitable for pressurized, and its preferably band pressure use continuously.Use the blast furnace gas band pressed in burner, so thus as heated air for the pressure in the hot-blast stove that need not to be reduced in the regenerator of normal pressure between air blast association and heating period.
Under the pressure that surpasses high pressure 1-3 crust, strengthened greatly from the heat exchange of blast furnace gas to this.It also is effective that the band of air blast is pressed heat exchange.Blast pressure can be the 3-4 crust, or even 5 crust.Because band is pressed, can shorten heating and warming up period.In addition when supercharging with decompression phase fully phases out or when shortening at least greatly, obviously reduce idle time.By pressing, use the compression shock of the blast furnace that often produces owing to pressure oscillation when having hot-blast stove now to be avoided at the heating period band.
The present invention does not plan to be limited in the above-mentioned illustrative embodiment, and it can be changed in the appended invention principle that claim limited.
Thereby the present invention can be applicable in this class hot-blast stove: so-called therein burning and regenerator are placed in one and separate, and be adjacent, in the casing component that the top communicates.
Claims (18)
1, is used for the modernized regenerative hot blast stove that the preheating blast-furnace equipment is gone into furnace gases and similar thermal process, two or more described hot-blast stoves are used to by the heated air process of preheating blast furnace air or similar gas discontinuously, this hot-blast stove comprises two and is arranged in the belt material furnace shell, and the chamber that communicates with each other (16,116,216,316,416,522; 18,218,318,418,524), wherein
-the first Room (16,116,216,316,416,522), be the combustion chamber, be provided with the delivery channel (26,226,326,426) of in this hot-blast stove heated blast furnace air or similar gas and from the blast furnace gas of blast furnace or the entry conductor of similar gas (20,120; 220,320,420);
-the second Room (18,218,318,418,524); It is regenerator, be provided with accumulation of heat thing (44,144,244,344,345,444,445,530), this accumulation of heat thing alternately is heated gas heating and to heated blast furnace air in this hot-blast stove or similar gas heat release, and this regenerator also is provided with to this chamber cold blast furnace air or similar gas is provided, and the conduit (38,138,238,338,438) of chilled heated air is discharged in this chamber certainly, it is characterized in that:
-this hot-blast stove is contained in the furnace shell (12,112,212,312,412,512) of former hot-blast stove, has removed former accumulation of heat thing at least in part from this former hot-blast stove, such as brick;
-this accumulation of heat thing is furnished with the energy storage bed (44,144,244,245,344,345,444,445,530) that is made of thin material, the ratio of heat exchange area and volume is greater than this corresponding ratio of this former regenerative hot blast stove, and the volume of required this energy storage bed of accumulation of heat is less than 50% of this used accumulation of heat packing layer volume of premodern.
2, the modernized hot-blast stove of claim 1 is characterized in that
-in this blast-furnace equipment, on fire grate level or basic horizontal (40,340,439,440) in this regenerator (18,318,418) energy storage bed (44,344,444,445) is housed, and is
-under this fire grate (40,340,439,440), be provided with and the blast furnace air sent into distributor chamber and discharged the conduit (38,338,438 of heated air from this chamber; 54,354, the 454) distributor chamber that communicates (42,342,442,443).
3, the modernized hot-blast stove of claim 1 is characterized in that: between two the vertical or almost vertical fire grates (140,141,240,241,339,341) in this regenerator this energy storage bed is housed.
4, the modernized hot-blast stove of claim 3 is characterized in that: one of this vertical fire grate is to install as the ennation of the partition wall between spontaneous combustion chamber and the regenerator (150,250,350).
5, claim 2 or 3 modernized hot-blast stove is characterized in that: the portion gas space (46) that remains in the following former regenerator of this distributor chamber (42) separates with the remainder of an airtight wall (48) and this gas compartment.
6, the modernized hot-blast stove of claim 5, it is characterized in that: the entry conductor of cold blast furnace air and the delivery channel of chilled heated air in conjunction with and form a tube connector (56), it passes the gas compartment (46) that is spaced airtightly from this distributor chamber (42) and reaches under the fire grate (34) this bottom, chamber.
7, claim 2 or 3 modernized hot-blast stove, it is characterized in that: this fire grate is arranged on the first half of this regenerator.
8, claim 2 or 3 modernized hot-blast stove, it is characterized in that: this fire grate is arranged on the Lower Half of this regenerator.
9, the hot-blast stove of claim 1 is characterized in that:
-combustion chamber (522) and regenerator (524) are separated each other it by first partition wall (532), and partition wall (532) is provided with hole (534), and this two Room communicates with each other through this hole;
Second partition wall (544) substantially parallel with first partition wall is housed in-the regenerator (524), and this wall (544) is provided with hole (546), and this wall is divided into two parts (526,528) with this regenerator; And
-accumulation of heat thing (530) is made of bulk material or bulk material, and is arranged between first and second partition walls in this regenerator as energy storage bed.
10, the hot-blast stove of claim 9 is characterized in that: being connected between this regenerator in this hot-blast stove top and this combustion chamber is closely;
Partition wall between combustion chamber and regenerator (532) is provided with the hole, so that two Room are communicated; Also be in regenerator, to be provided with the new partition wall (544) of tape punching/hole, this wall (544) basically with two Room between partition wall (532) parallel.
11, the hot-blast stove of claim 9 is characterized in that: combustion chamber (522) roughly are contained in this furnace shell middle part coaxially with this furnace shell.
12, the hot-blast stove of claim 11 is characterized in that: this regenerator forms an annular space around this combustion chamber (526,528).
13, the hot-blast stove of claim 12 is characterized in that: this energy storage bed is located in the annular space (526) between two coaxial partition walls (532,544) in this combustion chamber.
14, the hot-blast stove of claim 12 is characterized in that: be provided with the energy storage bed of fine material in this regenerator, the ratio of the heat exchange area of described energy storage bed and volume is greater than 300m
2/ m
3
15, the hot-blast stove of claim 1 is characterized in that: this energy storage bed is formed by solids, and its specific area is consistent less than the specific area of the globular solids particle of 10mm with diameter.
16, the hot-blast stove of claim 1 is characterized in that: this energy storage bed is formed by two kinds of more kinds of solids.
17, the hot-blast stove of claim 1 is characterized in that: being used to form the solids of this energy storage bed or the material of pellet is ceramic material.
18, claim 8 or 9 hot-blast stove is characterized in that: constitute this hot-blast stove in former Cowper formula hot-blast stove bottom, whereby-gas compartment on former hot-blast stove top separates with compression-member and this hot-blast stove bottom; And
The pressure on-this gas compartment top is equal to or higher than the pressure of surrounding space.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 93103083 CN1077276A (en) | 1993-02-13 | 1993-02-13 | Be used for for example hot-blast stove of blast furnace air of preheated air |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 93103083 CN1077276A (en) | 1993-02-13 | 1993-02-13 | Be used for for example hot-blast stove of blast furnace air of preheated air |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1077276A true CN1077276A (en) | 1993-10-13 |
Family
ID=4984467
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 93103083 Pending CN1077276A (en) | 1993-02-13 | 1993-02-13 | Be used for for example hot-blast stove of blast furnace air of preheated air |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1077276A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103509903A (en) * | 2012-06-20 | 2014-01-15 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Phase-change heat storage type high-air-temperature hot blast stove |
| CN105674782A (en) * | 2016-03-10 | 2016-06-15 | 祝铭泽 | Solid heat accumulation device |
| CN108662772A (en) * | 2017-03-30 | 2018-10-16 | 四川江铜资源综合利用有限公司 | A kind of biomass fuel hot air stove and its building method |
-
1993
- 1993-02-13 CN CN 93103083 patent/CN1077276A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103509903A (en) * | 2012-06-20 | 2014-01-15 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Phase-change heat storage type high-air-temperature hot blast stove |
| CN103509903B (en) * | 2012-06-20 | 2015-09-02 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Phase-change heat storage type high-air-temperature hot blast stove |
| CN105674782A (en) * | 2016-03-10 | 2016-06-15 | 祝铭泽 | Solid heat accumulation device |
| CN108662772A (en) * | 2017-03-30 | 2018-10-16 | 四川江铜资源综合利用有限公司 | A kind of biomass fuel hot air stove and its building method |
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| C01 | Deemed withdrawal of patent application (patent law 1993) | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |