CN107727650A - The method for detecting soil available phosphorus content - Google Patents
The method for detecting soil available phosphorus content Download PDFInfo
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- CN107727650A CN107727650A CN201711225957.6A CN201711225957A CN107727650A CN 107727650 A CN107727650 A CN 107727650A CN 201711225957 A CN201711225957 A CN 201711225957A CN 107727650 A CN107727650 A CN 107727650A
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
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- G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method for detecting soil available phosphorus content, comprise the following steps：1) pedotheque to be measured is taken, dries and is ground to powdered；2) leaching agent is prepared；3) powder made from step 1) is put into ether, 3~8min is stirred with 150r~350r/min speed, filtering, thick liquid is made；4) available phosphorus prepare liquid is prepared；5) developer is prepared；6) standard phosphorus solution is prepared；7) extinction value of available phosphorus prepare liquid is determined；8) extinction value of bioassay standard phosphorus solution；9) standard curve is drawn；(10) according to the extinction value of test solution, the content of available phosphorus is checked in from standard curve, the inventive method, specifically for the characteristic of acid soil, using ammonium acid fluoride and sulfuric acid as leaching agent, recovery rate is high, and the degree of accuracy for measuring available phosphorus is high.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agriculture test technical field, specifically a kind of method for detecting soil available phosphorus content.
Background technology
Soil is a kind of complicated synthesis being made up of biological and abiotic key element, be soil parent material weather, biology,
Under the influence of shape, the physics that continues over time and occur, chemistry, the change in biological property, formation have certain section
The history nature body of form, inwardness and fertility characteristics.And soil fertility is soil physical chemistry factor and biological factor etc.
The result of comprehensive function, the ability that soil provides nutrition and environmental condition for plant growth can be reflected.Available phosphorus is soil
The important chemical index of fertility, phosphorus are one of indispensable nutrients of growth and development of plants, and it is both many in plant
The component of important organic compounds, while participate in various metabolic processes in plant in many ways again.Phosphorus to high crop yield and
Keeping the good characteristic of kind has obvious effect.Bureau of agriculture, Lin Kesuodeng administrative service divisions carry out nursery, plant culture,
The available phosphorus content being both needed to before the work such as fertilising in the nutritional ingredient it is to be understood that in soil, particularly soil, so can just have
Pointedly carry out selecting the kind of plantation and reasonably configure the related works such as the component of fertilising.So to available phosphorus in soil
The accurate detection of content has great influence to work such as seed selection, nursery, cultivation, fertilisings.
And in the prior art, the soil leaching agent species for detecting available phosphorus in soil is more.Traditional available phosphorus inspection
Survey method, either acid soil or basic soil, will be so soaked as main leaching agent using sodium acid carbonate
Take the specific aim of agent not strong, have influence on the result precision of detection, it will largely effect on the development of related work.
The content of the invention
Deficiency for more than, the present invention provide the detection soil that a kind of detection method is simple, detection Numerical accuracy is high
The method of available phosphorus content, comprises the following steps：
To achieve the above object, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：
A kind of method for detecting soil available phosphorus content, comprises the following steps：
1) pedotheque to be measured is taken, dries and is ground to powdered；
2) prepared by leaching agent：By NH4HF2Leaching agent is mixed and made into sulfuric acid solution；
3) powder made from step 1) is put into ether, 3~8min, mistake is stirred with 150r~350r/min speed
Filter, thick liquid is made；
4) leaching agent made from step 2) is added to thick liquid made from step 3), shake centrifugation 10 after 5-12min~
20min and stand 1h, Aspirate supernatant, centrifugation waste residue with distillation water washing after filter, reclaim filtrate, merge the supernatant with
The filtrate, secondary filter is carried out, available phosphorus prepare liquid is made, it is standby；
5) prepared by developer：Developer is made in sulphuric acid leaching solution, molybdenum propylhomoserin and mixed in hydrochloric acid；
6) prepared by standard phosphorus solution：Weigh anhydrous potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.4391g to be dissolved in 1000ml distilled water, stir,
It can be prepared by standard phosphorus solution；
7) extinction value of available phosphorus prepare liquid and the extinction value of standard phosphorus solution are determined respectively；
8) standard curve is drawn, and is the content for checking in available phosphorus from standard curve according to the extinction value of test solution.
In such scheme, further, method prepared by the step 2) leaching agent can be：The 25ml concentration is taken to be
2mol/L NH4HF2 and 35ml concentration is 4.5mol/L sulfuric acid solution, is put into agitator, then adds 12ml concentration and is
2.5mol/L molybdenum propylhomoserin, in 50-65 DEG C of water-bath, 5~10min is stirred, leaching agent is made.
In such scheme, the preparation method of developer described in step 5) can be：By 190~350ml sulphuric acid leaching
Solution is slowly added into 500ml distilled water, the molybdenum propylhomoserin that concentration is 15g/ml~20g/ml is added, with 0.2mol/L hydrochloric acid
Solution is settled to 2L and produced.
In such scheme, it is further preferred that the concentration of the molybdenum propylhomoserin can be 18g/ml.
In such scheme, in step 7), the assay method of the extinction value of the available phosphorus prepare liquid is：Use pipette, extract
In available phosphorus prepare liquid 10ml injection 50ml colorimetric cylinders described in step 4), the developer described in step 5) is added, jumps a queue, shakes
It is even, colorimetric cylinder is placed in the water-bath of boiling and heated 10 minutes, taking-up is cooled to room temperature, is diluted with water to 50ml and fully shakes
It is even, after 10 minutes, with spectrophotometer under 650nm, with 1cm liquid baths, zero point is adjusted with water, determines extinction value.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are：
This detection method can select correct leaching agent for the characteristic of acid soil exactly, i.e., using hydrogen fluoride
Ammonium and sulfuric acid, to detect the available phosphorus content in acid soil, while are carried as leaching agent using acidic fluoridated hydrogen ammonium
Take.Compared with prior art, it is high to detection accuracy height, the recovery rate of available phosphorus content in soil, and operating method is simple, has
Beneficial to promoting.
Embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated with reference to specific embodiment, but the present invention is not limited only to following examples.
Embodiment 1
The method for detecting soil available phosphorus content, comprises the following steps：
1) pedotheque to be measured is taken, dries and is ground to powdered；
2) prepared by leaching agent：Take the sulfuric acid that the NH4HF2 and 35ml concentration that 25ml concentration is 2mol/L is 4.5mol/L molten
Liquid, it is put into agitator, then adds the molybdenum propylhomoserin that 12ml concentration is 2.5mol/L, in 50 DEG C of water-baths, stirs 12min, system
Leaching agent is obtained, it is standby；
3) powder made from step 1) is put into ether, 3min is stirred with 350r/min speed, filtering, is made thick
Liquid；
4) leaching agent made from step 2) is added to thick liquid made from step 3), shakes and 20min and quiet is centrifuged after 12min
1h, Aspirate supernatant are put, centrifugation waste residue is reclaimed filtrate, is merged the supernatant and the filtrate with being filtered after distillation water washing,
Secondary filter is carried out, available phosphorus prepare liquid is made, it is standby；
5) prepared by developer：200ml sulphuric acid leaching solution is slowly added into 500ml distilled water, adding concentration is
20g/ml molybdenum propylhomoserin, 2L is settled to 0.2mol/L hydrochloric acid solution；
6) prepared by standard phosphorus solution：Weigh anhydrous potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.4391g to be dissolved in 1000ml distilled water, stir,
It can be prepared by standard phosphorus solution；
7) with the available phosphorus prepare liquid 10ml injection 50ml colorimetric cylinders described in pipette, extract step 4), step 5) is added
Described developer, jumps a queue, and shakes up, and colorimetric cylinder is placed in the water-bath of boiling and heated 10 minutes, and taking-up is cooled to room temperature,
It is diluted with water to 50ml fully to shake up, after 10 minutes, with spectrophotometer under 650nm, with 1cm liquid baths, zero is adjusted with water
Point, determine extinction value；
8) with the standard phosphorus solution 10ml injection 50ml colorimetric cylinders described in pipette, extract step 6), step 5) institute is added
The developer stated, jumps a queue, and shakes up, and colorimetric cylinder is placed in the water-bath of boiling and heated 10 minutes, and taking-up is cooled to room temperature, uses
Water is diluted to 50ml and fully shaken up, and after 10 minutes, with spectrophotometer under 650nm, with 1cm liquid baths, zero point is adjusted with water,
Determine extinction value；
9) Specification Curve of Increasing：5 50ml colorimetric cylinders are taken, weave into 1,2,4,6,8 five number, according to number order adds respectively
Enter standard phosphorus solution 1,2,4,6,8ml, then add distilled water 9,8,6,4,2ml respectively in order.Then to 5 colorimetric cylinder Nei Gejia
Developer 2ml described in step 5), is jumped a queue and shakes up, and goes to fill in, and 5 colorimetric cylinders are placed in the water-bath of boiling and heat 10 points
Clock, taking-up are cooled to room temperature, are diluted with water to 50ml and fully shake up, after 10 minutes, with spectrophotometer meter in wavelength 650nm
Under, with 1cm liquid baths, zero point is adjusted with water, determines extinction value respectively.Using extinction value as ordinate, with phosphorus (0.01,0.02,
0.04th, 0.06,0.08mg) for abscissa draw standard curve；
10) according to the extinction value of test solution, the content of available phosphorus is checked in from standard curve.
Embodiment 2
The method for detecting soil available phosphorus content, is carried out by following steps：
1) pedotheque to be measured is taken, dries and is ground to powdered；
2) prepared by leaching agent：Take the sulfuric acid that the NH4HF2 and 35ml concentration that 25ml concentration is 2mol/L is 4.5mol/L molten
Liquid, it is put into agitator, then adds the molybdenum propylhomoserin that 12ml concentration is 2.5mol/L, in 65 DEG C of water-baths, stirs 10min, system
Leaching agent is obtained, it is standby；
3) powder made from step 1) is put into ether, 8min is stirred with 150r/min speed, filtering, is made thick
Liquid；
4) leaching agent made from step 2) is added to thick liquid made from step 3), shakes and 10min and quiet is centrifuged after 5min
1h, Aspirate supernatant are put, centrifugation waste residue is reclaimed filtrate, is merged the supernatant and the filtrate with being filtered after distillation water washing,
Secondary filter is carried out, available phosphorus prepare liquid is made, it is standby；
5) prepared by developer：300ml sulphuric acid leaching solution is slowly added into 500ml distilled water, adding concentration is
15g/mlg/ml molybdenum propylhomoserin, 2L is settled to 0.2mol/L hydrochloric acid solution；
6) prepared by standard phosphorus solution：Weigh anhydrous potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.4391g to be dissolved in 1000ml distilled water, stir,
It can be prepared by standard phosphorus solution；
7) with the available phosphorus prepare liquid 10ml injection 50ml colorimetric cylinders described in pipette, extract step 4), step 5) is added
Described developer, jumps a queue, and shakes up, and colorimetric cylinder is placed in the water-bath of boiling and heated 10 minutes, and taking-up is cooled to room temperature,
It is diluted with water to 50ml fully to shake up, after 10 minutes, with spectrophotometer under 650nm, with 1cm liquid baths, zero is adjusted with water
Point, determine extinction value；
8) with the standard phosphorus solution 10ml injection 50ml colorimetric cylinders described in pipette, extract step 6), step 5) institute is added
The developer stated, jumps a queue, and shakes up, and colorimetric cylinder is placed in the water-bath of boiling and heated 10 minutes, and taking-up is cooled to room temperature, uses
Water is diluted to 50ml and fully shaken up, and after 10 minutes, with spectrophotometer under 650nm, with 1cm liquid baths, zero point is adjusted with water,
Determine extinction value；
9) Specification Curve of Increasing：5 50ml colorimetric cylinders are taken, weave into 1,2,4,6,8 five number, according to number order adds respectively
Enter standard phosphorus solution 1,2,4,6,8ml, then add distilled water 9,8,6,4,2ml respectively in order.Then to 5 colorimetric cylinder Nei Gejia
Developer 2ml described in step 5), is jumped a queue and shakes up, and goes to fill in, and 5 colorimetric cylinders are placed in the water-bath of boiling and heat 10 points
Clock, taking-up are cooled to room temperature, are diluted with water to 50ml and fully shake up, after 10 minutes, with spectrophotometer meter in wavelength 650nm
Under, with 1cm liquid baths, zero point is adjusted with water, determines extinction value respectively.Using extinction value as ordinate, with phosphorus (0.01,0.02,
0.04th, 0.06,0.08mg) for abscissa draw standard curve；
10) according to the extinction value of test solution, the content of available phosphorus is checked in from standard curve.
Embodiment 3
The method for detecting soil available phosphorus content, is carried out by following steps：
1) pedotheque to be measured is taken, dries and is ground to powdered；
2) prepared by leaching agent：Take the sulfuric acid that the NH4HF2 and 35ml concentration that 25ml concentration is 2mol/L is 4.5mol/L molten
Liquid, it is put into agitator, then adds the molybdenum propylhomoserin that 12ml concentration is 2.5mol/L, in 60 DEG C of water-baths, stirs 8min, be made
Leaching agent, it is standby；
3) powder made from step 1) is put into ether, 5-12min is stirred with 200r/min speed, filtered, is made
Thick liquid；
4) leaching agent made from step 2) is added to thick liquid made from step 3), shakes and 8min and quiet is centrifuged after 10min
1h, Aspirate supernatant are put, centrifugation waste residue is reclaimed filtrate, is merged the supernatant and the filtrate with being filtered after distillation water washing,
Secondary filter is carried out, available phosphorus prepare liquid is made, it is standby；
5) prepared by developer：205ml sulphuric acid leaching solution is slowly added into 500ml distilled water, adding concentration is
18g/ml molybdenum propylhomoserin, 2L is settled to 0.2mol/L hydrochloric acid solution；
6) prepared by standard phosphorus solution：Weigh anhydrous potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.4391g to be dissolved in 1000ml distilled water, stir,
It can be prepared by standard phosphorus solution；
7) with the available phosphorus prepare liquid 10ml injection 50ml colorimetric cylinders described in pipette, extract step 4), step 5) is added
Described developer, jumps a queue, and shakes up, and colorimetric cylinder is placed in the water-bath of boiling and heated 10 minutes, and taking-up is cooled to room temperature,
It is diluted with water to 50ml fully to shake up, after 10 minutes, with spectrophotometer under 650nm, with 1cm liquid baths, zero is adjusted with water
Point, determine extinction value；
8) with the standard phosphorus solution 10ml injection 50ml colorimetric cylinders described in pipette, extract step 6), step 5) institute is added
The developer stated, jumps a queue, and shakes up, and colorimetric cylinder is placed in the water-bath of boiling and heated 10 minutes, and taking-up is cooled to room temperature, uses
Water is diluted to 50ml and fully shaken up, and after 10 minutes, with spectrophotometer under 650nm, with 1cm liquid baths, zero point is adjusted with water,
Determine extinction value；
9) Specification Curve of Increasing：5 50ml colorimetric cylinders are taken, weave into 1,2,4,6,8 five number, according to number order adds respectively
Enter standard phosphorus solution 1,2,4,6,8ml, then add distilled water 9,8,6,4,2ml respectively in order.Then to 5 colorimetric cylinder Nei Gejia
Developer 2ml described in step 5), is jumped a queue and shakes up, and goes to fill in, and 5 colorimetric cylinders are placed in the water-bath of boiling and heat 10 points
Clock, taking-up are cooled to room temperature, are diluted with water to 50ml and fully shake up, after 10 minutes, with spectrophotometer meter in wavelength 650nm
Under, with 1cm liquid baths, zero point is adjusted with water, determines extinction value respectively.Using extinction value as ordinate, with phosphorus (0.01,0.02,
0.04th, 0.06,0.08mg) for abscissa draw standard curve；
10) according to the extinction value of test solution, the content of available phosphorus is checked in from standard curve.
Experimental example
Same soil is sampled, 4 parts are divided under identical environment, a copy of it is used as control using traditional detection method
Group, three parts as experimental groups and are respectively adopted above-described embodiment 1-3 and are detected as detection method in addition；The soil simultaneously
Obtain the numerical value of an accurate available phosphorus content under detection by national authority certification authority, and as a control group and
The reference value of experimental group.
Through experiment, the numerical value that experimental group detects to obtain compared with reference value, Error Absolute Value between 0.01-0.05, and
For the numerical value that control group detects to obtain compared with reference value, Error Absolute Value reaches 0.1 to 0.3.Therefore, it is not difficult to find out.This detection
The numerical value that method detects to obtain is closer to reference value, and the relatively conventional detection method of accuracy is higher.
Claims (5)
1. detect the method for soil available phosphorus content, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
1) pedotheque to be measured is taken, dries and is ground to powdered；
2) prepared by leaching agent：By NH4HF2Leaching agent is mixed and made into sulfuric acid solution；
3) powder made from step 1) is put into ether, 3~8min is stirred with 150r~350r/min speed, filtered, system
Obtain thick liquid；
4) leaching agent made from step 2) is added to thick liquid made from step 3), shake centrifuge after 5-12min 10~20min and
1h, Aspirate supernatant are stood, centrifugation waste residue is reclaimed filtrate, merged the supernatant and the filter with being filtered after distillation water washing
Liquid, secondary filter is carried out, available phosphorus prepare liquid is made, it is standby；
5) prepared by developer：Developer is made in sulphuric acid leaching solution, molybdenum propylhomoserin and mixed in hydrochloric acid；
6) prepared by standard phosphorus solution：Weigh anhydrous potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.4391g to be dissolved in 1000ml distilled water, stir, you can
The standard of being made phosphorus solution；
7) extinction value of available phosphorus prepare liquid and the extinction value of standard phosphorus solution are determined respectively；
8) standard curve is drawn, and is the content for checking in available phosphorus from standard curve according to the extinction value of test solution.
2. the method for detection soil available phosphorus content according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the step 2) leaching agent
The method of preparation is：The sulfuric acid solution that the NH4HF2 and 35ml concentration that 25ml concentration is 2mol/L is 4.5mol/L is taken, is put into and stirs
Mix in device, then add the molybdenum propylhomoserin that 12ml concentration is 2.5mol/L, in 50-65 DEG C of water-bath, stir 5~10min, leaching is made
Take agent.
3. the method for detection soil available phosphorus content according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described aobvious in step 5)
The preparation method of toner is：190~350ml sulphuric acid leaching solution is slowly added into 500ml distilled water, adding concentration is
15g/ml~20g/ml molybdenum propylhomoserin, it is settled to 2L with 0.2mol/L hydrochloric acid solution and produces.
4. the method for detection soil available phosphorus content according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：The concentration of the molybdenum propylhomoserin
For 18g/ml.
5. the method for detection soil available phosphorus content according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described to have in step 7)
The assay method of extinction value for imitating phosphorus prepare liquid is：Injected with the available phosphorus prepare liquid 10ml described in pipette, extract step 4)
In 50ml colorimetric cylinders, the developer described in step 5) is added, jumps a queue, shakes up, colorimetric cylinder is placed in the water-bath of boiling and added
Heat 10 minutes, taking-up are cooled to room temperature, are diluted with water to 50ml and fully shake up, after 10 minutes, with spectrophotometer in 650nm
Under, with 1cm liquid baths, zero point is adjusted with water, determines extinction value.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108414463A (en) * | 2018-03-09 | 2018-08-17 | 西藏自治区农牧科学院农业质量标准与检测研究所 | A method of measuring soil available phosphorus under altitude environment |
| CN113227786A (en) * | 2019-01-15 | 2021-08-06 | 精密种植有限责任公司 | Soil analysis compositions and methods |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106706615A (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2017-05-24 | 马健 | Method of measuring available phosphorus of acidic soil |
-
2017
- 2017-11-29 CN CN201711225957.6A patent/CN107727650A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106706615A (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2017-05-24 | 马健 | Method of measuring available phosphorus of acidic soil |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108414463A (en) * | 2018-03-09 | 2018-08-17 | 西藏自治区农牧科学院农业质量标准与检测研究所 | A method of measuring soil available phosphorus under altitude environment |
| CN113227786A (en) * | 2019-01-15 | 2021-08-06 | 精密种植有限责任公司 | Soil analysis compositions and methods |
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