CN107727244B - A kind of contactless earth's surface temperature-indicating instrument and method - Google Patents

A kind of contactless earth's surface temperature-indicating instrument and method Download PDF

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CN107727244B
CN107727244B CN201711179814.6A CN201711179814A CN107727244B CN 107727244 B CN107727244 B CN 107727244B CN 201711179814 A CN201711179814 A CN 201711179814A CN 107727244 B CN107727244 B CN 107727244B
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earth
radiation
surface temperature
infrared radiometer
long
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CN107727244A (en
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吴骅
张雨泽
房世峰
段四波
李召良
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Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources of CAS
Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning of CAAS
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Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources of CAS
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01JMEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J5/00Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry
    • G01J5/02Constructional details
    • G01J5/0205Mechanical elements; Supports for optical elements
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01JMEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J5/00Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry
    • G01J5/02Constructional details
    • G01J5/06Arrangements for eliminating effects of disturbing radiation; Arrangements for compensating changes in sensitivity

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Radiation Pyrometers (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of contactless earth's surface temperature-indicating instrument and methods, and wherein analyzer includes assembling holder, infrared radiometer, four component net radiometers;Assembling holder is made of support base, armstand and valgus arm;Support base is Collapsible tripod, is fixedly installed on the bottom end of armstand;Valgus arm is vertically installed in the upper end of armstand;Solar panel and central control cabinet are fixedly installed on by equipment clip in armstand, and infrared radiometer and four component net radiometers are fixedly installed on by equipment clip on valgus arm;Infrared radiometer is installed on the side of valgus arm, is convenient for 180 ° of zenith angle and observes vertically downward.Present invention can assure that the measurement accuracy of Downward atmospheric long-wave radiation, and then improve the precision of follow-up earth's surface temperature measuring.In addition, the present invention can effectively eliminate influence of the spectrum heterogeneity of fat pipe earth's surface emissivity wave spectrum to earth's surface temperature estimation, the contactless Accurate Determining of surface temperature is realized.

Description

A kind of contactless earth's surface temperature-indicating instrument and method
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of analyzer and method more particularly to a kind of contactless earth's surface temperature-indicating instrument and methods.
Background technology
Core parameter one of of the surface temperature as remote sensing fields, plays particularly significant in numerous scientific researches Role, most typical application includes the researchs such as the monitoring of Global climate change and ecological environment.In view of surface temperature In the key effect of every field, emphasis and difficult point that ground survey has become correlative study how effectively, are accurately carried out.
Non-contact type measuring method is mainly based upon infrared radiometer development, and basic principle is built upon all temperature height On the basis of the object of absolute zero can emit radiation energy outward.In existing Non-contact Infrared Temperature Measurement method, earth's surface The estimation of temperature mainly corresponds to the equivalent earth's surface transmitting of the fat pipe in spectral response range by the approximate infrared radiometer that obtains Rate and channel direction Downward atmospheric long-wave radiation, the inverse that surface temperature is carried out by radiative transfer model and Planck inverse function are asked Solution, is finally completed the estimation to surface temperature.But there are two obvious technological deficiencies for existing method:
First, the non-lambertian characteristic of Downward atmospheric long-wave radiation affects the measurement accuracy of surface temperature.Under existing method air The acquisition of row radiation is observed come the equivalence value of approximate representation hemisphere by single angle (such as 53 ° of zenith angle) direction.This survey Amount mode causes Downward atmospheric long-wave radiation easily to be influenced by factors such as clouds.When Downward atmospheric long-wave radiation non-lambertian characteristic is more prominent, The measurement accuracy of hemisphere Downward atmospheric long-wave radiation can not be effectively ensured.
Second, the spectrum heterogeneity of earth's surface emissivity affects the measurement accuracy of surface temperature.Existing method is in earth's surface temperature During the inverse of degree, the spectrum heterogeneity of earth's surface emissivity is ignored.Come simply by the equivalent earth's surface emissivity of fat pipe close The spectral dimension effect like caused by inverse can make the deviation of the estimation generation system of surface temperature, especially when infrared radiometer It is more prominent when channel response wider range.
Invention content
In order to solve the shortcoming present in above-mentioned technology, the present invention provides a kind of contactless earth's surface temperature measurings Instrument and method.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:A kind of contactless earth's surface temperature measuring Instrument, including assembling holder, infrared radiometer, four component net radiometers;Holder is assembled by support base, armstand and valgus arm group At;Support base is Collapsible tripod, and support base is fixedly installed on the bottom end of armstand;Valgus arm is vertically installed in the upper of armstand End, valgus arm and armstand are more piece, are convenient for adjustment length or height;
Multiple equipment clip is both provided in armstand and valgus arm, solar panel and central control cabinet pass through equipment Clip is fixedly installed in armstand, and infrared radiometer and four component net radiometers are fixedly installed on valgus arm by equipment clip On;Infrared radiometer is installed on the side of valgus arm, is convenient for 180 ° of zenith angle and observes vertically downward, for Acquisition channel etc. Imitate the liftoff radiation of earth's surface;Four component net radiometers are installed on the opposite one end of infrared radiometer, for obtaining long wave hemisphere air Downlink radiation.
A kind of contactless earth's surface temperature-measuring method, step are:
The assembling and erection of S1, determining instrument:Assembling holder is built according to target location, then installs and adjusts solar energy Solar panel, central control cabinet, infrared radiometer and four component net radiometers, make the long-wave radiation of four component net radiometers pop one's head in It adjusts to level, infrared radiometer is adjusted to zenith angle and observed vertically downward for 180 °;
S2, the acquisition of earth's surface emissivity spectra:The earth's surface emissivity light of target is obtained using Fourier infrared spectrograph measurement Compose ελ
The acquisition of S3, long wave hemisphere Downward atmospheric long-wave radiation:Long-wave radiation probe measurement using four component net radiometers is long Wave hemisphere Downward atmospheric long-wave radiation
The acquisition of S4, the equivalent hemisphere Downward atmospheric long-wave radiation in channel:According to four component net radiometers (7) and infrared radiometer (6) spectral response functions acquired obtain the analogue data under representative condition by radiative transfer model Modtran, establish from Long wave hemisphere Downward atmospheric long-wave radiationTo the equivalent hemisphere Downward atmospheric long-wave radiation in channelTransformation model, realize different instruments Channel matching conversion between observation;Transformation model is as shown in formula one:
Wherein, a, b are conversion of the four component net radiometers (7) to the hemisphere Downward atmospheric long-wave radiation of infrared radiometer (6) Coefficient, statistical regression obtains from Modtran analogue datas;
S5, the liftoff radiation of the equivalent earth's surface in channel acquisition:The liftoff radiation of earth's surface is measured using infrared radiometer (6)
S6, radiation brightness estimation:The liftoff radiation of earth's surface measured using Planck inverse function estimation infrared radiometer (6)Corresponding radiation brightness Tg, i.e.,:
Wherein,It is corresponding Planck inverse function in infrared radiometer spectral response range;c1=1.191 × 108W· μm4·sr-1·m-2And c2=1.439 × 104μm K is constant;λcFor channel center's wavelength, calculation formula is as follows:
Wherein, ∫ is integral sign;λ is wavelength;D λ are differential sign;λ1And λ2For infrared radiometer band response function Wave-length coverage;F (λ) is the band response function of infrared radiometer;
S7, surface temperature are estimated with reference to anchor point value:Calculated liftoff radiation brightness TgSet surface temperature ginseng Examine anchor point valueWithAs shown in formula four, formula five:
Wherein, Δ T is the temperature difference substantially valuation between surface temperature and the liftoff bright temperature of earth's surface;
S8, earth's surface are liftoff, and radiation is estimated with reference to anchor point value:Using radiation transfer equation, in conjunction with the earth's surface emissivity light of acquisition Compose ελ, the equivalent hemisphere Downward atmospheric long-wave radiation in channelAnd infrared radiometer (6) band response function f (λ) calculate earth's surface from Eradiation refers to anchor point valueWithAs shown in formula six, formula seven:
Wherein, λ is the wavelength in the observation channel of infrared radiometer;λ1And λ2For the band response function of infrared radiometer Wave-length coverage;F (λ) is the band response function of infrared radiometer;BλFor the Planck function under wavelength X, expression formula is as follows:
Wherein, c1=1.191 × 108W·μm4·sr-1·m-2And c2=1.439 × 104μm K is constant;T is temperature, Unit is K;
The measurement estimation of S9, surface temperature:It is liftoff with reference to anchor point value and the earth's surface of acquisition using the surface temperature of setting Radiation refers to anchor point value, in conjunction with the Planck function rule that approximately linear changes in certain temperature section, builds surface temperature Interpolation model obtains surface temperature, as shown in formula seven by linear interpolation:
Wherein, TsFor the final tested volume of surface temperature.
The present invention directly measures hemisphere Downward atmospheric long-wave radiation rather than direction Downward atmospheric long-wave radiation, overcomes and makees to atmospheric radiation Lambertian characteristics assume caused drawback, it is ensured that the measurement accuracy of Downward atmospheric long-wave radiation, and then improve follow-up surface temperature The precision of measurement.In addition, the present invention be introduced directly into earth's surface emissivity spectra variation, in conjunction with earth's surface temperature reference anchor point estimation and Surface temperature interpolation model eliminates influence of the spectrum heterogeneity of fat pipe earth's surface emissivity wave spectrum to earth's surface temperature estimation, Realize the contactless Accurate Determining of surface temperature.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the overall structure diagram of surface temperature analyzer.
Fig. 2 is the overall flow figure of surface temperature assay method.
In figure:1, support base;2, armstand;3, valgus arm;4, solar panel;5, central control cabinet;6, infrared spoke Penetrate meter;7, four component net radiometer.
Specific implementation mode
The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
A kind of contactless earth's surface temperature-indicating instrument shown in FIG. 1, including assembling holder, infrared radiometer 6, four components are net Radiation gauge 7;Assembling holder is made of support base 1, armstand 2 and valgus arm 3, is mainly used for the fixation to measuring apparatus and branch Support;Support base 1 is Collapsible tripod, and support base 1 is set to the bottom end of armstand 2, it is ensured that measures the steady of relative position It is qualitative;Valgus arm 3 is vertically installed in the upper end of armstand 2, and valgus arm 3 and armstand 2 are more piece, convenient for adjusting bearing length or height Degree;Valgus arm 3 can directly select the body of rod with Telescopic, to faster regulating arm length degree.
In this product, on the one hand to meet the needs of observed altitude, on the other hand to ensure the portability of instrument, entirely Assembling holder uses short branch assembling design, can lead to related accessory and quickly be assembled, to realize the fixation to measuring apparatus And support function.
Multiple equipment clip is both provided in armstand 2 and valgus arm 3, solar panel 4 and central control cabinet 5 pass through Equipment clip is fixedly installed in armstand 2, and infrared radiometer 6 and four component net radiometers 7 are fixedly installed by equipment clip In on valgus arm 3;Central control cabinet 5 mainly completes the centralized control to infrared radiometer 6 and four component net radiometers 7, realizes Data are acquired and are preserved;Solar panel 4 is used to power for other devices, ensures steady in apparatus of the present invention external pelivimetry out of office Fixed and continuity.
Infrared radiometer 6 is installed on the side of valgus arm 3, is convenient for 180 ° of zenith angle and observes vertically downward, for obtaining Take the liftoff radiation of the equivalent earth's surface in channel;Four component net radiometers 7 are installed on the opposite one end of infrared radiometer 6, for obtaining length Wave hemisphere Downward atmospheric long-wave radiation.
Using the present apparatus when carrying out surface temperature measurement, auxiliary is also needed to use Fourier infrared spectrograph carry out table transmitting The acquisition of rate spectrum.
A kind of contactless earth's surface temperature-measuring method shown in Fig. 2, step are:
The assembling and erection of S1, determining instrument:Assembling holder is built according to target location, then installs and adjusts solar energy Solar panel 4, central control cabinet 5, infrared radiometer 6 and four component net radiometers 7, make the long amplitude of four component net radiometers 7 It penetrates probe to adjust to level, infrared radiometer 6 is adjusted to zenith angle and observed vertically downward for 180 °;
S2, the acquisition of earth's surface emissivity spectra:The earth's surface emissivity light of target is obtained using Fourier infrared spectrograph measurement Compose ελ
The acquisition of S3, long wave hemisphere Downward atmospheric long-wave radiation:Long-wave radiation probe measurement using four component net radiometers 7 is long Wave hemisphere Downward atmospheric long-wave radiation
The acquisition of S4, the equivalent hemisphere Downward atmospheric long-wave radiation in channel:It is adopted with infrared radiometer 6 according to four component net radiometers 7 The spectral response functions of collection obtain the analogue data under representative condition by radiative transfer model Modtran, establish from long wave half Ball Downward atmospheric long-wave radiationTo the equivalent hemisphere Downward atmospheric long-wave radiation in channelTransformation model, realize different Instrument observation values Between channel matching conversion;Transformation model is as shown in formula one:
Wherein, a, b are conversion coefficient of the four component net radiometers 7 to the hemisphere Downward atmospheric long-wave radiation of infrared radiometer 6, Statistical regression obtains from Modtran analogue datas;
S5, the liftoff radiation of the equivalent earth's surface in channel acquisition:The liftoff radiation of earth's surface is measured using infrared radiometer 6
S6, radiation brightness estimation:The liftoff radiation of earth's surface measured using Planck inverse function estimation infrared radiometer 6 Corresponding radiation brightness Tg, i.e.,:
Wherein,It is corresponding Planck inverse function in infrared radiometer spectral response range;c1=1.191 × 108W·μm4·sr-1·m-2And c2=1.439 × 104μm K is constant;λcFor channel center's wavelength, calculation formula is as follows:
Wherein, ∫ is integral sign;λ is wavelength;D λ are differential sign;λ1And λ2For infrared radiometer band response function Wave-length coverage;F (λ) is the band response function of infrared radiometer;
S7, surface temperature are estimated with reference to anchor point value:Calculated liftoff radiation brightness TgSet surface temperature ginseng Examine anchor point valueWithAs shown in formula four, formula five:
Wherein, Δ T is the temperature difference substantially valuation between surface temperature and the liftoff bright temperature of earth's surface, such as desirable Δ T=10K;
S8, earth's surface are liftoff, and radiation is estimated with reference to anchor point value:Using radiation transfer equation, in conjunction with the earth's surface emissivity light of acquisition Compose ελ, the equivalent hemisphere Downward atmospheric long-wave radiation in channelAnd band response function f (λ) the calculating earth's surface of infrared radiometer 6 is liftoff Radiation refers to anchor point valueWithAs shown in formula six, formula seven:
Wherein, λ is the wavelength in the observation channel of infrared radiometer;λ1And λ2For the band response function of infrared radiometer Wave-length coverage;F (λ) is the band response function of infrared radiometer;BλFor the Planck function under wavelength X, expression formula is as follows:
Wherein, c1=1.191 × 108W·μm4·sr-1·m-2And c2=1.439 × 104μm K is constant;T is temperature, Unit is K;
The measurement estimation of S9, surface temperature:It is liftoff with reference to anchor point value and the earth's surface of acquisition using the surface temperature of setting Radiation refers to anchor point value, in conjunction with the Planck function rule that approximately linear changes in certain temperature section, builds surface temperature Interpolation model obtains surface temperature T by the linear interpolation models, as shown in formula seven:
Wherein, TsFor the final tested volume of surface temperature.
Compared with prior art, the present invention having the advantage that:
(1) by four component net radiometers, directly hemisphere Downward atmospheric long-wave radiation is measured, then utilizes channel Channel registration conversion is carried out to different meter device observation with switch technology, to improve the equivalent downward atmospheric spoke in channel The acquisition precision penetrated realizes the accurate of the equivalent hemisphere Downward atmospheric long-wave radiation in channel in thermal infrared radiation meter spectral response range It obtains, influence of the Downward atmospheric long-wave radiation non-lambertian characteristic to follow-up earth's surface temperature measuring is eliminated with this;
(2) by considering the variation of earth's surface emissivity spectra, surface temperature interpolation model is constructed, the earth's surface temperature of setting is utilized Degree refers to anchor point value, and linear interpolation goes out surface temperature, eliminates the spectrum heterogeneity of fat pipe earth's surface emissivity to surface temperature The influence of estimation improves the measurement accuracy of surface temperature.
The above embodiment is not limitation of the present invention, and the present invention is also not limited to the example above, this technology neck The variations, modifications, additions or substitutions that the technical staff in domain is made within the scope of technical scheme of the present invention, also belong to this hair Bright protection domain.

Claims (1)

1. a kind of contactless earth's surface temperature-indicating instrument, it is characterised in that:It include assembling holder, infrared radiometer (6), four points Measure the central control cabinet (5) of net radiometer (7), solar panel (4);The assembling holder is by support base (1), armstand (2) It is formed with valgus arm (3);The support base (1) is Collapsible tripod, and support base (1) is fixedly installed on the bottom of armstand (2) End;The valgus arm (3) is vertically installed in the upper end of armstand (2), and valgus arm (3) and armstand (2) are more piece, convenient for adjusting length Degree or height;
Multiple equipment clip, solar panel (4) and center control are both provided on the armstand (2) and valgus arm (3) Case (5) is fixedly installed on by equipment clip in armstand (2), and infrared radiometer (6) and four component net radiometers (7) are logical Equipment clip is crossed to be fixedly installed on valgus arm (3);The infrared radiometer (6) is installed on the side of valgus arm (3), convenient for into 180 ° of row zenith angle is observed vertically downward, is used for the liftoff radiation of the equivalent earth's surface of Acquisition channel;Four components net radiometer (7) peace Loaded on the opposite one end of infrared radiometer (6), for obtaining long wave hemisphere Downward atmospheric long-wave radiation;
A kind of contactless earth's surface temperature-measuring method, step are:
The assembling and erection of S1, determining instrument:Assembling holder is built according to target location, then installs and adjusts solar cell Plate (4), central control cabinet (5), infrared radiometer (6) and four component net radiometers (7), make four component net radiometers (7) Long-wave radiation probe is adjusted to level, and infrared radiometer (6) is adjusted to zenith angle and observed vertically downward for 180 °;
S2, the acquisition of earth's surface emissivity spectra:The earth's surface emissivity spectra ε of target is obtained using Fourier infrared spectrograph measurementλ
The acquisition of S3, long wave hemisphere Downward atmospheric long-wave radiation:Utilize the long-wave radiation probe measurement long wave of four component net radiometers (7) Hemisphere Downward atmospheric long-wave radiation
The acquisition of S4, the equivalent hemisphere Downward atmospheric long-wave radiation in channel:It is adopted with infrared radiometer (6) according to four component net radiometers (7) The spectral response functions of collection obtain the analogue data under representative condition by radiative transfer model Modtran, establish from long wave half Ball Downward atmospheric long-wave radiationTo the equivalent hemisphere Downward atmospheric long-wave radiation in channelTransformation model, realize different Instrument observation values Between channel matching conversion;Transformation model is as shown in formula one:
Wherein, a, b are conversion coefficient of the four component net radiometers (7) to the hemisphere Downward atmospheric long-wave radiation of infrared radiometer (6), Statistical regression obtains from Modtran analogue datas;
S5, the liftoff radiation of the equivalent earth's surface in channel acquisition:The liftoff radiation of earth's surface is measured using infrared radiometer (6)
S6, radiation brightness estimation:The liftoff radiation of earth's surface measured using Planck inverse function estimation infrared radiometer (6)It is right The radiation brightness T answeredg, i.e.,:
Wherein,It is corresponding Planck inverse function in infrared radiometer spectral response range;c1=1.191 × 108W·μ m4·sr-1·m-2And c2=1.439 × 104μm K is constant;λcFor channel center's wavelength, calculation formula is as follows:
Wherein, ∫ is integral sign;λ is wavelength;D λ are differential sign;λ1And λ2For the wavelength of infrared radiometer band response function Range;F (λ) is the band response function of infrared radiometer;
S7, surface temperature are estimated with reference to anchor point value:Calculated liftoff radiation brightness TgIt sets surface temperature and refers to anchor point Value Ts 1And Ts 2, as shown in formula four, formula five:
Ts 1=TgΔ T formula four
Ts 2=Tg+ Δ T formula five
Wherein, Δ T is the temperature difference substantially valuation between surface temperature and the liftoff bright temperature of earth's surface;
S8, earth's surface are liftoff, and radiation is estimated with reference to anchor point value:Using radiation transfer equation, in conjunction with the earth's surface emissivity spectra ε of acquisitionλ、 The equivalent hemisphere Downward atmospheric long-wave radiation in channelAnd the band response function f (λ) of infrared radiometer (6) calculates the liftoff spoke of earth's surface It penetrates and refers to anchor point valueWithAs shown in formula six, formula seven:
Wherein, λ is the wavelength in the observation channel of infrared radiometer;λ1And λ2For the wavelength of the band response function of infrared radiometer Range;F (λ) is the band response function of infrared radiometer;BλFor the Planck function under wavelength X, expression formula is as follows:
Wherein, c1=1.191 × 108W·μm4·sr-1·m-2And c2=1.439 × 104μm K is constant;T is temperature, unit For K;
The measurement estimation of S9, surface temperature:The liftoff radiation of earth's surface of anchor point value and acquisition is referred to using the surface temperature of setting With reference to anchor point value surface temperature interpolation is built in conjunction with the Planck function rule that approximately linear changes in certain temperature section Model obtains surface temperature, as shown in formula nine by linear interpolation:
Wherein, TsFor the final tested volume of surface temperature.
CN201711179814.6A 2017-11-23 2017-11-23 A kind of contactless earth's surface temperature-indicating instrument and method Active CN107727244B (en)

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CN111141698A (en) * 2019-12-30 2020-05-12 中国地质大学(北京) Lithology classification method based on thermal infrared emissivity
CN113343435A (en) * 2021-05-20 2021-09-03 国家卫星气象中心(国家空间天气监测预警中心) Long-wave emission radiation calculation method suitable for AGRI instrument on FY4A satellite

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Application publication date: 20180223

Assignee: SUZHOU ZHONGKETIANQI REMOTE SENSING TECHNOLOGY CO.,LTD.

Assignor: Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS|INSTITUTE OF AGRICULTURAL RESOURCES AND REGIONAL PLANNING, CHINESE ACADEMY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES

Contract record no.: X2023980054821

Denomination of invention: A non-contact surface temperature measuring instrument and method

Granted publication date: 20181109

License type: Common License

Record date: 20240102