CN107727065B - Drilling sedimentation deformation monitoring system and monitoring method thereof - Google Patents
Drilling sedimentation deformation monitoring system and monitoring method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN107727065B CN107727065B CN201711088638.5A CN201711088638A CN107727065B CN 107727065 B CN107727065 B CN 107727065B CN 201711088638 A CN201711088638 A CN 201711088638A CN 107727065 B CN107727065 B CN 107727065B
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- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002528 anti-freeze Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 210000005239 tubule Anatomy 0.000 claims 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004925 denaturation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036425 denaturation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C5/00—Measuring height; Measuring distances transverse to line of sight; Levelling between separated points; Surveyors' levels
- G01C5/04—Hydrostatic levelling, i.e. by flexibly interconnected liquid containers at separated points
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
- Force Measurement Appropriate To Specific Purposes (AREA)
- Testing Or Calibration Of Command Recording Devices (AREA)
- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a drilling sedimentation deformation monitoring system and a monitoring method thereof, wherein the drilling sedimentation deformation monitoring system comprises a liquid pipeline arranged in a horizontal drilling hole of a rock body, and the outer end of the hole of the liquid pipeline is connected with a liquid reservoir; and setting reference points at the bottom of the drill hole or at the relative non-deformation points outside the drill hole as reference points, wherein a plurality of measuring points are distributed in the drill hole, the reference points and the measuring points are respectively provided with micro-pressure sensors, and the signal output ends of all the micro-pressure sensors are electrically connected to corresponding ports of the data acquisition instrument of the pressure sensor outside the hole through wires. When the drill hole is deformed, the liquid level difference between the liquid pipeline and the liquid reservoir changes, the pressure generated by the liquid level difference directly acts on the micro pressure sensor, and the settlement of each measuring point is obtained through the pressure values before and after the drill hole is denatured. The invention has the advantages of wide adaptability, simple structure, convenient implementation, low cost and stable and reliable measurement data, and provides a way for monitoring the deformation of geotechnical engineering.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a technology for monitoring deformation and stability of rock mass of tunnels, slopes and underground engineering, which are constructed by traffic, water conservancy and hydropower, mines and cities.
Background
Rock mass stability, a major problem of geotechnical engineering, mining engineering, slope engineering and underground engineering. By monitoring the deformation rule and the dynamics in the rock mass, the method has important significance in judging the stability of the rock mass, forecasting dangerous cases and preventing the dangerous cases.
At present, various methods for monitoring the displacement inside a rock mass exist, but various methods are limited in application. Therefore, it is necessary to continuously research and develop different monitoring methods of internal deformation of rock mass to adapt to different engineering conditions.
The micro pressure sensor is a pressure sensor most commonly used in industrial practice, and in the measuring process of the micro pressure sensor, the pressure directly acts on a diaphragm of the sensor, so that the diaphragm generates micro displacement proportional to the pressure of a medium, the resistance of the sensor changes, meanwhile, the change is detected through an electronic circuit, and a standard signal corresponding to the pressure is converted and output, and the measuring process of the micro pressure sensor is the measuring process of the micro pressure sensor.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a drilling sedimentation deformation monitoring system which is suitable for monitoring the deformation of the inside of a rock mass under different engineering conditions.
The invention also provides a method for monitoring the sedimentation deformation of the drilling hole by using the system.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the drilling sedimentation deformation monitoring system comprises a micro-pressure sensor and is characterized by further comprising a liquid pipeline arranged in a rock drilling hole, wherein the outer end of the hole of the liquid pipeline is connected with a liquid storage device, and the liquid storage device is required to be higher than the drilling hole so as to ensure stable pressure in the liquid pipeline; setting reference points as reference points at the bottom of a drill hole or at relatively non-deformation points outside the drill hole, wherein a plurality of measuring points are distributed in the drill hole, micro-pressure sensors are arranged on the reference points and the measuring points, and signal output ends of all the micro-pressure sensors are electrically connected to corresponding ports of an external pressure sensor data acquisition instrument through wires;
the drill holes should be slightly inclined towards the hole openings, so that the influence of accumulated water in the hole on the measurement result is prevented.
The connection structure of the micro-pressure sensor and the liquid pipeline is as follows: a T-shaped tee joint is connected in series on a liquid pipeline, a diaphragm of a micro-pressure sensor extends into the pipeline, a body of the micro-pressure sensor is screwed on a vertical pipe of the tee joint, the diaphragm for the sensor is directly contacted with liquid in the pipeline, and a liquid pressure value at the point is sensed and output to a lead through a signal.
The diameter of the drilling hole meets the requirements of filling a liquid pipeline, a T-shaped tee joint, a micro-pressure sensor and a lead.
The micro-pressure sensor is a high-precision and small-range liquid pressure sensor, such as a diffused silicon pressure transmitter. The sensor is required to be in a threaded interface form, and the measuring range of the sensor is determined according to the difference between the liquid level of the liquid reservoir and the lowest point of the pipeline. The height is generally less than 2m, so the range is 0-30 KPa. The output signal of the sensor is in a standard form of 4-20 mA.
The pressure sensor acquisition instrument adopts a universal 4-20 mA multichannel data acquisition system, and data is sent to the host computer through wireless transmission. The number of channels of the acquisition instrument corresponds to the number of sensors.
The method for monitoring the sedimentation deformation of the drilling hole by using the monitoring system comprises the following steps:
the first step is to construct near horizontal drilling in the rock mass, and the drilling should be inclined slightly outwards in order to prevent water accumulation in the drilling. And then the liquid pipeline with the micro-pressure sensors is pushed into a borehole, the micro-pressure sensors of the datum point are arranged at relatively fixed positions as reference points, the rest micro-pressure sensors are just positioned on preset measuring points, and the signal output ends of all the micro-pressure sensors are led out and connected to corresponding ports of a data acquisition instrument outside the borehole through wires.
And a second step of: after the whole system is installed and fixed, anti-freezing liquid is injected into the liquid pipeline from the liquid reservoir, and pressure is applied to the liquid pipeline by utilizing the liquid level difference between the liquid reservoir and the liquid pipeline; in order to fill the pipeline with liquid, a thin pipe can be penetrated into the liquid pipeline in advance to the inner end of the pipeline so as to discharge gas when the liquid is injected, and the liquid is pulled out after the liquid is injected;
and a third step of: monitoring rock mass drilling deformation, specifically including:
step 3.1: firstly, collecting reference points and initial pressure values of all the reference points
Let the initial pressure value of the datum point be H 0 0 ;
Starting from the orifice, respectively a first measuring point, a second measuring point and a third measuring point, and the like until an nth measuring point, wherein the initial pressure values of the measuring points are respectively H 0 1 、H 0 2 、H 0 3 、……H 0 n ;
Step 3.2, collecting the datum point after the settlement deformation of the rock mass and the pressure value of each datum point
The pressure values of the datum point and each measuring point which are acquired after the settlement deformation of the rock mass around the drilling hole is subjected to t days are respectively H t 0 、H t 1 、H t 2 、H t 3 、……H t n The settlement of the i-th measuring point can be calculated according to the following formula:
wherein:
0.1 represents a pressure of 1mm water column in Pa/mm;
-settlement of surrounding rock mass, mm, after t days at the ith station;
the pressure in Pa in the liquid tube collected after t days at the ith measurement point.
The invention has the positive effects that: according to the invention, the borehole is deformed and apparent through the liquid level difference between the liquid pipeline and the liquid reservoir, after the borehole is deformed, the measuring point position of the liquid pipeline in the borehole is raised or lowered, the liquid level difference between the liquid pipeline and the liquid reservoir is changed, and the pressure generated by the liquid level difference directly acts on the micro pressure sensor. The pressure value of each measuring point after deformation is measured by a micro pressure sensor, and then the settlement of each measuring point is obtained by the pressure values before and after drilling denaturation. The invention has the advantages of wide adaptability, simple structure, convenient implementation, low cost and stable and reliable measurement data, and provides a way for monitoring the deformation of geotechnical engineering.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a monitoring system according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein reference points are arranged outside a borehole;
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the configuration of a micropressure sensor in the monitoring system according to the present invention
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an application example of the present invention
Legend description: 1-drilling holes; 2-liquid piping; 3-datum point; 4-a first measuring point 1; 5-a second measuring point; 6-a third measuring point; 7-conducting wires; 8-an acquisition instrument; 9-a reservoir; 10-liquid level; 11-tee; 12-micropressure sensor; 13-slope surface; 14-estimating a slip surface of the side slope; 15-a drilling sedimentation deformation monitoring system.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings so that the advantages and features of the present invention can be more easily understood by those skilled in the art, thereby making clear and defining the scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1-2, the embodiment of the drilling sedimentation deformation monitoring system comprises a liquid pipeline 2 arranged in a rock mass drilling hole 1, wherein the outer end of the hole of the liquid pipeline 2 is connected with a liquid storage 9, the position of the liquid storage 9 is required to be higher than the position of the drilling hole 1, the stable pressure in the liquid pipeline 2 is ensured, and the deformation of the drilling hole can be intuitively sensed according to the change of a liquid level 10; in the embodiment, a datum point 3 is arranged at the outer section of a hole of the liquid pipeline 2, first to third measuring points 4-6 are arranged in the section of the hole at intervals, micro-pressure sensors 12 are arranged on the datum point 3 and the first to third measuring points 4-6, and signal output ends of all the micro-pressure sensors 12 are electrically connected to corresponding ports of an outer-hole pressure data acquisition instrument 8 through wires 7;
the connection structure between the micro-pressure sensor 12 and the liquid pipe 2 is as follows: the T-shaped tee joint 11 is connected in series on the liquid pipeline 2, the diaphragm of the micro-pressure sensor 12 stretches into the liquid pipeline 2, the body of the micro-pressure sensor 12 is screwed on the vertical pipe of the tee joint 11 and used for calculating the deformation of the diaphragm, and the calculation result is output to the lead 7 through the signal output end.
The method for monitoring borehole settlement deformation using the monitoring system of the present invention will be described below according to an example of application.
The slope height of a certain strip mine is 170m, and the comprehensive slope angle is 51 degrees. The side slope rock mass has complex structure and partial crushing instability. In order to ensure the safe production of mines, the mining side can monitor the displacement of the slope surface 13 by adopting a method combining a GPS system and optical measurement, and the drilling settlement displacement monitoring method is adopted to master the deformation dynamics of the inside of the slope rock. In implementation, two groups of drilling sedimentation deformation monitoring systems 15 are arranged on the same section, each group of drilling length is 28m, and 12 measuring points are distributed. Since the rock mass at the deep part of the side slope is not deformed, the measuring points at the bottom of the drill hole are set as reference points, and the serial numbers of the measuring points from the bottom of the hole to the hole are sequentially 1, 2 and 3 … …. The measuring point adopts a high-precision diffusion silicon miniature pressure sensor, the measuring range is 0-30 KPa, the comprehensive precision is 0.25% FS, and the long-term stability is 0.1% FS. The data are collected by a secondary instrument arranged at the orifice and converted into wireless signal transmission, and are received, processed and stored by a mine dispatching room.
The two groups of monitoring systems are installed, and initial data acquisition is carried out, and the data acquisition is carried out once a day. Table I and Table II are monitoring results of two sets of detection systems 60 days after installation. It can be seen from the table that the overall deformation of the side slope is small, in the normal range, the deformation in the interior of the side slope rock mass is stable and continuous, and the deformation discontinuity phenomenon does not occur around the predicted slip surface 14 as shown in fig. 3, so that it can be seen that the side slope is in an overall stable state.
Watch I (first group monitoring result)
Measuring point | Initial pressure value (KPa) | Pressure value after deformation (KPa) | Precipitation (mm) |
Datum point | 15.305 | 14.920 | 0 |
First measuring point | 15.370 | 14.988 | 0.3 |
Second measuring point | 15.441 | 15.061 | 0.5 |
Third measuring point | 15.510 | 15.133 | 0.8 |
Fourth measuring point | 15.583 | 15.210 | 1.2 |
Fifth measuring point | 15.654 | 15.289 | 2.0 |
Sixth measuring point | 15.725 | 15.368 | 2.8 |
Seventh measuring point | 15.798 | 15.448 | 3.5 |
Eighth measuring point | 15.870 | 15.528 | 4.3 |
Ninth measuring point | 15.943 | 15.610 | 5.2 |
Tenth measuring point | 16.017 | 15.699 | 6.7 |
Eleventh measuring point | 16.090 | 15.783 | 7.8 |
Watch II (second group monitoring result)
The foregoing is merely illustrative of specific embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the invention is not limited thereto, but any changes or substitutions that do not undergo the inventive effort should be construed as falling within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the protection scope defined by the claims.
Claims (3)
1. A drilling sedimentation deformation monitoring method is characterized in that a drilling sedimentation deformation monitoring system for implementing the monitoring method comprises a micro-pressure sensor and a liquid pipeline arranged in a rock mass drilling hole, wherein the outer end of the hole of the liquid pipeline is connected with a liquid storage device, and the liquid storage device is required to be higher than the drilling hole position so as to ensure stable pressure in the liquid pipeline; a reference point is arranged at the outer section of a hole of the liquid pipeline and used as a reference point, a plurality of measuring points are distributed in the drill hole, micro-pressure sensors are arranged on the reference point and the measuring points, and signal output ends of all the micro-pressure sensors are electrically connected to corresponding ports of a data acquisition instrument of the outer pressure sensor of the hole through wires;
the connection structure of the micro-pressure sensor and the liquid pipeline is as follows: the method comprises the steps that a T-shaped tee joint is connected in series on a liquid pipeline, a diaphragm of a micro-pressure sensor extends into the pipeline, a body of the micro-pressure sensor is screwed on a vertical pipe of the tee joint, the diaphragm for the sensor is directly contacted with liquid in the pipeline, and the liquid pressure value at the point is sensed and output to a lead through a signal;
the method for monitoring the sedimentation deformation of the drilling hole comprises the following steps:
constructing near-horizontal drilling holes in a rock body, wherein the drilling holes are inclined outwards to achieve the aim of preventing water accumulation in the drilling holes, then, pushing a liquid pipeline with micro-pressure sensors into the drilling holes, setting the micro-pressure sensors of a reference point on the outer section of the liquid pipeline hole as reference points, setting the rest micro-pressure sensors on preset measuring points, and leading out signal output ends of all the micro-pressure sensors to be connected to corresponding ports of a data acquisition instrument outside the hole through wires;
and a second step of: after the whole system is installed and fixed, anti-freezing liquid is injected into the liquid pipeline from the liquid reservoir, and pressure is applied to the liquid pipeline by utilizing the liquid level difference between the liquid reservoir and the liquid pipeline;
and a third step of: monitoring rock mass drilling deformation, specifically including:
step 3.1: firstly, collecting reference points and initial pressure values of all the reference points
Let the initial pressure value of the datum point be H0 0 ;
Starting from the orifice, the first, second and third measuring points, respectively, and so on until the nth measuring point, the initial pressures of these measuring pointsThe force values are H0 respectively 1 、H0 2 、H0 3 、……H0 n ;
Step 3.2: collecting datum point and pressure value of each measuring point after settlement deformation of rock mass
The pressure values of the datum point and each measuring point which are acquired after the settlement deformation of the rock mass around the drilling hole is subjected to t days are respectively H t 0 、H t 1 、H t 2 、H t 3 、……H t n The settlement of the i-th measuring point can be calculated according to the following formula:
wherein:
0.1 represents a pressure of 1mm water column in Pa/mm;
-settlement of surrounding rock mass, mm, after t days at the ith station;
the pressure in Pa in the liquid tube collected after t days at the ith measurement point.
2. The method for monitoring sedimentation deformation of a drill hole according to claim 1, wherein the micro-pressure sensor is a liquid pressure sensor with a measuring range of 0-30 KPa, and the output signal of the sensor is in a standard form of 4-20 mA; the pressure sensor acquisition instrument adopts a universal 4-20 mA multichannel data acquisition system, data is sent to the host computer through wireless transmission, and the channel number of the acquisition instrument corresponds to the sensor number.
3. The method for monitoring sedimentation deformation of a borehole according to claim 1, wherein a tubule is inserted into the liquid pipe to the inner end of the pipe before the antifreeze liquid is injected, so that gas is discharged when the liquid is injected, and the liquid is extracted after the liquid is injected.
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CN108571947A (en) * | 2018-04-19 | 2018-09-25 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | A kind of offshore embankment multi-point settlement monitoring system |
CN111852828A (en) * | 2020-07-23 | 2020-10-30 | 嘉善边锋机械股份有限公司 | Diaphragm pump with pressure real-time monitoring and control functions |
CN113431018A (en) * | 2021-05-28 | 2021-09-24 | 中交第一公路勘察设计研究院有限公司 | Frozen soil roadbed deformation field optimization monitoring equipment and method based on grating array |
CN116358487A (en) * | 2023-02-09 | 2023-06-30 | 山东大学 | Micro-pressure ground deformation area-based area type monitoring system and method |
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