CN107725037A - Underground gas cut working condition determining method and system based on the measurement of double measuring points - Google Patents
Underground gas cut working condition determining method and system based on the measurement of double measuring points Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of underground gas cut working condition determining method and system based on the measurement of double measuring points.This is included based on the underground gas cut working condition determining method that double measuring points measure：Multiple state vector estimates of the subsequent time of newest historical juncture are obtained according to the average of the state vector of newest historical juncture and covariance matrix；At the time of the newest historical juncture is the average and covariance matrix away from the nearest known state vector of object time；Multiple measurement vector estimates of subsequent time are worth to according to the estimation of multiple state vectors；The average of the state vector of subsequent time is calculated according to the measurement parameter of multiple state vector estimates, the vectorial estimate of multiple measurements and subsequent time；Calculate the covariance matrix of subsequent time；Judge whether subsequent time is object time；If it is not, the above is repeated until subsequent time is object time；Determine the gas cut amount of object time and the gas cut position of object time.The present invention can Accurate Prediction underground gas cut layer position and gas cut amount.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to drilling technology, in particular it relates to a kind of underground gas cut operating mode determination side based on the measurement of double measuring points
Method and system.
Background technology
At present, Oil And Gas Exploration And Development difficulty is increasing, and many drillng operations are close with HTHP, narrow mud
Degree window, more set complex pressure system etc. the underground complexity such as cause to leak, spray, collapse, block to be carried out in the deep formation of characteristic feature
Frequent Accidents, drilling efficiency are very prominent with safety problem.And controlled pressure drilling technology by closed loop automatic control system come accurate
Whole bore hole annulus pressure distribution is controlled, makes wellbore pressure control in ' Safe Density Windows, can effectively save drilling time, drop
Low drilling cost, drillng operation security is improved, turn into solve the problems, such as the narrow ' Safe Density Windows of bad ground at present, ensure peace
One of maximally effective technological means of overall height effect drilling well.
Yet with bad ground there is substantial amounts of ambiguity, randomness and uncertain problem, therefore utilizing control
When pressing drillng operation, complex working condition can not possibly avoid completely.And technology people can be caused to complex working condition understanding in underground is unclear
The control measure of member's incorrect decision and later stage blindness, situation may be caused to complicate or even cause even more serious accident, wherein
The harm of gas cut operating mode is the most serious, once control is not proper not in time, it is possible to cause well kick, blowout serious accident, at this moment
Accurate underground working, which is explained, to be just particularly important.Underground working, which is explained, to be primarily referred to as according to ground logging data and downhole
Pressure measurement data is bored, with reference to pit shaft hydraulic model analyze and explain in real time.
Current means of interpretation is mainly explained using underground PWD spot measurement data, but according to single-point parameter
Measured value has limitation and uncertainty, can not accurately reflect working conditions change.Secondly as the height of Wellbore Flow state is answered
Polygamy, cause to rely on merely hydraulic model accurately to describe wellbore fluids flowing and be difficult to, result of calculation with it is true
Larger error often be present in value.When occurring gas cut complex working condition during controlled pressure drilling, existing investigative technique can not be accurate
Positioning gas cut layer position and determine the downhole parameters such as gas cut amount size, directly influence follow-up wellbore pressure control process,
Cause Stress control hysteresis low with precision.In addition, the shortage of gas cut operating mode Theory of Interpretation also constrains pressure control to a certain extent
The development of drilling technology.
The content of the invention
The main purpose of the embodiment of the present invention is to provide a kind of underground gas cut operating mode determination side based on the measurement of double measuring points
Method and system, with real-time Accurate Prediction underground gas cut layer position and gas cut amount.
To achieve these goals, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of underground gas cut operating mode based on the measurement of double measuring points and determined
Method, including：
Step 1：Input the state vector of newest historical juncture average and covariance matrix to the nonlinear system created
Unite in function of state model, obtain multiple state vector estimates of the subsequent time of newest historical juncture；Wherein, newest history
At the time of moment is average and the known covariance matrix away from the nearest known state vector of object time；
Step 2：Multiple state vector estimates are inputted into the wellbore hydraulics forward model created, obtain lower a period of time
The multiple measurement vector estimates carved；
Step 3：Made an uproar according to multiple state vector estimates, the vectorial estimate of multiple measurements, the process of newest historical juncture
The measurement parameter of the variance of sound, the variance of the measurement noise of subsequent time and subsequent time, calculate the state vector of subsequent time
Average；
Step 4：Made an uproar according to multiple state vector estimates, the vectorial estimate of multiple measurements, the process of newest historical juncture
The variance of the variance of sound and the measurement noise of subsequent time, calculate the covariance matrix of subsequent time；
Step 5：Judge whether subsequent time is object time；If subsequent time is not object time, repeat step 1
To step 4, until subsequent time is object time；
Step 6：The gas cut amount of object time and the gas of object time are determined according to the average of the state vector of subsequent time
Invasion is put.
In wherein a kind of embodiment, input the state vector of newest historical juncture average and covariance matrix to having created
In the non-linear system status function model built, multiple state vector estimates of the subsequent time of newest historical juncture are obtained,
Including：
According to the average of the state vector of newest historical juncture and the covariance matrix of newest historical juncture, the most new calendar is calculated
The state vector of multiple determination sampled points at history moment；
The state vector of multiple determination sampled points is inputted into non-linear system status function model, when obtaining newest history
Multiple state vector estimates of the subsequent time at quarter.
In wherein a kind of embodiment, according to multiple state vector estimates, the vectorial estimate of multiple measurements, newest history
The measurement parameter of the variance of the process noise at moment, the variance of the measurement noise of subsequent time and subsequent time, calculate lower a period of time
The average of the state vector at quarter, including：
According to the vectorial estimate of multiple measurements and the variances of the measurement noise of subsequent time, the self tuning side of subsequent time is calculated
Difference measurements matrix；
According to multiple state vector estimates and multiple cross covariance squares for measuring vectorial estimate, calculating subsequent time
Battle array；
According to state vector estimate, the vectorial estimate of measurement, auto-covariance calculation matrix, Cross-covariance and next
The measurement parameter at moment, calculate the average of the state vector of subsequent time.
In wherein a kind of embodiment, according to multiple state vector estimates, the vectorial estimate of multiple measurements, newest history
The variance of the variance of the process noise at moment and the measurement noise of subsequent time, the covariance matrix of subsequent time is calculated, including：
According to multiple state vector estimates and the variance of the process noise of newest historical juncture, calculate subsequent time from
Covariance state matrix；
According to auto-covariance state matrix and auto-covariance calculation matrix, the covariance matrix of subsequent time is calculated.
In wherein a kind of embodiment, according to the vectorial estimate of multiple measurements and the variances of the measurement noise of subsequent time,
The auto-covariance calculation matrix of subsequent time is calculated, including：
According to multiple measurement vector estimates for measuring vectorial estimate and multiple mean value weighting weights, calculating subsequent time
Average；
According to the vectorial estimate of multiple measurements, the average of the vectorial estimate of measurement, multiple covariance-weighted weights and next
The variance of the measurement noise at moment, calculate the auto-covariance calculation matrix of subsequent time.
In wherein a kind of embodiment, according to multiple state vector estimates and the side of the process noise of newest historical juncture
Difference, the auto-covariance state matrix of subsequent time is calculated, including：
According to multiple mean value weighting weights corresponding to multiple state vector estimates and multiple determination sampled points, calculate next
The average of the state vector estimate at moment；
It is multiple according to corresponding to multiple state vector estimates, the average of state vector estimate, multiple determination sampled points
The variance of covariance-weighted weights and the process noise of newest historical juncture, calculate the auto-covariance state matrix of subsequent time.
In wherein a kind of embodiment, according to multiple state vector estimates and the vectorial estimate of multiple measurements, under calculating
The Cross-covariance at one moment, including：
According to multiple state vector estimates, the average of state vector estimate, the vectorial estimate of multiple measurements and measurement
The average of vectorial estimate, calculate the Cross-covariance of subsequent time.
In wherein a kind of embodiment, in addition to：
The average of the state vector of initial time is calculated according to multiple state vectors of initial time；
According to multiple state vectors of initial time and the association of the mean value computation initial time of the state vector of initial time
Variance matrix.
In wherein a kind of embodiment, in addition to：
According to the first measuring point pressure value, the second measuring point pressure value of subsequent time and the well head of subsequent time of subsequent time
The measurement parameter returned outflow, determine subsequent time.
The embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of underground gas cut operating mode based on the measurement of double measuring points and determines system, including：
State vector estimates value cell, average and newest historical juncture for the state vector that inputs the newest historical juncture
Covariance matrix into the non-linear system status function model created, obtain the newest historical juncture subsequent time it is more
Individual state vector estimate；Wherein, the newest historical juncture is the average and known away from the nearest known state vector of object time
At the time of covariance matrix；
Measurement vector estimation value cell, for inputting multiple state vector estimates to the wellbore hydraulics forward modeling created
In model, multiple measurement vector estimates of subsequent time are obtained；
The equal value cell of state vector, for according to multiple state vector estimates, the vectorial estimate of multiple measurements, newest
The measurement parameter of the variance of the process noise of historical juncture, the variance of the measurement noise of subsequent time and subsequent time, under calculating
The average of the state vector at one moment；
Covariance matrix unit, for according to multiple state vector estimates, the vectorial estimate of multiple measurements, newest history
The variance of the variance of the process noise at moment and the measurement noise of subsequent time, calculate the covariance matrix of subsequent time；
Judging unit, for judging whether subsequent time is object time；
Gas cut operating mode determining unit, the average for the state vector according to subsequent time determine the gas cut amount of object time
With the gas cut position of object time.
In wherein a kind of embodiment, in addition to：
Initial cell, the average of the state vector for calculating initial time according to multiple state vectors of initial time；
According to multiple state vectors of initial time and the association of the mean value computation initial time of the state vector of initial time
Variance matrix.
In wherein a kind of embodiment, in addition to：
Measurement parameter determining module, for the first measuring point pressure value according to subsequent time, the second measuring point of subsequent time
The measurement parameter returned outflow, determine subsequent time of the well head of pressure value and subsequent time.
The embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of computer equipment, including memory, processor and storage are on a memory simultaneously
The computer program that can be run on a processor, following steps are realized during computing device computer program：
Step 1：Input the state vector of newest historical juncture average and covariance matrix to the nonlinear system created
Unite in function of state model, obtain multiple state vector estimates of the subsequent time of newest historical juncture；Wherein, newest history
At the time of moment is average and the known covariance matrix away from the nearest known state vector of object time；
Step 2：Multiple state vector estimates are inputted into the wellbore hydraulics forward model created, obtain lower a period of time
The multiple measurement vector estimates carved；
Step 3：Made an uproar according to multiple state vector estimates, the vectorial estimate of multiple measurements, the process of newest historical juncture
The measurement parameter of the variance of sound, the variance of the measurement noise of subsequent time and subsequent time, calculate the state vector of subsequent time
Average；
Step 4：Made an uproar according to multiple state vector estimates, the vectorial estimate of multiple measurements, the process of newest historical juncture
The variance of the variance of sound and the measurement noise of subsequent time, calculate the covariance matrix of subsequent time；
Step 5：Judge whether subsequent time is object time；If subsequent time is not object time, repeat step 1
To step 4, until subsequent time is object time；
Step 6：The gas cut amount of object time and the gas of object time are determined according to the average of the state vector of subsequent time
Invasion is put.
The embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of computer-readable recording medium, is stored thereon with computer program, computer
Following steps are realized when program is executed by processor：
Step 1：Input the state vector of newest historical juncture average and covariance matrix to the nonlinear system created
Unite in function of state model, obtain multiple state vector estimates of the subsequent time of newest historical juncture；Wherein, newest history
At the time of moment is average and the known covariance matrix away from the nearest known state vector of object time；
Step 2：Multiple state vector estimates are inputted into the wellbore hydraulics forward model created, obtain lower a period of time
The multiple measurement vector estimates carved；
Step 3：Made an uproar according to multiple state vector estimates, the vectorial estimate of multiple measurements, the process of newest historical juncture
The measurement parameter of the variance of sound, the variance of the measurement noise of subsequent time and subsequent time, calculate the state vector of subsequent time
Average；
Step 4：Made an uproar according to multiple state vector estimates, the vectorial estimate of multiple measurements, the process of newest historical juncture
The variance of the variance of sound and the measurement noise of subsequent time, calculate the covariance matrix of subsequent time；
Step 5：Judge whether subsequent time is object time；If subsequent time is not object time, repeat step 1
To step 4, until subsequent time is object time；
Step 6：The gas cut amount of object time and the gas of object time are determined according to the average of the state vector of subsequent time
Invasion is put.
The underground gas cut working condition determining method and system based on the measurement of double measuring points of the embodiment of the present invention, can be to downhole gas
Invade operating mode and carry out real time correction calculating, real time discriminating underground gas cut complex working condition, Accurate Prediction underground gas cut layer position and gas cut amount,
The application of wellbore hydraulics is expanded, improves computational accuracy, important references are provided for follow-up wellbore pressure control.
Brief description of the drawings
In order to illustrate more clearly about the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, embodiment will be described below
In the required accompanying drawing used be briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description be only the present invention some
Embodiment, for those of ordinary skill in the art, on the premise of not paying creative work, can also be attached according to these
Figure obtains other accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the underground gas cut working condition determining method based on the measurement of double measuring points in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the underground gas cut working condition determining method one of which embodiment based on the measurement of double measuring points in the embodiment of the present invention
Flow chart；
Fig. 3 is the underground gas cut working condition determining method another kind embodiment based on the measurement of double measuring points in the embodiment of the present invention
Flow chart；
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the double measuring point measurement apparatus in underground based on the measurement of double measuring points in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the structured flowchart that the underground gas cut operating mode measured in the embodiment of the present invention based on double measuring points determines system.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clear, complete
Site preparation describes, it is clear that described embodiment is only part of the embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained every other under the premise of creative work is not made
Embodiment, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
In view of existing investigative technique can not accurately position gas cut layer position and determine the undergrounds such as gas cut amount size at present
Parameter, follow-up wellbore pressure control process is directly influenced, cause Stress control to lag low with precision, the embodiment of the present invention carries
For a kind of underground gas cut working condition determining method and system based on the measurement of double measuring points, real-time school can be carried out to underground gas cut operating mode
Positive calculating, real time discriminating underground gas cut complex working condition, Accurate Prediction underground gas cut layer position and gas cut amount, expand wellbore hydraulics
Application, improve computational accuracy, important references provided for follow-up wellbore pressure control.Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing to this hair
It is bright to be described in detail.
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the underground gas cut working condition determining method based on the measurement of double measuring points in the embodiment of the present invention.Such as Fig. 1
Shown, the underground gas cut working condition determining method based on the measurement of double measuring points includes：
S101：Input the state vector of newest historical juncture average and covariance matrix to the nonlinear system created
In function of state model, multiple state vector estimates of the subsequent time of newest historical juncture are obtained；Wherein, during newest history
Carve for the average away from the nearest known state vector of object time and at the time of known covariance matrix.
S102：Multiple state vector estimates are inputted into the wellbore hydraulics forward model created, obtain lower a period of time
The multiple measurement vector estimates carved.
S103：According to multiple state vector estimates, the vectorial estimate of multiple measurements, the process noise of newest historical juncture
Variance, the variance of the measurement noise of subsequent time and the measurement parameter of subsequent time, calculate the state vector of subsequent time
Average.
S104：According to multiple state vector estimates, the vectorial estimate of multiple measurements, the process noise of newest historical juncture
Variance and subsequent time measurement noise variance, calculate the covariance matrix of subsequent time.
S105：Judge whether subsequent time is object time；If subsequent time is not object time, S101 is repeated extremely
S104, until subsequent time is object time；
S106：The gas cut amount of object time and the gas cut of object time are determined according to the average of the state vector of subsequent time
Position.
Flow as shown in Figure 1 understands that the present invention first inputs the average and covariance of the state vector of newest historical juncture
Matrix obtains multiple state vectors estimation of the subsequent time of newest historical juncture into non-linear system status function model
Value, then input multiple state vector estimates to wellbore hydraulics forward model and obtain multiple measurements vector estimation of subsequent time
Value, is further calculated the average of the state vector of subsequent time and the covariance matrix of subsequent time.Then judge next
Whether the moment is object time；If subsequent time is not object time, S101 to S104 is repeated, until subsequent time is mesh
Timestamp is carved, and the gas cut amount of object time and the gas cut position of object time are finally determined according to the average of the state vector of subsequent time
Put.Using the underground gas cut working condition determining method that this is measured based on double measuring points, real time correction can be carried out to underground gas cut operating mode
Calculate, real time discriminating underground gas cut complex working condition.
Before S101 is performed, in addition to：Create non-linear system status function model and wellbore hydraulics forward model.
In one embodiment, S101 is specifically included：During according to the average of the state vector of newest historical juncture and newest history
The covariance matrix at quarter, calculate the state vector of multiple determination sampled points of newest historical juncture.And the multiple determinations of input are adopted
The state vector of sampling point obtains multiple states of the subsequent time of newest historical juncture into non-linear system status function model
Vectorial estimate.
When it is implemented, can be calculated by equation below the states of multiple determination sampled points of newest historical juncture to
Amount：
Wherein, the k-1 moment is the newest historical juncture, xi,k-1For i-th of the k-1 moment state vector for determining sampled point,For the average of the state vector at k-1 moment, Pk-1For the covariance matrix at k-1 moment, n is the dimension of state vector,For the i-th rowλ is scale factor, as follows：
λ=α2(n+κ)-n；
Wherein, α is spreading factor, influences to determine distribution of the sampled point (Sigma points) around the average of state vector,
General value [0,1]；κ is adjustable parameter, for the Gaussian Profile in the present invention, when state vector is that n is tieed up, κ=3-n.Example
Such as, however, it is determined that the state vector of sampled point is two-dimensional state vector, then κ values are 1.
And non-linear system status function model is as follows：
xi,k/k-1=f (xi,k-1) i=0,1 ..., 2n；
Wherein, the k moment be the newest historical juncture subsequent time, xi,k/k-1For the of the subsequent time of newest historical juncture
I state vector estimate.
In S102, wellbore hydraulics forward model is as follows：
zi,k/k-1=h (xi,k/k-1) i=0,1 ..., 2n；
Wherein, zi,k/k-1For the ith measurement vector estimate of the subsequent time of newest historical juncture.
Fig. 2 is the underground gas cut working condition determining method one of which embodiment based on the measurement of double measuring points in the embodiment of the present invention
Flow chart.As shown in Fig. 2 in embodiment, S103 is specifically included：
S201：According to the vectorial estimate of multiple measurements and the variance of the measurement noise of subsequent time, subsequent time is calculated
Auto-covariance calculation matrix.
S202：According to multiple state vector estimates and multiple mutual association sides for measuring vectorial estimate, calculating subsequent time
Poor matrix.
S203：According to state vector estimate, the vectorial estimate of measurement, auto-covariance calculation matrix, Cross-covariance
With the measurement parameter of subsequent time, the average of the state vector of subsequent time is calculated.
In one embodiment, S201 includes：According to the vectorial estimate of multiple measurements and multiple mean value weighting weights, calculate next
The average of the vectorial estimate of measurement at moment.And according to the vectorial estimate of multiple measurements, the averages of the vectorial estimate of measurement,
The variance of the measurement noise of multiple covariance-weighted weights and subsequent time, calculate the auto-covariance calculation matrix of subsequent time.
When it is implemented, the average of the vectorial estimate of measurement of subsequent time can be calculated by equation below：
Wherein,For the average of the vectorial estimate of measurement of subsequent time, Wi (m)Determined for i-th corresponding to sampled point
Mean value weighting weights, it is as follows：
And the auto-covariance calculation matrix of subsequent time is calculated by equation below：
Wherein,For k moment (subsequent time) auto-covariance calculation matrix, zi,k/k-1For the k moment ith measurement to
Measure estimate,For the average of the vectorial estimate of measurement at k moment, RkFor the variance of the measurement noise at k moment, meet that zero is equal
It is worth white Gaussian noise distribution vk~N { 0, Rk}。vkFor the systematic survey noise at k moment.
In one embodiment, S202 includes：According to the multiple state vector estimates, average of state vector estimate, multiple
Measure vectorial estimate and measure the average of vectorial estimate, calculate the Cross-covariance of subsequent time, specific formula is as follows：
Wherein,For the Cross-covariance at k moment,For the average of the state vector estimate at k moment, Wi (c)
Covariance-weighted weights corresponding to sampled point are determined for i-th.
Fig. 3 is the underground gas cut working condition determining method another kind embodiment based on the measurement of double measuring points in the embodiment of the present invention
Flow chart.As shown in figure 3, S104 is specifically included：
S301：According to multiple state vector estimates and the variance of the process noise of newest historical juncture, lower a period of time is calculated
The auto-covariance state matrix at quarter.
S302：According to auto-covariance state matrix and auto-covariance calculation matrix, the covariance matrix of subsequent time is calculated.
In one embodiment, S301 includes：It is multiple according to corresponding to multiple state vector estimates and multiple determination sampled points
Mean value weighting weights, calculate the average of the state vector estimate of subsequent time.And according to multiple state vector estimates,
Multiple covariance-weighted weights and the mistake of newest historical juncture corresponding to the average of state vector estimate, multiple determination sampled points
The variance of journey noise, calculate the auto-covariance state matrix of subsequent time.
When it is implemented, the average of the state vector estimate of subsequent time is calculated by equation below：
Wherein,For the average of the state vector estimate at k moment.
The auto-covariance state matrix of subsequent time is calculated by equation below：
Wherein, Pk/k-1For the auto-covariance state matrix at k moment, Qk-1For the variance of the process noise at k-1 moment, meet
Zero mean Gaussian white noise is distributed wk-1~N { 0, Qk-1, wk-1For the systematic procedure noise at k-1 moment.
Wi (c)Covariance-weighted weights corresponding to sampled point are determined for i-th, it is as follows：
Wherein, α is spreading factor, and β is state vector prior distribution information parameter.For the present invention, β takes Gauss point
The optimal value 2 of cloth.
In one embodiment, present invention additionally comprises：According to oneself of the Cross-covariance at k moment (subsequent time) and k moment
Covariance matrix, the kalman gain matrix at k moment is calculated, it is as follows：
Wherein, KkFor the kalman gain matrix at k moment.
Above-mentioned formula is brought into S103, then S103 is specifically included：According to the equal of the state vector estimate of subsequent time
The measurement of value, the average, the kalman gain matrix of subsequent time and subsequent time of the vectorial estimate of measurement of subsequent time is joined
Number, calculates the average of the state vector of subsequent time, as follows：
Wherein,For the average of the state vector at k moment, zkFor the measurement parameter at k moment.
Above-mentioned formula is brought into S104, then S104 is specifically included：According to the auto-covariance state matrix of subsequent time, under
The auto-covariance calculation matrix at one moment and the kalman gain matrix of subsequent time, the covariance matrix of subsequent time is calculated,
It is as follows：
Wherein, PkFor the covariance matrix at k moment.
In one embodiment, present invention additionally comprises：The state of initial time is calculated according to multiple state vectors of initial time
The average of vector；According to the mean value computation initial time of multiple state vectors of initial time and the state vector of initial time
Covariance matrix.Specific formula is as follows：
Wherein,For the average of the state vector of initial time, x0For multiple state vectors of initial time, P0To be initial
The covariance matrix at moment.
In one embodiment, present invention additionally comprises：According to the first measuring point pressure value of subsequent time, the second survey of subsequent time
Press the well head of force value and subsequent time returns outflow, determines the measurement parameter of subsequent time.Specific formula is as follows：
zk=[pm,1(tk),pm,2(tk),qm,s(tk)]T；
Wherein, zkFor the measurement parameter of subsequent time, pm,1(tk) be subsequent time the first measuring point pressure value, pm,2(tk)
For the second measuring point pressure value of subsequent time, qm,s(tk) for the well head of subsequent time return outflow.
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the double measuring point measurement apparatus in underground in the embodiment of the present invention.As shown in figure 4, the double measuring points in underground are surveyed
Amount device includes：Mud pulse generator, two measurement pipe nipples, flowmeters, pressure gauge, choke valve and slush pump.Slush pump is used
Well head is sent into extracting the mud in mud pit, pressure gauge is used for the pressure for measuring well head, and choke valve is used to enter well head pressure
Row pressurization or pressure release.Two measurement pipe nipples are arranged at the nearly drill bit in shaft bottom (measuring point 1 and measuring point 2 in Fig. 4).Between measurement pipe nipple
Connected by the way of wired drill pipe, ensure that the synchronous transfer of double measuring point measurement data, final measurement data passes through top
Mud pulse generator is sent to ground, and those skilled in the art can be decoded by ground-based computer obtains measuring point 1 and measuring point 2
Measurement parameter.In view of the Cost Problems of wired drill pipe, the distance between measuring point 1 and measuring point 2 are not easy excessive, and general value is
10m-100m is proper.It should be noted that the measurement parameter of measuring point 1 and measuring point 2 is pressure in the present invention, pass through well
The measuring point 1 and measuring point 2 of the lower pair of measuring point measurement apparatus can obtain the first measuring point pressure value and subsequent time of subsequent time respectively
Second measuring point pressure value；The well head of subsequent time can be obtained by the flowmeter of the double measuring point measurement apparatus in underground returns outflow.
In addition to pressure, measuring point 1 and measuring point 2 can be with parameters such as measurement temperature, three shaft vibrations, the pressure of the drill, moment of torsion and dielectric constants.
When implementing S106, subsequent time now is object time, and the average of the state vector of subsequent time is suitable
In the state vector x of subsequent timek, i.e.,And the expression formula of the state vector of subsequent time is as follows：
xk=[qkick(tk),hkick(tk)]T；
Now, qkick(tk) be object time (subsequent time) gas cut amount, hkick(tk) be object time gas cut position
Put.Therefore, the gas cut amount of object time and the gas cut of object time can be determined by the average of the state vector of subsequent time
Position.
In one of specific embodiment of the present invention, if the newest historical juncture was the 3rd moment, then newest historical juncture
Subsequent time be the 4th moment；If object time was the 6th moment.The present invention determines the gas cut of object time by following steps
The gas cut position of amount and object time.
1st, according to the average and the covariance matrix at the 3rd moment of the state vector at the 3rd moment, multiple 3rd moment are calculated
Determine the state vector of sampled point：
Wherein, xi,3For i-th of the 3rd moment state vector for determining sampled point,For the state vector at the 3rd moment
Average, P3For the covariance matrix at the 3rd moment, n is the dimension of state vector, and λ is scale factor,For the i-th row
2nd, the state vector of the determination sampled point at multiple 3rd moment is inputted into non-linear system status function model, is obtained
To the state vector estimate at multiple 3rd moment：
xi,4/3=f (xi,3) i=0,1 ..., 2n；
Wherein, xi,4/3For i-th of state vector estimate at the 3rd moment.
3rd, according to the state vector estimate at multiple 4th moment and multiple mean value weighting weights, the state at the 4th moment of calculating
The average of vectorial estimate：
Wherein,For the average of the state vector estimate at the 4th moment, Wi (m)Determined for i-th corresponding to sampled point
Value weighting weights.
4th, according to the state vector estimate at the multiple 4th moment, average of the state vector estimate at the 4th moment, multiple
The variance of covariance-weighted weights and the process noise at the 3rd moment, calculate the auto-covariance state matrix at the 4th moment：
Wherein, P4/3For the auto-covariance state matrix at the 4th moment, Wi (c)Covariance corresponding to sampled point is determined for i-th
Weight weights, Q3For the variance of the process noise at the 3rd moment.
5th, the state vector estimate at multiple 4th moment is inputted into wellbore hydraulics forward model, when obtaining the multiple 4th
The measurement vector estimate at quarter：
zi,4/3=h (xi,4/3) i=0,1 ..., 2n；
Wherein, zi,4/3For the ith measurement vector estimate at the 4th moment.
6th, according to the measurement vector estimate at multiple 4th moment and multiple mean value weighting weights, the measurement at the 4th moment is calculated
The average of vectorial estimate：
Wherein,For the average of the vectorial estimate of measurement at the 4th moment.
7th, according to the vectorial estimate of measurement at the multiple 4th moment, average of the vectorial estimate of measurement at the 4th moment, multiple
The variance of the measurement noise at covariance-weighted weights and the 4th moment, calculate the auto-covariance calculation matrix at the 4th moment：
Wherein,For the auto-covariance calculation matrix at the 4th moment, zi,4/3For the ith measurement vector estimation at the 4th moment
Value,For the average of the vectorial estimate of measurement at the 4th moment, R4For the variance of the measurement noise at the 4th moment.
8th, according to the state vector estimate at the multiple 4th moment, average of the state vector estimate at the 4th moment, multiple
The average of the vectorial estimate of measurement at the 4th moment and the vectorial estimate of measurement at the 4th moment, calculate the cross covariance at the 4th moment
Matrix：
Wherein,For the Cross-covariance at the 4th moment.
9th, according to the Cross-covariance and the auto-covariance calculation matrix at the 4th moment at the 4th moment, calculated for the 4th moment
Kalman gain matrix：
Wherein, K4For the kalman gain matrix at the 4th moment.
10th, according to the average of the state vector estimate at the 4th moment, the average of the vectorial estimate of measurement at the 4th moment, the
The kalman gain matrix at 4 moment and the measurement parameter at the 4th moment, calculate the average of the state vector at the 4th moment：
Wherein,For the average of the state vector at the 4th moment, z4For the measurement parameter at the 4th moment.
11st, according to the auto-covariance state matrix at the 4th moment, the auto-covariance calculation matrix at the 4th moment and the 4th moment
Kalman gain matrix, calculate the covariance matrix at the 4th moment：
Wherein, P4For the covariance matrix at the 4th moment.
12nd, judge whether subsequent time is object time：4th moment was not object time, then repeated above-mentioned 1-11, now
The newest historical juncture was the 4th moment, and its subsequent time was the 5th moment；5th moment was not object time, continued to repeat above-mentioned 1-
11, the newest historical juncture was changed to for the 5th moment, and its subsequent time was the 6th moment；6th moment was object time, then carried out next
Step：
13rd, the gas cut amount of object time and the gas cut position of object time are determined according to the average of the state vector at the 6th moment
Put：
By 1-13, the gas cut amount q of object time can be obtainedkick(t6) and object time gas cut position hkick(t6)。
To sum up, the underground gas cut working condition determining method based on the measurement of double measuring points of the embodiment of the present invention first inputs newest history
The average and covariance matrix of the state vector at moment obtain the newest historical juncture into non-linear system status function model
Multiple state vector estimates of subsequent time, then input multiple state vector estimates to wellbore hydraulics forward model and obtain
Multiple measurement vector estimates of subsequent time, the average and subsequent time of the state vector of subsequent time is further calculated
Covariance matrix.Then judge whether subsequent time is object time；If subsequent time is not object time, repeat
Content is stated, until subsequent time is object time, object time is finally determined according to the average of the state vector of subsequent time
The gas cut position of gas cut amount and object time, real time correction calculating, real time discriminating downhole gas can be carried out to underground gas cut operating mode
Invade complex working condition.
Based on same inventive concept, the embodiment of the present invention additionally provides a kind of underground gas cut operating mode based on the measurement of double measuring points
System is determined, because the principle of system solution problem is similar to the underground gas cut working condition determining method measured based on double measuring points,
Therefore the implementation of the system may refer to the implementation of method, repeats part and repeats no more.
Fig. 5 is the structured flowchart that the underground gas cut operating mode measured in the embodiment of the present invention based on double measuring points determines system.Such as
Shown in Fig. 5, the underground gas cut operating mode based on the measurement of double measuring points determines that system includes：
State vector estimates value cell, average and newest historical juncture for the state vector that inputs the newest historical juncture
Covariance matrix into the non-linear system status function model created, obtain the newest historical juncture subsequent time it is more
Individual state vector estimate；Wherein, the newest historical juncture is the average and known away from the nearest known state vector of object time
At the time of covariance matrix.
Measurement vector estimation value cell, for inputting multiple state vector estimates to the wellbore hydraulics forward modeling created
In model, multiple measurement vector estimates of subsequent time are obtained.
The equal value cell of state vector, for according to multiple state vector estimates, the vectorial estimate of multiple measurements, newest
The measurement parameter of the variance of the process noise of historical juncture, the variance of the measurement noise of subsequent time and subsequent time, under calculating
The average of the state vector at one moment.
Covariance matrix unit, for according to multiple state vector estimates, the vectorial estimate of multiple measurements, newest history
The variance of the variance of the process noise at moment and the measurement noise of subsequent time, calculate the covariance matrix of subsequent time.
Judging unit, for judging whether subsequent time is object time.
Gas cut operating mode determining unit, the average for the state vector according to subsequent time determine the gas cut amount of object time
With the gas cut position of object time.
In wherein a kind of embodiment, in addition to：
Initial cell, the average of the state vector for calculating initial time according to multiple state vectors of initial time；
According to multiple state vectors of initial time and the association of the mean value computation initial time of the state vector of initial time
Variance matrix.
In wherein a kind of embodiment, in addition to：
Measurement parameter determining module, for the first measuring point pressure value according to subsequent time, the second measuring point of subsequent time
The measurement parameter returned outflow, determine subsequent time of the well head of pressure value and subsequent time.
The underground gas cut operating mode based on the measurement of double measuring points of the embodiment of the present invention determines that system first inputs the newest historical juncture
State vector average and covariance matrix into non-linear system status function model, obtain the next of newest historical juncture
Multiple state vector estimates at moment, then input multiple state vector estimates to wellbore hydraulics forward model obtain it is next
Multiple measurement vector estimates at moment, are further calculated the average of the state vector of subsequent time and the association of subsequent time
Variance matrix.Then judge whether subsequent time is object time；If subsequent time is not object time, repeat in above-mentioned
Hold, until subsequent time is object time, the gas cut of object time is finally determined according to the average of the state vector of subsequent time
The gas cut position of amount and object time, real time correction calculating can be carried out to underground gas cut operating mode, real time discriminating underground gas cut is answered
General labourer's condition.
Based on same inventive concept, the embodiment of the present invention additionally provides a kind of computer equipment, including memory, processor
Realized below and storage is on a memory and the computer program that can run on a processor, during computing device computer program
Step：
Step 1：Input the state vector of newest historical juncture average and covariance matrix to the nonlinear system created
Unite in function of state model, obtain multiple state vector estimates of the subsequent time of newest historical juncture；Wherein, newest history
At the time of moment is average and the known covariance matrix away from the nearest known state vector of object time；
Step 2：Multiple state vector estimates are inputted into the wellbore hydraulics forward model created, obtain lower a period of time
The multiple measurement vector estimates carved；
Step 3：Made an uproar according to multiple state vector estimates, the vectorial estimate of multiple measurements, the process of newest historical juncture
The measurement parameter of the variance of sound, the variance of the measurement noise of subsequent time and subsequent time, calculate the state vector of subsequent time
Average；
Step 4：Made an uproar according to multiple state vector estimates, the vectorial estimate of multiple measurements, the process of newest historical juncture
The variance of the variance of sound and the measurement noise of subsequent time, calculate the covariance matrix of subsequent time；
Step 5：Judge whether subsequent time is object time；If subsequent time is not object time, repeat above-mentioned
Step 1 is to step 4, until subsequent time is object time；
Step 6：The gas cut amount of object time and the gas of object time are determined according to the average of the state vector of subsequent time
Invasion is put.
The computer equipment of the embodiment of the present invention first inputs the average and covariance square of the state vector of newest historical juncture
Battle array obtains multiple state vector estimates of the subsequent time of newest historical juncture into non-linear system status function model,
Multiple state vector estimates to wellbore hydraulics forward model is inputted again obtains multiple measurement vector estimates of subsequent time,
The average of the state vector of subsequent time and the covariance matrix of subsequent time is further calculated.Then subsequent time is judged
Whether it is object time；If subsequent time is not object time, repeatedly the above, until when subsequent time is target
Carve, the gas cut amount of object time and the gas cut position of object time finally determined according to the average of the state vector of subsequent time,
Real time correction calculating, real time discriminating underground gas cut complex working condition can be carried out to underground gas cut operating mode.
Based on same inventive concept, the embodiment of the present invention additionally provides a kind of computer-readable recording medium, stores thereon
There is computer program, following steps are realized when computer program is executed by processor：
Step 1：Input the state vector of newest historical juncture average and covariance matrix to the nonlinear system created
Unite in function of state model, obtain multiple state vector estimates of the subsequent time of newest historical juncture；Wherein, newest history
At the time of moment is average and the known covariance matrix away from the nearest known state vector of object time；
Step 2：Multiple state vector estimates are inputted into the wellbore hydraulics forward model created, obtain lower a period of time
The multiple measurement vector estimates carved；
Step 3：Made an uproar according to multiple state vector estimates, the vectorial estimate of multiple measurements, the process of newest historical juncture
The measurement parameter of the variance of sound, the variance of the measurement noise of subsequent time and subsequent time, calculate the state vector of subsequent time
Average；
Step 4：Made an uproar according to multiple state vector estimates, the vectorial estimate of multiple measurements, the process of newest historical juncture
The variance of the variance of sound and the measurement noise of subsequent time, calculate the covariance matrix of subsequent time；
Step 5：Judge whether subsequent time is object time；If subsequent time is not object time, repeat above-mentioned
Step 1 is to step 4, until subsequent time is object time；
Step 6：The gas cut amount of object time and the gas of object time are determined according to the average of the state vector of subsequent time
Invasion is put.
The computer-readable recording medium of the embodiment of the present invention first input the state vector of newest historical juncture average and
Covariance matrix obtains multiple state vectors of the subsequent time of newest historical juncture into non-linear system status function model
Estimate, then input multiple state vector estimates to wellbore hydraulics forward model and obtain multiple measurements vector of subsequent time
Estimate, the average of the state vector of subsequent time and the covariance matrix of subsequent time is further calculated.Then judge
Whether subsequent time is object time；If subsequent time is not object time, repeatedly the above, until subsequent time is
Object time, the gas cut amount of object time and the gas cut of object time are finally determined according to the average of the state vector of subsequent time
Position, real time correction calculating, real time discriminating underground gas cut complex working condition can be carried out to underground gas cut operating mode.
Particular embodiments described above, the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect are carried out further in detail
Describe in detail it is bright, should be understood that the foregoing is only the present invention specific embodiment, the guarantor being not intended to limit the present invention
Scope is protected, within the spirit and principles of the invention, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements done etc., should be included in this
Within the protection domain of invention.
Claims (14)
- A kind of 1. underground gas cut working condition determining method based on the measurement of double measuring points, it is characterised in that including：Step 1：Input the state vector of newest historical juncture average and covariance matrix to the nonlinear system shape created In state function model, multiple state vector estimates of the subsequent time of newest historical juncture are obtained；Wherein, the newest history At the time of moment is average and the known covariance matrix away from the nearest known state vector of object time；Step 2：The multiple state vector estimate is inputted into the wellbore hydraulics forward model created, obtain it is described under Multiple measurement vector estimates at one moment；Step 3：According to the multiple state vector estimate, the vectorial estimate of the multiple measurement, the newest historical juncture Process noise variance, the variance of the measurement noise of the subsequent time and the measurement parameter of the subsequent time, calculate institute State the average of the state vector of subsequent time；Step 4：According to the multiple state vector estimate, the vectorial estimate of the multiple measurement, the newest historical juncture Process noise variance and the subsequent time measurement noise variance, calculate the covariance matrix of the subsequent time；Step 5：Judge whether the subsequent time is object time；If the subsequent time is not the object time, 1 is repeated the above steps to step 4, until the subsequent time is object time；Step 6：The gas cut amount of the object time and the target are determined according to the average of the state vector of the subsequent time The gas cut position at moment.
- 2. the underground gas cut working condition determining method according to claim 1 based on the measurement of double measuring points, it is characterised in that described Input the state vector of newest historical juncture average and covariance matrix to the non-linear system status function model created In, multiple state vector estimates of the subsequent time of newest historical juncture are obtained, including：According to the average of the state vector of newest historical juncture and the covariance matrix of newest historical juncture, when calculating newest history The state vector for the multiple determination sampled points carved；The state vector of the multiple determination sampled point is inputted into the non-linear system status function model, obtains the most new calendar Multiple state vector estimates of the subsequent time at history moment.
- 3. the underground gas cut working condition determining method according to claim 2 based on the measurement of double measuring points, it is characterised in that described According to the multiple state vector estimate, the vectorial estimate of the multiple measurement, the process noise of the newest historical juncture Variance, the variance of the measurement noise of the subsequent time and the measurement parameter of the subsequent time, calculate the subsequent time State vector average, including：According to the vectorial estimate of the multiple measurement and the variance of the measurement noise of the subsequent time, the subsequent time is calculated Auto-covariance calculation matrix；According to the multiple state vector estimate and the multiple mutual association for measuring vectorial estimate, calculating the subsequent time Variance matrix；According to the state vector estimate, the vectorial estimate of the measurement, the auto-covariance calculation matrix, the mutually association side The measurement parameter of poor matrix and the subsequent time, calculate the average of the state vector of the subsequent time.
- 4. the underground gas cut working condition determining method according to claim 3 based on the measurement of double measuring points, it is characterised in that described According to the multiple state vector estimate, the vectorial estimate of the multiple measurement, the process noise of the newest historical juncture Variance and the subsequent time measurement noise variance, calculate the covariance matrix of the subsequent time, including：According to the multiple state vector estimate and the variance of the process noise of the newest historical juncture, calculate described next The auto-covariance state matrix at moment；According to the auto-covariance state matrix and the auto-covariance calculation matrix, the covariance square of the subsequent time is calculated Battle array.
- 5. the underground gas cut working condition determining method according to claim 4 based on the measurement of double measuring points, it is characterised in that described According to it is the multiple measurement vectorial estimate and the subsequent time measurement noise variance, calculate the subsequent time from Covariance matrix, including：According to the multiple measurement vectorial estimate and the multiple mean value weighting weights, calculate the measurement of the subsequent time to Measure the average of estimate；According to the vectorial estimate of the multiple measurement, the average of the vectorial estimate of measurement, the multiple covariance-weighted power The variance of value and the measurement noise of the subsequent time, calculate the auto-covariance calculation matrix of the subsequent time.
- 6. the underground gas cut working condition determining method according to claim 5 based on the measurement of double measuring points, it is characterised in that described According to the multiple state vector estimate and the variance of the process noise of the newest historical juncture, the subsequent time is calculated Auto-covariance state matrix, including：According to multiple mean value weighting weights corresponding to the multiple state vector estimate and the multiple determination sampled point, calculate The average of the state vector estimate of the subsequent time；According to the multiple state vector estimate, the average of the state vector estimate, the multiple determination sampled point pair The multiple covariance-weighted weights and the variance of the process noise of the newest historical juncture answered, calculate the subsequent time oneself Covariance state matrix.
- 7. the underground gas cut working condition determining method according to claim 6 based on the measurement of double measuring points, it is characterised in that described According to the multiple state vector estimate and the multiple cross covariance for measuring vectorial estimate, calculating the subsequent time Matrix, including：According to the multiple state vector estimate, the average of the state vector estimate, the multiple measurement vector estimation The average of value and the vectorial estimate of measurement, calculate the Cross-covariance of the subsequent time.
- 8. the underground gas cut working condition determining method according to claim 1 based on the measurement of double measuring points, it is characterised in that also wrap Include：The average of the state vector of initial time is calculated according to multiple state vectors of initial time；According to the mean value computation initial time of multiple state vectors of the initial time and the state vector of the initial time Covariance matrix.
- 9. the underground gas cut working condition determining method according to claim 1 based on the measurement of double measuring points, it is characterised in that also wrap Include：According to the first measuring point pressure value of the subsequent time, the second measuring point pressure value of the subsequent time and described lower a period of time The well head at quarter returns outflow, determines the measurement parameter of the subsequent time.
- 10. a kind of underground gas cut operating mode based on the measurement of double measuring points determines system, it is characterised in that including：State vector estimates value cell, average and the association of newest historical juncture for the state vector that inputs the newest historical juncture Variance matrix obtains multiple shapes of the subsequent time of newest historical juncture into the non-linear system status function model created State vector estimate；Wherein, the newest historical juncture is the average and known away from the nearest known state vector of object time At the time of covariance matrix；Measurement vector estimation value cell, for inputting the multiple state vector estimate to the wellbore hydraulics forward modeling created In model, multiple measurement vector estimates of the subsequent time are obtained；The equal value cell of state vector, for according to the multiple state vector estimate, the vectorial estimate of the multiple measurement, The variance of the process noise of the newest historical juncture, the variance of the measurement noise of the subsequent time and the subsequent time Measurement parameter, calculate the average of the state vector of the subsequent time；Covariance matrix unit, for according to the multiple state vector estimate, the vectorial estimate of the multiple measurement, described The variance of the variance of the process noise of newest historical juncture and the measurement noise of the subsequent time, calculate the subsequent time Covariance matrix；Judging unit, for judging whether the subsequent time is object time；Gas cut operating mode determining unit, the average for the state vector according to the subsequent time determine the gas of the object time The gas cut position of the amount of invading and the object time.
- 11. the underground gas cut operating mode according to claim 10 based on the measurement of double measuring points determines system, it is characterised in that also Including：Initial cell, the average of the state vector for calculating initial time according to multiple state vectors of initial time；According to the mean value computation initial time of multiple state vectors of the initial time and the state vector of the initial time Covariance matrix.
- 12. the underground gas cut operating mode according to claim 10 based on the measurement of double measuring points determines system, it is characterised in that also Including：Measurement parameter determining module, for the first measuring point pressure value according to the subsequent time, the second of the subsequent time The measurement parameter returned outflow, determine the subsequent time of the well head of measuring point pressure value and the subsequent time.
- 13. a kind of computer equipment, including memory, processor and storage are on a memory and the meter that can run on a processor Calculation machine program, it is characterised in that realize following steps during computer program described in the computing device：Step 1：Input the state vector of newest historical juncture average and covariance matrix to the nonlinear system shape created In state function model, multiple state vector estimates of the subsequent time of newest historical juncture are obtained；Wherein, the newest history At the time of moment is average and the known covariance matrix away from the nearest known state vector of object time；Step 2：The multiple state vector estimate is inputted into the wellbore hydraulics forward model created, obtain it is described under Multiple measurement vector estimates at one moment；Step 3：According to the multiple state vector estimate, the vectorial estimate of the multiple measurement, the newest historical juncture Process noise variance, the variance of the measurement noise of the subsequent time and the measurement parameter of the subsequent time, calculate institute State the average of the state vector of subsequent time；Step 4：According to the multiple state vector estimate, the vectorial estimate of the multiple measurement, the newest historical juncture Process noise variance and the subsequent time measurement noise variance, calculate the covariance matrix of the subsequent time；Step 5：Judge whether the subsequent time is object time；If the subsequent time is not the object time, 1 is repeated the above steps to step 4, until the subsequent time is object time；Step 6：The gas cut amount of the object time and the target are determined according to the average of the state vector of the subsequent time The gas cut position at moment.
- 14. a kind of computer-readable recording medium, it is stored thereon with computer program (instruction), it is characterised in that the calculating Machine program (instruction) realizes following steps when being executed by processor：Step 1：Input the state vector of newest historical juncture average and covariance matrix to the nonlinear system shape created In state function model, multiple state vector estimates of the subsequent time of newest historical juncture are obtained；Wherein, the newest history At the time of moment is average and the known covariance matrix away from the nearest known state vector of object time；Step 2：The multiple state vector estimate is inputted into the wellbore hydraulics forward model created, obtain it is described under Multiple measurement vector estimates at one moment；Step 3：According to the multiple state vector estimate, the vectorial estimate of the multiple measurement, the newest historical juncture Process noise variance, the variance of the measurement noise of the subsequent time and the measurement parameter of the subsequent time, calculate institute State the average of the state vector of subsequent time；Step 4：According to the multiple state vector estimate, the vectorial estimate of the multiple measurement, the newest historical juncture Process noise variance and the subsequent time measurement noise variance, calculate the covariance matrix of the subsequent time；Step 5：Judge whether the subsequent time is object time；If the subsequent time is not the object time, 1 is repeated the above steps to step 4, until the subsequent time is object time；Step 6：The gas cut amount of the object time and the target are determined according to the average of the state vector of the subsequent time The gas cut position at moment.
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