CN107723545A - A kind of low-density and high-strength magnesium lithium alloy and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

A kind of low-density and high-strength magnesium lithium alloy and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107723545A
CN107723545A CN201710990675.9A CN201710990675A CN107723545A CN 107723545 A CN107723545 A CN 107723545A CN 201710990675 A CN201710990675 A CN 201710990675A CN 107723545 A CN107723545 A CN 107723545A
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lithium alloy
magnesium
magnesium lithium
density
low
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Inventor
葛大梁
朱权
乔培玉
杨会齐
龚斌
吴国清
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JIANGSU LIMEI AVIATION MATERIAL TECHNOLOGY CO LTD
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JIANGSU LIMEI AVIATION MATERIAL TECHNOLOGY CO LTD
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
    • C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C23/00—Alloys based on magnesium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/06—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of magnesium or alloys based thereon

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a kind of low-density and high-strength magnesium lithium alloy and preparation method thereof, the component and its mass percent of this magnesium lithium alloy are：11 ~ 15%Li, 0.5 ~ 4%Al, 0.05 ~ 0.5%Zr, 0.2 ~ 1.2%La, 0.1 ~ 0.6%Ce, Impurity Fe, Ni, Cu, Si total amount≤0.2%, surplus Mg.Magnesium lithium alloy preparation method involved in the present invention is：Vacuum induction melting and plastic deformation processing.The present invention has higher intensity and plasticity, while machining property is outstanding by alloying, crystal grain refinement, the magnesium lithium alloy of deformation process means processing on the premise of low-density is ensured.

Description

A kind of low-density and high-strength magnesium lithium alloy and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of low-density and high-strength magnesium lithium alloy and preparation method thereof, more particularly to a kind of vacuum induction without Solvent low-density and high-strength magnesium lithium alloy and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
As modern science and technology is further urgent to the pursuit of equipment lightweight and energy-saving and emission-reduction, novel low density, high intensity material The exploitation of material is also increasingly paid close attention to by research staff, and history is it has been proved that material is the material base of human social development And guide, and new material is then the milestone of progress of human society.And magnesium lithium alloy is as being currently known knot most light in theory Structure material, turn into the focus studied both at home and abroad in recent years.Magnesium lithium alloy not only has higher specific stiffness, specific strength, also good Good machinability, and also have outstanding performance in electromagnetism interference, damping etc., thus Aero-Space, There is preferable application potential in the field such as military project and electronic product.
The density of magnesium lithium alloy is generally 1.35 ~ 1.65g/cm3, and with the change of lithium content in material, not only density has Institute is different, and the institutional framework of alloy can also change.When lithium content is less than 5.7% in the material, it is dissolved by base of magnesium, Alloy internal organizational structure is α phases, and in close-packed hexagonal (hcp) crystal structure, this structural strength is higher, but deformability Difference, processing difficulties.With the increase of lithium content, alloy structure is changed into close-packed hexagonal (hcp) and body-centered by close-packed hexagonal (hcp) Cube (bcc) exists jointly, and at this moment the deformability of material has obtained certain improvement.When lithium content is higher than 10.3% in material When, alloy structure is completely transformed into body-centered cubic (bcc) structure, and this structure possesses excellent deformability, and material plasticity shows Write and improve, processing characteristics has obtained larger improvement, but the mechanical strength of material has declined simultaneously.
The main method for improving magnesium lithium alloy performance at present has, and control lithium content is among 5.7% ~ 10.3%, except Li elements Other alloying element percentage compositions can so form two-phase and magnesium lithium alloy, while more than 3% alloy coexists more than 3% in addition The addition of element can increase substantially alloy mechanical property, but constituent element as alloy and proportioning certainly will cause magnesium lithium alloy close Spend in 1.5 more than g/cm3, thus greatly reduce ordinary magnesium alloy and advantage of the magnesium lithium alloy in density, cause Magnesium lithium alloy is applying upper difficulty.
The content of the invention
In order to solve problem above, the invention provides a kind of low-density and high-strength magnesium lithium alloy and preparation method thereof, Under conditions of ensureing magnesium lithium alloy low-density advantage, by alloying, deformation process improves the intensity of alloy.It is prepared by methods described Magnesium lithium alloy, there is the advantage such as grain structure fine uniform, higher intensity, plasticity, be advantageous to promote follow-up commercial Application.
To achieve the above object, the technical scheme is that：A kind of low-density and high-strength magnesium lithium alloy, alloy compositions and Its mass percent is 11 ~ 15%Li, 0.5 ~ 4%Al, 0.05 ~ 0.5%Zr, 0.2 ~ 1.2%La, 0.1 ~ 0.6%Ce, Impurity Fe, Ni, Cu, Si total amount≤0.2%, surplus Mg.
The invention provides the preparation method of above-mentioned magnesium lithium alloy, the preparation method is divided into vacuum induction melting and plasticity Deformation process technique；The vacuum induction melting comprises the following steps：
（1）Weighed according to the magnesium lithium alloy component and its mass percent in the pure magnesium of certain mass, pure lithium, fine aluminium, Mg-Zr Between alloy, Mg-La intermediate alloys, Mg-Ce intermediate alloys, by pure magnesium, fine aluminium, Mg-Zr intermediate alloys, Mg-La intermediate alloys, Mg-Ce intermediate alloys carry out drying and processing under conditions of 200 ~ 250 DEG C；
（2）Pure magnesium ingot after drying is put into crucible, before melting starts, furnace atmosphere is evacuated to below 1Pa, Ran Houxiang 20 ~ 86Kpa argon gas is filled with stove and serves as protective gas, is then begun to warm up, crucible temperature control carries out pure magnesium for 750 ~ 800 DEG C Fusing is until magnesium ingot fusing finishes；
（3）Treat that magnesium ingot fusing finishes control magnesium liquid temperature at 740 ~ 750 DEG C, added successively by the cabin that fed in vacuum induction melting furnace Add Mg-Zr intermediate alloys, Mg-La intermediate alloys, Mg-Ce intermediate alloys, melt temperature is controlled after the completion of fusing at 680 ~ 730 DEG C Add Li ingots and fine aluminium；
（4）Treat to control melt temperature after alloying element fusing at 680 ~ 700 DEG C, carrying out machinery to melt using puddler stirs To mix, mixing speed is 20 ~ 400r/min, and mixing time is 5 ~ 30min, after the completion of stirring, the static 30 ~ 120min of melt；
（5）Melt temperature is controlled to be cast in ready mould the melt after standing through chute at 680 ~ 700 DEG C, obtain Described magnesium lithium alloy ingot casting.
Preferably, described Al, Zr, La, Ce alloying element gross mass percentage is no more than 4%.
Preferably, ceramic filtering device of the described chute built with 0.1 ~ 5mm of aperture.
Preferably, described casting die preheating temperature is 100 ~ 250 DEG C.
Described plastic deformation process：Described magnesium lithium alloy ingot casting at 280 ~ 350 DEG C homogenize within 4 ~ 24 hours Processing, then carries out plastic deformation processing at a temperature of 250 ~ 350 DEG C.
A kind of technical characterstic of low-density and high-strength magnesium lithium alloy provided by the present invention and preparation method thereof is：11%~ 15% high lithium content ensure that 1.30 ~ 1.40g/cm3 of magnesium lithium alloy low-density advantage, while high lithium content causes at alloy In β monophase fields, alloy elongation percentage improves, and processing characteristics improves.The addition of alloy element Al can increase substantially magnesium lithium alloy Intensity；The addition of Zr elements, there is extremely significant thinning effect to magnesium lithium alloy, improve as-cast structure so as to improve alloy Mechanical property；La, Ce addition form Mg simultaneously3Ce、Mg17Ce、Mg17La2、Al3La phases, these are mutually pinned at crystal boundary, can To hinder dislocation motion and sliding, moreover it is possible to suppress the Mg of heat endurance difference17Al12Generation and crystal grain grow up, while these disperses The phase of distribution can also play a part of dispersion-strengtherning, and then improve the intensity of magnesium lithium alloy.
A kind of the advantages of low-density and high-strength magnesium lithium alloy provided by the present invention and preparation method thereof is to ensure magnesium lithium Under conditions of alloy low-density, by adding alloying element magnesium lithium alloy uniform small grains, while the intensity of material has It is obviously improved, properties for follow is good, convenient production process operation, safety.
Embodiment
The invention provides a kind of low-density and high-strength magnesium lithium alloy and preparation method thereof, is ensureing magnesium lithium alloy low-density Under conditions of advantage, by alloying, deformation process improves the intensity of alloy.Magnesium lithium alloy prepared by methods described, there is crystalline substance Grain fine microstructures are uniform, the advantage such as higher intensity, plasticity.
The technical scheme is that：A kind of low-density and high-strength magnesium lithium alloy, alloy compositions and its mass percent are 11 ~ 15%Li, 0.5 ~ 4%Al, 0.05 ~ 0.5%Zr, 0.2 ~ 1.2%La, 0.1 ~ 0.6%Ce, Impurity Fe, Ni, Cu, Si total amount≤ 0.2%, surplus Mg.
The preparation method of the low-density and high-strength magnesium lithium alloy is divided into vacuum induction melting and plastic deformation processing, wherein institute Vacuum induction melting is stated to comprise the following steps：
（1）Weighed according to the magnesium lithium alloy component and its mass percent in the pure magnesium of certain mass, pure lithium, fine aluminium, Mg-Zr Between alloy, Mg-La intermediate alloys, Mg-Ce intermediate alloys, by pure magnesium, fine aluminium, Mg-Zr intermediate alloys, Mg-La intermediate alloys, Mg-Ce intermediate alloys carry out drying and processing under conditions of 200 ~ 250 DEG C；
（2）Pure magnesium ingot after drying is put into crucible, before melting starts, furnace atmosphere is evacuated to below 1Pa, Ran Houxiang 20 ~ 86Kpa argon gas is filled with stove and serves as protective gas, is then begun to warm up, crucible temperature control carries out pure magnesium for 750 ~ 800 DEG C Fusing is until magnesium ingot fusing finishes；
（3）Treat that magnesium ingot fusing finishes control magnesium liquid temperature at 740 ~ 750 DEG C, added successively by the cabin that fed in vacuum induction melting furnace Add Mg-Zr intermediate alloys, Mg-La intermediate alloys, Mg-Ce intermediate alloys, melt temperature is controlled after the completion of fusing 680 ~ 730 ℃；
(4) treat to control melt temperature after alloying element fusing at 680 ~ 700 DEG C, carrying out machinery to melt using puddler stirs To mix, mixing speed is 20 ~ 400r/min, and mixing time is 5 ~ 30min, after the completion of stirring, the static 30 ~ 120min of melt；
(5) melt temperature is controlled to be cast in ready mould the melt after standing through chute at 680 ~ 700 DEG C, obtain Described magnesium lithium alloy ingot casting.
Described plastic deformation process：The magnesium lithium alloy ingot casting is carried out at 4 ~ 24 hours homogenization at 250 ~ 350 DEG C Reason, then carries out plastic deformation processing at a temperature of 250 ~ 350 DEG C.
Vacuum induction melting of the present invention and plastic deformation handling process are described further below by embodiment, simultaneously It should be understood that these embodiments contribute to the explanation present invention, rather than limitation of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of low-density and high-strength magnesium lithium alloy, its constituent mass percentage are：14%Li, 1.5%Al, 0.2%Zr, 0.8%La, 0.2%Ce, Impurity Fe, Ni, Cu, Si total amount≤0.2%, surplus Mg.By pure magnesium, fine aluminium, Mg-30Zr intermediate alloys, Mg- 35La intermediate alloys, Mg-25Ce intermediate alloys carry out drying and processing under conditions of 250 DEG C.Pure magnesium ingot after drying is put Enter in crucible, before melting starts, furnace atmosphere is evacuated to below 1Pa, 70Kpa argon gas is then filled with into stove and serves as protection gas Body, then begin to warm up, crucible temperature control carries out pure magnesium fusing until magnesium ingot fusing finishes for 780 DEG C.Treat that magnesium ingot has melted Finish control magnesium liquid temperature at 740 DEG C, Mg-30Zr intermediate alloys, Mg- are added by the cabin that fed in vacuum induction melting furnace successively 35La intermediate alloys, Mg-25Ce intermediate alloys, melt temperature is controlled to add Li ingots and fine aluminium at 680 DEG C after the completion of fusing；Wait to close Gold element controls melt temperature at 690 DEG C after melting, carry out mechanical agitation to melt using puddler, mixing speed is 300r/min, mixing time 20min, after the completion of stirring, the static 30min of melt.Melt temperature is controlled to be stood at 680 DEG C Melt afterwards is cast to through chute in the mould of 130 DEG C of preheating temperature, obtains magnesium lithium alloy ingot casting.
Then plastic deformation process is carried out：The magnesium lithium alloy ingot casting is carried out at 4 hours homogenizing annealings at 300 DEG C Reason, influenceed with eliminating segregation, imbalance crystal that material occurs in casting process etc..Before hot extrusion by ingot casting, dummy block, squeeze Compression mould is individually placed to chamber type electric resistance furnace heating, and when resistance furnace reaches 300 DEG C of design temperature, insulation 3h is to make ingot casting overall It is heated evenly.Extrusion temperature is set to 260 DEG C, extrusion speed 0.8mm/s, extrusion ratio 68:1.Using colloidal graphite mixed with water Extrusion die is lubricated, to reduce the friction of ingot casting and mould.Product after hot extrusion is air-cooled to room temperature, obtains low-density High strength magnesium lithium alloy.
The low-density and high-strength magnesium lithium alloy of gained at room temperature, Vickers hardness 67HV, tensile strength 247MPa, Yield strength is 218MPa, elongation percentage 17%.
Embodiment 2
A kind of low-density and high-strength magnesium lithium alloy, its constituent mass percentage are：12%Li, 1%Al, 0.5%Zr, 0.8%La, 0.6% Ce, Impurity Fe, Ni, Cu, Si total amount≤0.2%, surplus Mg.By pure magnesium, fine aluminium, Mg-30Zr intermediate alloys, Mg-35La Intermediate alloy, Mg-25Ce intermediate alloys carry out drying and processing under conditions of 250 DEG C；Pure magnesium ingot after drying is put into earthenware In crucible, before melting starts, furnace atmosphere is evacuated to below 1Pa, 70Kpa argon gas is then filled with into stove and serves as protective gas, Then begin to warm up, crucible temperature control carries out pure magnesium fusing until magnesium ingot fusing finishes for 780 DEG C.Treat that magnesium ingot fusing finishes control Magnesium liquid temperature processed is added in Mg-30Zr intermediate alloys, Mg-35La successively at 740 DEG C by the cabin that fed in vacuum induction melting furnace Between alloy, Mg-25Ce intermediate alloys, control melt temperature to add Li ingots and fine aluminium at 680 DEG C after the completion of fusing.Treat alloying element Melt temperature is controlled after fusing at 690 DEG C, mechanical agitation, mixing speed 300r/ are carried out to melt using puddler Min, mixing time 20min, after the completion of stirring, the static 30min of melt.Melt temperature is controlled at 680 DEG C, will be molten after standing Body is cast in ready mould through chute, obtains magnesium lithium alloy ingot casting.
Then plastic deformation process is carried out：The magnesium lithium alloy ingot casting is incubated into 12h at 300 DEG C to carry out at homogenization Reason, then cool to 250 DEG C with the furnace, be incubated 3h.Ingot casting is taken out according to sectional area 1.4:1 carries out flat-die forging, obtains low-density High strength magnesium lithium alloy.
The low-density and high-strength magnesium lithium alloy of gained at room temperature, Vickers hardness 72HV, tensile strength 262MPa, Yield strength is 227MPa, elongation percentage 13%.

Claims (7)

  1. A kind of 1. low-density and high-strength magnesium lithium alloy and preparation method thereof, it is characterised in that low-density and high-strength magnesium lithium alloy group Divide and mass percent is：11 ~ 15%Li, 0.5 ~ 4%Al, 0.05 ~ 0.5%Zr, 0.2 ~ 1.2%La, 0.1 ~ 0.6%Ce, impurity element Fe, Ni, Cu, Si total amount≤0.2%, surplus Mg.
  2. 2. low-density and high-strength magnesium lithium alloy according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described Al, Zr, La, Ce alloy Element gross mass percentage is no more than 4%.
  3. 3. a kind of low-density and high-strength magnesium lithium alloy and preparation method thereof, it is characterised in that the preparation of magnesium lithium alloy is divided into vacuum Induction melting and plastic deformation handling process；The vacuum induction melting comprises the following steps：
    Step 1（Raw material prepares）：The pure magnesium, pure of certain mass is weighed according to the magnesium lithium alloy component and its mass percent Lithium, fine aluminium, Mg-Zr intermediate alloys, Mg-La intermediate alloys, Mg-Ce intermediate alloys, by pure magnesium, fine aluminium, Mg-Zr intermediate alloys, Mg-La intermediate alloys, Mg-Ce intermediate alloys carry out drying and processing under conditions of 200 ~ 250 DEG C；
    Step 2（Molten magnesium）：Pure magnesium ingot after drying is put into crucible, before melting starts, by furnace atmosphere be evacuated to 1Pa with Under, 20 ~ 86Kpa argon gas is then filled with into stove and serves as protective gas, is then begun to warm up, crucible temperature control is 750 ~ 800 DEG C pure magnesium fusing is carried out, until magnesium ingot fusing finishes；
    Step 3（Alloying element adds）：Treat that magnesium ingot fusing finishes control magnesium liquid temperature at 740 ~ 750 DEG C, melted by vacuum induction Mg-Zr intermediate alloys, Mg-La intermediate alloys, Mg-Ce intermediate alloys are added in refining furnace charge cabin successively, are controlled after the completion of fusing Melt temperature adds Li ingots and fine aluminium at 680 ~ 730 DEG C；
    Step 4（Refining）：Treat to control melt temperature after alloying element fusing at 680 ~ 700 DEG C, using puddler to melt Mechanical agitation is carried out, mixing speed is 20 ~ 400r/min, and mixing time is 5 ~ 30min, after the completion of stirring, melt standing 30 ~ 120min；
    Step 5（Casting）：Control melt temperature that the melt after standing is cast into ready mould through chute at 680 ~ 700 DEG C In tool, described magnesium lithium alloy ingot casting is obtained.
  4. 4. low-density and high-strength magnesium lithium alloy according to claim 3 step 5 and preparation method thereof, it is characterised in that institute Ceramic filtering device of the chute stated built with 0.1 ~ 5mm of aperture.
  5. 5. low-density and high-strength magnesium lithium alloy according to claim 3 step 5 and preparation method thereof, it is characterised in that institute The casting mould stated, mold temperature is 100 ~ 250 DEG C when it is cast.
  6. 6. low-density and high-strength magnesium lithium alloy according to claim 3 and preparation method thereof, it is characterised in that described modeling Property deformation technique：The magnesium lithium alloy ingot casting is subjected to 4 ~ 24 hours Homogenization Treatments at 280 ~ 350 DEG C, then 250 ~ 350 Plastic deformation processing is carried out at a temperature of DEG C.
  7. 7. low-density and high-strength magnesium lithium alloy according to claim 6 and preparation method thereof, it is characterised in that described modeling Property deformation technique can be forging, extruding, punching press or rolling in one or more kinds of combinations.
CN201710990675.9A 2017-10-23 2017-10-23 A kind of low-density and high-strength magnesium lithium alloy and preparation method thereof Pending CN107723545A (en)

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109127974A (en) * 2018-10-15 2019-01-04 临沂高新区双航材料科技有限公司 A kind of forging method of helmet magnesium lithium-base alloy guide rail
CN110144504A (en) * 2019-06-26 2019-08-20 航天材料及工艺研究所 Ultralight high-strength magnesium lithium alloy of one kind and preparation method thereof
CN113430435A (en) * 2021-06-23 2021-09-24 西安四方超轻材料有限公司 High-performance two-phase magnesium-lithium alloy material and preparation method thereof
CN114015918A (en) * 2021-10-12 2022-02-08 北京理工大学 Low-density high-strength high-modulus magnesium-lithium alloy and preparation method thereof
CN114277295A (en) * 2021-11-30 2022-04-05 郑州大学 High-strength magnesium-lithium alloy with weak basal plane texture and preparation method thereof

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109127974A (en) * 2018-10-15 2019-01-04 临沂高新区双航材料科技有限公司 A kind of forging method of helmet magnesium lithium-base alloy guide rail
CN110144504A (en) * 2019-06-26 2019-08-20 航天材料及工艺研究所 Ultralight high-strength magnesium lithium alloy of one kind and preparation method thereof
CN113430435A (en) * 2021-06-23 2021-09-24 西安四方超轻材料有限公司 High-performance two-phase magnesium-lithium alloy material and preparation method thereof
CN114015918A (en) * 2021-10-12 2022-02-08 北京理工大学 Low-density high-strength high-modulus magnesium-lithium alloy and preparation method thereof
CN114015918B (en) * 2021-10-12 2022-07-08 北京理工大学 Low-density high-strength high-modulus magnesium-lithium alloy and preparation method thereof
CN114277295A (en) * 2021-11-30 2022-04-05 郑州大学 High-strength magnesium-lithium alloy with weak basal plane texture and preparation method thereof

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