CN107721784A - A kind of azido composite solidpropellant for including combination stabilization agent - Google Patents
A kind of azido composite solidpropellant for including combination stabilization agent Download PDFInfo
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- CN107721784A CN107721784A CN201711084990.1A CN201711084990A CN107721784A CN 107721784 A CN107721784 A CN 107721784A CN 201711084990 A CN201711084990 A CN 201711084990A CN 107721784 A CN107721784 A CN 107721784A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B33/00—Compositions containing particulate metal, alloy, boron, silicon, selenium or tellurium with at least one oxygen supplying material which is either a metal oxide or a salt, organic or inorganic, capable of yielding a metal oxide
- C06B33/08—Compositions containing particulate metal, alloy, boron, silicon, selenium or tellurium with at least one oxygen supplying material which is either a metal oxide or a salt, organic or inorganic, capable of yielding a metal oxide with a nitrated organic compound
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B23/00—Compositions characterised by non-explosive or non-thermic constituents
- C06B23/006—Stabilisers (e.g. thermal stabilisers)
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B23/00—Compositions characterised by non-explosive or non-thermic constituents
- C06B23/009—Wetting agents, hydrophobing agents, dehydrating agents, antistatic additives, viscosity improvers, antiagglomerating agents, grinding agents and other additives for working up
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B45/00—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product
- C06B45/04—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product comprising solid particles dispersed in solid solution or matrix not used for explosives where the matrix consists essentially of nitrated carbohydrates or a low molecular organic explosive
- C06B45/06—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product comprising solid particles dispersed in solid solution or matrix not used for explosives where the matrix consists essentially of nitrated carbohydrates or a low molecular organic explosive the solid solution or matrix containing an organic component
- C06B45/08—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product comprising solid particles dispersed in solid solution or matrix not used for explosives where the matrix consists essentially of nitrated carbohydrates or a low molecular organic explosive the solid solution or matrix containing an organic component the dispersed solid containing an inorganic explosive or an inorganic thermic component
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of azido composite solidpropellant for including combination stabilization agent, the components of following parts by weight is included:Adhesive:7%~12.5%;Plasticizer:11%~18%;Oxidant:10%~73%;The explosive containing energy:0%~60%;Metal fuel:5%~19%;Curing agent:0.5%~1.0%;Curing catalysts:0.05%;Stabilization agent:0.3%~0.6%;Bonding agent:0.2%;Crosslinking agent:0.05%~0.1%.Azido composite solidpropellant of the present invention comprising combination stabilization agent has good shelf characteric, and storage process mechanical property rate of change is less than 20%.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to composite solidpropellant field, and in particular to a kind of azido complex solid for including combination stabilization agent
Propellant.
Background technology
Energetic material is power source and the power source of weapon, is that armament systems are realized Long-range precision strike and efficiently injured
Material base.In energetic material, the most important purposes of polymer is exactly to be used as adhesive.Adhesive is the important of energetic material
Part, it is the matrix and skeleton of energetic material, only in the presence of it, by occurring with curing agent, crosslinking agent etc.
Reaction forms certain network structure, and other components can bond together in energetic material, so that energetic material is kept
Certain geometry and good mechanical property.In addition, it also provides C, H, O, N needed for burning etc. for energetic material simultaneously
Element, there is important influence to energy characteristics, combustibility, ageing properties of energetic material etc..
The progress of polymer is considered as to promote the key technology of whole energetic material development always in energetic material.
Especially in solid propellant, adhesive is considered as the heart of solid propellant, is the mark that solid propellant updates.
Improve one of important goal that energy is energetic material research all the time, will contain can group be incorporated into be formed in inert polymer and contain energy
Polymer turns into one of effective ways.The polymer containing energy can not only play a part of inert polymer in energetic material, and
It itself also carry different degrees of energy unit.Compared with traditional inert binder, containing can polymer adhesive it is close
Degree is general bigger so that armament systems can carry more energetic materials under identical volume, and then make armament systems
Possess farther range, faster fltting speed, higher damage effects.70 annual later stage of 20th century, Frankel et al. have found
Double (azido-methyl) cyclopropane of single nitrine cycloalkane and 2,2- have good impact sensitivity, and the nitrine class with similar structures contains
Energy polymer is developed rapidly.With double (azido-methyl) the oxa- fourth ring-tetrahydrochysene furans of glycidyl azide polymer GAP, poly- 3,3-
The copolyether BAMO/THF, code name PBT etc. that mutters is the Azido Energetic adhesive of representative, turns into high energy, insensitiveness, low feature propellant and uses
The important raw material containing energy.
Nitrine class polymer containing energy contains the nitrine side base that generation heat is 355KJ/mol, and energy is high, and its thermal decomposition is prior to master
Chain and independent progress, compared to common without energy polymer adhesive, Re Genggao is generated, thermostability is good, oxygen balance coefficient height, machine
Tool sensitivity is low, and good with nitrate ester plasticizer compatibility, therefore can not only increase the energy of energetic material, and can also play and add
The effect that fast energetic material decomposes, has high burning rate test.Experimental studies have found that the azido complex solid of nitrate plasticising pushes away
Entering developing agent storage process has good chemical stability, and combustibility is stable, and weak point is that mechanical property rate of change is larger, with
Longer storage duration, propellant the maximum tensile strength improve, and maximum elongation rate reduces, 70 DEG C of high temperature accelerated ageings three months both
Rate of change be more than 40%, according to routine accelerated aging test estimate propellant storage life about 5 years.Due to missile armament system
System has the characteristics of first use, store for a long time, usually requires that propellant used has good shelf characteric, to meet weapon
The long storage life of system, high reliability requirement.Therefore, the azido composite solidpropellant of nitrate plasticising needs to improve
Its mechanical property, reduce storage process mechanical property rate of change, to extend its service life.
The content of the invention
The present invention seeks to overcome above mentioned problem, there is provided one kind includes combination stabilization agent, realizes the nitrine of nitrate plasticising
Base composite solidpropellant, 70 DEG C of high temperature accelerated ageings, three months mechanical property rates of change are less than 20%.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention is:
A kind of azido composite solidpropellant for including combination stabilization agent, include the component of following parts by weight:
Adhesive:7%~12.5%;
Plasticizer:11%~18%;
Oxidant:10%~73%;
The explosive containing energy:0%~60%;
Metal fuel:5%~19%;
Curing agent:0.5%~1.0%;
Curing catalysts:0.05%;
Stabilization agent:0.3%~0.6%;
Bonding agent:0.2%;
Crosslinking agent:0.05%~0.1%.
The oxidant is ammonium perchlorate AP;
The metal fuel is aluminium powder Al;
The curing catalysts are triphenyl bismuth TPB;
The bonding agent is neutral polymer NPBA.
Described adhesive is that double (azido-methyl) the oxa- fourth ring-tetrahydrofurans of glycidyl azide polymer GAP, poly- 3,3- are common
One kind in polyethers BAMO/THF, code name PBT.
The plasticizer be nitroglycerine NG, BTTN BTTN, triethylene glycol dinitrate TEGDN,
Diglycol dinitrate DEGDN, trimethylolethane trimethacrylate nitrate TMETN, N- butyl nitre oxygen ethyl nitramine Bu-
NENA, double (2,2- dinitros propyl alcohol) formals/bis- (2,2- dinitros propyl alcohol) acetal (1:1) one or both of A3 groups
Close.
The explosive containing energy is one in HMX HMX, RDX RDX, Hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane CL-20
Kind.
The curing agent is six methine polyisocyanates LM-100 or itself and toluene di-isocyanate(TDI) TDI, diphenyl-methane
4,4- diisocyanate MDI composition.
The stabilization agent is N- methyl paranitroaniline MNA, 2- nitrodiphenylamine 2-NDPA, N- (1,3- dimethyl butyrates
Base)-N'- diphenyl-para-phenylene diamines antioxidant 4020, carbon black N330 mixture, match as 1.5~2.5:1~1.5:0.5~
1.0:0.5~1.0.
The crosslinking agent is one kind in triethanolamine TEA, glycerine, trimethylolpropane TMP.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
(1) stabilization agent of the present invention is combination stabilization agent --- N- methyl paranitroaniline MNA, 2- nitrodiphenylamines 2-
NDPA, N- (1,3- dimethylbutyls)-N'- diphenyl-para-phenylene diamines antioxidant 4020, carbon black N330 mixture.By using this
Stabilization agent is combined, realizes mechanical property after 70 DEG C of the azido composite solidpropellant high temperature accelerated ageing three months of nitrate plasticising
Energy rate of change more than 40% by improving to less than 20%.
Nitrate and propellant containing nitrate esters must be added to stabilization agent and carry out invariability treatment, to absorb nitrate decomposition
The nitrogen oxide and its free radical of releasing, so as to suppress the reaction of the Autocatalytic decomposition of nitrate.
N- methyl paranitroanilines MNA has the ability of very strong set nitrogen oxide, therefore has to nitrate effective steady
It is set for using, shortcoming is to consume too fast.And the nitrosation speed at 2- nitrodiphenylamines 2-NDPA initial stage is slower, consumption is slow, both
It is applied in combination, its complementation time can be extended, realizes 70 DEG C of high temperature of azido composite solidpropellant of nitrate plasticising
Three months process nitric acid ester contents of accelerated ageing are constant, and propellant the maximum tensile strength is constant.
40~45 DEG C of N- (1,3- dimethylbutyl)-N'- diphenyl-para-phenylene diamine antioxidant 4020s fusing point, suitable for nitrate
Conventional 50~55 DEG C of safe manufacturing temperature of composite solidpropellant, easily dissolve in nitrate ester polyether adhesive composition, favorable dispersibility.
There is two phenyl ring on molecule absorption nitrate to decompose NO2Characteristic, two amidos can occur anti-with curing agent isocyanates
Should, slacken hydroxyl and the isocyanate-crosslinked reaction solidify afterwards degree of curing agent on propellant storage process adhesive.Carbon black N330
With strengthening action, mechanical properties of propellant the maximum tensile strength can be improved, while its surface is in the characteristic of subacidity, is had
Slow down the effect of amido/hydroxyl and the isocyanate-crosslinked curing reaction degree of curing agent.N- (1,3- dimethylbutyls)-N'- benzene
Base p-phenylenediamine antioxidant 4020 and carbon black N330 are applied in combination, it is ensured that the azido complex solid of nitrate plasticising promotes
While agent the maximum tensile strength, slow down 70 DEG C of high temperature accelerated ageing process nitrine based adhesive solidify afterwards degree, realize and promote
After 70 DEG C of agent high temperature accelerated ageing three months, mechanical property rate of change is less than 20%.
(2) present invention slow down the azido composite solidpropellant storage process mechanical property change of nitrate plasticising
Rate, extend its service life for high energy, insensitiveness, low feature propellant and technical support is provided.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described further.
A kind of azido composite solidpropellant for including combination stabilization agent, it is characterised in that:Include following parts by weight
Component:
Adhesive:7%~12.5%;
Plasticizer:11%~18%;
Oxidant:10%~73%;
The explosive containing energy:0%~60%;
Metal fuel:5%~19%;
Curing agent:0.5%~1.0%;
Curing catalysts:0.05%;
Stabilization agent:0.3%~0.6%;
Bonding agent:0.2%;
Crosslinking agent:0.05%~0.1%.
The oxidant is ammonium perchlorate AP;
The metal fuel is aluminium powder Al;
The curing catalysts are triphenyl bismuth TPB;
The bonding agent is neutral polymer NPBA.
Described adhesive is that double (azido-methyl) the oxa- fourth ring-tetrahydrofurans of glycidyl azide polymer GAP, poly- 3,3- are common
One kind in polyethers BAMO/THF, code name PBT.
The plasticizer be nitroglycerine NG, BTTN BTTN, triethylene glycol dinitrate TEGDN,
Diglycol dinitrate DEGDN, trimethylolethane trimethacrylate nitrate TMETN, N- butyl nitre oxygen ethyl nitramine Bu-
NENA, double (2,2- dinitros propyl alcohol) formals/bis- (2,2- dinitros propyl alcohol) acetal (1:1) one or both of A3 groups
Close.
The explosive containing energy is one in HMX HMX, RDX RDX, Hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane CL-20
Kind.
The curing agent is six methine polyisocyanates LM-100 or itself and toluene di-isocyanate(TDI) TDI, diphenyl-methane
4,4- diisocyanate MDI composition.
The stabilization agent is N- methyl paranitroaniline MNA, 2- nitrodiphenylamine 2-NDPA, N- (1,3- dimethyl butyrates
Base)-N'- diphenyl-para-phenylene diamines antioxidant 4020, carbon black N330 mixture, match as 1.5~2.5:1~1.5:0.5~
1.0:0.5~1.0.
The crosslinking agent is one kind in triethanolamine TEA, glycerine, trimethylolpropane TMP.
Embodiment 1
(1) propellant forms
Component | GAP | NG/BTTN=1/1 | AP | RDX | Al | TPB | NPBA |
Quality (g) | 90 | 180 | 150 | 400 | 180 | 0.5 | 2 |
Component | TEA | Stabilization agent | LM-100 | ||||
Quality (g) | 0.5 | 3 | 5 |
Stabilization agent MNA, 2-NDPA, 4020, carbon black N330 proportionings are 1.5:1:0.5:0.5.
(2) 70 DEG C of three months mechanical properties of propellant
Mechanical property (initial):25℃σm=0.90MPa, εm=55%
Mechanical property (70 DEG C three months):25℃σm=0.95MPa, εm=50%
The maximum tensile strength (σm) rate of change:+ 6%
Maximum elongation rate (εm) rate of change:- 9%
Embodiment 2
(1) propellant forms
Component | GAP | TEGDN | AP | CL-20 | Al | TPB | NPBA |
Quality (g) | 70 | 180 | 100 | 600 | 50 | 0.5 | 2 |
Component | Glycerine | Stabilization agent | LM-100 | TDI | |||
Quality (g) | 0.5 | 6 | 5 | 5 |
Stabilization agent MNA, 2-NDPA, 4020, carbon black N330 proportionings are 2.5:1.5:1:1.
(2) 70 DEG C of three months mechanical properties of propellant
Mechanical property (initial):25℃σm=0.84MPa, εm=75%
Mechanical property (70 DEG C three months):25℃σm=0.80MPa, εm=85%
The maximum tensile strength (σm) rate of change:- 5%
Maximum elongation rate (εm) rate of change:+ 13%
Embodiment 3
(1) propellant forms
Component | GAP | TMETN | AP | CL-20 | Al | TPB | NPBA |
Quality (g) | 100 | 160 | 300 | 250 | 190 | 0.5 | 2 |
Component | TMP | Stabilization agent | LM-100 | MDI | |||
Quality (g) | 0.7 | 5 | 5 | 5 |
Stabilization agent MNA, 2-NDPA, 4020, carbon black N330 proportionings are 2:1:0.5:1.
(2) 70 DEG C of three months mechanical properties of propellant
Mechanical property (initial):25℃ σm=0.85MPa, εm=77%
Mechanical property (70 DEG C three months):25℃ σm=0.80MPa, εm=65%
The maximum tensile strength (σm) rate of change:- 6%
Maximum elongation rate (εm) rate of change:- 16%
Embodiment 4
(1) propellant forms
Component | GAP | NG/DEGDN=1/1 | AP | HMX | Al | TPB | NPBA |
Quality (g) | 100 | 150 | 200 | 450 | 100 | 0.5 | 2 |
Component | TEA | Stabilization agent | LM-100 | TDI | |||
Quality (g) | 1 | 4 | 4 | 6 |
Stabilization agent MNA, 2-NDPA, 4020, carbon black N330 proportionings are 2:1:0.5:0.5.
(2) 70 DEG C of three months mechanical properties of propellant
Mechanical property (initial):25℃ σm=0.90MPa, εm=80%
Mechanical property (70 DEG C three months):25℃ σm=0.85MPa, εm=68%
The maximum tensile strength (σm) rate of change:- 6%
Maximum elongation rate (εm) rate of change:- 15%
Embodiment 5
(1) propellant forms
Component | PBT | A3 | AP | HMX | Al | TPB | NPBA |
Quality (g) | 125 | 125 | 400 | 200 | 150 | 0.5 | 2 |
Component | Glycerine | Stabilization agent | LM-100 | MDI | |||
Quality (g) | 0.8 | 5 | 3 | 6 |
Stabilization agent MNA, 2-NDPA, 4020, carbon black N330 proportionings are 2:1:1:0.5.
(2) 70 DEG C of three months mechanical properties of propellant
Mechanical property (initial):25℃ σm=0.94MPa, εm=75%
Mechanical property (70 DEG C three months):25℃ σm=0.90MPa, εm=66%
The maximum tensile strength (σm) rate of change:- 4%
Maximum elongation rate (εm) rate of change:- 12%
Embodiment 6
(1) propellant forms
Component | PBT | Bu-NENA | AP | RDX | Al | TPB | NPBA |
Quality (g) | 110 | 110 | 630 | 100 | 50 | 0.5 | 2 |
Component | Glycerine | Stabilization agent | LM-100 | TDI | |||
Quality (g) | 0.6 | 6 | 1 | 6 |
Stabilization agent MNA, 2-NDPA, 4020, carbon black N330 proportionings are 2.5:1:1:0.5.
(2) 70 DEG C of three months mechanical properties of propellant
Mechanical property (initial):25℃ σm=0.98MPa, εm=83%
Mechanical property (70 DEG C three months):25℃ σm=0.90MPa, εm=72%
The maximum tensile strength (σm) rate of change:- 8%
Maximum elongation rate (εm) rate of change:- 13%
Embodiment 7
(1) propellant forms
Component | PBT | Bu-NENA | A3 | AP | Al | TPB | NPBA |
Quality (g) | 88 | 100 | 32 | 730 | 50 | 0.5 | 2 |
Component | Glycerine | Stabilization agent | LM-100 | TDI | |||
Quality (g) | 0.8 | 6 | 1 | 7 |
Stabilization agent MNA, 2-NDPA, 4020, carbon black N330 proportionings are 2.5:1:1:0.5.
(2) 70 DEG C of three months mechanical properties of propellant
Mechanical property (initial):25℃ σm=0.92MPa, εm=88%
Mechanical property (70 DEG C three months):25℃ σm=0.85MPa, εm=75%
The maximum tensile strength (σm) rate of change:- 8%
Maximum elongation rate (εm) rate of change:- 15%
It is described above, it is only the optimal embodiment of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto,
Any one skilled in the art the invention discloses technical scope in, the change or replacement that can readily occur in,
It should all be included within the scope of the present invention.
The content not being described in detail in description of the invention belongs to the known technology of professional and technical personnel in the field.
Claims (7)
- A kind of 1. azido composite solidpropellant for including combination stabilization agent, it is characterised in that:Include the group of following parts by weight Point:Adhesive:7%~12.5%;Plasticizer:11%~18%;Oxidant:10%~73%;The explosive containing energy:0%~60%;Metal fuel:5%~19%;Curing agent:0.5%~1.0%;Curing catalysts:0.05%;Stabilization agent:0.3%~0.6%;Bonding agent:0.2%;Crosslinking agent:0.05%~0.1%.The oxidant is ammonium perchlorate;The metal fuel is aluminium powder;The curing catalysts are triphenyl bismuth;The bonding agent is neutral polymer.
- 2. composite solidpropellant as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that:Described adhesive is poly- nitrine glycidol One kind in double (azido-methyl) the oxa- fourth ring-tetrahydrofuran copolyethers of ether, poly- 3,3-.
- 3. composite solidpropellant as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that:The plasticizer is nitroglycerine, butantriol Trisnitrate, triethylene glycol dinitrate, diglycol dinitrate, trimethylolethane trimethacrylate nitrate, N- fourths Base nitre oxygen ethyl nitramine, double (2,2- dinitros propyl alcohol) formals/bis- (2,2- dinitros propyl alcohol) acetal (1:1) one kind in Or two kinds of combinations.
- 4. composite solidpropellant as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that:The explosive containing energy is HMX, black rope One kind in modern, Hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane.
- 5. composite solidpropellant as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that:The curing agent is six methine polyisocyanic acid Ester or itself and toluene di-isocyanate(TDI), the composition of diphenyl-methane 4,4- diisocyanate.
- 6. composite solidpropellant as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that:The stabilization agent is N- methyl p-nitrophenyls Amine, 2- nitrodiphenylamines, N- (1,3- dimethylbutyl)-N'- diphenyl-para-phenylene diamines, the mixture of carbon black, match as 1.5~ 2.5:1~1.5:0.5~1.0:0.5~1.0.
- 7. composite solidpropellant as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that:The crosslinking agent is triethanolamine, glycerine, three One kind in hydroxymethyl-propane.
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CN109503301A (en) * | 2019-01-14 | 2019-03-22 | 湖北航天化学技术研究所 | A kind of hydrocarbon fuel-rich propellant |
CN109574773A (en) * | 2019-01-14 | 2019-04-05 | 湖北航天化学技术研究所 | A kind of boron-based fuel-rich |
CN110713428A (en) * | 2019-11-06 | 2020-01-21 | 湖北航天化学技术研究所 | Casting type high polymer bonded explosive |
CN110963874A (en) * | 2019-11-28 | 2020-04-07 | 湖北航天化学技术研究所 | Solid propellant with polyester-butylated hydroxyanisole block polymer as adhesive |
FR3096680A1 (en) * | 2019-06-03 | 2020-12-04 | Arianegroup Sas | composite pyrotechnic product |
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CN110713428A (en) * | 2019-11-06 | 2020-01-21 | 湖北航天化学技术研究所 | Casting type high polymer bonded explosive |
CN110713428B (en) * | 2019-11-06 | 2021-07-23 | 湖北航天化学技术研究所 | Casting type high polymer bonded explosive |
CN110963874A (en) * | 2019-11-28 | 2020-04-07 | 湖北航天化学技术研究所 | Solid propellant with polyester-butylated hydroxyanisole block polymer as adhesive |
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