CN113277960B - Novel Schiff base bonding agent, preparation method and solid propellant - Google Patents
Novel Schiff base bonding agent, preparation method and solid propellant Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a novel Schiff base bonding agent, a preparation method and a solid propellant, wherein polyethylene polyamine is introduced into a polyether amine molecular chain through a classical aldehyde-amine condensation reaction, the activity of terminal amine groups of the polyethylene polyamine is effectively inhibited in the form of Schiff base functional groups, so that the novel bonding agent has physical adsorption and chemical adsorption effects on AP, and the preferable range of repeating units in polyether amine and polyethylene polyamine molecules in raw materials is designed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a novel Schiff base bonding agent, a preparation method and a solid propellant, and belongs to the technical field of solid propellants.
Background
The small-sized tactical missile weapon with high penetration and long range is an important direction for the development of military strength of various countries in the 21 st century. At present, the propellant for tactical missiles is generally a hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene propellant, and a higher-energy nitrate plasticized polyether propellant (NEPE) is adopted, so that a technical approach is provided for the development requirement of long range of tactical missiles. The development trend of miniaturization and high maneuverability of tactical missile weapons puts higher requirements on the mechanical properties of nitrate plasticized polyether propellants.
Neutral Polymer Bonding Agents (NPBA) are generally adopted in NEPE propellants at present to improve the interfacial properties of the propellants so as to improve the mechanical properties of the propellants. NPBA is a polymer specially aiming at the nitramine explosive interface in a nitrate plasticizing system, in the prior art, kim realizes the purpose of phase separation of NPBA and slurry at a specified temperature through a solubility parameter theory, and solves the problem that an original bonding agent coating layer is dissolved in nitrate. However, the bonding agent generally aims at nitramine explosives and cannot improve an Ammonium Perchlorate (AP) interface.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,9181140 B1 provides a Schiff base bonding agent having bonding effect on AP/HTPB (hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene), but when used in high-energy propellants, the bonding agent can only increase the elongation of the propellant but not the strength, probably because the physical adsorption between the Schiff base and AP is destroyed by the presence of nitrate plasticizer. The polyethylene polyamine bonding agent provided by the patent US 4000023 and AP are subjected to chemical adsorption through amine exchange reaction, but the problems of ammonia release, high amine group activity and the like exist, so that the compatibility is poor, and the performance of the propellant is influenced. US 4410376 inhibits amine group activity by the introduction of benzenesulfonic acid, but inevitably affects the effectiveness of the bonding agent.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects and provide a novel Schiff base bonding agent, a preparation method and a solid propellant, wherein polyethylene polyamine is introduced into a polyether amine molecular chain through a classical aldehyde-amine condensation reaction, the activity of a terminal amino group of the polyethylene polyamine is effectively inhibited in the form of a Schiff base functional group, so that the novel bonding agent has physical adsorption and chemical adsorption effects on AP, and the optimal range of a repeating unit in polyether amine and polyethylene polyamine molecules in raw materials is designed.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a novel schiff base bonding agent having the formula:
wherein x, y and z are 1-30, n is an integer of 0-12;
R 1 and R 2 Are respectively represented by-H and-H,
one of (1), R 1 And R 2 Is not simultaneously-H.
Further, the molecular weight of the bonding agent is 800-9600.
Further, x + y + z =4 to 8, and n is an integer of 0 to 4.
The preparation method of the novel Schiff base bonding agent comprises the following steps:
(1) Carrying out ring-opening reaction on the polyether amine and epoxy ethanol to obtain hydroxyl-terminated polyether amine;
(2) Reacting the hydroxyl-terminated polyether amine obtained in the step (1) with terephthalaldehyde to obtain an intermediate product A;
or, reacting the hydroxyl-terminated polyether amine obtained in the step (1) with terephthalaldehyde to obtain an intermediate product A, and then reacting with benzaldehyde to obtain an intermediate product B;
(3) Reacting the intermediate product A obtained in the step (2) with polyethylene polyamine or benzaldehyde single-ended polyethylene polyamine to obtain an intermediate product C;
or, reacting the intermediate product B obtained in the step (2) with polyethylene polyamine or benzaldehyde single-ended polyethylene polyamine to obtain an intermediate product D;
(4) Carrying out post-treatment on the obtained intermediate product C or D to obtain a novel Schiff base bonding agent E or F;
the novel Schiff base bonding agent F comprises a structural formula shown in the specification, R 1 And R 2 One of which is H and the other is
A compound of (1);
the novel Schiff base bonding agent E comprises a structural formula, R 1 Is composed of
R 2 Is a plurality of
The compound of (1).
Further, the temperature of the ring-opening reaction in the step (1) is 30-45 ℃; the step (2) and the step (3) are carried out under the condition of ethanol reflux, and the reaction time is 2-4 h; the post-treatment method in the step (4) is to carry out rotary evaporation at 50-60 ℃.
Further, in the step (1), adding polyether amine and epoxy ethanol at a molar ratio of 1;
in the step (2), adding terephthalaldehyde into the hydroxyl-terminated polyether amine obtained in the step (1) in a molar ratio of 1;
in the step (2), the intermediate product A is prepared by mixing the components in a molar ratio of 1: 1-3 of hydroxyl-terminated polyether amine and terephthalaldehyde; the intermediate product B is prepared by the reaction of the intermediate product A with 1:0-2 and benzaldehyde according to the molar ratio;
in the step (3), the molar ratio of the added polyethylene polyamine or benzaldehyde single-ended polyethylene polyamine to the intermediate product A is 1.5-2; the mol ratio of the added polyethylene polyamine or benzaldehyde single-ended polyethylene polyamine to the intermediate product B is 1;
in the step (3), the preparation method of the benzaldehyde single-ended polyethylene polyamine comprises the following steps: under the condition of ethanol reflux, the catalyst is obtained by reacting benzaldehyde with 0-1:1 molar ratio and polyethylene polyamine.
Further, in the step (3), the molecular formula of the polyethylene polyamine is NH 2 (CH 2 CH 2 NH) n CH 2 CH 2 NH 2 And n is an integer of 0 to 12.
The solid propellant comprises the novel Schiff base bonding agent, and the percentage of the novel Schiff base bonding agent to the total mass of the solid propellant is 0.05-0.50%.
The solid propellant comprises the following components in parts by mass:
the functional auxiliary agent comprises a curing catalyst, an anti-aging agent and a bonding agent; the bonding agent is the novel Schiff base bonding agent, and the mass part of the bonding agent is 0.05-0.50 part.
Further, in the solid propellant, the polyurethane adhesive is one or a combination of more than one of hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene HTPB, polyaziridine glycidyl ether GAP, ethylene oxide-tetrahydrofuran copolyether PET and polyethylene glycol PEG; the plasticizer is one or more of dioctyl sebacate DOS, nitroglycerin NG, butanetriol trinitrate BTTN, triethylene glycol dinitrate TEGDN or diethylene glycol dinitrate DEGDN; the nitramine explosive is one or the combination of more than one of hexogen RDX, octogen HMX or hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane CL-20; the curing agent is one or more of isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), toluene Diisocyanate (TDI), 1,6-Hexamethylene Diisocyanate (HDI) or polyfunctional isocyanate (N-100); the curing catalyst is triphenyl bismuth TPB, and the anti-aging agent is a combination of N-methyl-p-nitroaniline MNA and 2-nitrodiphenylamine 2-NDPA.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) According to the novel Schiff base bonding agent, polyethylene polyamine is introduced into a polyether amine molecular chain through a classical aldehyde-amine condensation reaction, the activity of terminal amine groups of the polyethylene polyamine is effectively inhibited in the form of Schiff base functional groups, so that the novel bonding agent has physical adsorption and chemical adsorption effects on AP, and is favorable for improving the strength and the elongation of a propellant compared with the conventional Schiff base bonding agent;
(2) The novel Schiff base bonding agent disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the optimal range of the repeating units in the molecules of polyether amine and polyethylene polyamine in the raw materials is determined through multiple tests, so that the terminal amino group can be ensured to have appropriate reaction activity, the flexibility of the chain can be ensured, and the strength and the elongation of a propellant can be improved;
(3) The novel Schiff base bonding agent can be simultaneously applied to HTPB and NEPE systems, is not influenced by a nitrate plasticizer, effectively improves the interface performance between AP and a polyurethane adhesive matrix, and improves the strength and the elongation of a propellant;
(4) The preparation method of the novel Schiff base bonding agent is simple, has fewer byproducts, is suitable for large-scale industrial production, and has wide application prospect in the solid propellant with high AP content;
(5) The invention relates to a solid propellant, which adopts a novel Schiff base bonding agent and enables the propellant to obtain excellent strength and elongation at the same time by adjusting the adding part of the bonding agent.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an infrared spectrum of BAG-1, a product obtained in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an infrared spectrum of BAG-2, a product obtained in example 2 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent and appreciated from the following detailed description of the invention.
The word "exemplary" is used exclusively herein to mean "serving as an example, embodiment, or illustration. Any embodiment described herein as "exemplary" is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments. While the various aspects of the embodiments are presented in drawings, the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale unless specifically indicated.
A novel schiff base bonding agent having the formula:
wherein x, y and z are 1-30, n is an integer of 0-12;
R 1 and R 2 Are respectively represented by-H and-H,
one of (1), R 1 And R 2 Is not simultaneously-H.
Further, the molecular weight of the bonding agent is 800-9600, and preferably, the molecular weight of the bonding agent is 880-1800.
The preparation method of the novel Schiff base bonding agent for the solid propellant comprises the following steps:
(1) Carrying out ring-opening reaction on polyether amine and epoxy ethanol to obtain hydroxyl-terminated polyether amine;
(2) Reacting the hydroxyl-terminated polyether amine obtained in the step (1) with terephthalaldehyde to obtain an intermediate product A;
or, reacting the hydroxyl-terminated polyether amine obtained in the step (1) with terephthalaldehyde to obtain an intermediate product A, and then reacting with benzaldehyde to obtain an intermediate product B;
(3) Reacting the intermediate product A obtained in the step (2) with polyethylene polyamine or benzaldehyde single-ended polyethylene polyamine to obtain an intermediate product C;
or, reacting the intermediate product B obtained in the step (2) with polyethylene polyamine or benzaldehyde single-ended polyethylene polyamine to obtain an intermediate product D;
(4) Carrying out post-treatment on the obtained intermediate product C or D to obtain a novel Schiff base bonding agent E or F;
the novel SchiffThe base bonding agent F comprises the structural formula R 1 And R 2 One of which is H and the other is
A compound of (1);
the novel Schiff base bonding agent E comprises a structural formula shown in the specification, R 1 Is composed of
R 2 Is a plurality of
The compound of (1).
Further, the temperature of the ring-opening reaction in the step (1) is 30-45 ℃; the step (2) and the step (3) are carried out under the condition of ethanol reflux, and the reaction time is 2-4 h; the post-treatment method in the step (4) is to carry out rotary evaporation at 50-60 ℃.
Further, in the step (1), adding polyether amine and epoxy ethanol at a molar ratio of 1;
in the step (2), the molar ratio of added terephthalaldehyde to the hydroxyl-terminated polyether amine obtained in the step (1) is 1.5-2;
in the step (2), the intermediate product A is prepared by mixing the components in a molar ratio of 1: 1-3 of hydroxyl-terminated polyether amine and terephthalaldehyde; the intermediate product B is prepared by the reaction of the intermediate product A with 1:0-2 and benzaldehyde according to the molar ratio; in the step (3), the molar ratio of the added polyethylene polyamine or benzaldehyde single-ended polyethylene polyamine to the intermediate product A is 1.5-2;
adding polyethylene polyamine or benzaldehyde single-ended polyethylene polyamine with the molar ratio of 1;
in the step (3), the preparation method of the benzaldehyde single-ended polyethylene polyamine comprises the following steps: under the condition of ethanol reflux, the catalyst is obtained by reacting benzaldehyde with 0-1:1 molar ratio and polyethylene polyamine.
More preferably, in the step (1), the molar ratio of the added polyether amine to the epoxy ethanol is 1:1;
in the step (2), the intermediate product A comprises an intermediate product A1 in which 2 amine groups in the opposite-end hydroxyl polyether amine are substituted by terephthalaldehyde, and an intermediate product A2 in which 1 amine group in the opposite-end hydroxyl polyether amine is substituted; and reacting the intermediate product A2 with benzaldehyde to obtain an intermediate product B, wherein 1 amino group in the hydroxyl polyether amine at the opposite end is replaced by terephthalaldehyde, and the other amino group is replaced by benzaldehyde.
In the step (3), the intermediate product A1 in the intermediate product A can directly continue to react with polyethylene polyamine or benzaldehyde single-terminated polyethylene polyamine to obtain an intermediate product C; or the intermediate product A2 in the intermediate product A reacts with benzaldehyde to obtain an intermediate product B, and the intermediate product B reacts with polyethylene polyamine or benzaldehyde single-ended polyethylene polyamine;
preferably, in the step (3), the molar ratio of the added polyethylene polyamine or benzaldehyde single-ended polyethylene polyamine to the intermediate product A is 1; adding polyethylene polyamine or benzaldehyde mono-terminated polyethylene polyamine with the molar ratio of 1:1 to the intermediate product B;
further, in the step (3), the formula of the polyethylene polyamine is NH 2 (CH 2 CH 2 NH) n CH 2 CH 2 NH 2 Wherein n is an integer of 0 to 12, preferably, n is an integer of 0 to 4.
Furthermore, x + y + z = 4-8, n = 0-4, and within the range, the terminal amino group can be ensured to have appropriate reaction activity, and the flexibility of the chain can be ensured, thereby being beneficial to simultaneously improving the strength and the elongation of the propellant.
Compared with the existing Schiff base bonding agent, the bonding agent introduces polyethylene polyamine into a polyether amine molecular chain through a classical aldehyde-amine condensation reaction, effectively inhibits the activity of the terminal amine group of the polyethylene polyamine in the form of Schiff base functional groups, enables the novel bonding agent to have physical adsorption and chemical adsorption effects on AP, and can simultaneously improve the strength and the elongation of the propellant.
The reaction principle is as follows:
wherein x, y and z are 1-30; r 0 Is aldehyde group or hydrogen, but is not simultaneously hydrogen; r is 1 And R 2 is-H or
But not both hydrogen.
The solid propellant comprises the novel Schiff base bonding agent, and the percentage of the novel Schiff base bonding agent to the total mass of the solid propellant is 0.05-0.50%, preferably 0.05-0.30%.
The solid propellant comprises the following components in parts by mass:
the functional auxiliary agent comprises a curing catalyst, an anti-aging agent and a bonding agent; the bonding agent is the novel Schiff base bonding agent, and the mass portion of the bonding agent is 0.05-0.50.
Further, the polyurethane adhesive is one or more of hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene HTPB, polyazidine glycidyl ether GAP, ethylene oxide-tetrahydrofuran copolyether PET or polyethylene glycol PEG; the plasticizer is one or more of dioctyl sebacate DOS, nitroglycerin NG, butanetriol trinitrate BTTN, triethylene glycol dinitrate TEGDN or diethylene glycol dinitrate DEGDN; the nitramine explosive is one or more of hexogen RDX, HMX or hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane CL-20; the curing agent is one or more of isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), toluene Diisocyanate (TDI), 1,6-Hexamethylene Diisocyanate (HDI) or polyfunctional isocyanate (N-100); the curing catalyst is triphenyl bismuth TPB, and the anti-aging agent is N-methyl p-nitroaniline MNA and 2-nitrodiphenylamine 2-NDPA.
Example 1
This example provides a novel schiff base bonding agent, BAG-1, prepared as follows:
firstly, at the temperature of 30-45 ℃, adding 1mol of polyetheramine and 1mol of epoxy ethanol into a three-neck flask provided with a thermometer and a condenser tube, and stirring and mixing for 30-45 min to complete ring-opening reaction; then adding 2mol of terephthalaldehyde into the mixture under the condition of ethanol reflux, and stirring the mixture to react for 2 to 4 hours; adding 2mol of tetraethylenepentamine, continuously stirring and reacting for 2 h-4 h under the condition of ethanol reflux, and carrying out rotary evaporation at 50-60 ℃ to obtain the BAG-1 (wherein x + y + z = 5.3), wherein the infrared spectrum is shown in figure 1, and the structural formula is shown in formula (1).
Example 2
Firstly, at the temperature of 30-45 ℃, adding 1mol of polyetheramine and 1mol of epoxy ethanol into a three-neck flask provided with a thermometer and a condenser tube, and stirring and mixing for 30-45 min to complete ring-opening reaction; then adding 1mol of terephthalaldehyde into the mixture under the condition of ethanol reflux, stirring the mixture for reaction for 2 to 4 hours, adding 1mol of benzaldehyde into the mixture, stirring the mixture for reaction for 2 to 4 hours, and cooling the mixture to room temperature for later use. Under the condition of ethanol reflux, 1mol of benzaldehyde is added into 1mol of tetraethylenepentamine to be stirred and reacted for 2 to 4 hours, and the mixture is cooled to room temperature for standby. Mixing the two cooled reaction systems, continuously stirring and reacting for 2-4 h under the condition of ethanol reflux, and carrying out rotary evaporation at 50-60 ℃ to obtain BAG-2 (wherein x + y + z = 5.3), wherein the infrared spectrum is shown in figure 2, and the structural formula is shown in formula (2).
Comparative example 1
Firstly, at the temperature of 30-45 ℃, adding 1mol of polyetheramine and 1mol of epoxy ethanol into a three-neck flask provided with a thermometer and a condenser tube, and stirring and mixing for 30-45 min to complete ring-opening reaction; then adding 2mol of benzaldehyde under the condition of ethanol reflux, stirring and reacting for 2 h-4 h, and carrying out rotary evaporation at 50-60 ℃ to obtain BAG-3 (wherein x + y + z = 5.3).
Practice ofExamples 3-1, 3-2 and comparative examples 3-1, 3-2
To the HTPB propellant formulation shown in table 1, the schiff base bonding agent provided in examples 1 to 2 and comparative example 1 was added to obtain a solid propellant. Wherein the mass part of the Schiff base bonding agent is 0.30.
TABLE 1 HTPB propellant formulation
The mechanical property test results of the solid propellant square billet are shown in table 2, wherein the comparative example 3-1 is not added with a bonding agent, other components are the same as the HTPB propellant formula shown in table 1, sigma is the maximum tensile strength, epsilon m is the maximum elongation, and 2mm/min, 10mm/min and 100mm/min represent different stretching speeds; as shown in table 2, the HTPB propellant system has better maximum tensile strength and maximum elongation than the propellant without bonding agent and the propellant with the bonding agent commonly used in the prior art.
TABLE 2 solid propellant mechanical Properties parameter Table for different bonding agents
Examples 4-1, 4-2 and comparative examples 4-1, 4-2
To the GAP propellant formulation shown in table 3, the schiff base bonding agent provided in examples 1-2 and comparative example 1 was added to obtain a solid propellant. Wherein the mass portion of the Schiff base bonding agent is 0.30.
TABLE 3 GAP propellant formulations
The mechanical property test results of the solid propellant square billet are shown in table 4, wherein the comparative example 4-1 is not added with a bonding agent, other components are the same as the GAP propellant formula shown in table 3, sigma is the maximum tensile strength, and epsilon m is the maximum elongation; as shown in table 4, in the GAP propellant system, the propellant containing the novel schiff base bonding agent of the present invention has better maximum tensile strength and maximum elongation than the propellant without bonding agent and the propellant with the bonding agent commonly used in the prior art.
TABLE 4 solid propellant mechanical Property parameter Table for different bonding agents
Examples 5-1, 5-2 and comparative examples 5-1, 5-2
To the PET propellant formulation shown in table 5, the schiff base bonding agent provided in examples 1 to 2 and comparative example 1 was added to obtain a solid propellant. Wherein the mass part of the Schiff base bonding agent is 0.30.
TABLE 5 PET propellant formulations
The mechanical property test results of the solid propellant square billet are shown in table 6, wherein the comparative example 5-1 is not added with a bonding agent, other components are the same as the PET propellant formula shown in table 5, sigma is the maximum tensile strength, and epsilon m is the maximum elongation; as shown in table 6, in the PET propellant system, the propellant containing the novel schiff base bonding agent of the present invention has better maximum tensile strength and maximum elongation than those of the propellant without bonding agent and those with the bonding agent commonly used in the prior art.
TABLE 6 solid propellant mechanical Property parameter tables for different bonding agents
Examples 6-1, 6-2 and comparative examples 6-1, 6-2
To the PEG propellant formulation shown in table 7, the schiff base bonding agent provided in examples 1-2 and comparative example 1 was added to obtain a solid propellant. Wherein the mass portion of the Schiff base bonding agent is 0.30.
TABLE 7 PEG propellant formulations
The mechanical property test results of the solid propellant square billet are shown in Table 8, wherein the comparative example 6-1 is not added with a bonding agent, other components are the same as the PEG propellant formula shown in Table 7, sigma is the maximum tensile strength, and epsilon m is the maximum elongation; as shown in table 8, the PEG propellant system has better maximum tensile strength and maximum elongation for the propellant containing the novel schiff base bonding agent of the present invention compared to the propellant without bonding agent and the propellant with the bonding agent commonly used in the prior art.
TABLE 8 mechanical property parameter table for novel solid propellant with different bonding agent contents
As can be seen from the above examples, the use effect of the novel Schiff base bonding agent is better than that of the bonding agent of the comparative example. Wherein, the BAG-1 has the best use effect and can be popularized and used as a wide-adaptability bonding agent for a solid propellant.
The invention has been described in detail with reference to specific embodiments and illustrative examples, but the description is not intended to be construed in a limiting sense. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that various equivalent substitutions, modifications or improvements may be made to the technical solution of the present invention and its embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that those matters not described in detail in the present specification are not particularly limited to the specific examples described herein.
Claims (10)
1. A novel schiff base bonding agent characterized by having the following structural formula:
wherein x, y and z are 1-30, n is an integer of 0-12;
R 1 and R 2 Are respectively represented by-H and-H,
one of (1), R 1 And R 2 Not being simultaneously-H.
2. A novel schiff base bonding agent according to claim 1, wherein the molecular weight of the bonding agent is 800-9600.
3. A novel schiff base bonding agent according to claim 1, wherein x + y + z = 4-8, and n is an integer of 0-4.
4. A process for the preparation of a novel schiff base bonding agent according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising the steps of:
(1) Carrying out ring-opening reaction on polyetheramine and epoxy ethanol to obtain hydroxyl-terminated polyetheramine, wherein the structural formula of the hydroxyl-terminated polyetheramine is as follows:
wherein x, y and z are 1-30;
(2) Reacting the hydroxyl-terminated polyether amine obtained in the step (1) with terephthalaldehyde to obtain an intermediate product A; or, reacting the hydroxyl-terminated polyether amine obtained in the step (1) with terephthalaldehyde to obtain an intermediate product A, and then reacting with benzaldehyde to obtain an intermediate product B, wherein the structural formulas of the intermediate product A and the intermediate product B are as follows:
wherein R corresponds to intermediate A 3 Is H or
R corresponding to intermediate B 3 Is composed of
(3) Reacting the intermediate product A obtained in the step (2) with polyethylene polyamine or benzaldehyde single-ended polyethylene polyamine to obtain an intermediate product C;
or, reacting the intermediate product B obtained in the step (2) with polyethylene polyamine or benzaldehyde single-ended polyethylene polyamine to obtain an intermediate product D;
(4) Carrying out post-treatment on the obtained intermediate product C or D to obtain a novel Schiff base bonding agent E or F; the post-treatment method is to carry out rotary evaporation at 50-60 ℃;
the novel Schiff base bonding agent F comprises a structural formula shown in the specification, R 1 And R 2 One of which is H and the other is
A compound of (1);
the novel Schiff base bonding agent E comprises a structural formula shown in the specification, R 1 Is composed of
R 2 Is composed of
The compound of (1).
5. The preparation method of the novel Schiff base bonding agent according to claim 4, wherein the temperature of the ring opening reaction in the step (1) is 30-45 ℃; the step (2) and the step (3) are carried out under the condition of ethanol reflux, and the reaction time is 2-4 h.
6. The preparation method of the novel Schiff base bonding agent according to claim 4, wherein in the step (1), the polyether amine and epoxy ethanol are added in a molar ratio of 1;
in the step (2), the molar ratio of added terephthalaldehyde to the hydroxyl-terminated polyether amine obtained in the step (1) is 1.5-2;
in the step (2), the intermediate product A is prepared by mixing the components in a molar ratio of 1: 1-3 of hydroxyl-terminated polyether amine and terephthalaldehyde; the intermediate product B is prepared by the reaction of the intermediate product A with 1:0-2 and benzaldehyde according to the molar ratio;
in the step (3), the molar ratio of the added polyethylene polyamine or benzaldehyde single-ended polyethylene polyamine to the intermediate product A is 1.5-2; the mol ratio of the added polyethylene polyamine or benzaldehyde single-ended polyethylene polyamine to the intermediate product B is 1;
in the step (3), the preparation method of the benzaldehyde single-ended polyethylene polyamine comprises the following steps: under the condition of ethanol reflux, the catalyst is obtained by reacting benzaldehyde with 0-1:1 molar ratio and polyethylene polyamine.
7. The method for preparing the novel Schiff base bonding agent according to claim 4, wherein in the step (3), the polyethylene polyamine has a formula of NH 2 (CH 2 CH 2 NH) n CH 2 CH 2 NH 2 And n is an integer of 0 to 12.
8. A solid propellant comprising a novel schiff base bonding agent according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the percentage of the novel schiff base bonding agent to the total mass of the solid propellant is from 0.05% to 0.50%.
9. The solid propellant is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by mass:
the functional auxiliary agent comprises a curing catalyst, an anti-aging agent and a bonding agent; the bonding agent is the novel Schiff base bonding agent as defined in any one of claims 1-3, and the mass portion is 0.05-0.50 portion.
10. The solid propellant according to claim 9, wherein the polyurethane binder is one or more of hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene HTPB, polyaziridin glycidyl ether GAP, ethylene oxide-tetrahydrofuran copolyether PET or polyethylene glycol PEG; the plasticizer is one or more of dioctyl sebacate DOS, nitroglycerin NG, butanetriol trinitrate BTTN, triethylene glycol dinitrate TEGDN or diethylene glycol dinitrate DEGDN; the nitramine explosive is one or more of hexogen RDX, HMX or hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane CL-20; the curing agent is one or more of isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), toluene Diisocyanate (TDI), 1,6-Hexamethylene Diisocyanate (HDI) or polyfunctional isocyanate (N-100); the curing catalyst is triphenyl bismuth TPB, and the anti-aging agent is the combination of N-methyl paranitroaniline MNA and 2-nitrodiphenylamine 2-NDPA.
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