CN107709150B - Ship comprising a gas treatment system - Google Patents

Ship comprising a gas treatment system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107709150B
CN107709150B CN201680033518.2A CN201680033518A CN107709150B CN 107709150 B CN107709150 B CN 107709150B CN 201680033518 A CN201680033518 A CN 201680033518A CN 107709150 B CN107709150 B CN 107709150B
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
gas
liquefied gas
pressure
boil
storage tank
Prior art date
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Active
Application number
CN201680033518.2A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN107709150A (en
Inventor
朴昶球
李东振
李相奉
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HD Hyundai Heavy Industries Co Ltd
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Hyundai Heavy Industries Co Ltd
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Publication date
Application filed by Hyundai Heavy Industries Co Ltd filed Critical Hyundai Heavy Industries Co Ltd
Priority claimed from PCT/KR2016/006132 external-priority patent/WO2016200181A1/en
Publication of CN107709150A publication Critical patent/CN107709150A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN107709150B publication Critical patent/CN107709150B/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B25/00—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby
    • B63B25/02—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods
    • B63B25/08—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid
    • B63B25/12—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed
    • B63B25/16—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed heat-insulated
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H21/00—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels
    • B63H21/38—Apparatus or methods specially adapted for use on marine vessels, for handling power plant or unit liquids, e.g. lubricants, coolants, fuels or the like
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
    • F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
    • F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
    • F02M21/0203—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels characterised by the type of gaseous fuel
    • F02M21/0215—Mixtures of gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Biogas; Mine gas; Landfill gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
    • F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
    • F02M21/0218—Details on the gaseous fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M25/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
    • F02M25/08—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture adding fuel vapours drawn from engine fuel reservoir
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/02—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment
    • F17C13/025—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment having the pressure as the parameter
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C6/00—Methods and apparatus for filling vessels not under pressure with liquefied or solidified gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C7/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases from pressure vessels, not covered by another subclass
    • F17C7/02—Discharging liquefied gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C9/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C9/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure
    • F17C9/02—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure with change of state, e.g. vaporisation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17D—PIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES
    • F17D1/00—Pipe-line systems
    • F17D1/08—Pipe-line systems for liquids or viscous products
    • F17D1/082—Pipe-line systems for liquids or viscous products for cold fluids, e.g. liquefied gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/03—Mixtures
    • F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
    • F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2223/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/01—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2225/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2225/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F17C2225/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/01—Propulsion of the fluid
    • F17C2227/0128—Propulsion of the fluid with pumps or compressors
    • F17C2227/0135—Pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/01—Propulsion of the fluid
    • F17C2227/0128—Propulsion of the fluid with pumps or compressors
    • F17C2227/0157—Compressors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/03—Control means
    • F17C2250/036—Control means using alarms
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/06—Controlling or regulating of parameters as output values
    • F17C2250/0605—Parameters
    • F17C2250/0626—Pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/01—Purifying the fluid
    • F17C2265/015—Purifying the fluid by separating
    • F17C2265/017—Purifying the fluid by separating different phases of a same fluid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/03—Treating the boil-off
    • F17C2265/032—Treating the boil-off by recovery
    • F17C2265/033—Treating the boil-off by recovery with cooling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/03—Treating the boil-off
    • F17C2265/032—Treating the boil-off by recovery
    • F17C2265/033—Treating the boil-off by recovery with cooling
    • F17C2265/034—Treating the boil-off by recovery with cooling with condensing the gas phase
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/03—Treating the boil-off
    • F17C2265/032—Treating the boil-off by recovery
    • F17C2265/038—Treating the boil-off by recovery with expanding
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/06—Fluid distribution
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/06—Fluid distribution
    • F17C2265/066—Fluid distribution for feeding engines for propulsion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
    • F17C2270/0105—Ships
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/30—Use of alternative fuels, e.g. biofuels
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T70/00—Maritime or waterways transport
    • Y02T70/50—Measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions related to the propulsion system
    • Y02T70/5218—Less carbon-intensive fuels, e.g. natural gas, biofuels
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/40—Application of hydrogen technology to transportation, e.g. using fuel cells

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention is a ship including a gas treatment system, characterized by comprising: an boil-off gas compressor; a reliquefaction device that liquefies the boil-off gas that is not supplied to the demand section; and a control unit that provides a user with a reminder to request activation of the reliquefaction device when the internal pressure of the liquefied gas storage tank is equal to or higher than a first predetermined pressure within a normal pressure range.

Description

Ship comprising a gas treatment system
Technical Field
the present invention relates to a vessel comprising a gas treatment system.
Background
A ship is a transport vehicle for transporting a large amount of minerals, crude oil, natural gas, or shipping containers of several thousand or more to sail an ocean, and is made of steel, and moves by thrust generated by rotation of a propeller in a state of floating on a water surface by buoyancy.
In this type of ship, thrust is generated by driving an engine, and in this case, the engine generally moves a piston using gasoline or diesel oil and rotates a crankshaft by the reciprocating motion of the piston, thereby rotating a shaft connected to the crankshaft to drive a propeller.
However, recently, an LNG fuel supply system for driving an engine by using LNG as fuel is adopted on an LNG carrier for transporting Liquefied Natural Gas (Liquefied Natural Gas), and thus, a system for using LNG as fuel for the engine is also applicable to other ships other than the LNG carrier.
Generally, LNG is known to be a clean fuel and also richer in storage than oil, and its usage is also sharply increasing with the development of mining and transportation technologies. In general, such LNG is stored in a liquid state by reducing the temperature of methane as a main component to-162 degrees or less under one atmospheric pressure, and the liquefied methane has a volume of about 600 minutes 1 of the volume of gaseous methane in a standard state, a specific gravity of 0.42 and about 1 minute 2 of the specific gravity of crude oil.
However, the temperature, pressure, and the like required to drive the demand section may be different from the state of the LNG stored in the tank. Therefore, in recent years, techniques for controlling the temperature, pressure, and the like of LNG stored in a liquid state and supplying the LNG to a demand section have been continuously developed.
In addition, when LNG is stored in a liquid state, heat permeation into the tank occurs, and a part of the LNG is vaporized to generate Boil-off Gas (BOG), and conventionally, the Boil-off Gas is simply discharged to the outside in order to reduce the pressure of the tank and thereby eliminate the risk of breakage of the tank. However, recently, there is an increasing need to develop an application scheme such as reliquefying the boil-off gas generated in the tank and supplying the reliquefied boil-off gas to a demand section.
Disclosure of Invention
Problems to be solved by the invention
The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a ship including a gas treatment system, which can efficiently supply liquefied gas and/or boil-off gas from a liquefied gas storage tank to a demand section.
technical scheme for solving problems
a ship including a gas treatment system according to an embodiment of the present invention is characterized by comprising: a liquefied gas storage tank for storing liquefied gas; an evaporation gas compressor for supplying the evaporation gas of the liquefied gas storage tank to a demand section; a reliquefaction device that liquefies the remaining boil-off gas that has passed through the boil-off gas compressor without being supplied to the demand section; and a control unit that, when the internal pressure of the liquefied gas storage tank is within a normal pressure range, provides a user with a reminder to request activation of the reliquefaction device when the internal pressure of the liquefied gas storage tank is equal to or higher than a first preset pressure within the normal pressure range.
Specifically, the method further comprises the following steps: and a pump for supplying the liquefied gas stored in the liquefied gas storage tank to the demand section, wherein the control section provides a reminder to the user to request the pump to supply the liquefied gas to the demand section when the internal pressure of the liquefied gas storage tank reaches a first preset pressure within the normal pressure range.
Specifically, the boil-off gas compressor includes: a main compressor which is always operated when the internal pressure of the liquefied gas storage tank is within the normal pressure range; and an auxiliary compressor that determines whether to operate when the internal pressure of the liquefied gas storage tank reaches a second predetermined pressure within the normal pressure range, wherein the control unit may provide a reminder to the user to request the supply of the boil-off gas to the demand section by the auxiliary compressor and a reminder to stop the supply of the liquefied gas to the demand section by the pump when the internal pressure of the liquefied gas storage tank reaches the second predetermined pressure within the normal pressure range.
Specifically, the control unit may include a control unit that provides a reminder to the user to request operation of the reliquefaction device when the internal pressure of the liquefied gas storage tank reaches a third predetermined pressure within the normal pressure range.
Specifically, when the internal pressure of the liquefied gas storage tank reaches a fourth predetermined pressure within the normal pressure range, the control unit may provide the user with a reminder to stop the supply of liquefied gas to the demand unit by the pump.
Specifically, the method may further include: and a gas combustion device that is operated when the internal pressure of the liquefied gas storage tank is within a first dangerous pressure range, when a pressure range in which the internal pressure of the liquefied gas storage tank is higher than the normal pressure range is referred to as the first dangerous pressure range.
Specifically, the method may further include: and a bent mast valve which is opened when the internal pressure of the liquefied gas storage tank is within a second dangerous pressure range, when a pressure range in which the internal pressure of the liquefied gas storage tank is higher than the first dangerous pressure range is referred to as the second dangerous pressure range.
Specifically, the method may further include: and a relief valve that is opened when the internal pressure of the liquefied gas storage tank is within a third dangerous pressure range, when a pressure range in which the internal pressure of the liquefied gas storage tank is higher than the second dangerous pressure range is referred to as the third dangerous pressure range.
Specifically, the method may further include: a pump for supplying the liquefied gas stored in the liquefied gas storage tank to the demand section; and an oil supply device configured to supply oil to the demand section, wherein when a pressure range in which the internal pressure of the liquefied gas storage tank is lower than the normal pressure range is referred to as a fourth dangerous pressure range, the demand section does not receive the liquefied gas or the boil-off gas from the boil-off gas compressor and the pump but receives the oil from the oil supply device when the internal pressure of the liquefied gas storage tank is within the fourth dangerous pressure range.
Effects of the invention
The ship including the gas processing system according to the present invention can improve the system stability and reliability by efficiently supplying liquefied gas and/or boil-off gas from a liquefied gas storage tank to a demand section.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram of a gas processing system according to one embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 2a is a conceptual diagram of a gasification system in the gas processing system of the present invention.
FIG. 2b is a conceptual diagram of a gasification system in the gas processing system of the present invention.
FIG. 2c is a conceptual diagram of a gasification system in the gas processing system of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a diagram showing the internal pressure range of the liquefied gas storage tank of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
the Liquefied Gas below may be LPG (Liquefied Petroleum Gas), LNG, ethane, or the like, and may be exemplified by LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas), and Boil-Off Gas may be BOG (Boil-Off Gas) of LNG or the like that is naturally gasified.
Liquefied gases may refer to, for example, liquid states, gas states, mixed liquid and gas states, subcooled states, supercritical states, etc., regardless of state change, as may vaporized gases. The object to be treated in the present invention is not limited to the liquid gas, and may be a liquefied gas treatment system and/or an evaporated gas treatment system.
FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram of a gas processing system according to one embodiment of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, a gas processing system according to an embodiment of the present invention may be mounted on a ship such as an LNG carrier, and includes a liquefied gas storage tank 10, a demand section 20, a boil-off gas compressor 30, a booster pump 40, a high-pressure pump 41, a vaporizer 42, and a forced vaporizer 50.
hereinafter, the respective configurations of the gas processing system 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described, and after the description of the configurations is completed, the respective embodiments based on the relationship between the system configurations will be described.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the first to tenth three lines, i.e., L1 to L13, may also be included. Valves (not shown) capable of adjusting the opening degree may be provided in the respective lines, and the supply amounts of the evaporated gas and/or the liquefied gas and/or the plurality of refrigerants may be controlled by adjusting the opening degrees of the respective valves.
the liquefied gas storage tank 10 may store-163 degrees of liquefied gas. The liquefied gas storage tank 10 may be a tank such as a stand-alone type, a diaphragm type, a pressurized type, and the like, and its size, form, structure, and the like are not particularly limited as long as they can store liquefied gas.
The liquefied gas storage tank 10 may be mixed with liquefied gas in a liquid state and boil-off gas in a gas state. This is because the liquefied gas is heated due to the permeation of external heat into the liquefied gas storage tank 10, and boil-off gas may be generated as the liquefied gas is heated.
At this time, since the increase in the flow rate of the boil-off gas causes an increase in the internal pressure of the liquefied gas storage tank 10, it is preferable to discharge the boil-off gas in order to protect the liquefied gas storage tank 10. Thus, the present invention can appropriately discharge the boil-off gas in accordance with the pressure of the liquefied gas storage tank 10.
The discharged boil-off Gas may be burned by a Gas Combustion apparatus 23(Gas Combustion Unit) or the like described later, or may be supplied to the demand section 20 (engine, turbine, boiler, or the like) and consumed.
The boil-off gas discharged from the liquefied gas storage tank 10 is cooled to a boiling point or lower by a reliquefier 37 or the like described later, and is liquefied from a gas state to a liquid state (is a liquefied boil-off gas, and is the same as or similar to a liquefied gas), and then subjected to processing such as returning to the liquefied gas storage tank 10.
The liquefied gas storage tank 10 may include an adiabatic part and a wall-proof part to prevent penetration of heat from the outside.
The bulkhead is provided on the inner side (the side adjacent to the liquefied gas) than the heat insulation portion, and the heat insulation portion is provided on the outer side (the side adjacent to the hull) than the bulkhead. However, this may vary depending on the structure of the liquefied gas storage tank 10, and may be determined in various types depending on whether the liquefied gas storage tank 10 is of a diaphragm type, an independent type, a pressurized type, or the like.
The heat insulation portion insulates the inside and the outside of the liquefied gas storage tank 10 using a heat insulating material. The heat insulating part has a heat insulating structure formed of various heat insulating materials such as polyurethane foam (PUF), perlite (perlite), and wood (wood), and may include metals such as stainless steel (SUS) and INVAR (INVAR).
The structure of the heat insulating portion may be determined by a conventionally well-known type such as Mark III, No.96 when the liquefied gas storage tank 10 is of a diaphragm type, and may be determined by a conventionally well-known type such as MOSS, SPB when the liquefied gas storage tank 10 is of a stand-alone type. Of course, the heat insulation portion is not limited in its structure by the illustrated example.
The wall-prevention portion can insulate the inside and outside of the liquefied gas storage tank 10 by using an inert gas. The wall-preventing portion may be formed with a space between the inner wall of the liquefied gas storage tank 10 and the heat insulating portion, and/or between the outer wall of the liquefied gas storage tank 10 and the heat insulating portion, or the like.
An inert gas such as nitrogen gas can be filled in the barrier portion, and the inert gas can be supplied from an inert gas supplier provided outside. In this case, a nitrogen gas generator (N2generator) may be used as the inert gas supplier.
The demand section 20 may be configured to consume a liquefied gas or the like (liquefied gas, boil-off gas, or flash gas) and to release energy or burn off the liquefied gas by consuming the liquefied gas or the like.
For example, the demand section 20 may be a low pressure demand section using a liquefied Gas having a pressure of about 1bar to 10bar (absolute pressure) such as a turbine low pressure engine (DFDE: Dual Fuel Diesel Electric propulsion; DFDG: Dual Fuel Diesel Generator; XDF: ex long stroke Dual Fuel Generator), a reliquefaction device, a boiler, a Gas combustion device, etc., and a high pressure demand section using a liquefied Gas having a pressure of about 200bar to 400bar (absolute pressure) such as a high pressure engine (ME-GI: MAN electronic Controlled, Gas Injection engine, etc.), and the pressure of the liquefied Gas required by each demand section 20 may be different.
That is, in the present invention, the demand section 20 refers to all configurations that consume liquefied gas or the like, and the present invention is not limited to the demand section 20 by a specific configuration.
The embodiment of the present invention has a gas supply portion for processing the liquefied gas or the boil-off gas stored in the liquefied gas storage tank 10. Here, the gas supply unit is configured to deliver liquefied gas and/or boil-off gas to the demand unit 20 such as an engine, and may include a boil-off gas compressor 30, a booster pump 40, a high-pressure pump 41, a vaporizer 42, and the like.
The boil-off gas compressor 30 compresses the boil-off gas discharged from the liquefied gas storage tank 10. The boil-off gas compressor 30 may be a centrifugal compressor, a reciprocating compressor, or the like, and a plurality of boil-off gas compressors 30 may constitute a boil-off gas compression unit (not shown).
In this case, the plurality of boil-off gas compressors 30 constituting the boil-off gas compression section may be provided so as to be all centrifugal, all reciprocating, or both centrifugal and reciprocating.
For example, the boil-off gas compressor 30 may include a reciprocating compressor and/or a centrifugal compressor, and the reciprocating compressor and the centrifugal compressor may be arranged in parallel.
For example, the boil-off gas compressor 30 may be configured in a centrifugal manner in two stages, three stages, five stages, six stages, or the like. The number of stages is compressed only according to the type of the demand section 20 and the required condition of the boil-off gas to be supplied, and does not indicate that the discharge pressure is high as the number of stages is large.
In addition, the boil-off gas compressor 30 may be configured as an ultra-low temperature compressor in order to process the boil-off gas in a low temperature state of about-100 degrees discharged from the liquefied gas storage tank 10. However, since the temperature of the boil-off gas may increase when the boil-off gas is compressed by the boil-off gas compressor 30, in the multistage boil-off gas compressor included in the boil-off gas compression unit, a part of the upstream boil-off gas compressor may be a compressor for ultra-low temperature, and the remaining boil-off gas compressor may be a compressor for normal temperature.
When the temperature of the boil-off gas rises when the boil-off gas is compressed by the boil-off gas compressor 30, the volume of the boil-off gas increases along with the rise of the temperature of the boil-off gas, and the volume of the boil-off gas increases. This increases the unnecessary load on the boil-off gas compressors 30, so that a boil-off gas cooler (not shown) for cooling the compressed boil-off gas can be provided upstream of at least one boil-off gas compressor 30 and/or downstream of at least one boil-off gas compressor 30.
The boil-off gas cooler can cool the boil-off gas using various cold sources, and for example, the boil-off gas cooler can use various types such as seawater, a reliquefaction refrigerant of the reliquefaction device 37, a liquefied gas, a boil-off gas, and a flash gas.
A buffer tank (not shown) may be provided between the stages of the boil-off gas compressor 30 in addition to the boil-off gas cooler. The buffer tank is provided to continuously supply the boil-off gas flowing into each stage of the boil-off gas compressor 30 and maintain the supply pressure.
The boil-off gas flowing into the boil-off gas compressor 30 can exchange heat with the compressed boil-off gas. However, since the boil-off gas flowing into the boil-off gas compressor 30 by heat exchange can be preheated, the boil-off gas compressor 30 can be configured as a normal temperature compressor.
The boil-off gas compressor 30 may compress the boil-off gas to about 10bar (abs) to 400bar (abs). This may be different depending on where the boil-off gas discharged from the boil-off gas compressor 30 is used.
As an example, when the boil-off gas compressed in the boil-off gas compressor 30 is used in the low pressure demand portion 22 such as a turbine, a low pressure engine (DFDE, DFDG, XDF, etc.), a reliquefaction device, a boiler, a gas combustion device, etc., the pressure of the compressed boil-off gas may be about 1bar to 10bar (absolute), and when the compressed boil-off gas is used in the high pressure demand portion 21 such as a high pressure engine (ME-GI, etc.), the pressure of the compressed boil-off gas may be about 200bar to 400bar (absolute).
Of course, the boil-off gas compressor 30 may be provided in a plurality of stages, and a part of the boil-off gas compressor 30 may compress the low-pressure boil-off gas to be discharged to the outside of the boil-off gas compressor 30 and used in the low-pressure demand section 22, and the remaining boil-off gas compressor 30 may further compress the high-pressure boil-off gas to be discharged to the outside of the boil-off gas compressor 30 and used in the high-pressure demand section 21.
That is, in the boil-off gas compression section having the boil-off gas compressors 30 provided in a plurality of stages, the pressure of the boil-off gas supplied to each demand section 20, the number of the boil-off gas compressors 30, the degree of multi-stage compression of the boil-off gas, and the like are not particularly limited and may be variously determined.
In order to transfer the boil-off gas from the liquefied gas storage tank 10 to the low pressure demand section 22 or the high pressure demand section 21 through the boil-off gas compressor 30, a plurality of supply lines (second, third, fifth, seventh, eighth lines (L2, L3, L5, L7, L8), etc.) may be provided from the liquefied gas storage tank 10 to each demand section 20.
At this time, the supply line connected from the boil-off gas compressor (last or middle stage, etc.) to the low pressure demand section 22 may be a low pressure supply line (third line L3), and the supply line connected from the boil-off gas compressor 30 (last or middle stage, etc.) to the high pressure demand section 21 may be a high pressure supply line (second line L2). Therefore, the supply line may be branched into a low pressure supply line (third line L3) and a high pressure supply line (second line L2) with reference to the boil-off gas compressor 30.
in the boil-off gas compressor 30, if the boil-off gas passes through only a part of the boil-off gas compressors 30 provided in a plurality of stages, the boil-off gas can be compressed into a low pressure and supplied to the low pressure demand section 22 along the low pressure supply line L3, and if the boil-off gas compressor 30 provided in a plurality of stages is passed through all, the boil-off gas can be compressed into a high pressure and supplied to the high pressure demand section 21 along the high pressure supply line L2.
The boil-off gas compressor 30 may be partially free of lubricant and the remainder may be lubricated. As an example, if the boil-off gas compressor 30 is provided in five stages, the boil-off gas compressor of one stage to three stages may use no lubricating oil (lubricating oil is not mixed into the boil-off gas) and the boil-off gas compressor of four stages to five stages may use lubricating oil (lubricating oil is mixed into the boil-off gas). This is because lubricating oil is required at the high-pressure stage to smoothly drive the piston of the boil-off gas compressor 30 as the pressure of the boil-off gas becomes high.
Of course, the number of the boil-off gas compressors 30 is not limited to the above number, and in the plurality of boil-off gas compressors 30, part of the front stage (low-pressure stage) may not use lubricating oil, and the remaining part of the rear stage (high-pressure stage) may use lubricating oil.
The first pressure reducing valve 341 is capable of reducing the pressure of the boil-off gas supplied to the reliquefaction device 37 by being pressurized by the boil-off gas compressor 30, or expanding the pressure of the boil-off gas. Although not shown, the first pressure reducing valve 341 reduces or expands the pressure of the boil-off gas compressed by the boil-off gas compressor 30 and supplies the same not only to the reliquefaction device 37 but also to the gas combustion device 23 and the like.
The first pressure reducing valve 341 is provided together with the second pressure reducing valve 342, and thus the boil-off gas pressurized by the boil-off gas compressor 30 can be decompressed or expanded in multiple stages. For example, the first pressure reducing valve 341 primarily reduces the pressure of the boil-off gas pressurized by the boil-off gas compressor 30 or the boil-off gas branched and supplied in the middle of the boil-off gas compressor 30, or primarily expands the pressure of the boil-off gas, and then supplies the resulting boil-off gas to the reliquefaction device 37, and the boil-off gas heat-exchanged in the reliquefaction device 37 is secondarily reduced in pressure or secondarily expanded by the second pressure reducing valve 342, and is reliquefied.
The above-described technique of the first pressure reducing valve 341 can be realized by modifying the configuration in each embodiment.
The gas-liquid separator 35 separates gas from the boil-off gas decompressed or expanded by the first decompression valve 341 or the second decompression valve 342. The boil-off gas is separated into a liquid and a gas in the gas-liquid separator 35, wherein the liquid is supplied to the liquefied gas storage tank 10 and the gas is supplied as a flash gas to the gas combustion device 23.
Here, the boil-off gas supplied to the gas-liquid separator 35 may be in a state of being decompressed and cooled by the first decompression valve 341 or the second decompression valve 342. For example, the boil-off gas may be pressurized in multiple stages by the boil-off gas compressor 30 to have a pressure of 200bar to 400bar and reach a temperature of about 45 degrees. The boil-off gas having risen to a temperature of about 45 degrees is recovered to the reliquefaction device 37 via the first pressure reducing valve 341, and the boil-off gas having undergone heat exchange in the reliquefaction device 37 is supplied to the second pressure reducing valve 342 again. At this time, the evaporation gas may be decompressed by the first decompression valve 341 or the second decompression valve 342 to be cooled to have a pressure of about 1bar and a temperature of about-162.3 degrees.
As described above, in the present embodiment, since the boil-off gas supplied to the gas-liquid separator 35 is decompressed (or multi-stage decompressed) by the first decompression valve 341 or the second decompression valve 342 to have a temperature lower than-162 degrees, about 30 to 40% of the boil-off gas can be liquefied. Thereafter, the gas-liquid separator 35 recovers the liquefied gas into the liquefied gas storage tank 10, and the flash gas generated in the gas-liquid separator 35 can be supplied to the gas combustion device 232 through the ninth line L9 to be combusted without being discarded.
The second pressure reducing valve 342 liquefies at least a portion of the boil-off gas pressurized by the boil-off gas compressor 30 and heat-exchanged in the reliquefaction device 37 by decompressing or expanding the same. For example, the second pressure reducing valve 342 can pressurize the boil-off gas to 1bar to 10bar, and can reduce the pressure to 1bar when the boil-off gas is liquefied and transferred to the liquefied gas storage tank 10, and the boil-off gas can achieve a cooling effect when the pressure is reduced.
Here, the boil-off gas pressurized by the boil-off gas compressor 30 is cooled by heat exchange with the boil-off gas supplied from the liquefied gas storage tank 10 in the reliquefaction device 37, but the pressure can be maintained at the discharge pressure discharged from the boil-off gas compressor 30. In the present embodiment, the boil-off gas can be liquefied by reducing the pressure of the boil-off gas by the second pressure reducing valve 342 to cool the boil-off gas. In this case, the cooling effect of the boil-off gas can be increased as the pressure range to be depressurized increases, and the second pressure reducing valve 342 can reduce the pressure of the boil-off gas pressurized to 300bar by the boil-off gas compressor 30 to 1bar, for example.
The second pressure reducing valve 342 may be constituted by a joule-thomson valve. In contrast, the second pressure reducing valve 342 may be constituted by an expander (not shown). In the case of a joule-thomson valve, the boil-off gas may be cooled efficiently by depressurization so that at least a portion of the boil-off gas is liquefied. In this case, the Expander may be constituted by an Expander (not shown).
In contrast, the expander can be driven without additional electric power, and in particular, the efficiency of the gas treatment system 1 can be improved by using the generated power as electric power for driving the boil-off gas compressor 30. In terms of power transmission, for example, it may be realized by transmission after gear connection or electrical conversion.
The second pressure reducing valve 342 as described above can reduce the pressure of the boil-off gas, which is pressurized by the boil-off gas compressor 30 and heat-exchanged in the reliquefaction apparatus 37, in a plurality of stages together with the first pressure reducing valve 341 described above, or can pressurize the boil-off gas, which is branched and supplied in a middle stage of the boil-off gas compressor 30, in a plurality of stages, which can be flexibly applied by a change of the configuration according to each embodiment.
The booster Pump 40(Boosting Pump) and the High Pressure Pump 41(High Pressure Pump) can pressurize the liquefied gas to a Pressure required by the demand section 20 or can pressurize the liquefied gas to a Pressure close to the Pressure required by the demand section 20. In the present invention, the demand portion 20 may be the high pressure demand portion 21, the low pressure demand portion 22, and the like, and since the pressure of the liquefied gas required for each demand portion 20 may be different, as mentioned, it may be constituted by the booster pump 40 and the high pressure pump 41, may be constituted by only the booster pump 40 or only the high pressure pump 41, and may be constituted in various forms. That is, the pressure of the liquefied gas pressurized by the pumps 40 and 41 may be variously determined from 10bar to 400bar (absolute pressure) according to the demand of the demand section 20, and the present invention is not particularly limited thereto.
At this time, each of the booster pump 40 and the high-pressure pump 41 may be provided in plurality, and either pump may be used mainly and the other pump may be used as a backup. Of course, the load can be reduced by driving two or more pumps at the same time.
The liquefied gas storage tank 10 may be connected with lines (a first line L1 and a sixth line L6) for supplying liquefied gas, and the like, and may flow along a plurality of the lines L1, L6. At this time, the lines L1, L6 for supplying liquefied gas may be connected to the vaporizer 42 and/or the demand section 20, which will be described later, so that liquefied gas can be transferred from the liquefied gas storage tank 10 to the demand section 20.
The lines L1, L6 for supplying liquefied gas may be a high-pressure liquefied gas supply line (first line L1) connected from the liquefied gas storage tank 10 to the high-pressure demand section 21 via pumps 40, 41, and/or a low-pressure liquefied gas supply line (sixth line L6) connected from the liquefied gas storage tank 10 to the low-pressure demand section 22 via the pump 40. In the case where the high-pressure liquefied gas supply line L1 and the low-pressure liquefied gas supply line L6 are provided at the same time, the high-pressure liquefied gas supply line L1 and the low-pressure liquefied gas supply line L6 may be branched at one liquefied gas supply line, and the branching point (for example, between the booster pump 40 and the high-pressure pump 41, etc.) may be determined differently depending on the required pressure of the demand section 20.
The vaporizer 42 heats the liquefied gas. The liquefied gas stored in the liquefied gas storage tank 10 is at an ultra-low temperature of about-160 degrees, and the required temperature of the liquefied gas required at the demand section 20 may be 10 to 50 degrees (preferably about 45 degrees). Therefore, when the liquefied gas is to be delivered to the demand section 20, it is necessary to increase the temperature of the liquefied gas.
Of course, the temperature of the liquefied gas can be increased when the pump 40 or 41 is used for pressurization, but it is not sufficient enough, and therefore, the vaporizer 42 can heat the liquefied gas using another heat source (steam, glycol water, sea water, exhaust gas of the engine, cooling water of the engine, electricity, or the like).
In order to supply the heat source to the vaporizer 42, the present invention may include a vaporizing heat medium storage tank 421, a vaporizing heat medium circulation pump 422, a vaporizing heat medium supply device 423, and a vaporizing heat exchanger 424.
The gasification heat medium storage tank 421 serves as a tank for temporarily storing the gasification heat medium as a heat source, and can stably maintain the supply amount of the gasification heat medium.
The gasification heat medium circulation pump 422 is configured to supply the gasification heat medium from the gasification heat medium storage tank 421 to the gasification heat exchanger 424, and may be provided in plurality in parallel or in series, and when the gasification heat medium is a gas, a heat source compressor (not shown) may be provided instead of the gasification heat medium circulation pump 422.
The gasification heat medium supply device 423 heats the gasification heat medium. The gasification heat medium can be cooled while heating the gasification gas in the gasification heat exchanger 424, and therefore, it is necessary to supplement heat to the cooled gasification heat medium. Therefore, the gasification heat medium is heated by steam or the like, and then the gasification gas can be heated in the gasification heat exchanger 424.
The gasification heat medium supplier 423 may include a plurality of first and second gasification heat medium suppliers 4231 and 4232. Here, the first and second supply devices 4231 and 4232 of the gasification heat medium may be Cooling Water (jack Cooling Water) or seawater of each engine, and may be configured to be parallel to or in series with each other.
At this time, the gasification heat medium may flow along the circulation line GL of the gasification heat medium that circulates and connects the gasification heat exchanger 424, the gasification heat medium supply device 423, the gasification heat medium circulation pump 422, and the gasification heat medium storage tank 421, but the order of the respective configurations (the gasification heat exchanger 424, the gasification heat medium supply device 423, the gasification heat medium circulation pump 422, and the gasification heat medium storage tank 421) connected by the gasification heat medium circulation line GL may be changed in various ways different from the drawings.
further, a gasification heat medium branch line (GLb, GBL1, GBL2) may be connected to the gasification heat medium circulation line GL to appropriately adjust the temperature of the gasification heat medium supplied to the gasification heat exchanger 424 by bypassing the gasification heat medium supply device 423, and the gasification heat medium branch line (GLb, GBL1, GBL2) may branch from the gasification heat medium circulation line GL upstream of the gasification heat medium supply device 423 and merge into the gasification heat medium circulation line GL downstream of the gasification heat medium supply device 423.
The vaporization heat exchanger 424 can supply a heat source to the liquefied gas flowing through the liquefied gas supply line L1 with the circulated vaporization heat medium to vaporize the liquefied gas. The configuration of the gasification heat exchanger 424 may be various configurations of other heat exchangers such as a shell and a tube (shell & tube), and is not particularly limited.
The gas supply unit may further include a forced gasifier 50, a gas-liquid separator 51, and a heater. In this case, the forced vaporizer 50, the gas-liquid separator 51, and the heater may be configured to supply the low-pressure liquefied gas provided in the low-pressure liquefied gas supply line L6 (sixth line), and the intensifier, the high-pressure pumps 40 and 41, and the vaporizer 42 described above may be configured to supply the high-pressure liquefied gas provided in the high-pressure liquefied gas supply line L1.
The configuration of the low-pressure liquefied gas supply may be provided together with or separately from the high-pressure liquefied gas supply configuration, and this may be changed differently depending on the configuration of the demand section 20, and thus, there is no particular limitation.
The booster pump 40 can be shared by the low-pressure liquefied gas supply unit and the high-pressure liquefied gas supply unit. That is, at least a part of the low-pressure liquefied gas supply line and the high-pressure liquefied gas supply line is shared and can be branched downstream of the booster pump 40.
The forced gasifier 50 gasifies the liquefied gas. The forced vaporizer 50 may heat and vaporize the liquefied gas supplied from the liquefied gas storage tank 10 and/or the booster pump 40 by using a heat source, and the heat source used in this case may be steam, glycol water, seawater, exhaust gas of the engine, cooling water of the engine, electricity, or the like as described above in the description of the vaporizer 42. Additionally, the forced gasifier 50 may share a heat source with the gasifier 42.
The forced vaporizer 50 may be connected to the low-pressure liquefied gas supply line L6, and may vaporize the liquefied gas and deliver the vaporized liquefied gas to the low-pressure demand section 22. In this case, methane, propane, butane, or the like is mixed into the liquefied gas, and the methane is gasified in the liquefied gas heated by the forced gasifier 50, so that propane, butane, or the like (hereinafter referred to as heavy carbon) can be maintained in a liquid state.
The gas-liquid separator 51 (or may be a heavy carbon separator) separates heavy carbon remaining in a liquid state in the liquefied gas being gasified. In the case where a large amount of heavy carbon flows in, the driving efficiency of the demand section 20 (preferably, the low pressure demand section 22) that consumes the liquefied gas is lowered. Therefore, the present invention can improve the quality of the liquefied gas supplied to the demand section 20 by vaporizing the liquefied gas and separating the heavy carbon that maintains the liquid state, thereby improving the driving efficiency of the demand section 20.
In this case, the gas-liquid separator 51 may be referred to as a demister, a heavy carbon separator, or the like, and the liquid heavy carbon may be returned to the liquefied gas storage tank 10 or may be transferred to a separately provided tank, and for this reason, the gas-liquid separator 51 may be provided with a heavy carbon return line (not shown) connected to the liquefied gas storage tank 10.
The heater heats the liquefied gas from which the heavy carbon is separated. Although the forced vaporizer 50 heats the liquefied gas, the liquefied gas to be vaporized may not reach the temperature required by the demand section 20 because the liquefied gas has a temperature at which heavy carbon remains in a liquid state (for example, 100 degrees).
Therefore, the heater can heat the liquefied gas using a plurality of heat sources as in the case of the forced gasifier 50, and in this case, the heater can share the heat source with the forced gasifier 50 and/or the gasifier 42.
In the embodiment of the present invention, a filter (not shown) may be further provided upstream of the forced gasifier 50 in order to filter the liquefied gas flowing into the forced gasifier 50. The filter may be a combination of a plurality of valves and filters.
Although the liquefied gas storage tank 10 stores the liquefied gas, there is a possibility that impurities are mixed into the liquefied gas in the liquefied gas storage tank 10 due to a plurality of fluids returned from the outside. Therefore, the filter can screen out impurities mixed in the liquefied gas to transfer the pure liquefied gas to the forced gasifier 50.
As described above, in order to remove the heavy carbon, the vaporizer 50 is forced to vaporize the liquefied gas to about-100 degrees. At this time, the state (temperature, etc.) of the liquefied gas transferred from the forced gasifier 50 to the heavy carbon separator and/or the heater can be adjusted by providing a liquefied gas adjuster (not shown) to the forced gasifier 50.
The gas supply in this embodiment may also include an H/D compressor 36, a reliquefaction device 37, and a return pump 38.
The H/D compressor 36 may be used for compression purposes in order to discharge or eliminate the boil-off gas generated in the liquefied gas storage tank 10 when the fuel is stored to the outside, and the type of the compressor is not limited.
The reliquefaction device 37 reliquefies the excess boil-off gas by reliquefying the refrigerant and returns it to the liquefied gas storage tank 10. The reliquefaction device 37 may include a reliquefaction heat exchanger (not shown) and a reliquefaction refrigerant supply device (not shown).
The reliquefaction device 37 supplies cold air for reliquefying the evaporated gas by a reliquefying refrigerant supply device, and supplies the refrigerant supplied from the reliquefying refrigerant supply device to the reliquefying heat exchanger by a separate pump (not shown), whereby the cold air is supplied to the evaporated gas to enable reliquefaction.
The return pump 38 can supply the liquefied gas storage tank 10 with a liquid state through a tenth line L10 at a gas-liquid separator 35, and the gas-liquid separator 35 separates the boil-off gas reliquefied in the reliquefaction device 37 into a liquid state and a gaseous state.
At this time, in the present invention, when the liquid state is not supplied from the gas-liquid separator 35 to the liquefied gas storage tank 10 (when the supply of the liquid state is interrupted by a pressure difference between the internal pressures of the gas-liquid separator 35 and the liquefied gas storage tank 10), the liquid state of the gas-liquid separator 35 can be supplied to the liquefied gas storage tank 10 by the eleventh line L11 serving as a bypass line and a plurality of bypass valves (not shown) and the return pump 38.
Specifically, when the liquid boil-off gas is stored in the gas-liquid separator 35 at a pressure higher than the internal pressure of the liquefied gas storage tank 10, the supply to the liquefied gas storage tank 10 may be performed through the tenth line L10, and when the liquid boil-off gas is stored in the first gas-liquid separator 35 at a pressure lower than the internal pressure of the liquefied gas storage tank 10, the supply to the liquefied gas storage tank 10 may be performed by driving the reliquefaction supply pump 38.
Hereinafter, examples of the gas processing system that can be derived from the above-described configurations will be described.
The gas processing system 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention may include a configuration for processing the liquefied gas or the evaporated gas and supplying the liquefied gas or the evaporated gas to the demand section 20 by the above-described individual configuration.
Hereinafter, a mechanism of processing the liquefied gas stored in the liquefied gas storage tank 10 and a mechanism of processing the boil-off gas generated in the liquefied gas storage tank 10 will be described in order.
First, to explain a mechanism of processing the liquefied gas stored in the liquefied gas storage tank 10, in the gas processing system 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention, when the liquefied gas stored in the liquefied gas storage tank 10 is supplied to the demand section 20 along the first line L1, impurities in the liquefied gas are first pressurized by the booster pump 40 and then screened out by a filter (not shown), and then a) the liquefied gas is supplied to the forced gasifier 50 along the sixth line L6, or b) the liquefied gas is supplied to the high-pressure pump 41 along the first line L1.
a) The liquefied gas supplied to the forced gasifier 50 along the sixth line L6. The gas heated by the forced gasifier 50 is at least partially gasified, the gas liquid that is forcibly gasified is supplied to the gas-liquid separator 51 and separated into gas and liquid, the heavy carbon is separated into liquid and returned to the liquefied gas storage tank 10, and the gas from which the heavy carbon component is removed can be supplied to the low pressure demand section 22.
b) The liquefied gas supplied to the high-pressure pump 41 along the first line L1 is pressurized to a high pressure by the high-pressure pump 41, is gasified by the gasifier 42, and is then supplied to the high-pressure demand section 21.
To explain a mechanism of processing the boil-off gas generated in the liquefied gas storage tank 10, the gas processing system 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention supplies the boil-off gas generated in the liquefied gas storage tank 10 to the demand section 20 by pressurizing the boil-off gas in multiple stages by the boil-off gas compressor 30 along c) the second line L2 or d) the third line L3.
c) The boil-off gas supplied through the second line L2 is compressed to a high pressure in a plurality of stages by the boil-off gas compressor 30 and can be supplied to the high pressure demand section 21, and may be supplied to the high pressure demand section 21 together with the liquefied gas that is gasified at a high pressure by the process of b) above.
The boil-off gas supplied through the d) third line L3 may be supplied to the low pressure demand section 22 as a boil-off gas supplied by branching the boil-off gas supplied through the second line L2 into two or three stages of the boil-off gas compressor 30, or may be supplied to the low pressure demand section 22 by merging with the liquefied gas that is forcibly vaporized by the above-described a) process.
At this time, the liquefied gas which is forcibly gasified and supplied by the forced gasifier 50 can be supplied when the fuel consumption amount of the low pressure demand section 22 increases, but is not limited to this (the liquefied gas stored in the liquefied gas storage tank 10 is high in the composition ratio of heavy carbon, and in order to reduce this, the heavy carbon is liquefied using the forced gasifier 50 and the gas-liquid separator 51, and only the removed gas is supplied to the low pressure demand section 22, so that the efficiency of the low pressure demand section 22 can be improved).
Of course, the boil-off gas generated in the liquefied gas storage tank 10 may be supplied to the gas combustion device 23 and the curved mast 24 as described above, and in this case, the gas combustion device 23 or the curved mast 24 may be supplied through another line (reference numeral not shown) via a valve (reference numeral not shown) provided on the line.
The gas processing system 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention may include a technique of controlling the boil-off gas compressor 30, the reliquefaction device 37, and the pump 40 according to the internal pressure of the liquefied gas storage tank 10. The pressure range and control will be described below with reference to fig. 3.
The embodiment of the present invention may further include a first control unit (not shown) for notifying a user whether to operate the boil-off gas compressor 30, the reliquefaction device 37, and the pump 40 according to the internal pressure of the liquefied gas storage tank 10.
The first control unit may provide a user with a reminder (HPP start request) to request the pump 40 to supply liquefied gas to a demand unit for consuming liquefied gas, such as the propulsion engine 21 or the power generation engine 22, when the internal pressure of the liquefied gas storage tank 10 reaches a first preset pressure P1 within the normal pressure range Pn, and may provide a user with a reminder to supply liquefied gas to a second preset pressure when the internal pressure reaches a second preset pressureAt the pressure P2, a reminder (HPP store and 2) may be given to the user to request stopping of supply of the liquefied gas to the demand section for consumption of the liquefied gas, such as the propulsion engine 21 or the power generation engine 22, by the pump 40, and to request supply of the boil-off gas to the demand section for consumption of the liquefied gas, such as the propulsion engine 21 or the power generation engine 22, by the auxiliary compressor 32 of the boil-off gas compressor 30ndHPC start request) for requesting the start of the Reliquefaction device 37 when the third preset pressure P3 is reached, and for requesting the stop of the supply of the liquefied gas to the demand section for consuming the liquefied gas such as the propulsion engine 21 or the power generation engine 22 by the pump 40 when the fourth preset pressure P4 is reached.
At this time, the normal pressure range Pn is an internal pressure range (for example, 1.04bar to 1.29 bar) in which the internal pressure of the liquefied gas storage tank 10 is safe, and the pressures in the normal pressure range Pn increase in the order of the first preset pressure P1, the second preset pressure P2, the third preset pressure P3, and the fourth preset pressure P4. The first preset pressure P1 may be 1.06bar, the second preset pressure P2 may be 1.2bar, the third preset pressure P3 may be 1.27bar, and the fourth preset pressure P4 may be 1.8 bar.
In addition, the boil-off gas compressor 30 may include: a main compressor 31 that operates at all times when the internal pressure of the liquefied gas storage tank 10 is within a normal pressure range Pn; and an auxiliary compressor 32 which determines whether it is operated when the internal pressure of the liquefied gas storage tank 10 reaches a second preset pressure P2 within the normal pressure range Pn.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the liquefied gas storage tank 10 may have: a first dangerous pressure range D1 to D2 (1.29 bar to 1.32bar as an example) as a pressure range in which the internal pressure is higher than the normal pressure range Pn; second dangerous pressure ranges D2 to D3 (1.32 bar to 1.35bar as an example) which are higher pressure ranges than the first dangerous pressure ranges D1 to D2; a third dangerous pressure range (more than D3: more than 1.35bar as an example) which is a higher pressure range than the second dangerous pressure range; a fourth dangerous pressure range (below D4: below 1.03bar as an example) which is a pressure range lower than the normal pressure range.
In addition, the embodiment of the present invention may further include: a first flow path (not shown; in the second line L2, a line provided in the boil-off gas compressor 30 located on the lower side of the boil-off gas compressor 30) that connects the liquefied gas storage tank 10 and the propulsion engine 21 or the power generation engine 22 and that always flows to the propulsion engine 21 when the boil-off gas generated in the liquefied gas storage tank 10 is within the normal pressure range Pn; a second flow path (not shown; in the second line L2, a line provided in the boil-off gas compressor 30 located above the boil-off gas compressor 30) at least a part of which is connected in parallel to the first flow path, and which allows the boil-off gas generated in the liquefied gas storage tank 10 to flow to the propulsion engine 21; a third flow path (a first line L1) for connecting the liquefied gas tank 10 and the propulsion engine 21 and for flowing the liquefied gas stored in the liquefied gas tank 10 to the propulsion engine 21; the fourth flow path is branched at the first flow path or the second flow path and connected to the reliquefaction device 37.
At this time, the first controller may provide a user with a reminder to flow the boil-off gas or the liquefied gas through the first to third flow paths based on the internal pressure of the liquefied gas storage tank 10.
Specifically, the first control unit may provide a user with a reminder to request the liquefied gas to be supplied to the propulsion engine 21 through the third flow path when the internal pressure of the liquefied gas storage tank 10 reaches the first preset pressure P1 in the normal pressure range Pn, may provide a user with a reminder to request the supply of the vaporized gas to the propulsion engine 21 through the second flow path and a reminder to request the stop of the supply of the liquefied gas to the demand section through the third flow path when the second preset pressure P2 is reached, may provide a reminder to the user to request the supply of the vaporized gas to the reliquefaction device 37 through the fourth flow path when the third preset pressure P3 is reached, and may provide a reminder to the user to request the stop of the supply of the liquefied gas to the propulsion engine 21 through the third flow path when the fourth preset pressure P4 is reached.
In addition, the embodiment of the present invention may be provided with a second control unit (not shown) that opens the gas combustion device 23(GCU supply valve (not shown) and the GCU variable open) when the internal pressure of the liquefied gas storage tank 10 reaches the first dangerous pressure range D1 to D2, opens the bent mast valve (not shown) when the internal pressure reaches the second dangerous pressure range D2 to D3, and opens the Safety valve 25(safe movable open) when the internal pressure reaches the third dangerous pressure range (D3 or more).
When the internal pressure of the liquefied gas storage tank 10 reaches the fourth dangerous pressure range (D4 or less), the second control unit stops the driving of the boil-off gas compressor 30 and the pump 40 and operates (f.o. start) an oil supply device (not shown) for supplying oil to the demand section 20 so that the demand section 20 operates by receiving oil from the oil supply device without receiving liquefied gas or boil-off gas from the boil-off gas compressor 30 and the pump 40. Here, the description has been made with the control section being the first and second sections, but it is needless to say that the control may be realized by one control section.
In the embodiment of the present invention, since the boil-off gas generated in the liquefied gas storage tank 10 can be managed and treated by controlling the ship speed, there is a possibility that the internal pressure of the liquefied gas storage tank 10 can be sufficiently and effectively controlled even by the warning of the first and second control units as described above
As described above, the embodiment of the present invention controls the boil-off gas compressor 30, the reliquefaction device 37, and the pump 40 according to the internal pressure of the liquefied gas storage tank 10, thereby efficiently treating the boil-off gas in the liquefied gas storage tank 10 and allowing the user to efficiently manage the internal pressure in the liquefied gas storage tank 10 by the first and second control units.
The gas processing system 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention may have a technology capable of sharing the H/D compressor 36 at the time of fuel storage and at the time of maintenance of the liquefied gas storage tank 10.
The gas processing system 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention mainly includes: an H/D compressor 36 that pressurizes the boil-off gas generated in the liquefied gas storage tank 10; a heater (not shown) for heating the boil-off gas compressed by the H/D compressor 36; and an onshore storage site (Shore) for storing the liquefied gas to be supplied to the liquefied gas storage tank 10 at the time of fuel storage, or a temporary storage site (not shown) for temporarily storing the boil-off gas generated in the liquefied gas storage tank 10 at the time of fuel storage.
When Loading (Loading) the liquefied gas into the liquefied gas storage tank 10 from the outside for the first time, (including a case where the liquefied gas is loaded into a ship after the maintenance work of the liquefied gas storage tank 10 is completed), that is, considering that the liquefied gas is a combustible substance at an ultra-low temperature, a special work, that is, a replacement work should be performed in advance, unlike a general storage tank, at the time of fuel storage.
In a typical replacement method for the liquefied gas storage tank 10, moisture is removed by supplying dry gas into the liquefied gas storage tank 10, and oxygen is removed by supplying inert gas into the liquefied gas storage tank 10, thereby eliminating the possibility of fire or explosion. Thereafter, a cooling (Cool-down) process is performed in which the non-active gas is removed by supplying a hydrocarbon gas into the liquefied gas storage tank 10, and the liquefied gas is used to Cool the liquefied gas storage tank 10. Once the cooling process is completed, the replacement method is completed, and thereafter, the liquefied gas such as LNG is supplied into the liquefied gas storage tank 10 to perform the loading operation.
In contrast, when the liquefied gas stored in the liquefied gas storage tank 10 is unloaded (Unloading) to the onshore demand (Shore) (including a case where the liquefied gas is completely removed before the maintenance operation of the liquefied gas storage tank 10), an operation slightly different from the described process is performed.
First, all of the liquefied gas stored in the liquefied gas storage tank 10 is discharged to the demand section (Shore). At this time, the remaining liquefied gas may be heated to remove all of the remaining liquefied gas. In the temperature raising stage, the evaporated gas generated in the liquefied gas storage tank 10 is compressed by a compressor, and then heated by a separate heater to return to the liquefied gas storage tank 10, whereby the internal temperature of the liquefied gas storage tank 10 is increased to completely vaporize the remaining liquefied gas. After the temperature raising stage, in order to remove all the boil-off gas remaining in the liquefied gas storage tank 10, an inert gas is supplied and a dry gas is introduced to dry the interior, and then oxygen is supplied so that air can flow into the interior. Through the above process, the unloading process of the liquefied gas storage tank 10 is ended, and thereafter, a worker for maintenance work or the like can be introduced.
Here, even if the liquefied gas storage tank 10 is cooled during the liquefied gas loading process (fuel storage), a large amount of boil-off gas is generated when the liquefied gas is shipped, and in this case, there is a risk that the internal pressure of the liquefied gas storage tank 10 increases, and a compressor is used to discharge the generated boil-off gas to the outside (Shore).
in addition, in the liquefied gas unloading process, a compressor is used in the process of compressing the boil-off gas in order to increase the temperature inside the liquefied gas storage tank 10 in the temperature increasing stage.
The H/D compressor 36 can implement all of the compression process used during loading of liquefied gas and the compression process used during unloading of liquefied gas as described above.
That is, the H/D compressor 36 can supply the boil-off gas generated during fuel storage to the onshore demand (Shore) by pressurizing the boil-off gas, or can circulate the boil-off gas to the liquefied gas storage tank 10 by pressurizing the boil-off gas remaining in the liquefied gas storage tank 10 at the temperature increase stage and returning the boil-off gas to the liquefied gas storage tank 10 again when the liquefied gas is unloaded (before maintenance of the liquefied gas storage tank 10).
Specifically, the H/D compressor 36 may receive and compress the boil-off gas generated in the liquefied gas storage tank 10 through the seventh line L7 during the fuel storage and supply the boil-off gas to the onshore demand site (Shore), and when the liquefied gas is unloaded (before the liquefied gas storage tank 10 is maintained), the boil-off gas remaining in the liquefied gas storage tank 10 may be pressurized and heated by the heater 361 and then returned to the liquefied gas storage tank 10 through the eighth line L8 and the twelfth line L12, so that the boil-off gas may circulate through the liquefied gas storage tank 10, the H/D compressor 36, the heater 361, and the liquefied gas storage tank 10 in this order. Therefore, all of the liquefied gas stored in the liquefied gas storage tank 10 can be vaporized, and all of the vaporized liquefied gas can be discharged to the outside of the liquefied gas storage tank 10.
In this case, the H/D compressor 36 may be a High Duty type compressor.
That is, the H/D compressor 36 may be used for compressing the boil-off gas generated during the fuel storage and discharging the boil-off gas to the demand portion (Shore), and may be used for pressurizing the boil-off gas stored in the liquefied gas storage tank 10 so as to increase the temperature of the remaining boil-off gas and circulate the liquefied gas storage tank 10 so as to vaporize all of the remaining liquefied gas stored in the liquefied gas storage tank 10 when the liquefied gas is unloaded (before maintenance of the liquefied gas storage tank 10 is started).
As such, in the embodiment of the present invention, the H/D compressor 36 can be used in common when storing fuel and when unloading liquefied gas or when maintaining the liquefied gas storage tank 10, thereby reducing the cost of the compressor, reducing the space for constructing the system, and maximizing the space used in the ship.
The gas processing system 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention may further include: a technique of increasing the reliquefaction rate by a first pressure reducing valve 341 additionally provided together with the reliquefaction device 37; a technique capable of bypassing the return pump 35 in accordance with the internal pressure of the gas-liquid separator 35; and a technique of sharing a line through which the boil-off gas is supplied to the GCU23 and the reliquefaction device 37.
The gas processing system 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention mainly includes: a boil-off gas compressor 30 that pressurizes the boil-off gas generated in the liquefied gas storage tank 10 in multiple stages; a reliquefier 37 for liquefying the vapor compressed by the vapor compressor 30 with a refrigerant; a first pressure reducing valve 341 for reducing or expanding the pressure of the boil-off gas compressed by the boil-off gas compressor 30; a second pressure reducing valve 342 for reducing or expanding at least a part of the liquefied boil-off gas by the reliquefaction device; and a gas-liquid separator 35 for maintaining the pressure of the evaporated gas reliquefied by the second pressure reducing valve 342 at the second reduced pressure and separating the evaporated gas into a gas state and a liquid state
Here, the reliquefaction device 37 branches off in the middle of the boil-off gas compressor 30 to liquefy the boil-off gas compressed to a low pressure (13bar to 15bar) by the refrigerant, and more specifically, branches off in the middle of the boil-off gas compressor 30 to compress the boil-off gas compressed to a low pressure (13bar to 15bar), and is cooled by the reliquefaction device 37 after being decompressed to 7bar to 8bar by the first decompression valve 341, and the cooled boil-off gas may be secondarily decompressed to 5bar to 6bar by the second decompression valve 342.
As described above, in the embodiment of the present invention, the pressure reducing valve 342 may be further provided at the rear end of the reliquefaction device 37, and the reliquefaction efficiency can be further improved as compared with the conventional one.
The gas-liquid separator 35 supplies the separated gas to the gas combustion device 23 that consumes the flash gas (flash gas) via the heater 33, and can return the separated liquid to the liquefied gas storage tank 10. The embodiment of the invention can also comprise: a return line L10 (tenth line) connecting the gas-liquid separator 35 and the liquefied gas storage tank 10; a bypass line L11 (eleventh line) that bypasses the regression line L10; a return pump 38 that is provided on the bypass line L11 and returns the liquefied gas in the liquid state stored in the gas-liquid separator 35 to the liquefied gas storage tank 10; and a branch line (not shown) that branches between the first pressure reducing valve 341 and the reliquefaction device 37 and supplies the branch line to the gas combustion device 23.
Specifically, the liquefied gas in the liquid state stored in the gas-liquid separator 35 can be supplied to the liquefied gas storage tank 10 through the return line L10 (tenth line) when the internal pressure of the gas-liquid separator 35 is equal to or higher than a predetermined pressure value, and can be supplied to the liquefied gas storage tank 10 through the bypass line L11 (tenth line) by driving the return pump 38 when the internal pressure of the gas-liquid separator 35 is lower than the predetermined pressure value.
That is, since the gas-liquid separator 35 stores the boil-off gas decompressed to 5 to 6bar for the second time by the second decompression valve 342, the boil-off gas in a liquid state can be naturally supplied according to a pressure gradient which is a physical law since it is larger than the internal pressure of the liquefied gas storage tank 10, and when the internal pressure of the gas-liquid separator 35 is equal to or more than a predetermined pressure value, the boil-off gas can be supplied to the liquefied gas storage tank 10 through the regression line L10, so that there is an effect that the driving power consumption of the regression pump 38 is prevented and the return to the liquefied gas storage tank 10 can be stably realized.
In the branch line, when the supply amount of the boil-off gas branched off at the middle stage of the boil-off gas compressor 30 and compressed to a low pressure is larger than the preset supply amount, at least a part of the boil-off gas branched off at the middle stage of the boil-off gas compressor 30 and compressed to a low pressure may be supplied to the gas combustion device 23, and when the supply amount of the boil-off gas branched off at the middle stage of the boil-off gas compressor 30 and compressed to a low pressure is smaller than the preset supply amount, all of the boil-off gas branched off at the middle stage of the boil-off gas compressor 30 and compressed to a low pressure may be supplied to the reliquefaction device 37.
That is, the first and second pressure reducing valves 341 and 342 are provided together on the fourth line L4, so that it is not necessary to provide a separate side flow line of the boil-off gas compressor 30 in addition to the fourth line L4, and therefore, it is possible to minimize a branch line of the boil-off gas compressor (301), thereby having an effect of improving the driving reliability of the system. (if the side flow line of the boil-off gas compressor 30 is increased, the driving efficiency is lowered)
Here, the preset pressure value is 5 to 6bar, the reliquefier 37 uses nitrogen as the refrigerant, and the second pressure reducing valve 342 may be a joule-thomson valve.
The gas processing system 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention may include: a technique of supplying the low pressure-requiring portion 22 without additional decompression; and a technique capable of reducing the delivery pressure of the booster pump 40 when supplying the liquefied gas to the high pressure demand section 21.
The gas processing system 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention mainly includes: a booster pump 40 that pressurizes the liquefied gas stored in the liquefied gas storage tank 10 for the first time; a high-pressure pump 41 that receives the first pressurized liquefied gas from the booster pump 40 and pressurizes it for the second time; a vaporizer 42 that receives the pressurized liquefied gas from the high-pressure pump 41 for the second time and vaporizes the liquefied gas; a high pressure demand section 21 that receives the gasified high pressure liquefied gas from the gasifier 42 or receives the pressurized boil-off gas from the boil-off gas compressor 30 and consumes the same; a low pressure demand section 22 that receives and consumes the low-pressure boil-off gas that is branched and pressurized at the middle section of the boil-off gas compressor 30; a forced vaporizer 50 for receiving the liquefied gas stored in the liquefied gas storage tank 10 and forcibly vaporizing the liquefied gas; and a gas-liquid separator 51 that is provided between the forced gasifier 50 and the low pressure demand section 22, receives the liquefied gas that is forcibly gasified from the forced gasifier 50, and separates the liquefied gas into a gas state and a liquid state.
The booster pump 40 is configured to be able to supply the liquefied gas stored in the liquefied gas storage tank 10 to the high-pressure pump 41 or the forced vaporizer 50 by first pressurizing the liquefied gas, and thus the booster pump 40 can share the pumps supplied to the high-pressure pump 41 and the forced vaporizer 50.
Here, the forced vaporizer 50 receives the liquefied gas stored in the liquefied gas storage tank 10 in a state pressurized for the first time from the booster pump 40, vaporizes the liquefied gas, and supplies the vaporized liquefied gas to the low pressure demand section 22, so that the fuel can be supplied to the low pressure demand section 22 without additional decompression. Thus, the present embodiment has the effect of omitting the provision of a pressure reducing valve at the inlet end of the low pressure requiring portion 22.
The forced vaporizer 50 receives the liquefied gas stored in the liquefied gas storage tank 10 in a state pressurized for the first time from the booster pump 40, vaporizes the liquefied gas, and then can supply the liquefied gas to the tip of the boil-off gas compressor 30. In the present embodiment, the required pressure of the demand section 20 is matched by the boil-off gas compressor 30, and therefore, there is an effect that the delivery pressure of the booster pump 40 can be reduced. Of course, in this case as well, the liquefied gas supplied to the forced vaporizer 50 may be supplied by the booster pump 40 for the liquefied gas supplied to the high-pressure pump 41.
As described above, the booster pump 40 shares the pumps supplied to the high-pressure pump 41 and the forced vaporizer 50, thereby reducing the construction cost of the pump 40, and the boil-off gas forcibly vaporized by the forced vaporizer 50 is supplied to the tip of the boil-off gas compressor 30, thereby reducing the liquefied gas delivery pressure in the liquefied gas storage tank 10, and reducing the driving power of the pump 40.
The gas treatment system 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention may include a technique of sharing at least one or more return lines L10 of the gas-liquid separator 35, the cooling circulation line L13 of the high-pressure pump 41, and the return line (not shown) of the gas-liquid separator 51 provided at the rear end of the forced gasifier 50, respectively.
The gas processing system 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention mainly includes: a reliquefaction device 37 for reliquefying the boil-off gas compressed by the boil-off gas compressor 30; a gas-liquid separator 35 that separates the boil-off gas reliquefied by the reliquefaction device 37 into a gas state and a liquid state; a gas-liquid separator 51 that separates liquefied gas, which is forcibly gasified from the high-pressure pump 41 that pressurizes the liquefied gas stored in the liquefied gas storage tank 10 and the forced gasifier 50 that forcibly gasifies the liquefied gas, into a gas state and a liquid state; a cooling circulation line L13 (thirteenth line) connected from the high-pressure pump 41 to the liquefied gas storage tank 10 at the time of cooling of the high-pressure pump 41; a return line L10 (tenth line) of the gas-liquid separator 35 for returning the liquid state of the gas-liquid separator 35 to the liquefied gas storage tank 10; and a return line (not shown) of the gas-liquid separator 51 for returning the liquid state of the gas-liquid separator 51 to the liquefied gas storage tank 10.
In the embodiment of the invention, at the time of cooling of the high-pressure pump 41, at least one or more of the line L13 for returning the liquid state of the gas-liquid separator 35 to the liquefied gas storage tank 10, the line L10 for returning the liquid state of the gas-liquid separator 51 to the liquefied gas storage tank 10 can be shared.
As described above, at least one or more of the cooling circulation line L13 of the high-pressure pump 41, the return line L11 of the gas-liquid separator 35, and the return line of the gas-liquid separator 51 can be shared, so that the configuration having the return line is simple, the driving reliability of the system is improved, the effect of returning can be stably achieved, and the cooling can be completed in advance by sharing the return line, thereby having an effect of preventing the occurrence of the re-gasification while returning the liquid-state evaporated gas to the liquefied gas storage tank 10. That is, the reliquefaction efficiency is substantially improved.
As an example, in the embodiment of the present invention, only the cooling circulation line L13 of the high-pressure pump 41 and the return line of the gas-liquid separator 35 can be shared.
When the driving of the high-pressure demand section 21 by the liquefied gas and the reliquefaction of the boil-off gas by the reliquefier 37 are performed simultaneously, the discharge pressure of the gas-liquid separator 35, that is, the pressure of the return line L10 is about 5 to 6bar, and the cooling circulation line L13 of the high-pressure pump 41 corresponds to about 9bar, so that in the case of the return line L10, a back pressure is generated and a problem of backflow to the gas-liquid separator 35 may occur.
However, in the embodiment of the present invention, since the case where the high-pressure demand section 21 is driven by liquefied gas and the case where the evaporated gas is reliquefied by the reliquefaction device 37 do not occur at the same time, it is possible to prevent the reverse pressure from occurring on the shared line and efficiently share the return line by sharing only the cooling circulation line L13 of the high-pressure pump 41 and the return line of the gas-liquid separator 35 (the case where the reliquefaction device 37 is driven is a case where the evaporated gas remains, in this case, since the supply of a sufficient amount of the evaporated gas is being performed to the high-pressure demand section 21 by the evaporated gas compressor 30, it is not necessary to supply the liquefied gas to the high-pressure demand section 21 by the high-pressure pump 41, and thus the case where the high-pressure pump 41 is.
In another example of the embodiment of the present invention, the cooling circulation line L13 of the high-pressure pump 41 and the return line of the gas-liquid separator 51 can be shared only when all of the high-pressure demand portion 21 and the low-pressure demand portion 22 are driven.
Since the forced gasifier 50 is operated only in the case where the low pressure demand portion 22 is driven and the high-pressure pump 41 is operated only in the case where the high-pressure demand portion 21 is driven, the cooling circulation line L13 of the high-pressure pump 41 and the return line of the gas-liquid separator 51 can be shared only in the case where both the high-pressure and low-pressure demand portions 21, 22 are operated.
Thus, the liquid state that is cooled in advance by the return line of the gas-liquid separator 51 and returned to the liquefied gas storage tank 10 is not re-vaporized by the cooling of the high-pressure pump 41, and the internal pressure of the liquefied gas storage tank 10 can be effectively managed. At this time, of course, the return line of the gas-liquid separator 51 and the cooling circulation line L13 of the high-pressure pump 41 flow at different points in time from each other, and therefore, the problem of back pressure does not occur (the cooling of the high-pressure pump 41 is driven only in the initial stage of the supply to the high-pressure demand section 21, while the return line of the gas-liquid separator 51 is continuously driven during the supply to the low-pressure demand section 22).
The gas treatment system 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention may include a technique of simplifying cooling of the return line of the gas-liquid separator 51 by connecting the front end of the forced gasifier 50 with the return line of the gas-liquid separator 51.
The gas processing system 1 of the embodiment of the present invention mainly includes: a gas-liquid separator 51 for separating the liquefied gas forcibly gasified by the forced gasifier 50 for forcibly gasifying the liquefied gas into a gas state and a liquid state; a return line of the gas-liquid separator 51 for returning the liquid state of the gas-liquid separator 51 to the liquefied gas storage tank 10; and a bypass line (not shown) for connecting a front end of the forced gasifier 50 and a return line of the gas-liquid separator 51.
The embodiment of the present invention includes a bypass line connecting the front end of the forced gasifier 50 and the return line of the gas-liquid separator 51, and can share the bypass line of the forced gasifier 50 and the return line of the gas-liquid separator 51 together.
Thus, the bypass line of the forced gasifier 50 is connected to the return line of the gas-liquid separator 51, and not to the tip of the gas-liquid separator 51, so that the bypass function of the forced gasifier 50 and the return line cooling function of the gas-liquid separator 51 can be shared, and the cooling of the gas-liquid separator 51 can be simplified and optimized.
The gas treatment system 1 of embodiments of the present invention may include techniques for supplying engine cooling water and steam in parallel and in series during the supply of a heat source to the glycol water used in the gasifier 42.
Hereinafter, description will be given with reference to fig. 2a to 2 c. First, the first and second embodiments 42a, 42b of the gasifier will be described together.
Fig. 2a and 2b are conceptual views of a gasification system in the gas processing system of the present invention.
The first and second embodiments 42a, 42b of the gasifier of the gas treatment system 1 according to an embodiment of the invention comprise: a vaporizer 424 (vaporization heat exchanger) for vaporizing the liquefied gas stored in the liquefied gas storage tank 10 by a vaporization heat medium; a first heat exchanger 4231 (a first supply device of a gasification heat medium) for exchanging heat between the gasification heat medium and the engine cooling water; a second heat exchanger 4232 (a second vaporizing heat medium supply device) for supplying a heat source to the vaporizing heat medium; and a circulation pump 422 for circulating the gasification heat medium so as to supply the gasification medium to the gasification unit 424.
Specifically, in the first and second embodiments 42a and 42b of the vaporizer of the gas treatment system 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention, the first and second vaporized heat medium supply devices 4231 and 4232 may supply the heat source to the vaporized heat medium in the order of the first and second vaporized heat medium supply devices 4231 and 4232, and more specifically, may be connected in series in the order of the circulation pump 422, the first vaporized heat medium supply device 4231, and the second vaporized heat medium supply device 4232, or connected in series in the order of the first vaporized heat medium supply device 4231, the circulation pump 422, and the second vaporized heat medium supply device 4232.
Here, as for the first supply device 4231 of the gasification heat medium and the second supply device 4232 of the gasification heat medium, two heat exchangers may be provided in different types from each other in such a manner that the first supply device 4231 of the gasification heat medium is a Plate (Plate) and the second supply device 4232 of the gasification heat medium is a Shell and Tube (Shell & Tube). Of course, both heat exchangers can be used in the same Plate (Plate) fashion or Shell and Tube (Shell & Tube) fashion. The second gasification heat medium supply device 4232 may use steam or seawater as a heat source for supplying the gasification heat medium.
In the first and second embodiments 42a, 42b of the gasifier of the gas processing system 1 of the embodiment of the present invention, further comprising: a first bypass line GBL1 (first branch line of the gasification heat medium) for bypassing the gasification heat medium passing through the first supply device 4231 from the rear end to the front end of the first supply device 4231 of the gasification heat medium by connecting the front end and the rear end of the first supply device 4231 of the gasification heat medium; a second bypass line GBL2 (a gasification heat medium second branch line) for bypassing the gasification heat medium passed through the gasification heat medium second supply device 4232 from the rear end to the front end of the gasification heat medium second supply device 4232 by connecting the front end and the rear end of the gasification heat medium second supply device 4232; a controller 902 for controlling the first bypass line GBL1 or the second bypass line GBL 2; and a gasification heat medium storage tank 421 for storing the gasification heat medium.
When the gasification heat medium supplied to the vaporizer 424 is equal to or lower than a preset temperature value, the controller 902 drives the first branch line GBL1 or the second branch line GBL2 of the gasification heat medium to reheat the gasification heat medium. Here, the preset temperature value is from-85 degrees to-95 degrees, and the second gasification heat medium supply device 4232 may supply a heat source depending on the heat source supply capacity of the first gasification heat medium supply device 4231.
To explain a process of circulating the gasification heat medium in a heating/cooling manner in the first embodiment 42a of the vaporizer of the gas treatment system according to an embodiment of the present invention, the gasification heat medium stored in the gasification heat medium storage tank 421 is circulated by the gasification heat medium circulation pump 422 and heated by the first gasification heat medium supply device 4231 by the engine cooling water (cooling water jacket) and can be heated to the upper-zero 70 at the maximum, and then supplied to the second gasification heat medium supply device 4232 and heated by steam or seawater and can be heated to about the upper-zero 85 to 95 degrees (preferably 90 degrees), and then supplied to the gasification heat exchanger 424 and can heat the lower-130 degrees flowing through the first line L1 to the upper-zero 35 to 55, and the gasification refrigerant can be cooled from the upper-zero 90 degrees to the upper-zero 50.
Here, since the engine cooling water is supplied from the first gasification heat medium supply device 4231, the amount of the engine cooling water can be changed according to the driving of the engine during the heating, and therefore, the heat source supply amount of the engine cooling water is reduced when the engine cooling water is driven at a low speed, and the second gasification heat medium supply device 4232 can start the heating by changing the amount of the gasification heat medium supplied to the first gasification heat medium supply device 4231. This can be achieved by the above-described driving of the controller 902, and the controller 902 may receive the temperature information of the liquefied gas or the gasification heat medium from the first temperature measuring device 921 and the second temperature measuring device 922 in a wired or wireless manner, and based on this, may drive the first bypass line GBL1 or the second bypass line GBL2 to heat the gasification heat medium according to the above-described situation.
A process of circulating the gasification heat medium in a heating/cooling manner in the second embodiment 42b of the vaporizer of the gas treatment system 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described, and since only the order of the first gasification heat medium supply device 4231 and the gasification heat medium circulation pump 422 is changed, the same description as that in the first embodiment 42a of the vaporizer as described above is omitted.
The third embodiment 42c of the vaporizer will be explained below.
FIG. 2c is a conceptual diagram of a gasification system in the gas processing system of the present invention.
The third embodiment 42c of the vaporizer of the gas treatment system 1 according to the embodiment of the invention includes a heater 4233 (vaporizing heat medium additional heater) provided at the rear end of the vaporizing heat exchanger 424, the vaporizing heat medium first supplier 4231, the vaporizing heat medium second supplier 4232, the circulation pump 422, the vaporizing heat medium first supplier 4231, additionally heating the vaporizing heat heated by the first supplier 4231; a bypass line GBL4 (a third branch line of the gasification heat medium) is provided at the rear end of the first supply device 4231 of the gasification heat medium, and the gasification heat medium heated by the first supply device 4231 of the gasification heat medium is supplied to the front end of the second supply device 4232 of the gasification heat medium.
In the case of the first and second gasification heat medium supply devices 4231 and 4232, the first and second gasification heat medium supply devices 4231 and 4232 are connected in parallel, the first gasification heat medium supply device 4231 preferentially heats the gasification heat medium, the second gasification heat medium supply device 4232 may further heat the gasification heat medium, and the first and second gasification heat medium supply devices 4231 and 4232 may be disposed at the rear end of the circulation pump 422.
Specifically, when the temperature of the rear end of the first gasification heat medium supply device 4231 is equal to or lower than the preset temperature, the gasification heat medium heated by the first gasification heat medium supply device 4231 is heated by the heater 4233, or is supplied to the front end of the second gasification heat medium supply device 4232 through the bypass line GBL 4.
Here, the two heat exchangers may be provided in a Plate (Plate) type in the first supply unit 4231 of the gasification heat medium and in a Shell and Tube (Shell & Tube) type in the second supply unit 4232 of the gasification heat medium, but may be used in a Plate (Plate) type or a Shell and Tube (Shell & Tube) type. The second supply device 4232 for the gasification heat medium may use steam or seawater as a heat source for supplying the gasification heat medium.
To explain the process of circulating the gasification heat medium in the heating/cooling manner in the third embodiment 42c of the vaporizer of the gas treatment system 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention, the gasification heat medium stored in the gasification heat medium storage tank 421 may be circulated by the gasification heat medium circulation pump 422 and heated by the engine cooling water (cooling water jacket) by the gasification heat medium first supply device 4231, and may be heated up to 90 degrees at maximum.
However, since the amount of engine cooling water varies according to the driving of the engine, it is difficult to supply a constant heat source to the gasification heat exchanger 424 due to a severe temperature change. In order to prevent this, the present invention may further include a gasification heat medium additional heater 4233. When the engine is driven at a low speed and the amount of heat source supply of engine cooling water is reduced, the engine can be heated to 90 degrees above zero by reheating the engine by vaporizing the heat medium additional heater 4233. Thereafter, the liquefied gas having a temperature of minus 130 degrees, which is supplied to the vaporization heat exchanger 424 and flows through the first line L1, may be heated to a temperature of minus 35 to 55 degrees, and the vaporized refrigerant may be cooled from a temperature of minus 90 degrees to a temperature of minus 50 degrees.
Here, the second supply device 4232 of the gasification heat medium may be changed depending on the first supply device 4231 of the gasification heat medium to start heating. This can be achieved by the above-described driving of the controller 902, and the controller 902 may receive temperature information of the liquefied gas or the gasification heat medium from the first temperature measuring device 921 and the second temperature measuring device 922 by wire or wirelessly, and based on this, the first bypass line GBL1 or the second bypass line GBL2 may be driven according to the above-described situation, thereby heating the gasification heat medium.
Further, when the supply of the engine cooling water is so small that the heating amount is insufficient even by the vaporization heat medium additional heater 4233 due to the long-term stop of the driving of the engine, the vaporization heat medium second supply device 4232 supplies the vaporization heat medium to the vaporization heat medium circulation line GL without supplying the vaporization heat medium to the third branch line GBL3, and thus can heat the vaporization heat medium to 90 degrees above zero.
In the third embodiment 42c of the vaporizer according to the embodiment of the present invention, since the amount of the engine cooling water varies depending on the driving of the engine, when the heat source supply amount of the engine cooling water is reduced by the low-speed driving, the vaporizing heat medium fourth branch line GBL4 bypasses the vaporizing heat medium second supply device 4232, and the vaporizing heat medium second supply device 4232 can heat up to 90 degrees above zero.
In this way, the heating technology of the gasification heat medium supply device and the gasification heat medium in parallel or in series can reduce the boiler operation by reducing the flow rate of the steam by the engine cooling water, thereby reducing the fuel consumption and improving the driving reliability of the gasifier 42 in series or in parallel.
the gas processing system 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention may include a technology that realizes the processing of liquefied gas and vaporized gas according to the internal pressure of the liquefied gas storage tank 10 by parallel driving.
The gas processing system 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention mainly includes: boil-off gas compressors 30 arranged in parallel; liquefied gas treatment devices 40, 41, and 42 that pressurize and heat the liquefied gas stored in the liquefied gas storage tank 10 and supply the liquefied gas to a demand section; a reliquefaction device 37 for reliquefying the boil-off gas compressed by the boil-off gas compressor 30; a second pressure reducing valve 342 provided at the rear end of the reliquefaction device 37 for reducing the pressure or expanding the boil-off gas liquefied by the reliquefaction device 37; a gas combustion device 23 for consuming the boil-off gas; and a forced vaporizer 50 for forcibly vaporizing the liquefied gas stored in the liquefied gas storage tank 10.
Here, the liquefied gas treatment devices 40, 41, and 42 include: a booster pump 40 that pressurizes the liquefied gas stored in the liquefied gas storage tank 10 for the first time; a high-pressure pump 41 that receives the pressurized liquefied gas from the booster pump 40 and pressurizes the liquefied gas for the second time; and a vaporizer 42 that receives the liquefied gas pressurized to a high pressure from the high-pressure pump 41 and vaporizes the liquefied gas, and the boil-off gas compressor 30 is configured by a first boil-off gas compressor (not shown) and a second boil-off gas compressor (not shown) arranged in parallel.
The first parallel driving of the gas processing system 1 based on the internal pressure of the liquefied gas storage tank 10 will be described below.
The first predetermined pressure is an internal pressure of the liquefied Gas storage tank 10 when the amount of Boil-off Gas (BOG) stored in the liquefied Gas storage tank 10 is 75% to 85%, the second predetermined pressure may be greater than the first predetermined pressure and less than 1.12bar, the third predetermined pressure may be less than the first predetermined pressure and greater than 1.06bar, and the fourth predetermined pressure may be less than the third predetermined pressure and greater than 1.03 bar.
First, the first boil-off gas compressor is substantially driven. When the internal pressure of the liquefied gas storage tank 10 is equal to or higher than a first preset pressure, the second boil-off gas compressor is additionally driven, and when the internal pressure of the liquefied gas storage tank 10 is lower than the first preset pressure, the liquefied gas treatment devices 40, 41, and 42 are additionally driven.
the boil-off gas generated in the liquefied gas storage tank 10 can be supplied to the reliquefaction device 37 or the gas combustion device 23 when the internal pressure of the liquefied gas storage tank 10 is equal to or higher than the second preset pressure, and the liquefied gas treatment devices 40, 41, and 42 can be additionally driven when the internal pressure of the liquefied gas storage tank 10 is equal to or higher than the second preset pressure and the required amount of fuel in the demand section 20 is equal to or higher than the preset required amount.
When the internal pressure of the liquefied gas storage tank 10 is lower than the third predetermined pressure, the driving of the first boil-off gas compressor can be stopped, and when the internal pressure of the liquefied gas storage tank 10 is lower than the fourth predetermined pressure, the liquefied gas stored in the liquefied gas storage tank 10 is forcibly vaporized by the forced vaporizer 50, and the forcibly vaporized liquefied gas is returned to the liquefied gas storage tank 10 again, whereby the internal pressure of the liquefied gas storage tank 10 can be increased.
At this time, the embodiment of the present invention may further include: a pressure measuring device (not shown) for measuring the internal pressures of the control unit (not shown) and the liquefied gas storage tank 10; and a required fuel amount measuring device (not shown) for measuring a required fuel amount in the demand section 20, wherein the control section receives information from the pressure measuring device and the required fuel amount measuring device in a wired or wireless manner and controls the liquefied gas processing devices 40, 41, and 42 and the vapor gas compressor 30 in response to a change in the internal pressure of the liquefied gas storage tank 10 from the first preset pressure to the fourth preset pressure.
As described above, in the embodiment of the present invention, the boil-off gas compressor 30 and the liquefied gas treatment devices 40, 41, and 42 are driven in parallel, whereby the demand section 20 can be driven flexibly even without oil supply, and the cost of system components can be reduced.
The gas processing system 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention may include: when the internal pressure of the liquefied gas storage tank 10 is low, the liquefied gas, the evaporated gas, and the oil are treated by parallel driving according to the flow of the internal pressure.
The gas processing system 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention mainly includes: an boil-off gas compressor 30; a reliquefaction device 37; liquefied gas treatment devices 40, 41, 42; a second pressure reducing valve 342; and an oil processing device (not shown) for supplying the oil stored in the oil storage tank (not shown) to the demand section 20.
Next, a second parallel drive of the gas processing system 1 based on the internal pressure of the liquefied gas storage tank 10 will be described.
the boil-off gas compressor 30 is basically driven at the first preset pressure, the reliquefaction device 37 is additionally operated when the amount of boil-off gas generated in the liquefied gas storage tank 10 is larger than the required amount of fuel for the demand portion 20, and the liquefied gas treatment devices 40, 41, 42 and the oil treatment device can be additionally driven when the amount of boil-off gas generated in the liquefied gas storage tank 10 is smaller than the required amount of fuel for the demand portion 20. Preferably, the liquefied gas treatment devices 40, 41, 42 can be operated first, and the oil treatment device can be operated second.
Here, the first predetermined pressure may be an internal pressure of the liquefied gas storage tank 10 when a boil Off gas (BOR) in the liquefied gas storage tank 10 is 75% to 85% or may be 1.06bar to 1.12 bar.
In this case, the control unit in the embodiment of the present invention may receive information from the pressure measuring device and the required fuel amount measuring device by wire or wirelessly and control the liquefied gas processing devices 40, 41, and 42, the evaporated gas compressor 30, and the oil processing device with respect to the change in the internal pressure of the liquefied gas storage tank 10 according to the first preset pressure.
As described above, the embodiment of the present invention has an effect of improving the driving reliability of the system by driving the boil-off gas compressor 30, the liquefied gas treatment devices 40, 41, and 42, and the oil treatment device in parallel to satisfy the stability of the fuel supply of the system.
The gas processing system 1 of the embodiment of the present invention may include a technology of realizing the processing of the liquefied gas and the evaporated gas and the oil by parallel driving according to the flow of the internal pressure when the internal pressure of the liquefied gas storage tank 10 is a high pressure.
The gas treatment system 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention may mainly include a boil-off gas compressor 30 and a reliquefaction device 37 arranged in parallel. Here, the boil-off gas compressor 30 may be provided in parallel, and may include a first boil-off gas compressor (not shown) and a second boil-off gas compressor (not shown).
The control and driving of the gas processing system 1 based on the internal pressure of the liquefied gas storage tank 10 will be described below.
When the internal pressure of the liquefied gas storage tank 10 is equal to or higher than a predetermined pressure, the first boil-off gas compressor is operated to supply the liquefied gas to the demand section 20, and when the amount of boil-off gas generated in the liquefied gas storage tank 10 is larger than the required fuel amount in the demand section 20, the reliquefier 37 may be additionally operated or the second boil-off gas compressor may be additionally operated. Preferably, the supply to the demand section 20 may be performed by preferentially operating the second boil-off gas compressor, thereby increasing the ship speed, and the reliquefaction device 37 may be secondarily operated. At this time, the preset pressure may be 1.11bar to 1.13 bar.
As described above, the embodiment of the present invention has an effect of stabilizing the internal pressure of the liquefied gas storage tank 10 by driving the boil-off gas compressor 30 in parallel and additionally driving the reliquefaction device 37 to efficiently treat the boil-off gas continuously discharged from the liquefied gas storage tank 10.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the specific embodiments thereof, the present invention is not limited thereto, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and improvements can be made within the technical spirit of the present invention
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, but may be modified in various ways.

Claims (7)

1. A marine vessel including a gas treatment system, comprising:
A liquefied gas storage tank for storing liquefied gas;
A pump for supplying the liquefied gas stored in the liquefied gas storage tank to a demand section;
An evaporation gas compressor configured in a plurality of stages for supplying the evaporation gas of the liquefied gas storage tank to the demand section, the evaporation gas compressor including a main compressor and an auxiliary compressor arranged in parallel;
A reliquefaction device receiving a remaining evaporation gas passing through the evaporation gas compressor without being supplied to the demand section from a middle section of the evaporation gas compressor and liquefying the remaining evaporation gas with an additional refrigerant; and
a control part for providing a reminder to the user,
When the internal pressure at which the liquefied gas storage tank is safe is referred to as a normal pressure range, the main compressor is always operated in the normal pressure range,
When the internal pressure reaches a first preset pressure within the normal pressure range, the control part provides a start request prompt of the pump; when the internal pressure reaches a second preset pressure which is greater than the first preset pressure, the control part provides a starting request prompt of the auxiliary compressor; when the internal pressure reaches a third preset pressure that is greater than the second preset pressure, the control unit provides a start-up request prompt for the reliquefaction device.
2. The vessel including a gas treatment system according to claim 1,
When the internal pressure reaches a second preset pressure within the normal pressure range, the control unit provides a start request prompt for the auxiliary compressor and a start/stop request prompt for the pump.
3. The vessel including a gas treatment system according to claim 1,
And when the internal pressure reaches a fourth preset pressure which is greater than a third preset pressure and is in the normal pressure range, the control part provides a reminding for requesting to stop starting and requesting again of the pump.
4. The vessel including a gas treatment system according to claim 1,
Further comprising:
And a gas combustion device that is operated when the internal pressure of the liquefied gas storage tank is within a first dangerous pressure range, when a pressure range in which the internal pressure of the liquefied gas storage tank is higher than the normal pressure range is referred to as the first dangerous pressure range.
5. A vessel comprising a gas treatment system according to claim 4,
Further comprising:
And a bent mast valve which is opened when the internal pressure of the liquefied gas storage tank is within a second dangerous pressure range, when a pressure range in which the internal pressure of the liquefied gas storage tank is higher than the first dangerous pressure range is referred to as the second dangerous pressure range.
6. A vessel comprising a gas treatment system according to claim 5,
further comprising:
And a relief valve that is opened when the internal pressure of the liquefied gas storage tank is within a third dangerous pressure range, when a pressure range in which the internal pressure of the liquefied gas storage tank is higher than the second dangerous pressure range is referred to as the third dangerous pressure range.
7. The vessel including a gas treatment system of claim 1, further comprising:
An oil supply device for supplying oil to the demand portion,
when a pressure range in which the internal pressure of the liquefied gas storage tank is lower than the normal pressure range is referred to as a fourth dangerous pressure range, the demand section does not receive the boil-off gas or the liquefied gas from the boil-off gas compressor and the pump, respectively, but receives the oil from the oil supply device when the internal pressure of the liquefied gas storage tank is within the fourth dangerous pressure range.
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