CN107703373A - Broadband electric field measuring device - Google Patents

Broadband electric field measuring device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107703373A
CN107703373A CN201711091048.8A CN201711091048A CN107703373A CN 107703373 A CN107703373 A CN 107703373A CN 201711091048 A CN201711091048 A CN 201711091048A CN 107703373 A CN107703373 A CN 107703373A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
electric field
optical signal
induction electrode
shielding shell
modulated optical
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN201711091048.8A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
刘刚
蔡汉生
贾磊
胡上茂
施健
冯宾
张义
廖民传
胡泰山
屈路
李瑞显
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
China South Power Grid International Co ltd
Original Assignee
China South Power Grid International Co ltd
Power Grid Technology Research Center of China Southern Power Grid Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by China South Power Grid International Co ltd, Power Grid Technology Research Center of China Southern Power Grid Co Ltd filed Critical China South Power Grid International Co ltd
Priority to CN201711091048.8A priority Critical patent/CN107703373A/en
Publication of CN107703373A publication Critical patent/CN107703373A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R29/00Arrangements for measuring or indicating electric quantities not covered by groups G01R19/00 - G01R27/00
    • G01R29/08Measuring electromagnetic field characteristics
    • G01R29/0807Measuring electromagnetic field characteristics characterised by the application
    • G01R29/0814Field measurements related to measuring influence on or from apparatus, components or humans, e.g. in ESD, EMI, EMC, EMP testing, measuring radiation leakage; detecting presence of micro- or radiowave emitters; dosimetry; testing shielding; measurements related to lightning
    • G01R29/0842Measurements related to lightning, e.g. measuring electric disturbances, warning systems
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R29/00Arrangements for measuring or indicating electric quantities not covered by groups G01R19/00 - G01R27/00
    • G01R29/08Measuring electromagnetic field characteristics
    • G01R29/0864Measuring electromagnetic field characteristics characterised by constructional or functional features
    • G01R29/0871Complete apparatus or systems; circuits, e.g. receivers or amplifiers
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R29/00Arrangements for measuring or indicating electric quantities not covered by groups G01R19/00 - G01R27/00
    • G01R29/08Measuring electromagnetic field characteristics
    • G01R29/0864Measuring electromagnetic field characteristics characterised by constructional or functional features
    • G01R29/0878Sensors; antennas; probes; detectors
    • G01R29/0885Sensors; antennas; probes; detectors using optical probes, e.g. electro-optical, luminescent, glow discharge, or optical interferometers

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Measuring Instrument Details And Bridges, And Automatic Balancing Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The application provides a wide band electric field measuring device relates to electric field measurement technical field, can measure the quasi-static electric field component of low frequency and the high frequency radiation electric field component of wide band thunder electric field. The device includes: the device comprises an induction electrode, a shielding shell, a secondary voltage division capacitor and a voltage sensor, wherein the shielding shell is grounded, and the shielding shell is connected with the induction electrode through an insulating material; the secondary voltage division capacitor and the voltage sensor are arranged in the shielding shell; the induction electrode is connected with the high-voltage end of the secondary voltage-dividing capacitor; the secondary voltage-dividing capacitor is connected with the voltage sensor in parallel.

Description

A kind of device of wideband electric field measurement
Technical field
The application is related to technical field of electric field measurement, more particularly to a kind of device of wideband electric field measurement.
Background technology
Thunder and lightning is one of ten the Nature disasters that the United Nations announces.Lightning discharge is to railway traffic, ultra-high-tension power transmission line etc. Facility has very strong interference, destruction.In order to preferably predict thunder and lightning, the physical effect of thunder and lightning need to accordingly be ground Study carefully.Wherein, measure lightning discharge caused by electric field waveform be research understanding lightning discharge physical effect most basic means it One.
At present, lightning discharge electric field is measured mainly using fast, the slow electric field change instrument.Wherein, fast electric field change instrument and slow electricity The operation principle of field change instrument is essentially the same, and by taking fast electric field change instrument as an example, fast electric field change instrument mainly includes two units:Sense Answer antenna and integrating circuit.Wherein, integrating circuit includes resistance 1, resistance 2 1042, electric capacity 1043 and operational amplifier 1044。
It is the operation principle of fast electric field change instrument as shown in Figure 1:(1) due to when environment of electric field changes, metal sense The quantity of electric charge for answering electrode 101 to be sensed changes, and therefore, is changed by measuring the quantity of electric charge on metal induction electrode 101, can To be finally inversed by the change of airspace electric field.(2) metal induction electrode 101 phase of the integrating circuit through signal cable 103 with leading portion Connection, so as to carry out integration amplification, and final output integral voltage to the induced-current of metal induction electrode 101.
Generally, fast electric field change instrument is used for the radiation field for measuring lightning, wherein, the integration time constant of integrating circuit 2ms is usually arranged as, the frequency bandwidth of fast electric field change instrument measurement is 100Hz to 3.8MHz.The slow electric field change instrument is used to measure Quasi-static electric field component in lightning, wherein, the integration time constant of integrating circuit is usually arranged as 6s, and the slow electric field change instrument is surveyed The frequency bandwidth of amount is 1Hz to 3.2MHz.
Lightning electric field bandwidth range still, is limited up to MHz magnitudes by integrating circuit bandwidth, it is necessary to respectively using one it is fast, Slow flash electric field changes instrument, while the thunder and lightning field of wideband is measured, and could capture the quasi-static field point of lightning electric field simultaneously Amount and radiation field, in addition, even if above-mentioned fast, the slow electric field change instrument is used simultaneously, fast, the slow electric field change instrument works simultaneously when The bandwidth that can be measured is still less than 5MHz.
Therefore, above-mentioned traditional fast, slow flash electric field change instrument can not fully meet the wideband of near region lightning discharge electric field Measurement request, lead to not provide effective thunder And Lightning Preventive Measures according to measurement data.
The content of the invention
The application provides a kind of device of wideband electric field measurement, can be to the low frequency quasi-static electric field component of wideband thunder and lightning field Measured with high frequency radiation electric field component, so as to provide effective thunder And Lightning Preventive Measures according to measurement data.
To reach above-mentioned purpose, the device of the application includes:Induction electrode, shielding shell, second divided voltage electric capacity, voltage pass Sensor;
The shielding earthing of casing, it is connected between the shielding shell and the induction electrode by insulating materials;
The second divided voltage electric capacity and the voltage sensor are arranged on the inside of the shielding shell;
The induction electrode is connected with the high-pressure side of the second divided voltage electric capacity;
The second divided voltage electric capacity is in parallel with the voltage sensor.
With in the prior art, being limited by integrating circuit bandwidth, Measurement bandwidth is smaller, can not meet the measurement of wideband thunder and lightning field It is required that comparing, the device for the wideband electric field measurement that the application provides, the earthing of casing is shielded, shields and leads between shell and induction electrode Cross insulating materials to be connected, second divided voltage electric capacity and voltage sensor are arranged on the inside for shielding shell;Induction electrode and secondary The high-pressure side of derided capacitors is connected;Second divided voltage electric capacity is in parallel with voltage sensor, i.e., in this application, passes through second divided voltage Electric capacity and voltage sensor composition circuit come measure induction electrode sensing wideband electric field, avoid and measured using integrating circuit The problem of Measurement bandwidth caused by wideband electric field is limited, the wideband measurement demand of thunder and lightning field can be met, and can utilize and survey Amount data are analyzed atmospheric electrical phenomena, and then provide effective lightning protected measure.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the circuit of traditional measurement thunder and lightning field;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the device for the wideband electric field measurement that the embodiment of the present application provides;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation for the electro-optical sensor that the embodiment of the present application provides.
Description of reference numerals:
101- metal induction electrodes;102- ground capacities;
103- signal cables;104- integrating circuit;
1041- resistance one;1042- resistance two;
1043- electric capacity;1044- operational amplifiers;
201- induction electrodes;202- shields shell;
203- second divided voltage electric capacity;204- voltage sensors;
2041- lasing light emitters;2042- electro-optical sensors;
2043- demodulator circuits;205- drying tubes;
206- is grounded pillar;207- high-speed collection cards;
208- computers;
The 301- polarizers;302- bismuth-germanium-oxide crystals;
303- phase delay slides;304- analyzers;
305- collimaters.
Embodiment
The device measured below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the wideband electric field that the embodiment of the present application provides is described in detail.
In addition, the term " comprising " and " having " being previously mentioned in the description of the present application and their any deformation, it is intended that It is to cover non-exclusive include.Such as process, method, system, product or the equipment for containing series of steps or unit do not have The step of being defined in the step of having listed or unit, but not listed including other also alternatively or unit, or alternatively Also include for the intrinsic other steps of these processes, method, product or equipment or unit.
It should be noted that in the embodiment of the present application, " exemplary " or " such as " etc. word make example, example for expression Card or explanation.Be described as in the embodiment of the present application " exemplary " or " such as " any embodiment or design should It is interpreted than other embodiments or design more preferably or more advantage.Specifically, " exemplary " or " example are used Such as " word is intended to that related notion is presented in a concrete fashion.
In the description of the present application, unless otherwise indicated, the implication of " multiple " refers to two or more.
In order to solve that the wideband measurement demand of thunder and lightning field can not be met in the prior art, lead to not be carried according to measurement data For effective thunder And Lightning Preventive Measures, the embodiment of the present application provides a kind of device of wideband electric field measurement, as shown in Fig. 2 the device Including:Induction electrode 201, shielding shell 202, second divided voltage electric capacity 203, voltage sensor 204.
Wherein, shielding shell 202 is grounded, and is shielded and is connected between shell 202 and induction electrode 201 by insulating materials, Second divided voltage electric capacity 203 and voltage sensor 204 are arranged on the inside of shielding shell 202.As a kind of possible implementation, The isolation connection of epoxy insulation material can be used by shielding between shell 202 and induction electrode 201.
Induction electrode 201 is connected with the high-pressure side of second divided voltage electric capacity 203, second divided voltage electric capacity 203 and voltage sensor Device 204 is in parallel.
Wherein, induction electrode 201, for sensing wideband thunder and lightning field signal;Second divided voltage electric capacity 203 and voltage sensor The circuit of 204 compositions, the optical signal that the thunder and lightning field signal control lasing light emitter 2041 for being sensed using induction electrode 201 is exported, So as to which the optical signal modulation for exporting lasing light emitter 2041 is modulated optical signal, then modulated optical signal is transmitted to long-range solution Circuit 2043 is adjusted, modulated optical signal is demodulated into thunder and lightning field signal by demodulator circuit 2043, the thunder and lightning field signal is via radio frequency Cable transmission to high-speed collection card 207, high-speed collection card 207 is digitized to the thunder and lightning field signal of acquisition, obtains thunder and lightning field Data signal corresponding to signal, then, pass through the interface between high-speed collection card 207 and computer 208, high-speed collection card 207 By thunder and lightning field digital data transmission to computer 208, to cause administrative staff by computer 208 to corresponding to wideband thunder and lightning field Data signal is analyzed.
Alternatively, induction electrode 201 can be dome electrode.For example, using the dome electrode of red copper material, and directly Footpath is 10cm to 15cm.
It should be noted that with the prior art, induction electrode use the more significant tapered shape of point effect electricity Pole is compared, and the contact area between dome electrode and thunder and lightning field is larger, it is not easy to point effect is produced, and then, avoid strong Thunder and lightning field produces corona discharge phenomenon at electrode, also implies that, can mitigate corona discharge electric field to that actually need to measure The interference of thunder and lightning field, improve the accuracy of measurement of thunder and lightning field.
Alternatively, second divided voltage electric capacity 203 is 0.1 μ F magnitudes.
In the embodiment of the present application, voltage sensor 204 includes:Lasing light emitter 2041, electro-optical sensor 2042 and demodulation electricity Road 2043.Wherein, the structure of electro-optical sensor 2042 is as shown in figure 3, electro-optical sensor 2042 includes the polarizer 301, bismuth germanium oxide Crystal 302, phase delay slide 303, analyzer 304, collimater 305.
As a kind of possible implementation, lasing light emitter 2041 is located at management end, and the optical signal that lasing light emitter 2041 exports leads to Multimode fibre is crossed to transmit to the polarizer 301.
Afterwards, the optical signals polarizer 301 that lasing light emitter 2041 exports passes, and sequentially passes through bismuth-germanium-oxide crystal 302, phase Position delay slide 303, analyzer 304, analyzer 304 export modulated optical signal, then, by collimater 305 by modulated light Signal is coupled to multimode fibre, and modulated optical signal is transmitted to the demodulator circuit 2043 of management end via multimode fibre.So as to take Modulated optical signal with thunder and lightning field signal is transmitted to long-range management end, so as to administrative staff couple by the induction end of thunder and lightning field Measurement result is observed, analyzed.
Alternatively, the lasing light emitter 2041 of management end uses wavelength as 850nm, and the F-P wavelength with temperature control link Locked laser diode, and the extinction ratio of lasing light emitter 2041 is 30dB, to ensure that modulated optical signal is reaching demodulator circuit After 2043, demodulator circuit 2043 can more delicately handle modulated optical signal.
Preferably, bismuth-germanium-oxide crystal 302 uses longitudinal modulation, and thunder and lightning field signal modulation lasing light emitter 2041 is utilized to be lifted Sensitivity.
Alternatively, phase delay slide 303 is that zero order phase postpones slide, to obtain broader frequency band, mitigates electric light and passes The sensitivity that sensor 2042 changes to temperature and the wavelength of optical signal of lasing light emitter 2041.
Alternatively, the operating distance of collimater 305 is 5.7cm.
In the embodiment of the present application, the demodulator circuit 2043 of management end includes optical compensator, the silicon detector being sequentially connected With two-stage amplifying circuit, optical compensator, the modulated optical signal of multimode fibre transmission is received, detects the strong of modulated optical signal Degree, and the intensity based on modulated optical signal, the light signal strength that regulation lasing light emitter 2041 exports, silicon detector, for demodulating Modulated optical signal, to obtain thunder and lightning field signal, two-stage amplifying circuit, for being amplified to the thunder and lightning field signal after demodulation, So that follow-up process uses.
Specifically, in the embodiment of the present application, during modulated optical signal transmits, due to multimode fibre shake etc. Factor, the intensity of modulated optical signal can decay, in order to ensure that silicon detector can enter to modulated optical signal exactly Row demodulation, need to ensure the intensity of modulated optical signal transmitted to silicon detector.Based on this, in the embodiment of the present application, light is mended Device is repaid to detect the intensity of the modulated optical signal of reception, if the intensity of modulated optical signal is less than intensity threshold, Optical compensator adjusts the driving current of lasing light emitter 2041, so as to increase the intensity of the optical signal of the output of lasing light emitter 2041, with compensation The decay of modulated optical signal.Wherein, intensity threshold can be limited not to this here according to actual use situation setting System.
In addition, with the prior art, charging current caused by metal induction electrode 201, being transmitted through signal cable 103 to product Parallel circuit 104, cause charging current easily to be disturbed by thunderstorm etc., influence measurement accuracy and compare, in the embodiment of the present application, utilize hemisphere Optical signal caused by the wideband thunder and lightning field signal control lasing light emitter 2041 that shape induction electrode 201 senses, produces modulated optical signal, So as to transmit modulated optical signal by multimode fibre, reduce the interference to modulated optical signal such as thunderstorm, and then can carry Rise the precision of measurement wideband electric field.
In the above-mentioned methods, alternatively, the operation wavelength of silicon detector is 850nm.
As a kind of possible implementation, in the embodiment of the present application, induction electrode 201 and shielding shell 202 are adopted Sealed with waterproof material, also, shield shell 202 and be connected with drying tube 205, to ensure that the inside of shielding shell 202 is in drying Environment.Alternatively, drying tube 205 is placed in the outside of shielding shell 202, for indicating the humidity inside shielding shell 202, so as to The drying tube 205 that administrative staff more renew according to indicated result.
The bottom for shielding shell 202 is connected with ground connection pillar 206, and ground connection pillar 206 is fixed on ground or roof so that Height of the shell 202 apart from ground is shielded to adjust in the range of 0.5-1m.
With in the prior art, being limited by integrating circuit bandwidth, Measurement bandwidth is smaller, measurement data can not be utilized to provide effective Lightning protected measure compare, the device for the wideband electric field measurement that the application provides, first, the earthing of casing will be shielded, shielding is outer It is connected between shell and induction electrode by insulating materials, and second divided voltage electric capacity and voltage sensor is arranged on shielding shell Inside, induction electrode is connected with the high-pressure side of second divided voltage electric capacity, and second divided voltage electric capacity is in parallel with voltage sensor, that is, exists In the application, the wideband electric field that induction electrode senses is measured by the circuit of second divided voltage electric capacity and voltage sensor composition, The problem of using the Measurement bandwidth caused by integrating circuit measurement wideband electric field limited is avoided, so as to measure wideband simultaneously Low frequency quasi-static electric field component and high frequency radiation electric field component in thunder and lightning field, and measurement data analysis thunder and lightning field can be utilized, And then provide effective lightning protected measure.
The method measured by test, the wideband electric field provided using the embodiment of the present application, it is ensured that optical signal power Decay change in the range of ± 3%, and the distance that optical signal transmits in multimode fibre is not less than 200m.
In addition, in the embodiment of the present application, the frequency band range of measurement can reach 3Hz to 30MHz.
Described above, the only embodiment of the application, but the protection domain of the application is not limited thereto is any Change or replacement in the technical scope that the application discloses, should all cover within the protection domain of the application.Therefore, this Shen Protection domain please should be defined by scope of the claims.

Claims (4)

1. a kind of device of wideband electric field measurement, it is characterised in that described device includes:Induction electrode, shielding shell, secondary point Voltage capacitance, voltage sensor, the shielding earthing of casing, pass through insulating materials between the shielding shell and the induction electrode It is connected;
The second divided voltage electric capacity and the voltage sensor are arranged on the inside of the shielding shell;
The induction electrode is connected with the high-pressure side of the second divided voltage electric capacity;
The second divided voltage electric capacity is in parallel with the voltage sensor.
2. the device of wideband electric field measurement according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the induction electrode is hemispherical electricity Pole.
3. the device of wideband electric field measurement according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the voltage sensor includes:Swash Light source, electro-optical sensor, multimode fibre and demodulator circuit;
The electro-optical sensor includes the polarizer, bismuth-germanium-oxide crystal, phase delay slide, analyzer, collimater, the lasing light emitter The optical signal of output sequentially passes through the polarizer, bismuth-germanium-oxide crystal, phase delay slide, analyzer, and the analyzer is used for Modulated optical signal is exported, the modulated optical signal is coupled to the multimode fibre by collimater, and the bismuth germanium oxide is using vertical To modulation;
The multimode fibre, for the modulated optical signal to be transmitted to the demodulator circuit;
The demodulator circuit includes optical compensator, silicon detector and the two-stage amplifying circuit being sequentially connected, and the optical compensator, uses In the modulated optical signal for receiving multimode fibre transmission, detect the intensity of the modulated optical signal, and based on it is described The intensity of modulated optical signal, adjust the light signal strength of the lasing light emitter output.
4. the device of wideband electric field measurement according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the induction electrode and the shielding Shell is sealed using waterproof material.
CN201711091048.8A 2017-11-08 2017-11-08 Broadband electric field measuring device Pending CN107703373A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201711091048.8A CN107703373A (en) 2017-11-08 2017-11-08 Broadband electric field measuring device

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112415290A (en) * 2020-10-21 2021-02-26 西安理工大学 GIS panoramic charge measurement system based on Fabry-Perot cavity optical measurement
CN113945766A (en) * 2021-09-23 2022-01-18 西安交通大学 Electromagnetic compatibility testing method for transformer embedded sensor

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112415290A (en) * 2020-10-21 2021-02-26 西安理工大学 GIS panoramic charge measurement system based on Fabry-Perot cavity optical measurement
CN112415290B (en) * 2020-10-21 2022-09-30 西安理工大学 GIS panoramic charge measurement system based on Fabry-Perot cavity optical measurement
CN113945766A (en) * 2021-09-23 2022-01-18 西安交通大学 Electromagnetic compatibility testing method for transformer embedded sensor
CN113945766B (en) * 2021-09-23 2022-07-12 西安交通大学 Electromagnetic compatibility testing method for transformer embedded sensor

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