CN107701188B - One kind cutting top destressing method for the mined out side static state spalling of gob side entry driving thin coal pillar - Google Patents
One kind cutting top destressing method for the mined out side static state spalling of gob side entry driving thin coal pillar Download PDFInfo
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- CN107701188B CN107701188B CN201711005252.3A CN201711005252A CN107701188B CN 107701188 B CN107701188 B CN 107701188B CN 201711005252 A CN201711005252 A CN 201711005252A CN 107701188 B CN107701188 B CN 107701188B
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- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 title abstract description 7
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 92
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000007569 slipcasting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
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- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 claims description 8
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- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 claims 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C41/00—Methods of underground or surface mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/16—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/18—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor for brown or hard coal
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Abstract
One kind cutting top pressure relief method for the mined out side static state spalling of gob side entry driving thin coal pillar, and the method is determining bore position and drilling relevant parameter spacing, diameter, angle and depth first；Followed by drilling construction, and carry out sealing of hole operation；Static expension-spalling agent slurries slip casting is carried out again, and top release is cut in static spalling, is finally gob side entry driving.The present invention realizes upper curtate working face extraction and carries out simultaneously with lower curtate return airway driving, it effectively alleviates coal mine excavation and is connected nervous problem, after lane escribes top release, gob side entry driving surrouding rock stress environment is greatly improved, during pick lane and tunnel forms rear surrouding rock deformation and greatly reduces, and roadway support project amount is small, repair rate is low.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to one kind to cut top pressure relief method for the mined out side static state spalling of gob side entry driving thin coal pillar, especially a kind of
Advanced upper curtate working face, close to thin coal pillar side, along top plate, axially arrangement drills and injects static state in upper curtate return airway
Expension-spalling agent destroys mined out this top-hung of side group arm configuration, country rock when lower curtate return airway gob side entry driving can be effectively relieved
The method that stress is concentrated and surrouding rock deformation control difficulty is big.
Background technique
Gob side entry driving is one of my stope of coal mines roadway layout and technology of maintenance, i.e., works face goaf side along upper curtate
Edge, which stays, sets 3 ~ 10m thin coal pillar driving lower curtate return airway, stays and sets thin coal pillar with raising coal recovery rate and isolation
The advantages that goaf gas and toxic and harmful gas.Traditional gob side entry driving, the upper curtates working face extraction such as need are completed 4 ~ 6 months
More than, after waiting overlying strata motion stabilization, then along mined out area edge driving lower curtate return airway, in such cases, upper curtate
The cantilever design of the mined out side base object model of working face will cause that driuing along goaf tunnel-surrounding surrouding rock stress is larger, and tunnel is in the length of service
The problems such as interior rock deformation is big, supporting difficulty is big.
As China widelys popularize " well one side, high-yield and high-efficiency " mine, traditional gob side entry driving mode certainly will be will cause
The anxiety of excavation replacement, when coal mine excavation linking is relatively nervous, under need to being carried out at once after the completion of upper curtate working face extraction
The driving of section return airway, or while upper curtate working face extraction carry out lower curtate return airway driving,
I.e. lower curtate return airway tunnels under the influence of upper curtate working face extraction dynamic pressure, due to by operated adjacent face goaf base
This top is broken the revolution of rear overhang arm configuration, deformation of sinking influences, and gob side entry country rock is in high-stress state and deformation acutely, tunnel
It is difficult in maintenance.
The problem serious for above-mentioned gob side entry driving surrouding rock deformation, control difficulty is big, by conventional anchor anchor cable to tunnel
Strengthening supporting can not effective deformation controlling for rock surrounding gateways, the mechanics cut off between goaf base object model cantilever rock beam and gob side entry top plate joins
System could concentrate from the basic gob side entry surrouding rock stress that reduces, to improve the stability of gob side entry country rock.
Application No. is 201210261392.8 " the fender gob side entry driving lane influenced by dynamic pressure escribe top release side
Method ", application No. is 201310167156.4 " a kind of future small coal pillar gob side entry driving surrounding rock control methods ", and both the above patent is equal
It can be realized the support pressure for reducing gob side entry and thin coal pillar and reduce the purpose of gob side entry surrouding rock deformation, but the prior art
Shortcoming are as follows: 1. above two method is all made of explosive firepower explosion, and firepower explosion risk is big, needs to formulate special project and applies
Work technical measures, and it has stringent technical requirements in the use of highly gassy mine；It is advanced to work 2. roof conditions are good
Face carries out cutting top explosion, does not take top plate strengthening supporting measure, if advanced explosive distance and the selection of explosion opportunity are improper,
It may cause tunnel inner top panel and cut in advance and fall, cause roof control difficulty big；When top plate is more broken, borehole enter goaf into
Row explosion, goaf gas concentration is big, and especially upper corner is easier that gas exceeding limit accident occurs, if there is blown-out shot, processing
Difficulty is big, is retained in goaf, it will brings very big hidden danger to the safety in production of mine.
Application No. is 200910073961.4 " a kind of control caving protect from lane method ", useization is also referred in the patent
The big thickness solid rock on the outstanding top in swelling agent expension-spalling agent fracturing goaf is learned, but does not provide corresponding hole arrangement parameters and Specific construction
Process flow.
In conclusion the prior art mainly uses firepower blasting method to cut off goaf base object model cantilever design and along sky
The connection of back, and the production of fiery offerings and have stringent limitation using country, in highly gassy mine using can then deposit
In security risk and there are many restrictions；Though referring to using chemically expansible agent, corresponding hole arrangement parameters and Specific construction are not provided
Process flow, thus propose that a set of cut for the mined out side static state spalling of gob side entry driving thin coal pillar pushes up pressure relief method and Specific construction work
Skill process has important theory and practice significance to thin coal pillar gob side entry driving Surrounding Rock Control Theory is improved.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art described above, the present invention provides a kind of for the mined out side of gob side entry driving thin coal pillar
Top pressure relief method is cut in static spalling.
To achieve the goals above, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that.
One kind cutting top pressure relief method for the mined out side static state spalling of gob side entry driving thin coal pillar, and the method is to follow these steps
It carries out:
(1) determination of bore position and drilling relevant parameter (spacing, diameter, angle, depth)
Bore position: outside advanced upper curtate working face 20 ~ 30m(ahead work face supporting section), it is suitable in upper curtate working face
Close to thin coal pillar side along top plate axially arrangement several groups drilling in slot.
The spacing of wells: the Fractured zone radius that static expension-spalling agent generates in drilling country rock is pressed
Formula calculates, in formula:--- rock uniaxiality strength, MPa；--- expension-spalling agent changes over time the turgor pressure of generation
Power, the reasonable spacing to drill when thus carrying out side cut top to the mined out side top plate of thin coal pillar with static expension-spalling agent to determine is 2a.
Bore diameter: it is chosen by 70 ~ 90mm.
Bore angle: with back horizontal direction angle by 70 ° ~ 90 ° selections.
Drilling depth: being calculated by formula L=KH/sin θ, in formula: H is drilling vertical depth, and θ is bore angle, and K is rich system
Number, takes 1.1 ~ 1.3；The vertical depth that drills presses H=h1+h2It determines, h1For immediate roof thickness, h2Base object model thickness.
(2) drilling construction
Outside upper curtate return airway advance support section, helped as close as possible to thin coal pillar, by identified brill in step (1)
Hole relevant parameter drills obliquely towards upper curtate working face direction, determines drilling construction speed according to working face extraction progress, if
Dry drilling is one group, and drilling can be divided into powder charge drilling and pilot hole, and powder charge, which drills, carries out powder charge, pilot hole not powder charge,
The presence of pilot hole changes the stress distribution of powder charge drilled edge, so that crack is expanded in powder charge drilling line direction
Exhibition, perforation.
(3) sealing of hole and powder charge
After the completion of drilling construction, powder charge drilling and sealing and powder charge are carried out, is injected static expension-spalling agent using the method for slip casting
In coal and rock.
Down tube and the work of first sealing of hole are carried out first, and Grouting Pipe, cement slurry return pipe, static expension-spalling agent return pipe are sent into
In drilling, and each nozzle is fixed at drilling orifice by thin wire.First sealing material selection waterglass-cement mixes object,
Three root canals and drilling orifice are sealed by waterglass-cement admixture；After waterglass and cement mixing, become waterglass-
The main chemical reactions equation of cement dual slurry, waterglass and cement are as follows: 3Ca (OH)2+NaO·nSi02+mH20=Ca·
nSi02·mH2The reaction speed of 0+2NaOH, waterglass and cement is faster than hydrated reaction of cement, and it is opposite that intensity is generated after reaction
Higher calcium silicates has very high bearing capacity after hardened, 10min ~ 20min forms intensity, thus the mixed liquor has solidification
The feature that speed is fast, setting strength is high.Drilling on duty is carried out every hole by first sealing of hole operation using this method.
Secondly the work of cement grout secondary hole sealing is carried out, a check valve is installed additional in Grouting Pipe nozzle, by pneumatic type biliquid
Grouting pump carries out cement grout slip casting after connecting with check valve, until stopping injection cement slurry when cement slurry return pipe nozzle overfall
Liquid.And so on, drilling on duty is subjected to secondary hole sealing operation every hole, cement grout is in 1 ~ 3h initial set, in 4 ~ 6h final set and shape
At intensity.
Static expension-spalling agent slurries slip casting work is finally carried out, continuation on duty in second day is marched forward along upper curtate return airway
Row down tube and sealing of hole work, while static expension-spalling agent slip casting is carried out to the drilling after the previous day sealing of hole and (guarantees that cement grout is abundant
Condensation, while drilling superficial part crack can be closed)；Static expension-spalling agent is by CaO, MgO, SiO2、Al2O3And Fe2O3Composition, wherein
90% or more is CaO, and static expension-spalling agent and water are infused pneumatic type biliquid after grouting pump stirs ladle mixing using 7:3 ratio
Stock pump carries out static expension-spalling agent slurries slip casting after connecting with check valve, until stopping note when static expension-spalling agent return pipe nozzle overfall
Enter static expension-spalling agent slurries, and so on, the drilling after the previous day sealing of hole is injected into static expension-spalling agent slurries every hole.
(4) top release is cut in static spalling
After static expension-spalling agent slurries injection powder charge drilling, with the growth of time, gradually react simultaneously dilatancy,
Under the guiding role of pilot hole, occur running through crack between adjacent two hole, in the mined out side of upper curtate working face and section thin coal pillar
On cover and form structure plane of weakness between base object model rock stratum, after upper curtate working face extraction, mined out this top-hung of side group arm configuration is in mine
It is caving well under the action of pressure.
(5) gob side entry tunnels
If back production finishes upper curtate working face, cuts top work and completed, then it is suitable to carry out immediately lower curtate working face
The headwork of slot, since mined out this top-hung of side group arm configuration has been destroyed, during lower curtate return airway gob side entry driving,
Suffered upper curtate working face base object model cantilever design influences smaller, roadway surrounding rock control difficulty reduction, and supporting is relatively easy.
If Linking up digging work is relatively nervous, can be in the same of the mined out lateral incision top release of upper curtate working face thin coal pillar
When, the headwork of lower curtate return airway is carried out, for meeting Ileal neobladder driuing along goaf period, is returned by upper curtate working face
The dramatic impact that space overlying rock is adopted after adopting, in front of working face and rear certain distance generates unstable support pressure
Stress concentratedarea domain need to stop in upper curtate working face mining influence intense regions along empty lane for the difficulty for reducing roadway maintenance
The driving in road only carries out upper curtate working face extraction and cuts top release work, is more than this section of region to upper curtate working face extraction
Carry out the multiple pick work of gob side entry again afterwards.Due to avoiding upper curtate working face mining influence intense regions, and lower curtate work
During making face crossheading gob side entry driving, mined out this top-hung of side group arm configuration has been destroyed, suffered upper curtate working face extraction dynamic pressure
Smaller, roadway surrounding rock control difficulty reduction is influenced, supporting is relatively easy.
Above-mentioned one kind cuts top pressure relief method for the mined out side static state spalling of gob side entry driving thin coal pillar, compared with prior art,
The beneficial effect is that:
Gunpowder explosion is instantaneously to carry out, and the static expension-spalling agent reaction time is easy to control, can be according to face roof rock stratum
Property and field condition, downhole temperature, face propulsion speed carry out comprehensive selection static state expension-spalling agent type and (divide Quick-type and at a slow speed
Type), i.e., it will not react too fast because of static expension-spalling agent and influence back control, it will not be because of the static state that do not react completely
Expension-spalling agent powder charge brings security risk after drilling into goaf, realizes essential safety；It is cut off well by cutting top operation
The mechanical correlation that base object model rock stratum is covered on section thin coal pillar and upper curtate working face mined out side essentially eliminates upper curtate work
Base object model rotary deformation is covered on the mined out side in face on the dynamic pressure influence of section thin coal pillar and gob side entry, it can be achieved that upper curtate working face
Back production carries out simultaneously with lower curtate return airway driving, and coal mine excavation has been effectively relieved and has been connected nervous problem；Lane escribes top and unloads
After pressure, gob side entry driving surrouding rock stress environment is greatly improved, and during pick lane and tunnel forms rear surrouding rock deformation and subtracts significantly
Small, roadway support project amount is small, repair rate is low.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the plan view that top destressing method is cut in the mined out side static state spalling of gob side entry driving thin coal pillar of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is I-I cross-sectional view in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is II-II cross-sectional view in Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is schematic diagram after powder charge drilling (8) down tube and waterglass-cementing.
Fig. 5 is schematic diagram after powder charge drilling (8) injection cement grout sealing of hole.
Fig. 6 is that schematic diagram after static expension-spalling agent slurries is injected in powder charge drilling (8).
In figure: 1: upper curtate working face；2: upper curtate working face haulage gate；3: upper curtate working face air return way；4:
Goaf；5: section thin coal pillar；6: lower curtate working face haulage gate；7: lower curtate working face；8: powder charge drilling；9: orientation drill
Hole；10: directly pushing up；11: base object model；12: check valve；13: Grouting Pipe；14: static expension-spalling agent return pipe；15: cement slurry overfall
Pipe；16: waterglass-cementing mud；17: cement grout；18: static expension-spalling agent slurries.
Specific embodiment
Specific embodiments of the present invention are made further instructions below with reference to Fig. 1 ~ Fig. 6.
Implement the above-mentioned provided one kind of the present invention and cuts top release side for the mined out side static state spalling of gob side entry driving thin coal pillar
Method follows these steps to carry out:
(1) determination of bore position and drilling relevant parameter (spacing, diameter, angle, depth)
Bore position: outside advanced upper curtate working face 20 ~ 30m(ahead work face supporting section), it is suitable in upper curtate working face
Close to thin coal pillar side along top plate axially arrangement several groups drilling in slot.
The spacing of wells: the Fractured zone radius that static expension-spalling agent generates in drilling country rock is pressed
Formula calculates, in formula:--- rock uniaxiality strength, MPa；--- expension-spalling agent changes over time the turgor pressure of generation
Power, the reasonable spacing to drill when thus carrying out side cut top to the mined out side top plate of thin coal pillar with static expension-spalling agent to determine is 2a.
Bore diameter: it is chosen by 70 ~ 90mm.
Bore angle: with back horizontal direction angle by 70 ° ~ 90 ° selections.
Drilling depth: being calculated by formula L=KH/sin θ, in formula: H is drilling vertical depth, and θ is bore angle, and K is rich system
Number, takes 1.1 ~ 1.3；The vertical depth that drills presses H=h1+h2It determines, h1For immediate roof thickness, h2Base object model thickness.
(2) drilling construction
Outside upper curtate return airway advance support section, helped as close as possible to thin coal pillar, by identified brill in step (1)
Hole relevant parameter drills obliquely towards upper curtate working face direction, determines drilling construction speed according to working face extraction progress, if
Dry drilling is one group, and drilling can be divided into powder charge drilling and pilot hole, and powder charge, which drills, carries out powder charge, pilot hole not powder charge,
The presence of pilot hole changes the stress distribution of powder charge drilled edge, so that crack is expanded in powder charge drilling line direction
Exhibition, perforation.
(3) sealing of hole and powder charge
After the completion of drilling construction, powder charge drilling and sealing and powder charge are carried out, is injected static expension-spalling agent using the method for slip casting
In coal and rock.
Down tube and the work of first sealing of hole are carried out first, and Grouting Pipe, cement slurry return pipe, static expension-spalling agent return pipe are sent into
In drilling, and each nozzle is fixed at drilling orifice by thin wire.First sealing material selection waterglass-cement mixes object,
Three root canals and drilling orifice are sealed by waterglass-cement admixture；After waterglass and cement mixing, become waterglass-
The main chemical reactions equation of cement dual slurry, waterglass and cement are as follows: 3Ca (OH)2+NaO·nSi02+mH20=Ca·
nSi02·mH2The reaction speed of 0+2NaOH, waterglass and cement is faster than hydrated reaction of cement, and it is opposite that intensity is generated after reaction
Higher calcium silicates has very high bearing capacity after hardened, 10min ~ 20min forms intensity, thus the mixed liquor has solidification
The feature that speed is fast, setting strength is high.Drilling on duty is carried out every hole by first sealing of hole operation using this method.
Secondly the work of cement grout secondary hole sealing is carried out, a check valve is installed additional in Grouting Pipe nozzle, by pneumatic type biliquid
Grouting pump carries out cement grout slip casting after connecting with check valve, until stopping injection cement slurry when cement slurry return pipe nozzle overfall
Liquid.And so on, drilling on duty is subjected to secondary hole sealing operation every hole, cement grout is in 1 ~ 3h initial set, in 4 ~ 6h final set and shape
At intensity.
Static expension-spalling agent slurries slip casting work is finally carried out, continuation on duty in second day is marched forward along upper curtate return airway
Row down tube and sealing of hole work, while static expension-spalling agent slip casting is carried out to the drilling after the previous day sealing of hole and (guarantees that cement grout is abundant
Condensation, while drilling superficial part crack can be closed)；Static expension-spalling agent is by CaO, MgO, SiO2、Al2O3And Fe2O3Composition, wherein
90% or more is CaO, and static expension-spalling agent and water are infused pneumatic type biliquid after grouting pump stirs ladle mixing using 7:3 ratio
Stock pump carries out static expension-spalling agent slurries slip casting after connecting with check valve, until stopping note when static expension-spalling agent return pipe nozzle overfall
Enter static expension-spalling agent slurries, and so on, the drilling after the previous day sealing of hole is injected into static expension-spalling agent slurries every hole.
(4) top release is cut in static spalling
After static expension-spalling agent slurries injection powder charge drilling, with the growth of time, gradually react simultaneously dilatancy,
Under the guiding role of pilot hole, occur running through crack between adjacent two hole, in the mined out side of upper curtate working face and section thin coal pillar
On cover and form structure plane of weakness between base object model rock stratum, after upper curtate working face extraction, mined out this top-hung of side group arm configuration is in mine
It is caving well under the action of pressure.
(5) gob side entry tunnels
If back production finishes upper curtate working face, cuts top work and completed, then it is suitable to carry out immediately lower curtate working face
The headwork of slot, since mined out this top-hung of side group arm configuration has been destroyed, during lower curtate return airway gob side entry driving,
Suffered upper curtate working face base object model cantilever design influences smaller, roadway surrounding rock control difficulty reduction, and supporting is relatively easy.
If Linking up digging work is relatively nervous, can be in the same of the mined out lateral incision top release of upper curtate working face thin coal pillar
When, the headwork of lower curtate return airway is carried out, for meeting Ileal neobladder driuing along goaf period, is returned by upper curtate working face
The dramatic impact that space overlying rock is adopted after adopting, in front of working face and rear certain distance generates unstable support pressure
Stress concentratedarea domain need to stop in upper curtate working face mining influence intense regions along empty lane for the difficulty for reducing roadway maintenance
The driving in road only carries out upper curtate working face extraction and cuts top release work, is more than this section of region to upper curtate working face extraction
Carry out the multiple pick work of gob side entry again afterwards.Due to avoiding upper curtate working face mining influence intense regions, and lower curtate work
During making face crossheading gob side entry driving, mined out this top-hung of side group arm configuration has been destroyed, suffered upper curtate working face extraction dynamic pressure
Smaller, roadway surrounding rock control difficulty reduction is influenced, supporting is relatively easy.
This method is further illustrated below by specific embodiment.
Embodiment 1
Certain mine shows No. 15 coal seams of back production, and No. 15 coal seam average thickness are 3.5m, and directly pushing up (10) is the greyish black of equal thickness 7.0m
Color mud stone, base object model (11) are the packsand of equal thickness 4.0m, arrange upper curtate working face haulage gate in upper curtate working face (1)
(2) and (3) two stope drift active workings of upper curtate working face air return way, which shows Linking up digging anxiety, in upper curtate working face (1)
Need to carry out the driving of lower curtate working face haulage gate (6) while back production, it is complete in upper curtate working face (1) back production to guarantee
The preparation of lower curtate working face (7) is completed before finishing；By upper when to reduce lower curtate working face haulage gate (6) gob side entry driving
The dynamic pressure of section working face (1) back production influences, thus in upper curtate working face air return way (3) close to section thin coal pillar (5) side
Top plate carries out cutting top release work, as shown in Fig. 1.
Step 1: outside upper curtate working face (1) advance support section, i.e., advanced upper curtate working face (1) 25m, along upper area
Section working face air return way (3) top plate carries out drilling construction operation close to section thin coal pillar (5) side side 1m distance；According to static swollen
Splitting agent and generating turgor pressure force value and its generate the comprehensive determining spacing of wells of Fractured zone radius size in drilling country rock is 1.1m；It bores
Bore dia chooses 85mm；Boring direction and back horizontal direction angle are 75 °；Drilling vertical depth is 11m, and drilling depth is
13m。
Step 2: drilling construction is carried out by the drilling parameter that step 1 determines, 20 drillings of every construction are divided into one group, every group
Drilling is divided into powder charge drilling (8) and pilot hole (9), and static expension-spalling agent slurries (18), pilot hole are injected in powder charge drilling (8)
(9) without powder charge.
Step 3: progress powder charge drilling (8) down tube and the work of first sealing of hole first, using 4 points of plastic round tube, pipe diameter is
20mm, every sono-explorer are 3m, which can be with scissors severing and by connector sleeve spreading, and wherein Grouting Pipe (13) is long
Three root canals are sequentially sent to powder charge drilling (8) by 6m, the long 13m of static expension-spalling agent return pipe (14), cement slurry return pipe (15) long 3m
Interior, every root canal is 0.2m in powder charge drilling (8) protruded length, and it is connect progress with back metal mesh by thin wire
It is simple fixed.10kg cement is put in mixing drum, is poured into 100mL waterglass liquid and 10 ~ 30s of uniform stirring every time, is worn rubber hand
Set manually pinches mixture forming, and carries out sealing of hole, sealed borehole length about 0.3m, the waterglass-cement in powder charge drilling (8) aperture
Sealing of hole mud (16) can produce 5 ~ 8MPa intensity in 15min, and the first every hole of sealing of hole is averaged time-consuming 10min, and so on should
Remaining 9 powder charges drilling (8) carries out the first sealing of hole of waterglass-cement respectively in group, and whole process is as shown in Fig. 4.
Secondly powder charge drilling (8) cement grout (17) secondary hole sealing operation is carried out, installs one additional in Grouting Pipe (13) nozzle
Check valve (12) carries out cement grout (17) slip casting, grouting pressure after connecting pneumatic type Double-liquid mud-injection pump with check valve (12)
For 2 ~ 3MPa, stop injection cement grout (17), cement slurry when cement slurry return pipe (15) nozzle return water slurry liquid (17)
Liquid (17) is 2.5m in the interior injection length of powder charge drilling (8), and so on, it is on duty by remaining 9 powder charges drilling (8) difference of the group
Cement grout (17) secondary hole sealing is carried out, cement used is ordinary portland cement, the ratio of mud 0.44, the item under the mine
Under part, cement grout (17) 1.5h is pre-hardening, 6h final set, and whole process is as shown in Fig. 5.
Finally carry out static expension-spalling agent slurries (18) slip casting operation, second day on duty to continue down tube and sealing of hole work,
Carrying out static expension-spalling agent slurries (18) slip casting to the powder charge drilling (8) after the previous day sealing of hole simultaneously, (powder charge every other day can guarantee cement
Slurries sufficiently condense, while can close drilling superficial part crack)；Static expension-spalling agent is by CaO, MgO, SiO2、Al2O3And Fe2O3Group
At, wherein 90% or more is CaO, it, will be pneumatic by static expension-spalling agent and water using 7:3 ratio after grouting pump slip casting ladle mixing
Formula Double-liquid mud-injection pump carries out static expension-spalling agent slurries (18) slip casting after connecting with check valve (12), grouting pressure is 4 ~ 6MPa, directly
Stop injecting static expension-spalling agent slurries (18), static expension-spalling agent slurries (18) when to static expension-spalling agent return pipe (14) nozzle overfall
Injection length is 10m in powder charge drilling (8), and so on, the powder charge drilling (8) after the previous day sealing of hole is injected separately into static state
Expension-spalling agent slurries (18), whole process is as shown in Fig. 6.
Step 4: after the completion of sealing of hole and powder charge process as shown in figure 3, with the time growth, powder charge drills quiet in (8)
State expension-spalling agent slurries (18) gradually react and dilatancy, under the guiding role of pilot hole (9), go out between adjacent two hole
Now run through crack, is covered on the mined out side of upper curtate working face (1) and section thin coal pillar (5) and form structure between base object model (11) rock stratum
Plane of weakness, after upper curtate working face (1) back production, mined out side base object model (11) cantilever design under the action of mine pressure well
It is caving.
Step 5: due to Linking up digging work strain, staying and set 10m section thin coal pillar (5), suitable in upper curtate working face return air
In slot (3) while lateral incision top release mined out along section thin coal pillar (5), the driving of lower curtate working face haulage gate (6) is carried out
Work, to avoid meeting Ileal neobladder driuing along goaf period, by the play for adopting space overlying rock after upper curtate working face (1) back production
Strong influence, 100m and rear 100m mining influence intense regions stop lower curtate working face fortune in front of upper curtate working face (1)
The driving of defeated crossheading (6) only carries out (1) back production of upper curtate working face and cuts top release work, to upper curtate working face (1) back production
The multiple pick work of lower curtate working face haulage gate (6) is carried out behind more than this section region again.Due to avoiding upper curtate working face
(1) mining influence intense regions, and during lower curtate working face haulage gate (6) gob side entry driving, mined out side base object model (11)
Cantilever design has been destroyed, and suffered upper curtate working face (1) back production dynamic pressure influences smaller, roadway surrounding rock control difficulty reduction,
Supporting is relatively easy.
Claims (1)
1. one kind cuts top pressure relief method for the mined out side static state spalling of gob side entry driving thin coal pillar, it is characterised in that: the method is
Follow these steps progress:
(1) determination of bore position and drill relevant parameter spacing, diameter, angle and depth
Bore position: it at 20 ~ 30m of advanced upper curtate working face, is helped close to thin coal pillar along top plate in upper curtate return airway
Axial arrangement several groups drilling；
The spacing of wells: the Fractured zone radius that static expension-spalling agent generates in drilling country rock is calculated as follows:
In formula:- rock uniaxiality strength, MPa；- expension-spalling agent changes over time the bulbs of pressure of generation, thus
The reasonable spacing to drill when carrying out side cut top to the mined out side top plate of thin coal pillar with static expension-spalling agent to determine is 2a；
Bore diameter: it is chosen by 70 ~ 90mm；
Bore angle: with back horizontal direction angle by 70 ° ~ 90 ° selections；
Drilling depth: being calculated by formula L=KH/sin θ, in formula: H is drilling vertical depth, and θ is bore angle, and K is surplus coefficiert, is taken
1.1~1.3；The vertical depth that drills presses H=h1+h2It determines, h1For immediate roof thickness, h2Base object model thickness；
(2) drilling construction
Outside upper curtate return airway advance support section, helped close to thin coal pillar, upward by drilling parameter determined by step (1)
Section working face direction, oblique brill powder charge drilling and pilot hole are led if powder charge drilling carries out powder charge with dry hole for one group
The stress distribution for changing powder charge drilled edge to drilling enables crack in the extension perforation of powder charge drilling line direction；
(3) sealing of hole and powder charge
After drilling construction, powder charge drilling and sealing and powder charge are carried out, is injected static expension-spalling agent in coal and rock using grouting method；
Down tube and first sealing of hole are carried out first, and Grouting Pipe, cement slurry return pipe, static expension-spalling agent return pipe are sent into drilling,
And each nozzle is fixed at drilling orifice, three root canals and drilling orifice are sealed by waterglass-cement admixture, 10min ~
Calcium silicates is generated after 20min, realizes first sealing of hole operation；
Secondly cement grout secondary hole sealing is carried out, a check valve is installed additional in Grouting Pipe nozzle, by pneumatic type Double-liquid mud-injection pump and list
Cement grout slip casting is carried out after to valve connection, until stopping injection when cement slurry return pipe nozzle overfall, cement grout is at the beginning of 1 ~ 3h
It is solidifying, in 4 ~ 6h final set；
Static expension-spalling agent slurries slip casting is finally carried out every other day, static expension-spalling agent is made of CaO, MgO, SiO2, Al2O3 and Fe2O3,
Wherein 90% or more is CaO, by static expension-spalling agent and water using 7: 3 ratios after grouting pump stirs ladle mixing, pneumatic type is double
Liquid grout pump carries out static expension-spalling agent slurries slip casting after being connected to check valve, until stopping when static expension-spalling agent return pipe nozzle overfall
Static expension-spalling agent slurries are only injected, and so on, static expension-spalling agent slurries are injected into the drilling after preceding 24 hours sealing of holes；
(4) top release is cut in static spalling
After static expension-spalling agent slurries injection powder charge drilling, with the extension of time, the simultaneously dilatancy that gradually reacts, is being oriented to
Under the action of drilling, occurs running through crack between adjacent two drilling, cover base on the mined out side of upper curtate working face and section thin coal pillar
This rimrock interlayer forms structure plane of weakness, and after upper curtate working face extraction, mined out this top-hung of side group arm configuration is in mine pressure
It is caving under effect；
(5) gob side entry tunnels
If back production finishes upper curtate working face, cuts top work and completed, then can carry out lower curtate return airway immediately
Headwork, it is suffered during lower curtate return airway gob side entry driving since mined out this top-hung of side group arm configuration has been destroyed
Upper curtate working face base object model cantilever design influences smaller, roadway surrounding rock control difficulty reduction, and supporting is relatively easy；
If Linking up digging work is relatively nervous, while the mined out lateral incision top release of upper curtate working face thin coal pillar, carry out down
The headwork of section return airway is adopted for meeting Ileal neobladder driuing along goaf period by after upper curtate working face extraction
Space overburden effects, in front of working face and rear certain distance generates unstable support pressure stress concentratedarea domain,
For the difficulty for reducing roadway maintenance, the driving of gob side entry need to be stopped in upper curtate working face mining influence region, only carried out
Section working face extraction and cut top release work, carry out gob side entry again after upper curtate working face extraction is more than this section of region
Work is dug again, due to avoiding upper curtate working face mining influence region, and during lower curtate return airway gob side entry driving,
Mined out this top-hung of side group arm configuration has been destroyed, and suffered upper curtate working face extraction dynamic pressure influences smaller, roadway surrounding rock control
Difficulty reduces, and supporting is relatively easy.
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