CN107683365A - For the method and flowing guidance unit of the cooling for slowing down flowing guidance unit - Google Patents
For the method and flowing guidance unit of the cooling for slowing down flowing guidance unit Download PDFInfo
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- CN107683365A CN107683365A CN201680031907.1A CN201680031907A CN107683365A CN 107683365 A CN107683365 A CN 107683365A CN 201680031907 A CN201680031907 A CN 201680031907A CN 107683365 A CN107683365 A CN 107683365A
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- Prior art keywords
- phase
- wall portion
- heat
- change material
- guidance unit
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K27/00—Plants for converting heat or fluid energy into mechanical energy, not otherwise provided for
- F01K27/02—Plants modified to use their waste heat, other than that of exhaust, e.g. engine-friction heat
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
- F01D25/08—Cooling; Heating; Heat-insulation
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K13/00—General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
- F01K13/006—Auxiliaries or details not otherwise provided for
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K13/00—General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
- F01K13/02—Controlling, e.g. stopping or starting
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K23/00—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids
- F01K23/02—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled
- F01K23/06—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
- F01K23/10—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle with exhaust fluid of one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
- F01K25/08—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K7/00—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating
- F01K7/16—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating the engines being only of turbine type
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/16—Combined cycle power plant [CCPP], or combined cycle gas turbine [CCGT]
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of method for being used to slow down the cooling of flowing guidance unit (16).Itd is proposed to effectively slow down the cooling of flowing guidance unit (16), flowing guidance unit (16) includes heat-insulation unit (36) and flowed by heat transfer medium, reduce the temperature of heat transfer medium, thus the wall portion (40 of guidance unit (16) is flowed, 50) cool down, and heat-insulation unit (36) discharges heat energy, thus slows down the cooling of wall portion (40,50).
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method for being used to slow down the cooling of flowing guidance unit.To be flowed in addition, the present invention relates to one kind
Dynamic guidance unit.
Background technology
Many job facilities have flowing guidance unit, and the flowing guidance unit is flowed by the heat transfer medium of heat.If
Because the cooling of heat transfer medium occur in the process conditions of change during this facility operation, then flowing guidance unit also becomes
It is cold.In order to slow down the cooling of flowing guidance unit and then reduce the heat energy loss of facility, hitherto known flowing guidance unit bag
Thermal insulating device is included, the thermal insulating device has small thermal conductivity or small heat transfer coefficient.
Although being provided with this thermal insulating device, flowing guidance unit will largely heat energy be released to its surrounding environment and
Turn cold herein so that when reheating heat transfer medium, a large amount of heat energy are released to flowing guidance unit by heat transfer medium.This hinders
The operation of the Energy Efficient of facility.
The content of the invention
The object of the present invention is to propose a kind of method, it can effectively slow down flowing guidance unit by methods described
Cooling.
According to the present invention, the purpose is realized by a kind of method for being used to slow down the cooling of flowing guidance unit, its
Middle flowing guidance unit includes heat-insulation unit, and is flowed by heat transfer medium, reduces the temperature of heat transfer medium, thus flowing guiding
The wall portion cooling of unit, and heat-insulation unit release heat energy, thus slow down the cooling of wall portion.
Herein, slowing down for cooling is it will be appreciated that slowing down into temperature decline.That is, when flowing guidance unit
When cooling slows down, meaningfully its temperature loss rate or its cooling rate decline.
Heat energy can be indirectly or directly released to wall portion by heat-insulation unit.This can hinder the cooling of wall portion.Thus,
The cooling of wall portion can be slowed down.Facility is run therefore, it is possible to energy efficient.
In the favourable design of the present invention, heat-insulation unit includes heater.Heater can discharge
Heat energy, especially it is released to wall portion.In addition, heat energy can be indirectly or directly released to wall portion by heater.Heater
Such as can be electric heater unit, in particular Ohmic heating device.
According to the preferable improvement project of the present invention, the temperature of wall portion is maintained at default temperature by means of heater
Spend in threshold value or higher than default temperature threshold, be especially maintained at 400 DEG C or higher than 400 DEG C.
Preferably, heat-insulation unit includes phase-change material.Phase-change material can undergo the phase transformation from the first phase to the second phase.This
Outside, phase-change material discharges heat energy in phase transformation.Thereby, it is possible to slow down the cooling of wall portion.
Suitably, in Cooling Heat Transfer medium, part or all of phase-change material experience phase transformation of phase-change material, also referred to as
For phase inversion.
By means of phase-change material, it is possible to increase flow the thermal mass or thermal inertia of induction element.Thereby, it is possible to improve temperature
Keep.
In principle, heat transfer medium can be steam or liquid.Preferably, heat transfer medium is vapor.
Preferably, the heat energy discharged by phase-change material in phase transformation is released to wall portion.Wall portion and can is enough to transmit heat energy
To heat transfer medium.In addition, the heat energy discharged by phase-change material in phase transformation can be released to heat transfer medium.Heat transfer medium and can
Enough transfer thermal energy to wall portion.Suitably, because the phase transformation of phase-change material also slows down the cooling of heat transfer medium.
In the favourable embodiment of the present invention, the first phase is liquid phase.Suitably, the second phase is solid phase.In addition,
A part for whole phase-change materials or phase-change material can solidify when heat transfer medium cools down.The phase transformation of liquid phase to solid phase is significant
Ground occurs in the scope of the setting temperature of phase-change material.In solidification, phase-change material is suitably by heat energy with the shape of heat of fusion
Formula discharges.
In order that phase-change material can undergo the phase transformation from the first phase to the second phase, it is necessary to suitably first by the phase transformation
Material is placed in the first phase.Preferably, phase-change material is placed in the first phase from the second phase by heating, especially melted.
As an alternative, also the phase transformation from liquid phase to solid phase can be used as by the use of another phase transformation.Thus, for example the first phase can be solid
Phase.In addition, the second phase can be another solid phase.Feature from a solid phase to the phase transformation of another solid phase can for example be phase transformation
The change of the crystal structure of material.In addition, a part for whole phase-change materials or phase-change material can when heat transfer medium cools down
Change crystal structure.When changing crystal structure, phase-change material suitably discharges heat energy.
Heat energy discharged by phase-change material in phase transformation or absorption is suitably latent heat.Therefore phase-change material can be regarded as
For thermal storage device, latent heat storage device is especially regarded as.
Advantageously, phase-change material has smaller thermal conductivity compared with wall portion.Thus, phase-change material can be by wall portion warm
Insulation.Certainly, the thermal conductivity of phase-change material is suitably high to so that ensuring the sufficiently large hot-fluid from phase-change material to wall portion.
In the favourable embodiment of the present invention, heat energy is conveyed to by phase-change material by heater, especially
It is such when the temperature of phase-change material is less than default minimum temperature.Last-mentioned heater enables in particular to be first premise
The heater arrived.In addition, phase-change material can either directly or indirectly pass through heating devices heat.Especially, filled by heating
Put can heated wall portion, the wall portion can transfer thermal energy to phase-change material.
One in the present invention is advantageously improved in scheme, and methods described can be in power plant, and especially Thermal Power Station transports
Used during row.For example, the cooling of the flowing guidance unit of Thermal Power Station can be slowed down according to the above method.Thus, power plant
Start-up course can be more effectively carried out, especially energy is more effectively and/or the time is more effectively carried out.Meaningfully, send out
The flowing guidance unit of power plant is the flowing guidance unit being in the previously mentioned.Preferably, the heat transfer of percolation flowing guidance unit is situated between
The temperature of matter is reduced due to the reduction of the power in power plant.
The power in power plant can for example reduce in the following way：The fuel being reduced in the combustion chamber in power plant is defeated
Send.In addition, the temperature of heat transfer medium enables in particular to reduce in the following way：Power plant is shut down.
When being shut down in power plant, flowing guidance unit can cool down.Furthermore it is possible to it is required that start hair (again)
During power plant, before the steam turbine in power plant can put into operation energy can be fed into power network with power plant, it will flow
Dynamic guidance unit is first heated to higher than temperature threshold.
Therefore significantly, the cooling of flowing guidance unit is slowed down when power plant is shut down.Can by the above method
Realize, when (again) starts power plant, when especially starting power plant within 24 to 48 hours after power plant shutdown, hair
The flowing guidance unit of power plant has higher temperature.Thereby, it is possible to shorten again up to flowing guidance unit, especially its wall portion,
It is heated to the duration of temperature threshold.Therefore, it is possible to shorten the duration of the start-up course in power plant.
Start particularly by faster, power plant can more effectively be run.In addition, by being caused due to the cooling slowed down
Smaller temperature fluctuation, can reduce act on flowing guidance unit thermo-mechanical load.Therefore, because thermo-mechanical load
Reduce, power plant can be run in a manner of protection materials.This causes, it is possible to increase flows the service life of guidance unit.By
This, power plant can low abrasion so that low-maintenance run.In addition, the efficiency in power plant can be obtained by using heat-insulation unit
To improvement.Therefore, Thermal Power Station can economically run on the whole.
In addition, the present invention relates to one kind to flow guidance unit.In order to effectively slow down the cooling of flowing guidance unit,
According to the present invention, flowing guidance unit includes wall portion and heat-insulation unit, and the heat-insulation unit is built into, in order to slow down the cold of wall portion
But heat energy is discharged.
Flowing guidance unit enables in particular to be the flowing guidance unit used in the above-mentioned methods.In addition, associated methods carry
To specific element can be it is described flowing guidance unit part.
Advantageously, heat-insulation unit includes phase-change material.Phase-change material can be built into, and be passed through to slow down the cooling of wall portion
Go through the phase transformation from the first phase to the second phase.In addition, phase-change material can be built into, heat energy is discharged in phase transformation.
Alternatively or additionally, heat-insulation unit can include heater.Heater can be built into, and discharge heat energy,
Especially it is released to wall portion.Heater for example can be used in wall portion being maintained on default temperature threshold or higher than default temperature
Threshold value is spent, is especially maintained at 400 DEG C or higher than 400 DEG C.
Preferably, flowing guidance unit includes thermal insulating device.Moreover, it is proposed that flowing guidance unit includes heater,
Especially electric heater unit.The heater that heater can be for example the previously mentioned.In addition, heater can for example be set
Between wall portion and thermal insulating device.Thermal insulating device suitably surrounds wall portion.In addition, thermal insulating device advantageously surrounds phase transformation
Material.In addition, thermal insulating device can surround heater.
Heat-insulation unit suitably includes at least one cavity.The cavity can for example be arranged on wall portion and thermal insulating device
Between.Advantageously, phase-change material disposes in the cavities.
In the favourable design of the present invention, flowing guidance unit also has in addition to the wall portion being firstly mentioned
There is another wall portion.Suitably, another wall portion surrounds the wall portion being firstly mentioned.Therefore, flowing guidance unit can construct double-walled.
The wall portion being firstly mentioned can be inner wall part and another wall portion can be outside wall portions.In addition, heat-insulation unit can be included at least
One cavity, the cavity are arranged between the wall portion being firstly mentioned and another wall portion.Cavity for example can be by being firstly mentioned
Wall portion and another wall portion gauge.Suitably, phase-change material disposes in the cavities.Phase-change material can be considered as macroencapsulation.
Inner wall part it will be appreciated that for flow guidance unit inner space gauge that wall portion.Flow guidance unit
Inner space is it will be appreciated that space being guided through for heat transfer medium.Meaningfully, inner space by it is described first
The lateral gauge of wall portion mentioned.
Itd is proposed in another favourable design of the present invention, heat-insulation unit has multiple cavitys.Multiple cavity examples
If with spongiform structure, set especially in the form of porous metal or carbon sponge.In addition, phase-change material can dispose
In the cavity of spongiform structure.Spongiform structure with phase-change material can be considered as composite.It is as an alternative or attached
Add ground, heat-insulation unit can include the dispersion of the metal micro particles with phase-change material, carbon particle and/or ceramic particle.
Itd is proposed in another favourable design of the present invention, heat-insulation unit includes multiple bladders.In addition, phase transformation material
Material can be placed in bladder, be especially enclosed in bladder.Bladder is it will be appreciated that be phase-change material bulk material.In addition,
Bladder can be for example arranged in the inner space of flowing guidance unit.Inner space enable in particular to be in the previously mentioned it is interior
Portion space.
Preferably, phase-change material includes metal alloy and/or salt mixture.For example, this metal alloy can include aluminium,
Magnesium and zinc.This salt mixture can for example include sodium chloride, magnesium chloride, sodium fluoride, calcirm-fluoride and/or lithium fluoride.
Advantageously, the phase transition temperature of phase-change material is more than 300 DEG C, especially greater than 400 DEG C.In addition, the phase transformation of phase-change material
It is less than 800 DEG C, especially less than 600 DEG C proper temperature.
Phase transition temperature is it will be appreciated that temperature to undergo phase transition.Phase transformation preferably can occur in the case where there：
The temperature that the temperature of phase-change material has default temperature value and/or phase-change material is located in default temperature range.It is default
Temperature or default temperature range can be related to the chemical composition of phase-change material.In the phase transformation from liquid phase to solid phase, phase transformation
Temperature is meaningfully setting temperature.
One in the present invention is advantageously improved in scheme, and wall portion has multiple ribs.Preferably, wall portion is in its direction insulation
There are multiple ribs on the side of unit.Rib can have following purpose：Improve from heat-insulation unit to wall portion, especially from phase-change material
To wall portion, and/or from wall portion to heat-insulation unit, the heat transfer especially from wall portion to phase-change material.In particular, heat transfer passes through wall
Larger contact area between portion and heat-insulation unit is improved, wherein larger contact area can be attributed to rib.
In addition, wall portion can have multiple ribs on its side away from heat-insulation unit.Have away from the side of heat-insulation unit
Meaning towards flowing guidance unit inner space.Last-mentioned rib can have following purpose：Improve from heat transfer medium
Heat transfer in into wall portion and/or from wall portion to heat transfer medium.In particular, heat transfer is by between wall portion and heat transfer medium
Larger contact area improved, wherein larger contact area can be attributed to rib.
Can generate electricity in addition, according to the flowing guidance unit of the present invention, especially its improvement project being described above
Factory, the especially element of Thermal Power Station.
Advantageously, it is pipeline, steam header, steam turbine or heat exchanger, especially steam generation to flow guidance unit
The heat exchanger of device.Preferably, power plant includes the flowing guidance unit of multiple the above-mentioned types.Flow an energy in guidance unit
Enough it is pipeline.Another flowed in guidance unit can be steam header.Flowing guidance unit in another can be
Heat exchanger.Another flowed in guidance unit can be steam turbine.
The description of the favourable design to the present invention provided so far includes multiple features, the feature it is each from
By partially combined into being described in a manner of multiple in category claim.However, these features also suitably can be examined individually
Consider and be combined into significant other combinations.In particular, these features can be separately and with arbitrarily suitable group
Close with the method according to the invention and combined according to the flowing guidance unit of the present invention.Therefore, method characteristic is also with specific table
The feature of corresponding unit is regarded as up to mode and vice versa.
Even if in the description or in the claims, some terms in a manner of odd number or combine number use respectively, right
Odd number or corresponding number are also should not necessarily be limited in these term the scope of the present invention.In addition, expression "a" or "an" is paid no attention to
Solution is understood as indefinite article into number.
Brief description of the drawings
Description below in conjunction with the embodiments is apparent and is more clearly understood that the above-mentioned characteristic of the present invention, feature and advantage
And the characteristic, the method for feature and advantage and mode how are realized, the embodiment combination accompanying drawing elaborates.Embodiment
For illustrating the present invention and the present invention is not restricted to the combination provided wherein of feature, be also not in relation to functional characteristic by
Limitation.In addition, the feature for being suitable for this of each embodiment also can depart from one embodiment with clearly individually considering and be incorporated into
It is supplemented in another embodiment, and with any claim combinations.
Accompanying drawing is shown：
Fig. 1 shows the power plant with multiple flowing guidance units；
Fig. 2 shows the cross section of flowing guidance unit, and the flowing guidance unit includes being arranged on flowing guidance unit
Phase-change material between wall portion and thermal insulating device；
Fig. 3 shows the longitudinal section of the flowing guidance unit in Fig. 2；
Fig. 4 shows the longitudinal section of the flowing guidance unit of alternative, and the flowing guidance unit includes outside wall portions and interior
Wall portion and the phase-change material being arranged between outside wall portions and inner wall part；With
Fig. 5 shows the longitudinal section of the flowing guidance unit of another alternative, in the inner space of the flowing guidance unit
It is mounted with the bladder with phase-change material.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 schematically illustrates Thermal Power Station 2, and the Thermal Power Station is configured to combustion gas and steam power plant.Power plant 2
With steam generator 4, steam header 6 and steam turbine 8.In addition, power plant 2 has a pipeline 10, the pipeline is by steam
Generator 4 and steam turbine 8 are connected to each other.Steam generator 4 includes heat exchanger 12.In addition, power plant 2 includes fuel preheater
14, the fuel preheater has fuel delivery means.Steam header 6, steam turbine 8, pipeline 10, heat exchanger 12 and fuel
Preheater 14 is the flowing guidance unit 16 in power plant 2.
Power plant 2 also includes generator 18, and the generator is connected via axle 20 with steam turbine 8.Axle is in generator 18
There is shaft coupling 22 between steam turbine 8.In addition, gas turbine 24 is rigidly attached via axle 20 and generator 18.Fuel
Preheater 14 is arranged on the input side of gas turbine 24.Combustion chamber is additionally provided between gas turbine 24 and fuel preheater 14
26.In addition, gas turbine 24 is connected in outlet side via exhaust piping 28 with steam generator 4.Power plant 2 also includes condenser
30 and return 32, the return condenser 30 is connected with steam generator 4 and there is condenser pump.
During power plant 2 is run, by fuel, especially natural gas, fuel preheater is incorporated into via fuel delivery means
In 14, and preheated in fuel preheater 14.Then, the fuel of preheating is burnt in combustion chamber 26, and by heat, place
Waste gas under pressure is conveyed to gas turbine 24 and expanded there to carry out mechanical work.Still hot waste gas then passes through
Exhaust piping 28 is conveyed to steam generator 4.In addition, waste gas flow through steam generator 4, until the waste gas is eventually through steam
The waste gas outlet 34 of generator 4 is discharged into air.Waste gas is on its path through steam generator 4 in steam generator 4
Heat exchanger 12 in its heat is released to process water.By absorbing heat, technique water evaporation, wherein the vapor occurred herein
Heat transfer medium is formed, the heat transfer medium is heated by waste gas.
Heat transfer medium (i.e. vapor) collects in steam header 12, and the steam header is under steam generator 4
Trip access.Via pipeline 10, heat transfer medium is directed in steam turbine 8.
It is guided through the heat transfer medium driving steam turbine 8 of steam turbine 8 and expands herein to carry out mechanical work.
Gas turbine 24 and steam turbine 8 (in the case where shaft coupling 22 engages) drive generator 18, the generating via axle 20
Machine produces electric energy.
The heat transfer medium of expansion is condensed in the condenser 30 that the downstream of steam turbine 8 is accessed and caused (liquid herein
) process water is conveyed to steam generator 4 via return 32.Process water can again be heated and be described above
Process circulating repetition.
If power plant 2 is shut down, then is interrupted to the fuel conveying in combustion chamber 26.Gas turbine 24 no longer provides will
Heat transfer cools down to process water and the hot waste gas of heat transfer medium, thus heat transfer medium.Due to cooling, above-mentioned flowing guidance unit
16 (i.e. steam header 6, steam turbine 8, pipeline 10, heat exchanger 12 and fuel preheaters 14) also cool down.
Flow guidance unit 16 includes the heat-insulation unit 36 (referring to Fig. 2) with phase-change material 38, the phase transformation material respectively
Material exists when power plant 2 is run with liquid.If the temperature of phase-change material 38 is less than default temperature when heat transfer medium cools down
Degree, then phase-change material 38 solidifies.In the ongoing illustrated embodiment, default temperature is 500 DEG C.In solidification, phase-change material 38
Heat energy is released to the wall portion 40 of corresponding flowing guidance unit 16 (referring to Fig. 2).In addition, in solidification, heat energy is released to
Heat transfer medium included in corresponding flowing guidance unit 16.Thus, slow down and wall portion 40 and heat transfer medium continue to cool down.
In restarting power plant 2, when restarting power plant 2 within 24 to 48 hours especially after the shutdown, stream
Dynamic guidance unit 16 has considerably higher temperature compared with the flowing induction element without phase-change material so that reaches temperature
The heating period of threshold value is considerably shorter.Thereby, it is possible to more cost-effectively run power plant 2.In addition, by due to smaller cold
Caused smaller temperature fluctuation, the thermomechanical load reduction of flowing guidance unit 16 is acted on so that power plant 2 is with guarantor
The mode of protective material is run, and this also benefits to the economy and efficiency in power plant 2.
Fig. 2 is exemplarily illustrated the cross section of the simplification for the flowing guidance unit 16 hereinbefore mentioned.
The flowing guidance unit 16 shown includes：Wall portion 40；Thermal insulating device 42, the thermal insulating device surround wall portion
40；Inner space 44, heat transfer medium are conducted through the inner space；With heat-insulation unit 36.Heat-insulation unit 36 is again including sky
Chamber 46, the cavity are arranged between wall portion 40 and thermal insulating device 42 and comprising phase-change material 38.
In addition, heat-insulation unit 36 includes electric heater unit 48, the electric heater unit is arranged on phase-change material 38 and heat is exhausted
Between edge device 42.
By the cooling (when being shut down in power plant 2) to heat transfer medium hereinbefore mentioned, phase-change material 38 undergo from
Liquid also referred to as occurs to the phase transformation of solid-state as phase inversion, wherein phase transformation in the scope of the setting temperature of phase-change material 38.Phase
Become material 38 (solidification) in phase transformation by heat energy, especially in the form of heat of fusion, to be released to wall portion 40, thus slow down wall portion 40
Cooling.Wall portion continues heat energy to pass to heat transfer medium again.Thus, the cooling of heat transfer medium is slowed down.
When (again) starts power plant 2, phase-change material 38 is placed in liquid from solid-state.Here, by phase-change material 38 narrow
Temperature range in absorb heat of fusion form heat energy.
In principle, can be by the use of another phase transformation as the phase transformation from liquid to solid-state, especially from solid-state to the phase of another solid-state
Become (solid-solid phase-change).
Phase-change material 38 can for example include metal alloy or salt mixture.For example, phase-change material 38 can be by aluminium, magnesium
The metal alloy formed with zinc, especially with 59% aluminum feedstock, 35% magnesium share and 6% zinc share.As an alternative, phase transformation
Material 38 for example can be the salt mixture being made up of sodium chloride and magnesium chloride, especially with 48% sodium chloride share and 52%
Magnesium chloride share.In addition, phase-change material 38 can have other salt being for example made up of sodium fluoride, calcirm-fluoride and lithium fluoride
Mixture, especially with 12% sodium fluoride share, 59% calcirm-fluoride share and 29% lithium fluoride share.
If the temperature of phase-change material 38 is less than for example, 450 DEG C of default minimum temperature, then is phase-change material 38
Heat energy is conveyed by electric heater unit 48.Here, directly through the heating phase-change material 38 of heater 48.Phase-change material 38 will
Heat energy passes to wall portion 40.Thus, wall portion 40 is kept above default temperature threshold, is especially more than 400 DEG C so that is starting
When, shorten for guidance unit 16, especially wall portion 40 will to be flowed, be heated to above the heat time of temperature threshold.
Plane III-III is cutd open in addition, being shown in phantom in fig. 2.
Fig. 3 is shown in Fig. 2 along the longitudinal section for the flowing guidance unit 16 for cuing open plane III-III.This is not shown additional
Feature.More precisely, for a better understanding, it illustrates flowing guidance unit 16 by another solid.Hereinafter show
The flowing guidance unit 16 of the alternative gone out is described by same stereogram.
Fig. 4 shows the longitudinal section for the flowing guidance unit 16 that alternative is formed.The description to Figure 4 and 5 is basically limited to below
With the difference of the embodiment in Fig. 2, constant feature and function are relatively kept to this reference.It is kept essentially constant
The feature that element is presented with like reference characters and do not mentioned in principle uses in the following embodiments, without heavy to its
Newly it is described.
Figure 4 illustrates flowing guidance unit 16 there are inner wall part 50 and outside wall portions 52.In the current situation, it is mounted with
The cavity 46 of phase-change material 38 is arranged between inner wall part 50 and outside wall portions 52.
Inner wall part 50 is at it towards having multiple ribs 54 on the side of phase-change material 38.Rib 54 has following purpose：Improve
From phase-change material 38 to wall portion 50 and/or from wall portion 50 to the heat transfer of phase-change material 38.In particular, by phase-change material 38
Bigger contact area between inner wall part 50 improves heat transfer.
In addition, inner wall part 50 has multiple ribs 54 on its side away from phase-change material 38.Inner wall part deviates from phase transformation
The side of material 38 guides heat transfer medium towards inner space 44, the inner space.The rib 54 finally referred to has such as in addition
Lower purpose：Improve from heat transfer medium to wall portion 50 and from wall portion 50 to the heat transfer of heat transfer medium.In particular, heat transfer medium is passed through
Bigger contact area between inner wall part 50 improves heat transfer.
The rib 54 of inner wall part 50 is optional.In principle, can be omitted in towards on the side of phase-change material 38 and/or
Rib 54 on the side of phase-change material 38.Rib 54 can also form the flowing guidance unit 16 of single wall (according to Fig. 2 and 3)
In be present in wall portion 40 towards phase-change material 38 and/or on the side of phase-change material 38.
In the current situation, heater 48 is arranged between outside wall portions 52 and thermal insulating device 42.If phase-change material
38 temperature is less than default minimum temperature, then heat energy is conveyed into phase-change material 38 by electric heater unit 48.Here, phase
Become material to be heated indirectly.The outside wall portions 52 of the heating flowing guidance unit 16 of heater 48.Absorbed herein by outside wall portions 52
Heat energy is delivered to phase-change material 38 and passes to inner wall part 50 by the latter.
Fig. 5 shows the longitudinal section for the flowing guidance unit 16 that another alternative is formed, and the flowing guidance unit has phase
Become material 38.In the current situation, phase-change material 38 is not encapsulated between wall portion 40 and thermal insulating device 42, but is encapsulated
In multiple bladders 56, the bladder is placed in the inner space 44 of flowing guidance unit 16.That is, Warm keeping sheet
Member 36 also includes the bladder 56 with phase-change material 38 in addition to heater 48 in this case.
Heat energy especially in solidification, is released to heat transfer medium by phase-change material 38 in phase transformation.Heat transfer medium is again by heat energy
Pass to wall portion 40.
If the temperature of phase-change material 38 is less than default minimum temperature, then is conveyed heat energy by electric heater unit 48
To phase-change material 38.Here, phase-change material is heated indirectly.The wall portion 40 of the heating flowing guidance unit 16 of heater 48.
This heat energy absorbed by wall portion 40 is delivered to heat transfer medium.Heat transfer medium transfers thermal energy to bladder 56 and passed to again
The phase-change material 38 being encapsulated in bladder 56.
In the embodiment described before, phase-change material can be also abandoned in principle.In this case, heater
Heat energy can be directly released to wall portion and then slow down the cooling of wall portion.
Although the present invention is described in detail and described by preferred embodiment in detail, the present invention is not due to disclosed
Example is restricted, and other variations can therefrom be exported by those skilled in the art, without departing from the present invention's
Protection domain.
Claims (15)
1. one kind is used for the method for slowing down the cooling of flowing guidance unit (16), wherein
- flowing the guidance unit (16) includes heat-insulation unit (36), and is flowed by heat transfer medium,
Wall portion (40, the 50) cooling of the temperature of-reduction heat transfer medium, thus the flowing guidance unit (16), and
- the heat-insulation unit (36) release heat energy, thus slows down the cooling of the wall portion (40,50).
2. according to the method for claim 1,
Characterized in that,
The heat-insulation unit (36) includes heater (48), and the heater discharges heat energy, is especially released to the wall portion
(40,50).
3. according to the method for claim 2,
Characterized in that,
The temperature of the wall portion (40,50) is maintained on default temperature threshold or is higher than by means of the heater (48)
Default temperature threshold.
4. the method according to any one of the claims,
Characterized in that,
- the heat-insulation unit (36) includes phase-change material (38),
- the phase-change material (38) experience from the first phase to the phase transformation of the second phase, and
- the phase-change material (38) discharges heat energy in phase transformation, thus slows down the cooling of the wall portion (40,50).
5. according to the method for claim 4,
Characterized in that,
The heat energy discharged by the phase-change material (38) in phase transformation is released to the wall portion (40,50), the wall portion is by institute
State heat energy and pass to the heat transfer medium, and/or the heat energy discharged by the phase-change material (38) in phase transformation is released to institute
Heat transfer medium is stated, the heat energy is passed to the wall portion (40,50) by the heat transfer medium.
6. the method according to claim 4 or 5,
Characterized in that,
Heat energy is conveyed to by the phase-change material (38), the especially temperature when the phase-change material (38) by heater (48)
During less than default minimum temperature.
7. one kind is used for the method for running power plant (2), wherein slowing down the stream of power plant (2) according to any one of the claims
The cooling of dynamic guidance unit (16), wherein the temperature of the heat transfer medium for the flowing guidance unit (16) that flows is due to the generating
The reduction of the power of factory (2) and reduce.
8. one kind flowing guidance unit (16), the flowing guidance unit includes wall portion (40,50) and heat-insulation unit (36), described
Heat-insulation unit is built into, and discharges heat energy to slow down the cooling of the wall portion (40,50).
9. flowing guidance unit (16) according to claim 8,
Characterized in that,
The heat-insulation unit (36) includes phase-change material (38), and the phase-change material is built into, in order to slow down the wall portion (40,
50) cooling experience discharges heat energy from the first phase to the phase transformation of the second phase in phase transformation.
10. flowing guidance unit (16) according to claim 9,
Characterized in that,
Provided with thermal insulating device (42) and heater (48), especially electric heater unit (48), wherein the heater
(48) it is arranged between the wall portion (40,50) and the thermal insulating device (42), and the thermal insulating device (42) surrounds
The wall portion (40,50), the phase-change material (38) and the heater (48).
11. the flowing guidance unit (16) according to claim 9 or 10,
Characterized in that,
Provided with another wall portion (52), another wall portion surround referring initially to wall portion (40,50), wherein the heat-insulation unit
(36) include at least one cavity (46), the cavity be arranged on another wall portion (52) and referring initially to wall portion (40,
50) between, and the phase-change material (38) is mounted with the cavity.
12. the flowing guidance unit (16) according to any one of claim 9 to 11,
Characterized in that,
The heat-insulation unit (36) includes multiple bladders (56), and the phase-change material (38) is mounted with the bladder,
And the bladder is arranged in the inner space (44) of the flowing guidance unit (16).
13. the flowing guidance unit (16) according to any one of claim 9 to 12,
Characterized in that,
The phase-change material (38) includes metal alloy and/or salt mixture, and the phase transition temperature of the phase-change material (38)
More than 300 DEG C, especially greater than 400 DEG C, and less than 800 DEG C, especially less than 600 DEG C.
14. the flowing guidance unit (16) according to any one of claim 8 to 13,
Characterized in that,
The wall portion (40,50) deviates from the heat-insulation unit on its side towards the heat-insulation unit (36) and/or at it
(36) there are multiple ribs (54) on side.
15. a kind of power plant (2), especially Thermal Power Station, the power plant has according to any one of claim 8 to 14 institute
The flowing guidance unit (16) stated, wherein the flowing guidance unit (16) is pipeline (10), steam header (6), vapor wheel
Machine (8) or heat exchanger (12).
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102015210156 | 2015-06-02 | ||
| DE102015210156.8 | 2015-06-02 | ||
| PCT/EP2016/058639 WO2016192887A1 (en) | 2015-06-02 | 2016-04-19 | Method for making a flow guiding unit cool down more slowly, and flow conducting unit |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN107683365A true CN107683365A (en) | 2018-02-09 |
Family
ID=55953107
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201680031907.1A Pending CN107683365A (en) | 2015-06-02 | 2016-04-19 | For the method and flowing guidance unit of the cooling for slowing down flowing guidance unit |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20180156076A1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP3283735A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2018524536A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR20180014812A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN107683365A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2016192887A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108777334A (en) * | 2018-05-02 | 2018-11-09 | 山东新合源热传输科技有限公司 | A kind of automatic cooling box, automatically cooling power battery pack and new-energy automobile |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102019210737A1 (en) * | 2019-07-19 | 2021-01-21 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Gas turbine with thermal energy storage, method of operation and method of modification |
| CN114542204B (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2023-10-31 | 内蒙古上都发电有限责任公司 | Steam turbine heat preservation shell |
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-
2016
- 2016-04-19 WO PCT/EP2016/058639 patent/WO2016192887A1/en active Application Filing
- 2016-04-19 CN CN201680031907.1A patent/CN107683365A/en active Pending
- 2016-04-19 EP EP16721368.5A patent/EP3283735A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2016-04-19 KR KR1020187000045A patent/KR20180014812A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2016-04-19 JP JP2017562717A patent/JP2018524536A/en not_active Ceased
- 2016-04-19 US US15/575,507 patent/US20180156076A1/en not_active Abandoned
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| EP2348199A2 (en) * | 2010-01-05 | 2011-07-27 | General Electric Company | Combined cycle system employing phase change material |
| US20110174240A1 (en) * | 2010-01-20 | 2011-07-21 | Alstom Technology Ltd. | Controlling variables in boiler pressure vessels |
| DE102011005122A1 (en) * | 2011-03-04 | 2012-09-06 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Steam turbine especially for solar thermal power plants |
| US20140137555A1 (en) * | 2012-11-20 | 2014-05-22 | Hyteresis, Inc. | Method and apparatus for electric co-firing of power generation plants |
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| CN108777334A (en) * | 2018-05-02 | 2018-11-09 | 山东新合源热传输科技有限公司 | A kind of automatic cooling box, automatically cooling power battery pack and new-energy automobile |
| CN108777334B (en) * | 2018-05-02 | 2023-12-08 | 山东新合源热传输科技有限公司 | Automatic cooling box, automatic cooling power battery pack and new energy automobile |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2018524536A (en) | 2018-08-30 |
| US20180156076A1 (en) | 2018-06-07 |
| EP3283735A1 (en) | 2018-02-21 |
| KR20180014812A (en) | 2018-02-09 |
| WO2016192887A1 (en) | 2016-12-08 |
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Application publication date: 20180209 |