CN107682434A - A kind of underwater sensor network framework and its implementation - Google Patents
A kind of underwater sensor network framework and its implementation Download PDFInfo
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- CN107682434A CN107682434A CN201710917890.6A CN201710917890A CN107682434A CN 107682434 A CN107682434 A CN 107682434A CN 201710917890 A CN201710917890 A CN 201710917890A CN 107682434 A CN107682434 A CN 107682434A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
- H04L69/30—Definitions, standards or architectural aspects of layered protocol stacks
- H04L69/32—Architecture of open systems interconnection [OSI] 7-layer type protocol stacks, e.g. the interfaces between the data link level and the physical level
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B13/00—Transmission systems characterised by the medium used for transmission, not provided for in groups H04B3/00 - H04B11/00
- H04B13/02—Transmission systems in which the medium consists of the earth or a large mass of water thereon, e.g. earth telegraphy
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
- H04L67/01—Protocols
- H04L67/12—Protocols specially adapted for proprietary or special-purpose networking environments, e.g. medical networks, sensor networks, networks in vehicles or remote metering networks
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of underwater sensor network framework and its implementation, this method to include：When node has data to send, the application layer that data first pass around protocol stack consigns to transport layer, data are carried out with reliability transmission end to end by the agreement of transport layer to handle, then Internet is consigned to still further below, the agreement of Internet encapsulates upper destination-address to data, and provide appropriate routing iinformation, it is further continued for consigning to MAC layer downwards, the agreement of MAC layer encapsulates the address of upper next-hop to data, and provide the method for sending the data to next node, physical layer is finally consigned to, data are modulated by physical layer, and is sent in the form of acoustical signal.This method had both provided pure layer architecture, while had cross layer design again, and cross layer design is most important to sensor network, because the performance of system is influenceed by each layer, and cross layer design can make each layer cooperate, to improve systematic function.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to underwater sensor network technical field, more particularly to a kind of underwater sensor network framework and in fact
Existing method.
Background technology
One of the difference of underwater sensor network (UWSN) between ground sensors network is communication modes.Acoustic communication
It is considered as the most practical methods of UWSN.Underwater acoustic channel generally has highly attenuating, long propagation delay, high bit-error and low available band
The characteristics of wide.Due to these features, the hypothesis that a part is widely accepted in ground sensors network is in UWSN and uncomfortable
With existing ground network agreement can not be used directly.In the past few years, academia and industrial quarters to UWSN interest increasingly
Increase.Many applications, procotol, equipment emerge one after another.But above-mentioned most of designs are all based on application-specific, they
Between be generally deficient of compatibility.Also, due to resource-constrained, the test platform of most of UWSN correlative studys is still limited to computer
Analogue simulation.So, because different hypothesis bases and platform difference, it is difficult to the different solutions based on same problem
Class is compared.
Therefore, the deficiency for more than, it is desirable to provide a kind of underwater sensor network framework and its implementation.
The content of the invention
(1) technical problems to be solved
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is that solve existing underwater sensor network framework to lack compatibility, Wu Fagen
The problem of being extended according to customer demand.
(2) technical scheme
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the invention provides a kind of underwater sensor network framework implementation method, including
Following steps：
When node has data to send, the data are sent to transport layer by the application layer of protocol stack, by the biography
The agreement of defeated layer carries out reliability transmission end to end to the data and handled, and is subsequently sent to Internet；
The agreement of the Internet gives data encapsulation upper destination-address, and provides optimal routing iinformation, then sends out
It is sent to the MAC layer；
Address of the agreement of the MAC layer to the upper next-hop of data encapsulation, and provide and send the data to down
The method of one node, is finally sent to physical layer；
The physical layer is modulated to the data, and is sent in the form of acoustical signal；
Queue management mechanism is realized between the application layer, transport layer, Internet, MAC layer and physical layer.
Further, it is further comprising the steps of：
When the next node receives the data, the handling process of the data is step described in claim 1
Reverse process；
It is further comprising the steps of：Routing iinformation and node in the data that the Internet extraction obtains from MAC layer
Positional information；
The pre-stored routing table is updated by the routing iinformation of acquisition, passes through the node of acquisition
Positional information is updated to the pre-stored position table.
It is using the beneficial effect of such scheme：Protocal layers have the division of labor of oneself, it is not necessary to know other layers of data
Handle details.By the way that the data processing operation of complexity is distributed into protocal layers, whole flow chart of data processing is apparent succinct, and
Transplantability is more preferable, is also convenient for the agreement that researcher develops each layer.The letter of the transmission path is determined according to the data of real-time Transmission
Breath, the efficiency of transmission of the transmission path is analyzed, while pre-stored routing table is updated according to routing iinformation, prevent the biography
The system still uses the transmission path data during defeated path transmission deterioration of efficiency.
Further, it is further comprising the steps of：
The delay when data that the user is inputted and destination receive the data of user's input is stored；
The packet loss for receiving the data is stored；
The packet error rate for receiving the data is stored；
The channel condition of underwater acoustic channel, transmit power and channel distribution are stored；
It is described to provide optimal routing iinformation, specifically include：According to the positional information of each node in the position table and in advance
The routing table of storage chooses optimal transmission paths.
It is using the above-mentioned further beneficial effect of scheme：The key message of each layer in data handling procedure is deposited
Storage, data interchange is carried out by perpendicular layers, it makes these information can be used for all layers of protocol stack, and this is also the body of cross layer design
It is existing；Cross layer design is most important to sensor network, because the performance of system is influenceed by each layer, and cross layer design can make each layer phase
Mutually coordinate, to improve systematic function.
Further, address of the agreement of the MAC layer to the upper next-hop of data encapsulation, and provide and send out the data
The method for giving next node, MAC layer realize a kind of improved ALOHA agreements, comprised the following steps：
S1, when the waiting list of the MAC layer receives the data, obtain underwater acoustic channel condition；
S2, judge whether the underwater acoustic channel is idle, be then, to perform S3；Otherwise, after being spaced preset time, S1 is performed；
S3, the data are sent to recipient by the underwater acoustic channel, and the ACK for waiting recipient to feed back；
S4, judge whether to receive the ACK, be then, to perform S5；Otherwise, S6 is performed；
S5, judge whether the ACK corresponds to the data, be then, to send successfully, by the data from the waiting list
Delete；Otherwise, S2 is performed；
S6, judge whether the transmission times of the data is equal to default maximum retransmission, be then, to perform S7；Otherwise,
Perform S8；
S7, abandon sending the data, the data are deleted from the waiting list；
S8, utilize back off algorithm execution S2；Perform S2's by the transmission times of the packet and using back off algorithm
Back off time is stored.
It is using the above-mentioned further beneficial effect of scheme：One is realized by the MAC layer in the protocol stack of the framework
Agreement, to verify the practicality of the framework and validity, it was demonstrated that the framework there is more than in theory stage, it may also be used for actual field
Jing Zhong.
Further, the physical layer is modulated to the data, and is sent in the form of acoustical signal；Also include following step
Suddenly：
A class index distributed digital loop is generated, is arrived using exponential distribution numeral as the data by the underwater acoustic channel
Up to the interval time of recipient；
The exponential distribution numeral is：
Wherein T is exponential distribution numeral, and U is uniformly distributed in section (0,1), and λ is that the packet pre-seted reaches remittance
The speed of poly- node.
It is using the above-mentioned further beneficial effect of scheme：When sending packet, preset interval time is set to carry out
Interval, makes data are regular to be transmitted, and improves efficiency of transmission.
The present invention also provides a kind of underwater sensor network framework for realizing the above method, including：Application layer, transport layer,
Internet, MAC layer and physical layer；The Internet includes：Routing table and position table；The physical layer includes：Underwater acoustic channel；
The application layer, for receiving the data of user's input；And it is sent to transport layer；
The transport layer, for splitting to the data, multiple packets are obtained, and the packet is made
Coded treatment, then the packet is sent to the management queue of the Internet；
The Internet, after obtaining the packet from the management queue according to queue management mechanism, give
The packet is plus routing iinformation and is packaged into packet, then the packet is sent to the wait of the MAC layer
Queue；
The MAC layer, according to its MTU, by the packet segmentation, and plus after MAC layer information, it will divide
Data envelope after cutting dresses up one or more second packets, and sends described the to recipient by the underwater acoustic channel
Two packets.
Further, the Internet also includes：Routing update module and location updating module, extraction is respectively used to from MAC
Routing iinformation in the data that layer obtains, the pre-stored routing table is carried out more by the routing iinformation of acquisition
Newly；The node location information in the data obtained from MAC layer is extracted, by the node location information of acquisition to described
Pre-stored position table is updated.
Further, the framework also includes：For the perpendicular layers of cross layer design, the perpendicular layers and application layer, transport layer, net
Network layers, MAC layer and physical layer are respectively connected, and for storing the key message of each layer, including storage purpose node is received by source
The channel condition of delay (end-to-end delay), packet loss, packet error rate, underwater acoustic channel during the data that node is sent, send
Power and Channel distribution mode；
The Internet, is specifically used for, according to the positional information of each node in the position table and the pre-stored road
Optimal transmission paths are chosen by table.
Further, the MAC layer is specifically used for, when the waiting list of the MAC layer receives second packet
When, obtain the underwater acoustic channel condition；Judge whether the underwater acoustic channel is idle, be then, by the underwater acoustic channel to reception
Side sends second packet, and the ACK for waiting recipient to feed back, and when receiving the ACK of feedback, judges the ACK
Whether second packet is corresponded to, if it is, data are sent successfully, by second packet from the waiting list
Delete, if not, resending second packet；Otherwise, judge second packet transmission times whether
Equal to default maximum retransmission, if it is, abandon sending second packet, by second packet from institute
Waiting list deletion is stated, if not, resending second packet using back off algorithm, and second data are divided
The transmission times of group and the back off time of second packet is resend using back off algorithm it is stored in the perpendicular layers
In.
Further, the physical layer also includes：Poisson traffic generator, the Poisson traffic generator generate a class index
Distributed digital loop, pass through exponential distribution numeral as second packet between underwater acoustic channel arrival recipient
Every the time；
The exponential distribution numeral is：
Wherein T is exponential distribution numeral, and U is uniformly distributed in section (0,1), and λ is that the packet pre-seted reaches remittance
The speed of poly- node.
(3) beneficial effect
The above-mentioned technical proposal of the present invention has the following advantages that compared with prior art：This method had both provided pure layering frame
Structure, while have cross layer design again, cross layer design is most important to sensor network, because the performance of system is influenceed by each layer, and
Cross layer design can make each layer cooperate, to improve systematic function.And the present invention is by constructing a underwater sensor network
Framework, the development of underwater sensor network research and the demand of practical application are taken into account, its scalability and flexibility can fit
Answer the fast development of submerged applications and the update of bottom physical equipment.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of underwater sensor network framework implementation method schematic flow sheet provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is a kind of underwater sensor network framework implementation method schematic flow sheet one provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is a kind of underwater sensor network framework implementation method schematic flow sheet two provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is a kind of underwater sensor network architectural configurations schematic diagram provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is a kind of underwater sensor network architectural configurations schematic diagram one provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
To make the purpose, technical scheme and advantage of the embodiment of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention
In accompanying drawing, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is
The part of the embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, ordinary skill people
The every other embodiment that member is obtained on the premise of creative work is not made, belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
As shown in figure 1, a kind of underwater sensor network framework implementation method schematic flow sheet provided in an embodiment of the present invention,
Comprise the following steps：
When node has data to send, the data are sent to transport layer by the application layer of protocol stack, by the biography
The agreement of defeated layer carries out reliability transmission end to end to the data and handled, and is subsequently sent to Internet；
The agreement of the Internet gives data encapsulation upper destination-address, and provides optimal routing iinformation, then sends out
It is sent to the MAC layer；
Address of the agreement of the MAC layer to the upper next-hop of data encapsulation, and provide and send the data to down
The method of one node, is finally sent to physical layer；
The physical layer is modulated to the data, and is sent in the form of acoustical signal；
Queue management mechanism is realized between the application layer, transport layer, Internet, MAC layer and physical layer.
In above-described embodiment, to the data of user's input, transport layer is split and encoded as requested, is subsequently sent to
The management queue of Internet, Internet extract packet according to the priority of packet in queue from queue successively, and according to
Routing table chooses best route information, is then encapsulated into packet, and delivers a packet to the waiting list of MAC layer,
MAC layer is waited to be transmitted, MAC obtains the channel condition of underwater acoustic channel, in the underwater acoustic channel free time, is obtained from waiting list
Packet is transmitted, and prevents data transmission conflict.
Preferably, the implementation method of the framework is further comprising the steps of：
When the next node receives the data, the handling process of the data is step described in claim 1
Reverse process；
The implementation method of the framework is further comprising the steps of：In the data that the Internet extraction obtains from MAC layer
Routing iinformation and node location information；
The pre-stored routing table is updated by the routing iinformation of acquisition, passes through the node of acquisition
Positional information is updated to the pre-stored position table.
In above-described embodiment, the routing iinformation of the transmission path is determined according to the data of real-time Transmission, analyzes the transmission road
The efficiency of transmission in footpath, while pre-stored routing table is updated according to routing iinformation, prevent the transmission path efficiency
The system still uses the transmission path data during variation.
Preferably, it is further comprising the steps of：
The delay when data that the user is inputted and destination receive the data of user's input is stored；
The packet loss for receiving the data is stored；
The packet error rate for receiving the data is stored；
The channel condition of underwater acoustic channel, transmit power and channel distribution are stored；
It is described to provide optimal routing iinformation, specifically include：According to the positional information of each node in the position table and in advance
The routing table of storage chooses optimal transmission paths.
In above-described embodiment, the significant data in data transmission procedure is stored, it is mutual to carry out data by perpendicular layers
Logical, it makes system information can be used for all layers of protocol stack, and this is also the embodiment of cross layer design；Transmission node in underwater acoustic channel
Position is not fixed, and the position of each node of underwater acoustic channel is obtained while positive transmission data, and to the position for positioning service
Put table to be updated, convenient in network layer handles data, the path optimal to data decimation, protocal layers have point of oneself
Work, it is not necessary to know other layers of data processing details.By the way that the data processing operation of complexity is distributed into protocal layers, whole number
It is apparent succinct according to handling process, and transplantability is more preferable, is also convenient for the agreement that researcher develops each layer.
As shown in Figure 2, it is preferred that address of the agreement of the MAC layer to the upper next-hop of data encapsulation, and provide by
The method that the data are sent to next node, MAC layer realize a kind of improved ALOHA agreements, comprised the following steps：
S1, when the waiting list of the MAC layer receives the data, obtain underwater acoustic channel condition；
S2, judge whether the underwater acoustic channel is idle, be then, to perform S3；Otherwise, after being spaced preset time, S1 is performed；
S3, the data are sent to recipient by the underwater acoustic channel, and the ACK for waiting recipient to feed back；
S4, judge whether to receive the ACK, be then, to perform S5；Otherwise, S6 is performed；
S5, judge whether the ACK corresponds to the data, be then, to send successfully, by the data from the waiting list
Delete；Otherwise, S2 is performed；
S6, judge whether the transmission times of the data is equal to default maximum retransmission, be then, to perform S7；Otherwise,
Perform S8；
S7, abandon sending the data, the data are deleted from the waiting list；
S8, utilize back off algorithm execution S2；Perform S2's by the transmission times of the packet and using back off algorithm
Back off time is stored.
In above-mentioned fact Example, when being carried out data transmission by physical layer, when recipient receives packet, to transmission
Square feeding back ACK is confirmed, it is ensured that packet is properly received by recipient, and the ACK from recipient is not received in sender
When, whether the number that sender judges to send exceedes preset value, when not less than preset value, resends packet to reception
Side, improves the integrality of final data, an agreement is realized by the MAC layer in the protocol stack of the framework, to verify this
The practicality and validity of structure, it was demonstrated that the framework there is more than in theory stage, it may also be used in actual scene, ALOHA agreements
Succession CSMA/CD with it is that random access or competition send agreement.Random access means all can not to any station
It is expected that at the time of its transmission；Competition sends the right to use for the station free competition channel for referring to all transmissions.
As shown in figure 3, corresponding, recipient receives the process of data, by the monitoring to channel, receives what is listened to
Data, and send ACK in channel idle and provide feedback to sender.
Preferably, the physical layer is modulated to the data, and is sent in the form of acoustical signal；Also include following step
Suddenly：
A class index distributed digital loop is generated, is arrived using exponential distribution numeral as the data by the underwater acoustic channel
Up to the interval time of recipient；
The exponential distribution numeral is：
Wherein T is exponential distribution numeral, and U is uniformly distributed in section (0,1), and λ is that the packet pre-seted reaches remittance
The speed of poly- node.
In above-described embodiment, when sending packet, set preset interval time to enter between-line spacing, make data regular
It is transmitted, improves efficiency of transmission.
As shown in figure 4, present invention also offers a kind of underwater sensor network architectural configurations schematic diagram, including：Application layer,
Transport layer, Internet, MAC layer and physical layer；Internet includes：Routing table；Physical layer includes：Underwater acoustic channel；
The application layer, for receiving the data of user's input；And it is sent to transport layer；Application layer is mainly responsible for different masters
The communication between process on machine；After processing by the agreement realized on the application layer, the data of generation pass through pseudo- BSD sockets
Interface consigns to transport layer；
The transport layer, for splitting to the data, multiple packets are obtained, and the packet is made
Coded treatment, then the packet is sent to the management queue of the Internet；Transport layer major function be to
Family provides reliable end-to-end (End-to-End) service, and it shields the details of lower data communication to high level；
The Internet, after obtaining the packet from the management queue according to queue management mechanism, give
The packet is plus routing iinformation, destination-address information etc. and is packaged into packet, then sends the packet
Waiting list to the MAC layer；Internet major function is to transmit to create logical links between node for data, passes through road
It is that data select optimal path by the transmission of source node to destination node by selection algorithm, and realizes congestion control, net
The functions such as network interconnection；
The MAC layer, according to its MTU, by the packet segmentation, and plus after MAC layer information, it will divide
Data envelope after cutting dresses up one or more second packets, and second packet then is sent into physical layer；
MAC layer major function is that solve the transmission of point-to-point, i.e., how data is correctly efficiently transferred into next node, including solve
The problems such as conflict of shared channel；
The physical layer is modulated to data, and is sent in the form of acoustical signal, is finally completed data transmission；Physical layer master
It is to provide physical media for data transfer to want function, and masks the details of physical equipment and transmission medium as much as possible, with drop
Low coupling between layers, improve the portability and scalability of system.
Preferably, the Internet also includes：Routing update module and location updating module, extraction is respectively used to from MAC
Routing iinformation in the data that layer obtains, the pre-stored routing table is carried out more by the routing iinformation of acquisition
Newly；The node location information in the data obtained from MAC layer is extracted, by the node location information of acquisition to described
Pre-stored position table is updated.
As shown in figure 5, a kind of underwater sensor network architectural configurations schematic diagram provided in an embodiment of the present invention first, it is preferred that
, the framework also includes：For the perpendicular layers of cross layer design, the perpendicular layers and application layer, transport layer, Internet, MAC layer and
Physical layer respectively connects, and for storing the key message of each layer, including storage purpose node receives the number sent by source node
According to when delay (end-to-end delay), packet loss, packet error rate, the channel condition of underwater acoustic channel, transmit power and channel point
With mode；Cross layer design is most important to sensor network.First, the energy consumption of system is influenceed by each layer, each layer should be mutual
Coordinate to reduce the energy consumption of whole system.Second, in the serious network channel of a decay, cross layer design can be carried preferably
High-throughput.Physical layer is the channel condition information, power information, channel allocation information that other layers provide such as BER；
Data link layer (MAC layer) provides number of retransmissions information, back off time information；Internet provide mobile ip handoff start/
Ending message；Transport layer provides packet error rate；Application layer provides acceptable delay and packet loss information；User level provides
The behavior of user and postpone end to end.
Also include in Internet：Position table for positioning service；MAC layer, it is additionally operable to obtain and is respectively transmitted in underwater acoustic channel
The positional information of node, and it is sent to Internet；
Internet is updated to the position table of pre-stored transmission node；
The Internet, is specifically used for, according to the positional information of each node in the position table and the pre-stored road
Optimal transmission paths are chosen by table.
Preferably, the MAC layer is specifically used for, when the waiting list of the MAC layer receives second packet
When, obtain the underwater acoustic channel condition；Judge whether the underwater acoustic channel is idle, be then, by the underwater acoustic channel to reception
Side sends second packet, and the ACK for waiting recipient to feed back, and when receiving the ACK of feedback, judges the ACK
Whether second packet is corresponded to, if it is, data are sent successfully, by second packet from the waiting list
Delete, if not, resending second packet；Otherwise, judge second packet transmission times whether
Equal to default maximum retransmission, if it is, abandon sending second packet, by second packet from institute
Waiting list deletion is stated, if not, resending second packet using back off algorithm, and second data are divided
The transmission times of group and the back off time of second packet is resend using back off algorithm it is stored in the perpendicular layers
In, the function idiographic flow is that whether monitor channel is idle, under entering if idle when upper-layer protocol has data to send
One process data if channel occupancy enter waiting list.After sending packet, this ACK being grouped is waited to feed back.Such as
Fruit is properly received the ACK of current data packet, it is meant that current data is grouped the receiving end reception that succeeded, then to be sent
Packet queue in delete the data of this packet, and wait and send task next time.If the ACK received is not to be directed to this
Packet is sent, then current data packet is resend until channel idle, retransmission processes, which continue to, receives correct ACK
Untill, if it exceeds maximum retransmission, will abandon the packet of this secondary transmission, equally delete to be sent during this
The data of this packet, corresponding in packet queue, and recipient receives the process of packet.By the monitoring to channel, connect
The packet heard is taken into custody, and sends ACK in channel idle and provides feedback to sender.
Preferably, the physical layer also includes：Poisson traffic generator, the Poisson traffic generator generate a class index
Distributed digital loop, pass through exponential distribution numeral as second packet between underwater acoustic channel arrival recipient
Every the time；
The exponential distribution numeral is：
Wherein T is exponential distribution numeral, and U is uniformly distributed in section (0,1), and λ is that the packet pre-seted reaches remittance
The speed of poly- node；We set packet reach aggregation node speed be λ.And increase the quantity of sending node by 1 to
5, measuring system handling capacity.We test MAC protocol under two kinds of scenes：In the case of the first, the generation of system conceptual data
Speed is fixed, and shares each node equally.If for example, an only sending node, data arrival rate is λ；
If N number of sending node, then the data arrival rate of each sending node isIn the case of second, individual node has solid
Fixed data arrival rate λ, if so N number of node is sent, system total data arrival rate is N λ；In the first situation
Under, system total data arrival rate is identical.Using 80bps modem, sending a packet at least needs 3.2
(transport data packets to the channel)+ε seconds, ε includes the expenses such as the mode switch time of modem, therefore maximum arrival rate should
Less than 1/3.2=0.3125.When MAC protocol works, extra expense can be introduced.Sender needs to wait ACK or time-out.
At its best, it is necessary to 2 × (3.2+ ε), so system maximum possible handling capacity is further reduced to
So the λ upper limit isIn this test, total λ is arranged to 0.1 by us, it means that average every 10 seconds
Send a packet.This means maximum system throughput is equal to 25.6bps.Throughput of system with the increase of sending node and
Decline (the first situation).But sending node more than 3 when, the difference very little of two kinds of situations.Because system connects
The upper limit of the nearly underwater acoustic channel utilization rate.
Finally it should be noted that：The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than its limitations；Although
The present invention is described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those within the art that：It still may be used
To be modified to the technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitution is carried out to which part technical characteristic；
And these modification or replace, do not make appropriate technical solution essence depart from various embodiments of the present invention technical scheme spirit and
Scope.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of underwater sensor network framework implementation method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
When node has data to send, the data are sent to transport layer by the application layer of protocol stack, by the transport layer
Agreement to the data carry out end to end reliability transmission handle, be subsequently sent to Internet；
The agreement of the Internet gives data encapsulation upper destination-address, and provides optimal routing iinformation, re-sends to
The MAC layer；
Address of the agreement of the MAC layer to the upper next-hop of data encapsulation, and provide and send the data to next section
The method of point, is finally sent to physical layer；
The physical layer is modulated to the data, and is sent in the form of acoustical signal；
Queue management mechanism is realized between the application layer, transport layer, Internet, MAC layer and physical layer.
2. a kind of underwater sensor network framework implementation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that also including following
Step：
When the next node receives the data, the handling process of the data is the inverse of step described in claim 1
To process；
It is further comprising the steps of：Routing iinformation and node location in the data that the Internet extraction obtains from MAC layer
Information；
The pre-stored routing table is updated by the routing iinformation of acquisition, passes through the node location of acquisition
Information is updated to the pre-stored position table.
3. a kind of underwater sensor network framework implementation method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that also including following
Step：
The delay when data that the user is inputted and destination receive the data of user's input is stored；
The packet loss for receiving the data is stored；
The packet error rate for receiving the data is stored；
The channel condition of underwater acoustic channel, transmit power and channel distribution are stored；
It is described to provide optimal routing iinformation, specifically include：According to the positional information of each node in the position table and it is pre-stored
The routing table choose optimal transmission paths.
A kind of 4. underwater sensor network framework implementation method according to any one of claim 1-3, it is characterised in that
Address of the agreement of the MAC layer to the upper next-hop of data encapsulation, and provide and send the data to next node
Method, MAC layer realize a kind of improved ALOHA agreements, comprised the following steps：
S1, when the waiting list of the MAC layer receives the data, obtain underwater acoustic channel condition；
S2, judge whether the underwater acoustic channel is idle, be then, to perform S3；Otherwise, after being spaced preset time, S1 is performed；
S3, the data are sent to recipient by the underwater acoustic channel, and the ACK for waiting recipient to feed back；
S4, judge whether to receive the ACK, be then, to perform S5；Otherwise, S6 is performed；
S5, judge whether the ACK corresponds to the data, be then, to send successfully, the data are deleted from the waiting list
Remove；Otherwise, S2 is performed；
S6, judge whether the transmission times of the data is equal to default maximum retransmission, be then, to perform S7；Otherwise, perform
S8；
S7, abandon sending the data, the data are deleted from the waiting list；
S8, utilize back off algorithm execution S2；Keeping out of the way for S2 is performed by the transmission times of the packet and using back off algorithm
Time is stored.
A kind of 5. underwater sensor network framework implementation method according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the physical layer
The data are modulated, and sent in the form of acoustical signal；It is further comprising the steps of：
A class index distributed digital loop is generated, exponential distribution numeral is reached as the data by the underwater acoustic channel and connect
The interval time of debit；
The exponential distribution numeral is：
Wherein T is exponential distribution numeral, and U is uniformly distributed in section (0,1), and λ is that the packet pre-seted reaches convergence section
The speed of point.
A kind of 6. underwater sensor network framework, it is characterised in that including：Application layer, transport layer, Internet, MAC layer and physics
Layer；The Internet includes：Routing table and position table；The physical layer includes：Underwater acoustic channel；
The application layer, for receiving the data of user's input；And it is sent to transport layer；
The transport layer, for splitting to the data, multiple packets are obtained, and the packet is encoded
The packet, is then sent to the management queue of the Internet by processing；
The Internet, after obtaining the packet from the management queue according to queue management mechanism, to described
Packet is plus routing iinformation and is packaged into packet, then the packet is sent to the waiting list of the MAC layer；
The MAC layer, according to its MTU, by the packet segmentation, and plus after MAC layer information, after segmentation
Data envelope dress up one or more second packets, and second number is sent to recipient by the underwater acoustic channel
According to packet.
7. a kind of underwater sensor network framework according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the Internet also includes：
Routing update module and location updating module, the routing iinformation being respectively used in the data that extraction obtains from MAC layer, pass through
The routing iinformation obtained is updated to the pre-stored routing table；Extract in the data obtained from MAC layer
Node location information, the pre-stored position table is updated by the node location information of acquisition.
8. a kind of underwater sensor network framework according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the framework also includes：For
The perpendicular layers of cross layer design, the perpendicular layers are respectively connected with application layer, transport layer, Internet, MAC layer and physical layer, are used
In the key message for storing each layer, including delay when storage purpose node receives the data sent by source node is (end-to-end
Delay), packet loss, packet error rate, the channel condition of underwater acoustic channel, transmit power and Channel distribution mode；
The Internet, is specifically used for, according to the positional information of each node in the position table and the pre-stored routing table
Choose optimal transmission paths.
A kind of 9. underwater sensor network framework according to any one of claim 8, it is characterised in that the MAC layer
It is specifically used for, when the waiting list of the MAC layer receives second packet, obtains the underwater acoustic channel condition；
Judge whether the underwater acoustic channel is idle, be then, second packet to be sent to recipient by the underwater acoustic channel, and
The ACK of recipient's feedback is waited, when receiving the ACK of feedback, judges whether the ACK corresponds to second packet,
If it is, data are sent successfully, second packet is deleted from the waiting list, if not, resending described
Second packet；Otherwise, judge whether the transmission times of second packet is equal to default maximum retransmission, such as
Fruit is to abandon sending second packet, second packet is deleted from the waiting list, if not, sharp
Second packet is resend with back off algorithm, and the transmission times of second packet and utilization are kept out of the way into calculation
The back off time that method resends second packet is stored in the perpendicular layers.
10. a kind of underwater sensor network framework according to claim 6 characterized in that,
The physical layer also includes：Poisson traffic generator, the Poisson traffic generator generate a class index distributed digital loop, will
The exponential distribution numeral reaches the interval time of recipient as second packet by the underwater acoustic channel；It is described
Exponential distribution numeral is：
<mrow>
<mi>T</mi>
<mo>=</mo>
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<mo>-</mo>
<mi>l</mi>
<mi>n</mi>
<mi> </mi>
<mi>U</mi>
</mrow>
<mi>&lambda;</mi>
</mfrac>
<mo>;</mo>
</mrow>
Wherein T is exponential distribution numeral, and U is uniformly distributed in section (0,1), and λ is that the packet pre-seted reaches convergence section
The speed of point.
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