CN107317707A - A kind of SDN topological management method based on vertex covering set - Google Patents
A kind of SDN topological management method based on vertex covering set Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
- H04L41/12—Discovery or management of network topologies
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of SDN topological management method based on vertex covering set.Using the method optimized to network topology structure, network topology structure is managed using minimum network overhead.The topological structure of whole network is obtained by the network topology management module in controller, then it is abstract and be simplified to non-directed graph, obtain the minimum vertex covering set of the number of degrees, as far as possible reduce network topology management during measurement point quantity, so as to reduce the quantity of measurement data bag, the purpose that management is optimized to network topology structure is reached.This method makes controller be managed network topology, the each interchanger periodically into network is no longer needed to send LLDP messages, not only reduce the quantity of the Packet Out message of the carrying LLDP messages of controller transmission, and greatly reduce monitoring quantity of the controller to corresponding Packet In message, saved for controller for handling the ability of other network work, and then improved the operational efficiency of network.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of SDN topology of vertex covering set minimum based on number of degrees sum in network topology structure
Structure optimization management method.
Background technology
SDN（Software defined network）It is a kind of new network architecture, its design concept is by the control in legacy network
Face processed carries out decoupling, the network control planes of realization truly and point of data forwarding plane with data forwarding plane
From, and to third party provide can software programming interface, realization network is really managed by software.OpenFlow agreements
It is a kind of southbound interface standard of popular SDN frameworks, defines the Message Processing of some chains of command and data forwarding face
Rule, the SDN based on OpenFlow agreements is the implementation of relative maturity under present case, specification control plane with
The detailed message communicating rule of data forwarding plane.
OpenFlow agreements are the standards transmitted between controller and OpenFlow interchangers in the network architecture based on SDN
And specification, it is also the two used interface standard when interacting.OpenFlow agreements mainly support following three kinds
The message of type, i.e. controller-to-switch type of messages, asynchronous type of messages and symmetric disappear
Cease type.Wherein each type of message is made up of many sub- message again.Controller-to-switch message is responsible for control
Device is generally actively initiated, main function is that the state of exchange is inquired about to the message transmission between interchanger by controller
It is managed with to interchanger；Asynchronous message is also known as asynchronous message, its main function be by network event with
And the information notification controller such as the state change of interchanger.Symmetric message is symmetric message, and controller and interchanger can
Actively initiate the message.
Link Layer Discovery Protocol (Link Layer Discovery Protocol LLDP) is to be used in SDN find
The agreement of link between the network equipment.LLDP agreements allow access network an equipment by its main ability, management
Address, device identification, the information such as interface identifier is sent to the miscellaneous equipment for accessing same LAN.When an equipment is from net
When these information of miscellaneous equipment are received in network, it is just stored these information in the form of MIB.These mib informations
Physical topological structure and managing configuration information available for discovering device.It is provided on network topology and management configuration
Information, these information can be used for the purpose for managing, configuring.It is ethernet network device, such as interchanger, router and
Wireless local network connecting point defines a kind of method of standard, its other node into network is announced the presence of itself,
And preserve the discovery information of each nearby device.The details such as device configuration and equipment identification can be entered with the agreement
Row bulletin.Specifically, LLDP defines a general notice information collection, the agreement and one kind of a transmission bulletin and is used for storing
The method of the notice information received.A plurality of notice information can be placed on one local netting index by announcing the equipment of self information
According to being transmitted in bag, the form of transmission is type lengths values（TLV）Domain.This agreement is very ripe, has also been a really mark
Standard, and its information that can show also not only only information of the interference networks architecture from different suppliers.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are to carry out net for controller in SDN framework emerging at present
The problem of resource consumption is excessive during network Topology Management.During network is normally run, in optimization network topology structure
Measurement point, the measured message that produces when carrying out Topology Discovery with management is reduced as far as possible, and then reduce network traffics.Optimization is calculated
The thought of method is the thought based on greedy algorithm, then adds the vertex covering set that certain strategy guarantee is obtained in solution procedure
Total number of degrees sum is minimum.Accomplish on the premise of ensureing that controller can grasp network topology structure in real time, to reduce Internet resources
Consumption and improve controller operational efficiency.
The present invention has been obtained to network topology according to the characteristics of the vertex covering set combination SDN Topology Discovery of non-directed graph
The method for optimizing management, according to network topology management method of the present invention, when discovering network topology is carried out such as
Fruit finds the vertex covering set that this network topology structure abstracts non-directed graph, it is possible to ensure what is sent in network discovery process
LLDP messages are minimum.But because to find every a line in the link of whole network, non-directed graph, at least to use one
It is secondary, so the quantity for being at least the link in network for the Packet-In message of link discovery is monitored and handled to controller,
That is the number of vertex that vertex covering is concentrated is more few better, in the case where ensureing all to be capped per a line, covering is repeated
The quantity on side is more few better.
The present invention proposes a kind of based on a network topology management new method for covering.Previously used method is not right
Discovery point in network is optimized, but global monitoring, although ensure that controller to network topology structure global view
Ability, but need into network inject great quantities of spare message and OpenFlow message, do not only take up interchanger and control
The resource of device, is also consumed by the transfer resource of south orientation coffret, causes the waste of Internet resources.The present invention is using to network topology
The method that structure is optimized, tries hard to be managed network topology structure using minimum network overhead.By in controller
Network topology management module obtain the topological structure of whole network, it is then abstract and be simplified to non-directed graph, with institute of the present invention
One kind of proposition is based on greedy algorithm thought, and adds the tactful minimum number of degrees sum of Minimum Vertex Covering concentration for ensureing to obtain most
It is small.Network topology is calculated with the method, a topological structure for covering is obtained.Then the link in trigger controller is sent out
Existing module carries out link discovery to selected network topology, can equally reach the purpose that Topology Management is carried out to whole network.
In implementation process, we also have devised different network topology structure and network environment to verify net proposed by the invention
The validity of network topology structure management method.Although under different network topologies, the method that the present invention is acted on is excellent to network
The degree of change is different, but on the whole for, method therefor of the present invention can be used for the number of Topology Management in network is reduced
According to the situation of message, the purpose being managed to network topology structure is reached, the side for alloing controller to be used according to the present invention
Method is managed to network topology, it is no longer necessary to which each interchanger periodically into network sends LLDP messages, not only
The quantity of the Packet-Out message of the carrying LLDP messages of controller transmission is reduced, and greatly reduces controller to phase
The monitoring quantity for the Packet-In message answered, is that controller has been saved for handling the ability of other network work, and then improve
The operational efficiency of network.
Proposed by the invention is divided into three below mould based on a workflow for the SDN topological management method of covering
Block：
1st, initial network topology structure acquisition module；
2nd, the minimum vertex covering set algorithm design module of the number of degrees；
3rd, topological computing module；
First, Topology Management module of the initial network topology discovery module in controller obtains the topological structure of whole network
Information.Then, topology information is abstracted into non-directed graph by the minimum vertex covering set algoritic module of the number of degrees, calculates this non-directed graph most
Small vertex covering set.Finally, topological computing module is counted again according to the minimum vertices covering set pair whole network topological structure calculated
Calculate, accomplish the purpose being managed with the number of degrees of minimum network node to whole network topological structure.
These three modules are illustrated below：
First, initial network topology structure acquisition module
In order to obtain the topology information of Exist Network Structure, the link discovery management module of controller is periodically to being attached thereto
Interchanger send and carry LLDP, Link Layer Discovery Protocol, the Packet-Out message of message works as friendship
Change planes to receive and carried out broadcast transmission after the LLDP messages from controller, when the interchanger being attached thereto receives LLDP reports
Controller is returned to by Packet-In message after text, by such process, link discovery module is known that at the two
There is link between interchanger, and the data surface ID and port numbers of corresponding interchanger are recorded, send Topology Management to
Module, extends to whole network, and controller just obtains the topological structure of whole network by means of which；
In SDN structure, controller possesses the network topological information of the overall situation, and according to the REST API of its offer, network
Administrative staff and application developer obtain the information of overall network topology, during implementing, and are provided by controller
DLL obtain network topological structure, carry out network topology optimum management, and monitor the Port- from interchanger
Status message, once the information of port or the network equipment is found wherein comprising increase port or the network equipment and deletes,
Just network topology is recalculated, implementation procedure then is to carry out abstract processing to obtained topological structure, each
Interchanger in network is abstracted into the summit in a non-directed graph, and opposite vertexes are numbered with interchanger during abstract,
One-to-one corresponding is reached, then the link between interchanger is abstracted into the side of non-directed graph, during implementing, we use
Be corresponding relation that two-dimensional array carries out storage node and side, put 1 have side between node, boundless setting to 0 is preserved.
2nd, the minimum vertex covering set algorithm design module of the number of degrees
The vertex covering set algorithm design module of non-directed graph is calculated, the minimum point covering of the number of degrees in topology diagram can be calculated
Collection, algorithm idea is mainly the thought from greedy algorithm, but has certain difference with greedy algorithm, is finding point covering
Process adds certain strategy, exactly when being chosen to the summit with identical degree, node when tracing back to initial
Degree is calculated, it is therefore an objective to ensured in the case where obtaining vertex covering set, the number of degrees sum minimum of institute a little, in implementation process
The situation for repeating to cover side is reduced as far as possible.The realization of algorithm is described as follows：
（1）Sorted in descending order according to degree of vertex opposite vertexes in non-directed graph, then choose the most summit of the number of degrees, delete simultaneously
Except the side associated with this summit.
（2）If running into there are multiple number of degrees identical summits to choose, compare the number of degrees of these summits before selection,
It assign the less summit of the number of degrees under this state as the summit of selection.
（3）If tracing back to original state and the initial number of degrees being identical, randomly select summit and scan for, then from every
The total number of degrees for the result that individual possible summit is waited until are compared, and are chosen the minimum search result of number of degrees sum and are used as problem
Solution.
The minimum vertex covering set of the algorithm number of degrees
The algorithm of this solution point covering is designed compared with greedy algorithm, and identical point is, in the case where the number of degrees are different, to make and working as
Before in the case of best selection, be a kind of strategy of local optimum.Difference is will when the degree of vertex to be chosen is identical
The less summit of the number of degrees is chosen under primary condition, it is ensured that the overall number of degrees are minimum, and this is a kind of global optimisation strategy, this
The reason for invention proposes this tactful is to speed up the purpose of algorithm search, the effect for making solution procedure want to reach towards us
Carry out, this effect is exactly that the quantity on the side that vertex covering is concentrated is reduced on the premise of vertex covering is ensured.
3rd, topological computing module
After the Minimum Vertex Covering of network topology is obtained, the link discovery module (Link-Discovery) in controller
As long as sending LLDP messages to the interchanger obtained by calculating and can just calculate control with reference to corresponding Packet-In message
The network topology structure that device processed is covered.Shown in one simple structure of calculating process accompanying drawing 3：Figure (a) in have 9 summits and
8 sides, if do not use it is any strategy carry out Topology Management, controller need send 9 LLDP messages and receive 16 it is right
The Packet-In message answered could complete the Topology Management work of this network.But pass through after vertex covering algorithm optimization, such as
Scheme (b) shown in, controller only need to thereto heart summit send a LLDP message and handle 8 Packet-In message can
To complete same Topology Management work.It can be seen that the network topological method by optimization can reduce controller and be opened up in network
Flutter during management, the quantity of processing message and message, so as to save Internet resources.
The advantage of the invention is that：Different network topology structure and network environment is have devised to verify that the present invention is carried
The validity of the network topology structure management method gone out.Although under different network topologies, the method pair that the present invention is acted on
The degree of the network optimization is different, but on the whole for, method therefor of the present invention can be used for topology pipe in network is reduced
The situation of the data message of reason, reaches the purpose being managed to network topology structure, allows controller right according to the present invention
Network topology is managed, it is no longer necessary to which each interchanger periodically into network sends LLDP messages, not only reduces
The quantity of the Packet-Out message for the carrying LLDP messages that controller is sent, and controller is greatly reduced to corresponding
The monitoring quantity of Packet-In message, is that controller has been saved for handling the ability of other network work, and then improve network
Operational efficiency.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is SDN topological management methods workflow diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the fat Tree-structure Model figure of data center that the present invention is used；
Fig. 3 is topological calculated example figure of the invention；
Fig. 4 is the ad hoc network topology diagram used during the present invention is tested；
Fig. 5 is results contrast figure before and after ad hoc network topological structure optimization of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the graph of a relation between optimization efficiency of the present invention and topology information；
Fig. 7 is ad hoc network topology information and related experiment result；
Fig. 8 is general networking topology information and related experiment result.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further details below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is topological management method workflow diagram of the present invention.As can be seen from the figure in SDN proposed by the present invention
In topology structure management method, it is necessary first to current network topology structure is obtained from controller.This process can be in net
Carried out after the completion of network initialization, because controller can by sending LLDP Receive messages, it be covered in network initialization procedure
Whole network topological structure.Go back in addition otherwise the Port-Status message from interchanger is monitored, if it find that
Topological structure changes within a management cycle will update the topological structure of acquisition at once.Then tied according to the topology of acquisition
Structure takes out the abstract side in figure of link between corresponding non-directed graph, the abstract summit in figure of interchanger, interchanger.Connect
The minimum vertex covering set of the number of degrees that this non-directed graph is calculated according to the optimized algorithm that uses of the present invention, complete after calculating again
Point in vertex covering set is reduced into the interchanger in network.The point that controller is only needed into these vertex covering sets sends LLDP reports
Text, then calculates the topological structure of whole network, so can not only reduce the Packet-Out message containing LLDP messages
Traffic volume, and the reception amount of its corresponding Packet-In message can be greatly reduced, and then reach the mesh for reducing network traffics
's.
Fig. 2 is to have 10 exchanges in fat tree (Fat-Tree) structural model of a typical data center network, figure
Machine, has 16 links to be connected between interchanger and interchanger.According to the link discovery of controller rule, in each Topology Discovery
In cycle, controller needs to send 10 Packet-Out message containing LLDP messages to respective switch, by broadcast
Afterwards, controller can receive 32 message for encapsulating LLDP, so that it is determined that the topological structure of this network.Therefrom it is not difficult to find out,
The quantity containing LLDP message Packet-Out message sent is needed to be equal to the interchanger quantity in network, it is necessary to the envelope received
The Packet-In message of dress LLDP messages is 2 times of link in network quantity, that is to say, that controller needs to monitor and processing 2
The Packet-In message of times network link, this, which will have a strong impact on controller and monitor and handle other type Packet-In, disappears
The ability of breath, reduces the performance of network to a certain extent.
Fig. 3 is a simple topological structure calculating process figure.There are 9 summits and 8 sides in figure (a), if do not adopted
Topology Management is carried out with any strategy, then controller needs to send 9 LLDP messages and receive 16 corresponding Packet-In to disappear
Breath could complete the Topology Management work of this network.But pass through after vertex covering algorithm optimization, such as shown in figure (b), control
Device, which only needs to 8 Packet-In message of heart summit one LLDP message of transmission and processing thereto, can just complete same open up
Flutter management work.It can be seen that the network topological method by optimization can reduce controller during network topology management,
The quantity of message and message is handled, so as to save Internet resources.
Fig. 4 is that several typical network topology structures are tested, and they are respectively：Star topology, ring topology
The topological structure of structure, tree topology and complete pattern.Corresponding network topology knot is constructed first by Mininet
Structure, then statistics controller the quantity of LLDP packets, Ran Houying are sent and received during these topological structures are managed
Vertex covering set solution is carried out to each topological structure with the algorithm of solution vertex covering set proposed by the present invention, in each topology
By reaching the purpose being managed to whole topological structure to the management of these points solved in structure.
Fig. 5 is the results contrast figure before and after four kinds of ad hoc network topological structure optimizations.As can be seen from the figure institute of the present invention
The topological management method stated has obvious advantage in the quantitative aspects for reducing packet of the controller for carrying out Topology Management,
Reach and correct management both has been carried out to network topology structure, the purpose of management data packet number is reduced again, can be with more
Saving controller resource, reduce controller processing work so that reach improve network operation efficiency purpose.
Fig. 6 is the graph of a relation between optimization efficiency and topology information.Found in experimentation, the chain in topological structure
The ratio between way and nodal point number are smaller, and the method efficiency of Topology Management used in the present invention is better, and ratio between two is bigger, then optimizes
Efficiency is lower.Because both the ratio between it is smaller, network structure is than sparse, during carrying out Topology Management, to link
The quantity for repeating management will be fewer, and then the quantity of the measurement bag sent and received will tail off, and effect of optimization will be more preferable.
Conversely, ratio between two superelevation, then illustrate that network structure is more intensive, and will be more to the quantity that link repeats management, so optimization
Effect will be reduced.
Fig. 7 is the statistics to four kinds of ad hoc network topological structure relevant informations, and Binding experiment obtains optimizing pipe
Reason before and optimum management after a management cycle in, for the measurement data bag of every kind of Topology Management quantity and calculate
Before and after optimization, obtained using method proposed by the invention during the network operation, controller is used for network topology management
The decrement of packet, can be seen that in star topology knot from the decrement of the packet obtained by different network topology structures
In structure, using method proposed by the present invention, obtained effect of optimization preferably, can be the quantity of controller packet to be processed
More than 60% is reduced, the topological structure of ring-like and tree-shaped also reduces half or so with the data for ensureing packet, but in complete graph
In, the effect that the method for this Topology Management is received will be weaker, the data of packet can only be reduced into 20% or so.
Fig. 8 is the experimental result in several complicated network topology informations and a management cycle chosen, and is passed through
Topology structure management method proposed by the invention can be used for controller the number of Topology Management in general network substantially
Reduced according to the quantity of bag between 30% to 50%.It can also be seen that after being managed by optimization method to topological structure, control
Device needs the quantity of processing data bag to have obvious reduction, and the workload of the controller of reduction, there is controller to a certain extent
More resources handle other business, so as to improve the operational efficiency of network.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of SDN topological management method based on vertex covering set, management is optimized to network topology, using minimum
Network overhead is managed to network topology structure, it is characterised in that
Obtain the topological structure of whole network by network topology management module in controller, it is then abstract and be simplified to undirected
Figure, with based on greedy algorithm thought, and adds strategy and ensures that obtained Minimum Vertex Covering concentrates minimum number of degrees sum minimum,
Then the link discovery module in trigger controller carries out link discovery to selected network topology, reaches and whole network is carried out
The purpose of Topology Management；
Workflow includes three modules：
Initial network topology structure acquisition module；
The minimum vertex covering set algorithm design module of the number of degrees；
Topological computing module；
The initial network topology structure acquisition module, the DLL provided according to controller and OpenFlow message are worked as
The topology information of preceding network structure, the non-directed graph of the network topology structure taken out；
The minimum vertex covering set algorithm design module of the number of degrees, according to the non-directed graph of the network topology structure taken out, is calculated
The minimum vertex covering set of total number of degrees sum in this non-directed graph；
The topological computing module, by obtained satisfactory vertex covering set, is calculated new in network topology structure
Manage the position of measurement point.
2. a kind of SDN topological management method based on vertex covering set according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute
State DLL that initial network topology structure acquisition module provided using controller and OpenFlow message obtains current network
The topology information of structure, is specifically included：
In order to obtain the topology information of Exist Network Structure, the link discovery management module of controller is periodically to being attached thereto
Interchanger send and carry LLDP, Link Layer Discovery Protocol, the Packet-Out message of message works as friendship
Change planes to receive and carried out broadcast transmission after the LLDP messages from controller, when the interchanger being attached thereto receives LLDP reports
Controller is returned to by Packet-In message after text, by such process, link discovery module is known that at the two
There is link between interchanger, and the data surface ID and port numbers of corresponding interchanger are recorded, send Topology Management to
Module, extends to whole network, and controller just obtains the topological structure of whole network by means of which；
In SDN structure, controller possesses the network topological information of the overall situation, and according to the REST API of its offer, network
Administrative staff and application developer obtain the information of overall network topology, and the DLL provided by controller obtains network
Topological structure, carries out the optimum management of network topology, and Port-Status message of the monitoring from interchanger, once find it
In comprising increase port or the network equipment, the information for deleting port or the network equipment, just network topology is recalculated, connect
The implementation procedure carries out abstract processing to obtained topological structure, and the interchanger in each network is abstracted into a nothing
Summit into figure, opposite vertexes are numbered with interchanger during abstract, reach one-to-one corresponding, then interchanger it
Between link be abstracted into the side of non-directed graph, storage node and the corresponding relation on side are carried out using two-dimensional array, having between node
Side puts 1, and boundless setting to 0 is preserved.
3. a kind of SDN topological management method based on vertex covering set according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute
State the minimum vertex covering set algorithm design module of the number of degrees and calculate the minimum vertex covering set of the number of degrees, detailed process in topology diagram
It is as follows：
（1）Sorted in descending order according to degree of vertex opposite vertexes in non-directed graph, then choose the most summit of the number of degrees, delete simultaneously
Except the side associated with this summit,
（2）If running into there are multiple number of degrees identical summits to choose, compare the number of degrees of these summits before selection, this
The less summit of the number of degrees under kind of state as selection summit,
（3）If tracing back to original state and the initial number of degrees being identical, randomly select summit and scan for, then from it is each can
The total number of degrees for the result that the summit of energy is waited until are compared, and choose the minimum search result of number of degrees sum as the solution of problem,
The algorithm design of this solution point covering is that the number of degrees are smaller under primary condition when the degree of vertex to be chosen is identical
Summit chosen, it is ensured that the overall number of degrees are minimum, and this is a kind of global optimisation strategy, and effect is to ensure vertex covering
Under the premise of, reduce the quantity on the side that vertex covering is concentrated.
4. a kind of SDN topological management method based on vertex covering set according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute
State topological computing module and show that the management after optimizing in network topology structure is measured using the minimum vertex covering set of number of degrees sum
Point, as long as the link discovery module in controller sends LLDP messages to the interchanger obtained by calculating and combined corresponding
Packet-In message is with regard to that can calculate the network topology structure that controller is covered.
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| CN110290069A (en) * | 2019-06-18 | 2019-09-27 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of reliable multicast method for routing under SDN scene |
| CN113612636A (en) * | 2021-07-28 | 2021-11-05 | 北京邮电大学 | Software defined network topology discovery method and system |
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