CN107682289A - The label symbol design method of cluster receiver is aided in for marking - Google Patents

The label symbol design method of cluster receiver is aided in for marking Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107682289A
CN107682289A CN201710944515.0A CN201710944515A CN107682289A CN 107682289 A CN107682289 A CN 107682289A CN 201710944515 A CN201710944515 A CN 201710944515A CN 107682289 A CN107682289 A CN 107682289A
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China
Prior art keywords
label symbol
symbol
label
mark
marking
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CN201710944515.0A
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CN107682289B (en
Inventor
梁应敞
张倩倩
黄雨迪
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University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
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University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L25/00—Baseband systems
    • H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
    • H04L25/0202—Channel estimation
    • H04L25/024—Channel estimation channel estimation algorithms
    • H04L25/0242—Channel estimation channel estimation algorithms using matrix methods
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L25/00—Baseband systems
    • H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
    • H04L25/0264—Arrangements for coupling to transmission lines
    • H04L25/0292—Arrangements specific to the receiver end
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2647—Arrangements specific to the receiver only
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/06—Receivers
    • H04B1/16—Circuits

Abstract

The invention belongs to communication technical field, particularly relates to for marking the label symbol design method for aiding in clustering receiver.The method disclosed by the invention mainly comprises in transmitting terminal：Emitter inserts label symbol, the matrix of the label symbol composition is φ, and the content of label symbol is known to receiving terminal before data message is sent；In receiving terminal：Marking signal corresponding to the label symbol received is designated as Y, the mark that acquisition is reconstructed by marking isR, the signal received is formed into multiple classifications by clustering algorithm；Recover to send symbol according to cluster result and label symbol；Characterized in that, the design method of the label symbol be make using Y reconstruct come mark YRIt is minimum relative to the error of real center point.The beneficial effects of the present invention are the present invention proposes a kind of design method of optimal label symbol, the accuracy and clustering performance of reconstruct outgoing label can be improved, so as to improve the detection performance of receiver.

Description

The label symbol design method of cluster receiver is aided in for marking
Technical field
The invention belongs to communication technical field, particularly relates to for marking the label symbol for aiding in clustering receiver Design method.
Background technology
It is that substep is carried out that traditional receiver, which carries out symbol detection,.Channel is carried out according to the pilot signal of transmitting terminal first to estimate Meter, then recover to send symbol by maximum likelihood detector or other simpler detectors.Mark auxiliary cluster receives Machine directly clusters to the signal that receiving terminal receives, and the label symbol sent using transmitting terminal, corresponding to rule out Send symbol.Therefore the accuracy and clustering performance of reconstruct label can be improved by designing, so as to improve the detection performance of receiver Label symbol be necessary.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention, aiming above mentioned problem, propose a kind of marker character for being used to mark auxiliary cluster receiver Number design method, method proposed by the invention aid in cluster receiver mainly for mark, and this receiver is receiving signal Afterwards, reconstruct is marked first, then reception signal is classified using clustering method, refers to finally by the mark reconstructed Symbol is sent corresponding to bright each classification, so as to realize symbol detection.
Technical scheme is as follows：
The label symbol design method of cluster receiver is aided in for marking, including：
In transmitting terminal：Emitter inserts label symbol, the matrix of the label symbol composition before data message is sent For φ, the content of label symbol is known to receiving terminal；
In receiving terminal：Marking signal corresponding to the label symbol received is designated as Y, the mark obtained is reconstructed by marking For YR, the signal received is formed into multiple classifications by clustering algorithm；Recover to send symbol according to cluster result and label symbol Number；
Characterized in that, the design method of the label symbol be make using Y reconstruct come mark YRError is minimum.
The total technical scheme of the present invention, cluster receiver is aided in for mark, receiver is after signal is received, first Reconstruct is marked, it is φ that the present invention, which specifies the matrix of the label symbol sent composition, in the label symbol that receiving terminal receives Corresponding marking signal is Y, is in the mark that receiving terminal reconstructsR.Because cluster receiver needs initial center point from true Central point reaches more preferable constringency performance recently, it is contemplated that the optimal φ of design causes the mark mistake for reconstructing to come using Y It is poor minimum.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are the present invention proposes a kind of design method of optimal label symbol, can improve The accuracy and clustering performance of outgoing label are reconstructed, so as to improve the detection performance of receiver.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 shows cluster operation of receiver schematic diagram proposed by the present invention；
Fig. 2 shows mark Design of Symbols method in OFDM of the present invention；
Fig. 3 shows mark Design of Symbols method in MIMO of the present invention；
Fig. 4 shows performance comparison of the ofdm system of the present invention most preferably with worst design method；
Fig. 5 shows the optimal mark of mimo system of the present invention and suboptimum tagging scheme performance comparison.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and examples, technical scheme is described in detail.
Fig. 1 shows cluster operation of receiver flow proposed by the present invention.The symbol of transmission includes label symbol and data Symbol, correspond to the marking signal and data-signal of receiving terminal.Marking signal makes marks reconstruct first, reconstructs the mark pair come Each classification makes marks, and as the initial center point of clustering algorithm.The class center point estimated after algorithmic statement and Variance, corresponding classification also keep marking.Cluster of a sort data-signal and be detected judgement as the corresponding hair of the category Send symbol.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Fig. 2 this example is the label symbol design method by taking ofdm system as an example.
For ofdm system, φ is a vector, is defined as sL, accordingly, Y is also a vector, is defined as yL, YR It is a vectorial yR.It is assumed that sharing M subcarrier, there are L paths to reach receiving terminal, these time domain channels are expressed as h0,h1,…, hL-1, receiving terminal is after the process of cyclic prefix and fast discrete Fourier transformation (FFT) is carried out, in the frequency domain at n-th of moment Signal can be expressed as
yn=Λ sn+un,
Wherein, snRefer to an OFDM symbol, s=[sn,0,sn,1,…,sn,M-1]T, sn,mRepresent on m-th of subcarrier The symbol at n-th of moment, and chosen from glossary of symbols S, S is the set that symbol can be transmitted in transmitting terminal, for example transmitting terminal takes QPSK modulation systems, thenΛ=diag (H0,H1,…,HM-1), represent the frequency domain of channel Response,And
This example reconstructs from 1. minimum transmission number of labels, 2. mark, 3. the selection tripartite of mark position and label symbol Face illustrates the design of optimal mark.
1. minimum transmission number of labels：In order to reduce the number for sending symbol, this example utilizes the relation between subcarrier And the relation between symbol is sent, reconstruct is marked.Relation between each sub-carrier frequency domain channel response can be expressed as
It is p to specify labeled subcarrier1,p2,…pT, wherein T is the number of labeled subcarrier.These are labeled Subcarrier can be expressed as
Wherein
WhereinL=0 ... L-1, pt=p1,…pT.It can prove to obtain, work as T=L, when, B is One invertible matrix, so the domain channel response on subcarrier m can be written as
Hm=wmB-1d (3)
WhereinAnd
When it can be seen from formula (3) as T=L, the sub-carrier frequency domain channel response of mark can represent all sub- loads Domain channel response on ripple, so transmitting terminal at least wants label L subcarrier.
2. mark reconstruct：In receiving terminal, receiver obtains K=MQ classes by cluster, and wherein Q represents order of modulation, such as Ofdm system uses QPSK modulation systems, then Q=4.The true average that receiving terminal receives signal is μk=HmSq, wherein k=m+ Mq, m=0 ..., M-1, q=0 ..., Q-1, SqAn element in set S is represented, from formula (3), μk=HmSq=wmB- 1dS0fq=akdS0, wherein ak=wmB-1fq,In order to identify the group that receiver clusters to obtain, the present invention utilizes mark reconstruct Mode obtain K mark.Transmitting terminal send label symbol be It can be expressed as in the mark that receiving terminal receivesWherein operator ° represents The corresponding element of matrix or vector is multiplied,The mark received is pre-processed,WhereinThe mark then reconstructed It is designated asWherein
3. the selection of mark position and label symbol：In order to determine to send the position of symbol and send which type of mark Symbol, the present invention need to minimize reconstructed error, i.e.,
WhereinWherein optimal solution is L is a constant, wherein l ∈ { 0 ... M-1 }.Wherein operatorExpression rounds downwards, and mod (, M) and represent that mould M adds computing. From optimal solution as can be seen that the symbol to be sent selection energy it is maximum to be optimal, send mutual between the subcarrier of mark Position furthest apart to be optimal.
Therefore, this example inserts 1 mark respectively at L before data symbol is sent on farthest subcarrier Remember symbol, by taking M=64 as an example, 32 subcarriers for not sending mark will be spaced between the subcarrier of mark by sending, and be marked to sending The particular location of the subcarrier of note does not require, for example can send label symbol on the 1st, 33 subcarrier, can also be Label symbol is sent on 25th, 57 subcarrier, but requires to send the furthest apart of the subcarrier of label symbol.For to send out The symbol of mark is sent, it is necessary to meet there is the amplitude of maximum in transmittable glossary of symbols S, in a manner of this ofdm system uses 16QAM Exemplified by, the label symbol of transmission can gatheredMiddle selection, according to QPSK systems, then send out The label symbol sent can arbitrarily select in glossary of symbols S.
Embodiment 2
As shown in figure 3, this example, by taking mimo system as an example, its label symbol design method is：
There is M in generaltRoot transmission antenna and MrThe MIMO model of root reception antenna, now label symbol quantity T= Mt,It is a matrix, accordingly,And a matrix, YR=YV.The signal received in moment n is represented, it is shared from one to send symbol s (n) The limited code book of K elementIn select, p is transmit power, and H is channel matrix of the transmitter to receiver, Its element independently of each other and It is MtThe symbol that root transmission antenna is sent together Number, w (n) is the noise for obeying Cyclic Symmetry multiple Gauss (CSCG) distribution, i.e.,W (n) and s (n) is mutually solely Vertical, then the signal that reception antenna receives is expressed as：
Because noise obeys CSCG distributions so that givenUnder conditions of, the signal that is received on reception antenna Obeying average isVariance is ∑kCSCG distribution, i.e., And the distribution for the signal that all antennas of period inner receiver receive meets
1. minimum transmission number of labels：It is rightDoing largest rank breakdown hasWherein U is the square of full rank Battle array.After channel, haveWhereinAnd if only if U has when being non-singular matrix I.e. nowCan uniquely it be recovered by φ, therefore MtIt is minimum mark symbol quantity.
2. mark reconstruct：In receiving terminal, signal corresponding to the label symbol received is composition matrixIts InIt is the noise in reception signal.Other all central points can be multiplied recovery matrix by the right side and be obtained, i.e.,
3. the label symbol selection sent：Order recovers the distance of obtained central point and real center point and to recover to miss Difference, then optimal mark selection purpose is to minimize restoration errors, i.e.,
Solution can obtain optimal mark design criteria and be so that mark matrix U minimizesIf other transmission antenna Number Mt2 m power, m is natural number, then it is optimal mark design criteria be fromMiddle selection MtIndividual orthogonal energy it is maximum to Amount composition matrix U.
Therefore, this example inserts M before data symbol is senttIndividual label symbol, each label symbol vector are that one kind can The transmission symbolic vector of energy.With 4 × 4 aerial arrays, exemplified by 16QAM modulation, one shares 44The possible transmission symbolic vector of kind.By In Mt=4 be 22 power, therefore optimal mark is designed as choosing 4 maximum vectors of orthogonal energy.A base provided herein In the Selection Strategy of Hadamard matrixes, i.e.,：
Fig. 4 shows performance comparison of label symbol of the present invention by taking ofdm system as an example most preferably with worst design method Figure, in detail in this figure, transmitting terminal uses QPSK modulation systems, and sets M=64, N=5, L=2, and worst design refers to send The subcarrier of label symbol is adjacent, and the 1st, 2 subcarrier sends label symbol in this emulation, and optimal design refers to send mark It is separated by 32 subcarriers between the subcarrier of symbol, in this emulation, the 1st, 33 subcarrier sends label symbol, can see Going out, performance differs greatly between two kinds of designs, because, when the subcarrier for sending label symbol closes on, phase Than having very big error in real label symbol, all label symbols reconstructed.
Fig. 5 shows performance comparison of label symbol of the present invention by taking mimo system as an example most preferably with worst design method Figure, in detail in this figure, Mt=Mr=2, transmitting terminal uses QPSK modulation systems, optimal design for it is orthogonal have ceiling capacity to Amount, and suboptimum is designed as 2 matrix Us being made up of the non-orthogonal vector of identical energy.Specifically, optimal mark is made to set It is calculated asSuboptimum mark is designed asHave
As can be seen that receiver performance is clustered apparently higher than the cluster using suboptimum mark with optimal mark design Receiver.

Claims (1)

1. the label symbol design method for marking auxiliary cluster receiver, including：
In transmitting terminal：Emitter inserts label symbol before data message is sent, and the matrix of the label symbol composition is φ, the content of label symbol is known to receiving terminal；
In receiving terminal：Marking signal corresponding to the label symbol received is designated as Y, the mark that acquisition is reconstructed by marking isR, The signal received is formed into multiple classifications by clustering algorithm；Recover to send symbol according to cluster result and label symbol；
Characterized in that, the design method of the label symbol be make using Y reconstruct come mark YRError it is minimum.
CN201710944515.0A 2017-09-30 2017-09-30 Mark symbol design method for mark auxiliary clustering receiver Expired - Fee Related CN107682289B (en)

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Cited By (1)

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CN109510653A (en) * 2018-12-30 2019-03-22 中国人民解放军陆军工程大学 It is a kind of to use the battle array division multi-address method of two-dimentional precoding in orthogonal frequency division multiplexing

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US20140269296A1 (en) * 2013-03-13 2014-09-18 Cox Communications, Inc. Systems and Methods of Bundled Label Switch Path for Load Splitting
CN106549692A (en) * 2016-12-12 2017-03-29 电子科技大学 A kind of signal acceptance method for backscatter communication system
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CN107135017A (en) * 2017-04-28 2017-09-05 电子科技大学 Backscatter communication system signal method of sending and receiving
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CN102571113A (en) * 2010-12-30 2012-07-11 创杰科技股份有限公司 Receiver and symbol decoder thereof
US20140269296A1 (en) * 2013-03-13 2014-09-18 Cox Communications, Inc. Systems and Methods of Bundled Label Switch Path for Load Splitting
CN103413157A (en) * 2013-08-01 2013-11-27 复旦大学 RFID reader-writer capable of detecting number of labels within time slot and detection method of RFID reader-writer
CN106549692A (en) * 2016-12-12 2017-03-29 电子科技大学 A kind of signal acceptance method for backscatter communication system
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109510653A (en) * 2018-12-30 2019-03-22 中国人民解放军陆军工程大学 It is a kind of to use the battle array division multi-address method of two-dimentional precoding in orthogonal frequency division multiplexing
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