CN107681679B - Method and system for optimally configuring circuit breaker of direct-current power distribution network - Google Patents
Method and system for optimally configuring circuit breaker of direct-current power distribution network Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a system for optimally configuring a breaker of a direct-current power distribution network. At present, the direct current circuit breaker only uses the current price to carry out optimization calculation and lacks certain foresight. The technical scheme of the method comprises the following steps: establishing an optimization model objective function with the lowest sum of annual power failure loss cost and switch investment operation cost of the direct-current power distribution system; the method comprises the steps of establishing a dynamic planning calculation model for the optimal configuration of the direct current circuit breaker by taking the configuration number of the circuit breaker as a stage, combining the configuration positions of the circuit breaker into states, taking annual power failure loss cost of a direct current power distribution system as an index function, and taking the minimum value of all state index functions of each stage as an optimal value function of the stage; on the basis, the price of the direct current breaker is divided into sections; and obtaining the optimal configuration scheme within different direct current breaker price intervals according to the dynamic planning result. The invention can provide an effective calculation method for the optimal configuration of the circuit breaker when the price of the direct current circuit breaker changes.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power distribution network planning, in particular to a method and a system for optimally configuring a circuit breaker of a direct-current power distribution network.
Background
In the past 100 years, alternating current power distribution has the advantages of easy transformation, simple arc extinction and the like, and therefore, the alternating current power distribution always occupies the dominant position in power supply. In recent years, with the continuous development of power electronic technology, direct current power distribution has become a research hotspot again. The application of the direct-current distribution technology to the urban distribution network can bring many technical and economic advantages compared with the alternating-current distribution network. For example, a current conversion link of a distributed power supply and direct current load access is saved, and equipment investment and current conversion loss are reduced; line loss and voltage drop caused by transmission of reactive power are reduced, and power supply capacity and power supply radius are improved; the power is supplied to a sensitive load special line, and the power quality of a user side is effectively improved. Therefore, the direct current distribution network becomes an important technical direction for the development of the urban distribution network.
The optimal configuration of the switch equipment in the distribution network is a nonlinear combined optimization problem, and the purpose is to take account of the investment operation cost of the switch and the reliability benefit brought by the switch configuration so as to realize the optimal comprehensive benefit of the distribution system. At present, in an alternating current distribution network switch optimal configuration method, the following types are mainly available: 1) genetic algorithm, immune algorithm, ant colony algorithm and other intelligent algorithms; 2) a dynamic programming algorithm; 3) a tabu algorithm; 4) mixed integer linear programming model solvers, and the like.
Most of traditional power distribution network switch configuration methods aim at a radial alternating current distribution network and widely applied alternating current switch equipment, in direct current distribution, most of direct current circuit breakers are still in the initial stage of development and engineering application at present, the manufacturing cost of the direct current circuit breakers is far higher than that of the traditional alternating current circuit breakers, along with the development of power electronic technology, the manufacturing cost of the direct current circuit breakers after the future commercial application has a larger reduction space, and optimization calculation only by using the current price lacks certain foresight. Therefore, certain improvements need to be made to the existing power distribution network switch optimal configuration method and system, so as to obtain a new method and a new system capable of considering the price change factor of the direct current circuit breaker in the switch configuration process.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the existing switch optimization method applied to the direct-current power distribution network, the invention provides the circuit breaker optimization configuration method of the direct-current power distribution system, which provides an effective calculation method for the optimization configuration of the circuit breaker when the price of the direct-current circuit breaker changes so as to be suitable for the planning design of the direct-current power distribution network in the power electronic technology development stage.
Therefore, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a method for optimally configuring a circuit breaker of a direct current distribution system comprises the following steps:
1) establishing an optimization model objective function with the lowest sum of annual power failure loss cost and switch investment operation cost of the direct-current power distribution system;
2) the method comprises the steps of establishing a dynamic planning calculation model for the optimal configuration of the direct current circuit breaker by taking the configuration number of the circuit breaker as a stage, combining the configuration positions of the circuit breaker into states, taking annual power failure loss cost of a direct current power distribution system as an index function, and taking the minimum value of all state index functions of each stage as an optimal value function of the stage; on the basis, the price of the direct current breaker is divided into sections;
3) and obtaining the optimal configuration scheme in different direct current breaker price intervals according to the dynamic planning calculation model.
In addition to the above technical solution, in step 1), the calculation formula of the optimization model objective function is minCA＝CL+CGWherein, CLAnd CGThe annual power failure loss cost and the switch investment running cost of the direct current power distribution system are respectively.
As a supplement to the above technical means, in step 1), said CLThe calculation formula is as follows:
in the formula: n isLPThe total number of the load points is; t isjClassifying the number of the power failure duration time classification of the jth load point; eENSjtThe power loss amount is corresponding to the t-th class power failure duration time of the load point j; cLjtThe unit power failure loss corresponding to the t-th class power failure duration of the load point j is obtained.
As a supplement to the above technical means, in step 1), said CGThe calculation formula of (a) is as follows:
in the formula: n is a radical ofSmConfiguring the number for the switches; cSmThe annual unit price of the switch investment operation cost is equal; pSmThe current unit price for switch investment; rho is the proportion of the operation and maintenance cost of the switch to the investment cost; a (i, E)Sm) Is the capital recovery factor; i is the discount rate; eSmThe service life of the switch.
As a supplement to the above technical solution, in step 2), the annual unit prices of the dc circuit breaker and the disconnector are set to CS1、CS2(ii) a The price interval of the DC breaker is [ P ]S1min,PS1max]Corresponding to an equal annual unit price of [ CS1min,CS1max]。
As a supplement to the above technical solution, in step 2), the calculation process of the dynamic programming calculation model is as follows:
21) calculating an initial state index function C (0) of the direct current power distribution system, and enabling the configuration number k of the circuit breakers to be 1;
22) calculating index function of each state in the k stage
And determining the optimal value function of the stage
And a corresponding breaker optimal configuration scheme; if it is
The state is not considered in the subsequent phase operation;
23) calculating the circuit breaker corresponding to the optimal configuration number k of the direct current circuit breakersCritical value of unit price PkComprises the following steps:
in the formula, A (i, E)S1) A capital recovery factor for the dc breaker; i is the discount rate; eS1The service life of the direct current breaker is prolonged;
24) according to the critical value P of each stagekDetermining the current unit price P of a DC circuit breakerS1In the interval [ Pk+1,Pk) Optimal number of time slots N (P)S1) Is k;
25) if C (k) -C (k +1) is less than or equal to CS1min-CS2Indicate for PS1minWhen the annual total cost of the time for configuring the k breakers reaches the optimal value, stopping configuration and going to step 26); otherwise, k ═ k +1 and go to step 22);
26) the price interval of the output direct current breaker is [ P ]S1min,PS1max]And then a plurality of groups of different optimization configuration results are obtained.
Another object of the present invention is to provide an optimized configuration system for a circuit breaker of a dc power distribution network, which includes:
1) the optimization model objective function establishing unit is used for establishing an optimization model objective function with the lowest sum of annual power failure loss cost and switch investment operation cost of the direct-current power distribution system;
2) the direct current breaker optimal configuration dynamic planning calculation unit takes breaker configuration number as a stage, breaker configuration position combination as a state, annual power failure loss cost of a direct current power distribution system as an index function, and the minimum value of all state index functions of each stage is an optimal value function of the stage; on the basis, the price of the direct current breaker is divided into sections;
3) and the optimal configuration unit obtains optimal configuration schemes in different direct current breaker price intervals according to the direct current breaker optimal configuration dynamic planning and calculating unit.
As a supplement to the above dc distribution network circuit breaker optimal configuration system, the dc circuit breaker optimal configuration dynamic programming calculation unit includes:
the first calculation unit: calculating an initial state index function C (0) of the direct current power distribution system, and enabling the configuration number k of the circuit breakers to be 1;
a second calculation unit: calculating index function of each state in the k stage
And determining the optimal value function of the stage
And a corresponding breaker optimal configuration scheme; if it is
Then the state is not considered again in the subsequent phase operation, said CS1、CS2Respectively equal annual unit prices of investment and operation of the direct current circuit breaker and the isolating switch;
a third calculation unit: calculating the current unit price critical value P of the corresponding circuit breakers when the optimal configuration number of the direct current circuit breakers is kkComprises the following steps:
in the formula, A (i, E)S1) A capital recovery factor for the dc breaker; i is the discount rate; eS1The service life of the direct current breaker is defined, and rho is the proportion of the operation and maintenance cost of the switch to the investment cost;
an optimum configuration number determination unit: according to the critical value P of each stagekDetermining the current unit price P of a DC circuit breakerS1In the interval [ Pk+1,Pk) Optimal number of time slots N (P)S1) Is k;
an optimum judgment unit: if C (k) -C (k +1) is less than or equal to CS1min-CS2Indicate for PS1minWhen the annual total cost of the configured k breakers reaches the optimal value, the configuration is stopped and the circuit breaker is transferred to an output unit; otherwise, k is k +1 and goes to the second calculating unit;
an output unit: price zone of output direct current breakerIs between [ P ]S1min,PS1max]Time-optimized configuration result, the DC breaker price interval [ PS1min,PS1max]Corresponding to an equal annual value of unit price of [ CS1min,CS1max]。
The invention has the following beneficial effects: the method takes the highest comprehensive benefit of the power distribution network as a target, the installation number of the circuit breakers as stages and the combination of the installation positions of the circuit breakers as states, establishes an improved dynamic planning method for the optimal configuration of the circuit breakers of the direct-current power distribution network, has accurate model and simple principle, and considers the factor of price reduction of the direct-current circuit breakers in the technical development process. By the optimized configuration method, the price of the direct current circuit breaker to be researched can be divided into intervals, optimized configuration schemes of the direct current circuit breaker in different price intervals are obtained respectively, the optimal comprehensive benefits of the economy and the reliability of the direct current power distribution system are achieved, and the optimized configuration method is suitable for planning and designing the direct current power distribution network in the power electronic technology development stage.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a topology structural diagram of a dc power distribution network in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of dynamically planning a computational model according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following figures and examples.
Example 1
Taking the topology of the direct-current power distribution network shown in fig. 1 as an example, the positions of the incoming line (serial numbers 1-16) and the outgoing line (serial numbers 17-26) at the intersection points of each load branch and the main feeder are both configured with a disconnecting switch, and the positions of the disconnecting switches can be replaced with direct-current circuit breakers.
The calculation parameters of the selected parts in the embodiment are as follows: the proportion rho of the operation and maintenance cost is 5 percent; the current sticking rate i is 10 percent; service life of the apparatus ESmTaking for 20 years; the price research interval of the direct current breaker is [5,45 ]]Ten thousand yuan per station. The method for optimally configuring the circuit breaker of the direct-current distribution network, provided by the invention, comprises the following steps:
step 1: establishingThe objective function of the optimization model is minCA＝CL+CG. Wherein, CLAnd CGThe system annual power failure loss cost and the switch investment running cost are respectively calculated by the following formulas 1 and 2:
in the formula: n isLPThe total number of the load points is; t isjClassifying the number of the power failure duration time classification of the jth load point; eENSjtThe power loss amount is corresponding to the t-th class power failure duration time of the load point j; cLjtThe unit power failure loss corresponding to the t-th class power failure duration time of the load point j is obtained; n is a radical ofSmConfiguring the number for the switches; cSmThe annual unit price of the switch investment operation cost is equal; pSmThe current unit price for switch investment; rho is the proportion of the operation and maintenance cost of the switch to the investment cost; a (i, E)Sm) Is the capital recovery factor; i is the discount rate; eSmThe service life of the switch.
Step 2: establishing a dynamic planning calculation model for the optimal configuration of the direct current breaker: taking the configuration number k of the circuit breakers as a stage; combining x with breaker configuration positioniIs in a state; at the expense of system annual power failure loss
Is an index function; using the minimum value of all state index functions of each stage
Is the optimal value function of the stage; and the annual unit prices of investment, operation and the like of the direct current breaker and the isolating switch are respectively set as CS1、CS2(ii) a The price research interval of the direct current breaker is [ P ]S1min,PS1max]Corresponding to an equal annual unit price of [ CS1min,CS1max]。
And step 3: the system initial state index function C (0) is calculated, and k is made to be 1.
And 4, step 4: calculating index function of each state in the k stage
And determining the optimal value function C (k) of the stage and a corresponding circuit breaker configuration scheme. If it is
The state is not considered in the subsequent phase operation.
And 5: calculating the current unit price critical value P of the corresponding circuit breakers when the optimal configuration number of the direct current circuit breakers is kkComprises the following steps:
step 6: according to the critical value P of each stagekDetermining the current unit price P of a DC circuit breakerS1In the interval [ Pk+1,Pk) Optimal number of time slots N (P)S1) Is k.
And 7: if C (k) -C (k +1) is less than or equal to CS1min-CS2Indicate for PS1minWhen the annual total cost of the time for configuring the k breakers reaches the optimal value, the configuration is stopped and the step 8 is carried out; otherwise, k is k +1 and goes to step 4.
And 8: the price interval of the output direct current breaker is [ P ]S1min,PS1max]And then a plurality of groups of different optimization configuration results are obtained.
The optimal configuration result of the direct current breaker with the arithmetic topology obtained according to the method is as follows: when the price of the circuit breaker is [38.0,45.0] ten thousand yuan/platform, 3 circuit breakers are configured at the positions 11, 12 and 15; when the price of the circuit breaker is [37.6,38.0) ten thousand yuan/platform, 4 circuit breakers are configured at the positions 11, 12, 13 and 15; when the price of the circuit breaker is [34.1,37.6) ten thousand yuan/platform, 5 circuit breakers are configured at positions 11, 12, 13, 15 and 16; when the price of the circuit breaker is [5,34.1 ] ten thousand yuan/platform, 6 circuit breakers are configured at the positions 11-16.
Example 2
This embodiment provides a direct current distribution network circuit breaker optimal configuration system, it includes:
1) the optimization model objective function establishing unit is used for establishing an optimization model objective function with the lowest sum of annual power failure loss cost and switch investment operation cost of the direct-current power distribution system;
2) the direct current breaker optimal configuration dynamic planning calculation unit takes breaker configuration number as a stage, breaker configuration position combination as a state, annual power failure loss cost of a direct current power distribution system as an index function, and the minimum value of all state index functions of each stage is an optimal value function of the stage; on the basis, the price of the direct current breaker is divided into sections;
3) and the optimal configuration unit obtains optimal configuration schemes in different direct current breaker price intervals according to the direct current breaker optimal configuration dynamic planning and calculating unit.
The dynamic planning and calculating unit for the optimal configuration of the direct current breaker comprises:
the first calculation unit: calculating an initial state index function C (0) of the direct current power distribution system, and enabling the configuration number k of the circuit breakers to be 1;
a second calculation unit: calculating index function of each state in the k stage
And determining the optimal value function of the stage
And a corresponding breaker optimal configuration scheme; if it is
Then the state is not considered again in the subsequent phase operation, said CS1、CS2Respectively equal annual unit prices of investment and operation of the direct current circuit breaker and the isolating switch;
a third calculation unit: calculating DC open circuitThe current unit price critical value P of the corresponding circuit breaker when the optimal configuration number of the circuit breakers is kkComprises the following steps:
in the formula, A (i, E)S1) A capital recovery factor for the dc breaker; i is the discount rate; eS1The service life of the direct current breaker is defined, and rho is the proportion of the operation and maintenance cost of the switch to the investment cost;
an optimum configuration number determination unit: according to the critical value P of each stagekDetermining the current unit price P of a DC circuit breakerS1In the interval [ Pk+1,Pk) Optimal number of time slots N (P)S1) Is k;
an optimum judgment unit: if C (k) -C (k +1) is less than or equal to CS1min-CS2Indicate for PS1minWhen the annual total cost of the configured k breakers reaches the optimal value, the configuration is stopped and the circuit breaker is transferred to an output unit; otherwise, k is k +1 and goes to the second calculating unit;
an output unit: the price interval of the output direct current breaker is [ P ]S1min,PS1max]Time-optimized configuration result, the DC breaker price interval [ PS1min,PS1max]Corresponding to an equal annual value of unit price of [ CS1min,CS1max]。
While the present invention has been described in detail by the above embodiments, it should be appreciated that the above description should not be construed as limiting the invention. Various modifications and alterations to this invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the foregoing description. Accordingly, the scope of the invention should be determined from the following claims.
Claims (5)
1. A method for optimally configuring a circuit breaker of a direct-current power distribution network is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) establishing an optimization model objective function with the lowest sum of annual power failure loss cost and switch investment operation cost of the direct-current power distribution system;
2) the method comprises the steps of establishing a dynamic planning calculation model for the optimal configuration of the direct current circuit breaker by taking the configuration number of the circuit breaker as a stage, combining the configuration positions of the circuit breaker into states, taking annual power failure loss cost of a direct current power distribution system as an index function, and taking the minimum value of all state index functions of each stage as an optimal value function of the stage; on the basis, the price of the direct current breaker is divided into sections;
3) obtaining optimal configuration schemes in different direct current breaker price intervals according to the dynamic planning calculation model;
in step 2), the annual unit prices of investment operation of the direct current breaker and the isolating switch are respectively set as CS1、CS2(ii) a The price interval of the DC breaker is [ P ]S1min,PS1max]，PS1min、PS1maxThe minimum value and the maximum value of the price of the direct current breaker are respectively CS1min、CS1max；
In step 2), the calculation process of the dynamic programming calculation model is as follows:
21) calculating an initial state index function C (0) of the direct current power distribution system, setting the number of stages as k, and setting k as 1;
22) computing the k-th stage states xiIndex function of
And determining the optimal value function of the stage
And a corresponding breaker optimal configuration scheme; if it is
The state is not considered in the subsequent phase operation;
23) calculating the current unit price critical value P of the corresponding circuit breakers when the optimal configuration number of the direct current circuit breakers is kkComprises the following steps:
in the formula, A (i, E)S1) Being dc circuit breakersA capital recovery factor; i is the discount rate; eS1The service life of the direct current breaker is prolonged;
24) according to the critical value P of each stagekDetermining the current unit price P of a DC circuit breakerS1In the interval [ Pk+1,Pk) Optimal number of time slots N (P)S1) Is k;
25) if C (k) -C (k +1) is less than or equal to CS1min-CS2Indicate for PS1minWhen the annual total cost of the time for configuring the k breakers reaches the optimal value, stopping configuration and going to step 26); otherwise, k ═ k +1 and go to step 22);
26) the price interval of the output direct current breaker is [ P ]S1min,PS1max]And optimizing configuration results.
2. The method for optimally configuring circuit breakers in a direct current distribution network according to claim 1, wherein in the step 1), the calculation formula of the objective function of the optimization model is minCA＝CL+CGWherein, CLAnd CGThe annual power failure loss cost and the switch investment running cost of the direct current power distribution system are respectively.
3. The optimal configuration method for breakers in direct-current distribution network according to claim 2, characterized in that, in step 1), said step C is implementedLThe calculation formula is as follows:
in the formula: n isLPThe total number of the load points is; t isjClassifying the number of the power failure duration time classification of the jth load point; eENSjtThe power loss amount corresponding to the t-th class power failure duration time of the load point j, CLjtThe unit power failure loss corresponding to the t-th class power failure duration of the load point j is obtained.
4. The optimal configuration method for breakers in direct current distribution network according to claim 3, wherein in step 1), said step C is performedGIs calculated byThe following were used:
in the formula: n is a radical ofSmConfiguring the number for the switches; cSmThe annual unit price of the switch investment operation cost is equal; pSmThe current unit price for switch investment; rho is the proportion of the operation and maintenance cost of the switch to the investment cost; a (i, E)Sm) Is the capital recovery factor; i is the discount rate; eSmThe service life of the switch.
5. A DC distribution network circuit breaker optimal configuration system, comprising:
1) the optimization model objective function establishing unit is used for establishing an optimization model objective function with the lowest sum of annual power failure loss cost and switch investment operation cost of the direct-current power distribution system;
2) the direct current breaker optimal configuration dynamic planning calculation unit takes breaker configuration number as a stage, breaker configuration position combination as a state, annual power failure loss cost of a direct current power distribution system as an index function, and the minimum value of all state index functions of each stage is an optimal value function of the stage; on the basis, the price of the direct current breaker is divided into sections;
3) the optimization configuration unit obtains optimization configuration schemes in different direct-current circuit breaker price intervals according to the direct-current circuit breaker optimization configuration dynamic planning and calculating unit;
the dynamic planning and calculating unit for the optimal configuration of the direct current breaker comprises:
the first calculation unit: calculating an initial state index function C (0) of the direct current power distribution system, setting the number of stages as k, and setting k as 1;
a second calculation unit: computing the k-th stage states xiIndex function of
And determining the optimal value function of the stage
And a corresponding breaker optimal configuration scheme; if it is
Then the state is not considered again in the subsequent phase operation, said CS1、CS2Respectively equal annual unit prices of investment and operation of the direct current circuit breaker and the isolating switch;
a third calculation unit: calculating the current unit price critical value P of the corresponding circuit breakers when the optimal configuration number of the direct current circuit breakers is kkComprises the following steps:
in the formula, A (i, E)S1) A capital recovery factor for the dc breaker; i is the discount rate; eS1The service life of the direct current breaker is defined, and rho is the proportion of the operation and maintenance cost of the switch to the investment cost;
an optimum configuration number determination unit: according to the critical value P of each stagekDetermining the current unit price P of a DC circuit breakerS1In the interval [ Pk+1,Pk) Optimal number of time slots N (P)S1) Is k;
an optimum judgment unit: if C (k) -C (k +1) is less than or equal to CS1min-CS2Indicate for PS1minWhen the annual total cost of the configured k breakers reaches the optimal value, the configuration is stopped and the circuit breaker is transferred to an output unit; otherwise, k is k +1 and goes to the second calculating unit;
an output unit: the price interval of the output direct current breaker is [ P ]S1min,PS1max]Optimal configuration results of time, PS1min、PS1maxRespectively the minimum value and the maximum value of the price of the direct current circuit breaker, and the price interval [ P ] of the direct current circuit breakerS1min,PS1max]Corresponding to an equal annual value of unit price of [ CS1min,CS1max]，CS1min、CS1maxThe minimum value and the maximum value of the annual unit price are respectively.
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