CN107680756A - Laddering electric discharge device step by step - Google Patents
Laddering electric discharge device step by step Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107680756A CN107680756A CN201710956527.5A CN201710956527A CN107680756A CN 107680756 A CN107680756 A CN 107680756A CN 201710956527 A CN201710956527 A CN 201710956527A CN 107680756 A CN107680756 A CN 107680756A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- electrode
- electric discharge
- laddering
- discharge device
- discharging bin
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B17/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by their form
- H01B17/42—Means for obtaining improved distribution of voltage; Protection against arc discharges
- H01B17/46—Means for providing an external arc-discharge path
Abstract
The present invention announces a kind of laddering electric discharge device step by step.When the laddering electric discharge device step by step and the anti-thunder insulator or anti-thunder insulator strain clamp (string) in belt discharge gap support the use, can quickly extinguish when being struck by lightning the power frequency arc of thunder and lightning initiation, protection circuit not by broken by lightning, prevent or reduce lightning stroke trip number.Discharging bin that the laddering electric discharge device step by step is made up of a solid insulating material, two metal main electrodes, the individual metal transfer electrode compositions of N (N >=2).The transition electrode arranges in the discharging bin interior edge inwall.The spacing of the adjacent electrode (including main electrode and transition electrode) of any two is all the time no more than any one electrode in described two electrodes to the air line distance between other any electrodes in addition to the electrode adjacent thereto.Electric discharge between two main electrodes is completed by the laddering secondary discharge step by step series connection between main electrode and N number of transition electrode.Any one-level secondary discharge disconnects, and the electric discharge between two main electrodes just terminates.
Description
Technical field
The present invention announces a kind of laddering electric discharge device step by step.The laddering electric discharge device step by step and belt discharge gap
When anti-insulator or anti-thunder insulator strain clamp (string) support the use, it can quickly extinguish thunder and lightning initiation when being struck by lightning
Power frequency arc, protection circuit by broken by lightning and do not reduce lightning stroke trip number.
Background technology
In the various factors for influenceing power transmission and distribution safety, the damaged condition to caused by power transmission and distribution overhead transmission line of being struck by lightning is the tightest
Weight.This power frequency arc for being embodied in 1) thunder and lightning arc and subsequently triggering that damages directly blows transmission ＆ distribution electric lead or smashes insulation
Son, 2) power frequency continued flow triggered by thunder and lightning causes line tripping.For a long time, shocking preventing technology is always power transmission and distribution industry research
One of emphasis problem.The states such as the U.S. improve the class of insulation of overhead transmission line, this method energy using the method for wooden insulator crossarm
Prevent some weaker thunderbolts.But promoting wooden insulator crossarm needs to consume the substantial amounts of forest reserves, this does not meet me
The fundamental realities of the country of state.Therefore, dredge the harmless release of thunder energy rather than hard blocking is just prevented as China's equipment for power transmission and distribution by force
The main technological route of thunder.Domestic most common method is to use metal oxide arrester at present, and this is that one kind prevents thunder and lightning
A kind of conventional electrical equipment of damage is caused to overhead transmission line.But metal oxidation arrester is easy to aging, and service life is shorter.
All install arrester on every electric pole additional to be also required for installing good ground connection facility additional again, so not only quantities is big, and cost also will
Greatly improve, many equipment increased adds potential trouble point again, objectively adds failure risk.In recent years, band is put
The anti-thunder insulator in electric gap has extensive use in the lightning protection of power transmission and distribution overhead transmission line is used.Anti-thunder insulator will be aerial
Lightning voltage after circuit is struck by lightning guides to electric discharge at no wire, so avoids the mistake that wire directly participates in arc discharge
Journey, the problem of thunder and lightning arc and power frequency arc directly blow transmission ＆ distribution electric lead or smash insulator is substantially solved, has played protection
The effect of wire and insulator.But the power frequency continued flow of thunder and lightning arc initiation can not be completely eliminated in anti-thunder insulator.In some cases,
For example lightning induced voltage is higher, it can not allow drop to the induced voltage on overhead line may be again by striking electric discharge
The secondary thunder and lightning arc of secondary triggering it is below horizontal, or grounding of pole insulating properties are bad.In these cases, power frequency continued flow may be held
The continuous long time, thus trigger line tripping.Because the essence of power frequency continued flow is air by the electric arc after high electrical breakdown
Electric discharge, therefore the factor such as the temperature of the air at breakdown place, pressure, airflow stability has very to the continuous capability of puncture electric arc
It is obvious to influence.The volumetric expansion of air will cause the reduction of atmospheric density and charged particle densities, and the quick flowing of air will
The temperature rapid decrease of air and the drift of charged particle stream, the stability of electrical discharge arc answer arc shape at guiding discharge electric arc
Drastically change and be destroyed, the generation of these factors is all advantageous to the cut-out of power frequency continued flow.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of laddering electric discharge device step by step applied on power transmission and distribution overhead transmission line, uses
When transmission ＆ distribution electric lead, insulator and strain clamp (string) are being struck by lightning can fast shut-off by thunderbolt trigger power frequency continue
Stream, protects related electric equipment by broken by lightning, not prevent or reduce line tripping number.
The technical principle of the present invention is such：
Tubular discharge storehouse that laddering electric discharge device step by step is made up of a solid insulating material, two metal main electrodes, N
(N >=2) individual metal transfer electrode composition, and the anti-thunder insulator in belt discharge gap or lightning protection strain clamp (string) or other electric power
Gold utensil forms complete Thunder Protection group.
Two main electrodes are connected to the both ends of discharging bin.N number of transition electrode is by aligned transfer between two main electrodes
On discharging bin inwall.Transition electrode the arrangement of discharging bin interior edge inwall can be along axial arranged in a straight line between main electrode,
Can also be along discharging bin inwall helical row axial between main electrode or the arrangement of other curve modes.In any row
In row mode, any two adjacent electrode (including main electrode and transition electrode) forms a secondary discharge antithetical phrase, and discharge antithetical phrase
Between formed a discharge channel.The spacing of any two adjacent electrode is not more than any one electricity in the two electrodes all the time
Pole is to the air line distance between other any electrodes in addition to electrode adjacent thereto, to ensure electric discharge phenomena only adjacent
Occur between two electrodes, and then ensure that the electric discharge between two main electrodes is by progressive between main electrode and transition electrode
Formula step by step discharged in series complete.
Tubular discharge storehouse can be round tube.When transition electrode is by straight line or helical row, round tubular electric discharge
Requirement of the storehouse to processing technology is minimum, and round tubular discharging bin is also minimum to the otherness of the influence between each electric discharge antithetical phrase.
When being arranged with particular/special requirement of transition electrode, discharging bin can also be the tubing that section is other shapes.Tubular discharge storehouse can be with
It is the axially well-balanced interrupted tubing of tubing or axial direction.
Tubular discharge storehouse can be pipe thickness respectively to consistent tubing, pipe thickness h (x)=Ch, x is discharging bin axial direction
On a position, ChIt is a constant；Can also be pipe thickness respectively to inconsistent tubing.At this moment pipe thickness h (x, α)
=R2(x, α)-R1(x, α), α be in pipe thickness where position at radial direction instruction angle, R2(x, α) is discharging bin x positions
Place's outer wall is put to the distance of axis, R1(x, α) be at discharging bin x position inwall to the distance of axis.In the case of round tube,
R2(x, α)=r2, r2It is circular tube outside diameter, R1(x, α)=r1, r1It is circular bore.
Tubular discharge storehouse can be straight, or once or several times bend, or the tubing of bending.There is no transition
In the presence of electrode, it is straight line electric arc that thunder and lightning arc and the power frequency arc subsequently triggered between main electrode, which occurs,.When there is transition electrode
In the presence of, it is to be connected to connect by the electrical discharge arc between each adjacent transition electrode that thunder and lightning arc and power frequency arc between main electrode, which occurs,
Connect what is formed, the trend of complete thunderbolt electric arc and power frequency arc is determined by the arrangement of transition electrode.When needing
Can uses non-straight tubing as discharging bin.
Discharging bin can be single layer structure or sandwich construction.In the case of the multi-layer structure, it is tight between each layer
What contiguity was touched.
The main electrode of laddering electric discharge device step by step is disposed upon the both ends of discharging bin.There is no form to two main electrodes
On specific requirement.
The electric discharge position of the transition electrode of laddering electric discharge device step by step is dome electrode or semielliptical shape.In hemisphere
When arc discharge is produced under shape electrode case, the maximum of the electric-field intensity between two neighboring transition electrode can be with approximate expression
For：U is point to fall the voltage difference on the two transition electrodes, d be between two hemisphere away from
From r is the radius of dome electrode, and A≤1 is the constant related to surrounding enviroment state to the embedding method of dome electrode.
In the case where the short axle of semielliptical shape electrode and semielliptical is adjacent each other, above-mentioned formula approximate expression can also be used, r is half ellipse
The short axle distance of spheric electrode.Each transition electrode can be that geometric shape is consistent with size or geometric shape
Or size is inconsistent.
Transition electrode is partly embedded on discharging bin inwall, and the top of hemispherical or semielliptical shape is towards discharging bin axis.
Transition electrode apart from discharging bin axis can be equidistant or non-equally.In the case of non-equally, row
Row will ensure than the distance between more prominent transition electrode to other any transition electrodes in addition to adjacent transition electrode no
Less than the distance between transition electrode to adjacent transition electrode, to ensure that electric discharge only occurs between adjacent transition electrode.
Composite silicone rubber full skirt is covered on the outside of tubular discharge storehouse can improve laddering climbing on the outside of electric discharge device step by step
Electrical distance.
The main electrode of laddering electric discharge device step by step is when two ports with discharging bin connect, it is necessary to there is a port to be
Open connection.If the sealed connection all closed using both ends is, it is necessary to inside and outside in discharging bin lateral opening hole or fluting
Side, perforate can be circular or other geometries；Fluting can be straight-line groove or curved slot.Open
Hole or fluting can be the big round taper holes in the small outside of the consistent straight hole of medial lateral size or straight-line groove or inner side
It is trapezoidal groove with section.When producing thunder and lightning arc and power frequency arc, electric arc and heated air by perforate or are opened together
Groove outwards sprays, and the strong deformation of power frequency arc can seriously change electric-field intensity and arc stability between transition electrode, lead
Cause breath arc.
Brief description of the drawings
The laddering electric discharge device structural representations step by step of Fig. 1
The position description figure that the laddering discharging bin of the electric discharge device step by step inner transition electrodes of Fig. 2 are arranged by spiral
Schematic appearance outside the laddering electric discharge devices step by step of Fig. 3 after coated composite silicone rubber full skirt protective layer
The connection diagram of the laddering electric discharge device step by step and transmission ＆ distribution electric lead in Fig. 4 belt discharges gap
The connection diagram of the laddering electric discharge devices step by step of Fig. 5 and the anti-thunder insulator in belt discharge gap
The connection diagram of the laddering electric discharge devices step by step of Fig. 6 and anti-thunder insulator strain clamp
Wherein 1- discharging bins internal layer, 2- cross bridge electrode, 3- discharging bins upper end main electrode, discharging bin top electric discharge position, 4-
Discharging bin upper end main electrode, discharging bin inside main electrode electric discharge position, 5 discharging bin exterior cover sheets, silicon rubber umbrella skirt, 6- electric discharges
Storehouse lower end main electrode, discharging bin steel leg base, 6.1- discharging bin arc spraying mouths, 6.2- steel pin fixing holes.
Specific implementation method
The discharging bin 1 (Fig. 1) that tubular type insulating materials is made, it is equidistant to bury on helix of its side around axis
A series of steel ball is put as transition electrode 2 (Fig. 1).
Discharging bin internal diameter R selection encloses on helix the quantity n for disposing steel ball, steel ball arrangement spacing d and steel ball by one
Radius r determines, R ＞ 4r, r ＞ d.The radius r of steel ball is not more than wall thickness h, the r ＜ h of discharging bin.
The total N of discharging bin length L and steel ball selection is determined with line voltage distribution grade and lightning protection grade.Between steel ball
Spacing summation ∑ d be not less than 1min power frequency withstanding voltage air breakdowns required for gap, no more than thunderbolt withstanding voltage
The gap that air breakdown needs.In the case of between steel ball being equidistant, ∑ d=Nd.In the case of helical row, L can
With less than ∑ d.
During the placement of steel ball, the part that steel ball protrudes discharging bin inwall is no more than half of steel ball.During the thunderbolt being subject to, thunder and lightning
Pressure be distributed to each adjacent steel ball shape into electric discharge antithetical phrase between, discharged in adjacent steel ball spacing from most weakness, formation one
Transferred arc.Thunder and lightning arc is composed in series by whole transferred arcs between the main electrode of discharging bin both ends.Power-frequency voltage is also to be distributed to
Between each adjacent steel ball, the power frequency arc that thunder and lightning arc triggers is also to be composed in series by whole transferred arcs.
When steel ball spacing d is more much smaller than steel ball radius, the maximum of electric-field intensity can be with approximate expression in steel ball gap
IntoUw(i) it is to fall the power-frequency voltage between i-th pair steel ball discharges antithetical phrase, after steel ball sum determines, Uw
(i) it is a constant.Therefore appropriate increase steel ball gap advantageously reduces the maximum of electric-field intensity between steel ball, is unfavorable for electric arc
It is lasting to occur.But steel ball spacing d can not be too big.D must assure that when being struck by lightning generation, breakdown can be formed between steel ball
Bridge electric arc.
When being struck by lightning, the series of air disruptive discharge that is occurred between main electrode 4,6 (Fig. 1) by steel ball transition electrode
String, continue and trigger power frequency arc to discharge.Due to the presence of steel ball transition electrode, because electric field is steady between any pair of transition electrode
It is qualitative destroyed, or electric-field intensity changed to when being not enough to pilot arc electric discharge, this will to the electric arc between transition electrode
Extinguish, so as to cause the electric arc string between main electrode all to extinguish.Therefore the quantity of steel ball transition electrode is more, power frequency arc quilt
The chance quickly extinguished is higher.N too greatly can be higher to the size requirement of discharging bin and processing request.In real work, N ＞ 20 are
Through disclosure satisfy that the quick needs for blowing power frequency continued flow.
It is more preferable that with high temperature gas producing tube effect is made in discharging bin.Heat caused by electric arc makes gas producing tube produce substantial amounts of gas,
These gases are heated rapidly by electric arc.The rapid spatial expansion of heated gas, pass through the openend 6.2 (Fig. 1) of discharging bin
Rapid outwards punching.The outer punching of expanding gas and electric arc has stretched electric arc in itself, seriously changes the geometry of electric arc, causes electricity
Charged particle concentration changes in arc body, also causes the reduction of electric-field intensity on electric arc position, is allowed to can not meet dimension
The intensity of air ionization is held, ultimately results in the extinguishing of power frequency arc.
Because the mechanical strength of gas producing tube is not high and degradation after being drenched with rain, when making discharging bin with gas producing tube,
Can outside gas producing tube coated one layer of intensity height again, water resistance is good and (the figure of protective layer 5 of the material of good insulation preformance composition
1), such as epoxy resin or composite silicone rubber, a sandwich construction is formed, to play a part of protecting discharging bin.
The radius of steel ball transition electrode is unequal, or when steel ball spacing is unequal, between each pair transition electrode between steel ball
The capital of electric-field intensity is variant, and the continuous capability of the electric arc between each pair of steel ball electric discharge antithetical phrase becomes because of electric-field intensity therebetween
Change and produce difference.This species diversity is incorporated in discharging bin lateral opening hole or groove, changes electric-field strength between steel ball electrode by a larger margin
The stability of degree, be advantageous to fast shut-off power frequency arc.
Composite silicone rubber full skirt is covered on the outside of discharging bin can increase creep age distance on the outside of discharging bin.
When the main electrode of laddering electric discharge device step by step connects in two ports with discharging bin, upper end is the close of closing
Connection, lower end are open type connections.The main electrode of upper end is segmented into inside and outside two parts 3,4 (Fig. 1) being bolted.
Main electrode 3 inside discharging bin plays a part of triggering arc discharge in discharging bin, in the main electrode 4 of discharging bin tip exterior
Can and laddering electric discharge device step by step beyond electrical equipment between form electrical discharge arc, different parts increase discharging gap
Contribute to circuit and the lightning protection effect of equipment entirety.
Claims (14)
1. a kind of laddering electric discharge device step by step, it is characterised in that the laddering electric discharge device step by step is by a solid insulation
The tubular discharge storehouse of material composition, two metal main electrodes, the individual metal transfer electrode compositions of N (N >=2).The transition electrode exists
The regular arrangement of discharging bin interior edge inwall.It is described arrangement along the main electrode axially make arranged in a straight line or helical row or
Other curve modes arrange.The spacing of the adjacent electrode (including main electrode and transition electrode) of any two is not more than institute all the time
State in two electrodes any one electrode to the straight line between other any electrodes in addition to the electrode adjacent thereto away from
From.
2. laddering electric discharge device step by step according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the tubular discharge storehouse is round tube
Or sectional area is the tubing of other shapes.
3. laddering electric discharge device step by step according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the tubular discharge storehouse can be axle
To the interrupted tubing of well-balanced tubing or axial direction.
4. laddering electric discharge device step by step according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the tubular discharge storehouse can be pipe
The consistent tubing of wall thickness, the pipe thickness h (x)=Ch, x is a position on the discharging bin axial direction, ChIt is one normal
Number.The tubular discharge storehouse can also be the inconsistent tubing of pipe thickness, at this moment pipe thickness h (x, the α)=R2(x,
α)-R1(x, α), α are the instruction angles of radial direction where position in the pipe thickness, R2(x, α) is the discharging bin outer wall
To the distance of axis, R1(x, α) is distance of the discharging bin inwall to axis.
5. laddering electric discharge device step by step according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the tubular discharge storehouse is straight
, or once or several times bend, or the tubing of bending.
6. laddering electric discharge device step by step according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the discharging bin can be individual layer knot
Structure, sandwich construction can also be made.In the case of the multi-layer structure, it is to be in close contact between each layer.
7. laddering electric discharge device step by step according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the transition electrode is hemispherical electricity
Pole or semielliptical shape electrode.
8. laddering electric discharge device step by step according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the transition electrode can be geometry
Profile is consistent with size or geometric shape or size it is inconsistent.
9. laddering electric discharge device step by step according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the main electrode is disposed upon described
The both ends of discharging bin.The electric discharge position of two main electrode can be any shape.
10. laddering electric discharge device step by step according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the transition electrode is partly to be embedded in
On the discharging bin inwall, length of embedment is less than the wall thickness h (x) or h (x, α) of the discharging bin, fills axial direction and the electric discharge in hole
Storehouse axis is orthogonal.
11. laddering electric discharge device step by step according to claim 1, it is characterised in that be partly embedded in the discharging bin inwall
The top of the transition electrode apart from the discharging bin axis can be equidistant, or non-equally.
12. laddering electric discharge device step by step according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the main electrode is put with described
During two ports connection in electric storehouse, it is open connection to have one end, and the other end is enclosed connection.
13. laddering electric discharge device step by step according to claim 1, it is characterised in that be mounted with the outside of tubular discharge storehouse
Composite silicone rubber full skirt.
14. two main electrodes and discharging bin of the laddering electric discharge device step by step according to claim 1 and claim 14 are all
For closed connection when, it is characterised in that be in the discharging bin lateral opening hole or inside and outside side of cracking.Perforate can be round
It is shape or other geometries；Cracking can be straight line seam or curved slot.Perforate and crack and can be
The consistent straight hole of medial lateral size or straight line seam or the big round taper hole in the small outside in inner side or section are trapezoidal
Seam.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710956527.5A CN107680756A (en) | 2017-09-28 | 2017-09-28 | Laddering electric discharge device step by step |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710956527.5A CN107680756A (en) | 2017-09-28 | 2017-09-28 | Laddering electric discharge device step by step |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN107680756A true CN107680756A (en) | 2018-02-09 |
Family
ID=61140263
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710956527.5A Pending CN107680756A (en) | 2017-09-28 | 2017-09-28 | Laddering electric discharge device step by step |
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Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1314597A (en) * | 1970-08-03 | 1973-04-26 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Lightning arrester |
| CN201359893Y (en) * | 2009-02-27 | 2009-12-09 | 上海兆邦电力器材有限公司 | Lightning-proof suspension insulator |
| CN102486954A (en) * | 2010-12-02 | 2012-06-06 | 王巨丰 | Multi-interspace self-expanding strong-airflow arc extinguishing lightning protection device |
| CN103594210A (en) * | 2013-11-13 | 2014-02-19 | 王巨丰 | Multi-gap self-swelling strong-air-current longitudinal blow-out arc anti-thunder protecting device |
| CN104409968A (en) * | 2014-11-18 | 2015-03-11 | 广东电网有限责任公司佛山供电局 | Electrode |
| CN105070427A (en) * | 2015-08-22 | 2015-11-18 | 山东迅实电气有限公司 | Cross arm support voltage limiter for overhead line |
| CN205489000U (en) * | 2016-01-11 | 2016-08-17 | 武汉水院电气有限责任公司 | Be used for 10kV multi -stage series connection clearance thunderbolt flashover protector |
| CN207947125U (en) * | 2017-09-28 | 2018-10-09 | 上海兆邦电力器材有限公司 | Progressive electric discharge device step by step |
-
2017
- 2017-09-28 CN CN201710956527.5A patent/CN107680756A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1314597A (en) * | 1970-08-03 | 1973-04-26 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Lightning arrester |
| CN201359893Y (en) * | 2009-02-27 | 2009-12-09 | 上海兆邦电力器材有限公司 | Lightning-proof suspension insulator |
| CN102486954A (en) * | 2010-12-02 | 2012-06-06 | 王巨丰 | Multi-interspace self-expanding strong-airflow arc extinguishing lightning protection device |
| CN103594210A (en) * | 2013-11-13 | 2014-02-19 | 王巨丰 | Multi-gap self-swelling strong-air-current longitudinal blow-out arc anti-thunder protecting device |
| CN104409968A (en) * | 2014-11-18 | 2015-03-11 | 广东电网有限责任公司佛山供电局 | Electrode |
| CN105070427A (en) * | 2015-08-22 | 2015-11-18 | 山东迅实电气有限公司 | Cross arm support voltage limiter for overhead line |
| CN205489000U (en) * | 2016-01-11 | 2016-08-17 | 武汉水院电气有限责任公司 | Be used for 10kV multi -stage series connection clearance thunderbolt flashover protector |
| CN207947125U (en) * | 2017-09-28 | 2018-10-09 | 上海兆邦电力器材有限公司 | Progressive electric discharge device step by step |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
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| 李恒真;陈道品;王俊丰;邱凌;齐小军;陈斯翔;: "多重短间隙灭弧装置设计及其工频续流遮断能力测试", 南方电网技术, no. 07, pages 0 * |
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