CN107679744B - Line vulnerability index-based large power grid strategic channel dynamic identification method - Google Patents
Line vulnerability index-based large power grid strategic channel dynamic identification method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for dynamically identifying strategic channels of a large power grid based on line vulnerability indexes, which comprises the steps of obtaining power grid line information and establishing a reliability model of a line; calculating the vulnerability index of the line; and dynamically identifying strategic channels of the large power grid. According to the method, the line operation reliability model considering meteorological geographic factors and line tide is adopted, so that the line fault probability of dynamic change under different geographic positions, different weather conditions and different load levels can be calculated; for the lines with lower cascading failure probability of the trigger system, quickly calculating and sequencing according to the weighted vulnerability indexes provided by the text; compared with the vulnerability index based on the load rate entropy, the vulnerability index based on the load rate variance is more sensitive and visual, and the physical significance is very clear.
Description
Technical Field
The invention particularly relates to a line vulnerability index-based large power grid strategic channel dynamic identification method.
Background
With the development of national economic technology and the improvement of living standard of people, electric energy becomes essential secondary energy in daily production and life of people, and brings endless convenience to production and life of people.
With the development of power grid technology, the power grid of China has gradually entered the era of interconnection and intercommunication of large power grids. Although the large power grid era provides better guarantee for power dispatching and operation, higher requirements are also put forward on safe operation of the power grid.
The investigation of a series of major power failure accidents occurring in recent years shows that: blackout accidents in power systems always start with individual element failures and then progress to uncontrollable cascading failures, eventually leading to system crashes. In the process, the outage of a few key links in the power grid plays a great role in promoting the development and the expansion of cascading failures. How to find out these key links becomes a problem to be solved urgently. Due to the nonlinearity and time-varying property of the power system, the key links of the power system can also change along with the change of the operation state of the system and the external environment. In order to quickly and accurately identify system key links under different working conditions, corresponding dynamic identification algorithms need to be researched.
In the aspect of system structure vulnerability assessment, an assessment method based on a complex network theory is a main research direction. Early identification indicators were: the betweenness and the weighted betweenness between the nodes and the lines, the degree of the nodes, the average path length of the network, and the like. Since these early indicators were mostly derived from telecommunication networks and social networks, and did not consider the physical reality of the power system, there were related scholars who improved on this, such as: the number of electric channels, the number of capacity channels, the number of network flow channels, and the number of tidal flow channels. The improved indexes are calculated quickly, can be used for on-line evaluation and dynamic identification, and have certain accuracy; however, they only consider the vulnerability of the elements on the power grid topology structure, and the vulnerability of the elements in the system is also influenced by the power grid operating state and the external environment to a great extent, and the originally structurally non-vulnerable elements are likely to become vulnerable in a specific operating mode, which affects the identification accuracy of the index.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for dynamically identifying a strategic channel of a large power grid based on line vulnerability indexes, which has high identification accuracy and simple and reliable algorithm.
The invention provides a line vulnerability index-based large power grid strategic channel dynamic identification method, which comprises the following steps:
s1, acquiring geographic environment information, weather information and running information of a line of a power grid, and establishing a reliability model of the line;
s2, calculating the vulnerability index of the line according to the established line reliability model;
and S3, dynamically identifying the strategic channel of the large power grid according to the line vulnerability index obtained in the step S2.
Step S1, building a reliability model of the line, specifically, building the reliability model by using the following equation:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,the base probability, i.e. the probability of failure of line k under normal load flow,and also includes the average failure probability under different geographical meteorological conditions; i iskIs the current load current of the line k;the upper limit of the normal value of the load current of the line k; fk.maxThe fault probability that the protection device acts to cut off the line when the load current of the line k exceeds the maximum allowable load current; i isk.maxThe maximum allowable load current of the line k, such as the thermal stability limit or the setting of the protection device.
Step S2, calculating the vulnerability index of the line, specifically, calculating the vulnerability index by the following steps:
A. the method comprises the following steps of establishing a line vulnerability index based on load rate variance of a line by adopting the following formula:
in the formula DkThe vulnerability index of the line k about the load rate variance is shown, and the value of k is 1,2, …, n;for the power flow variance of the system after line k exits operation,the load rate variance of each line when the system normally operates;
wherein the variance of the load rateSatisfy the requirement ofWhere n is the total number of lines in the system, ηi0Is the load factor of line i, and
wherein the trend of the systemDifference (D)Satisfy the requirement ofWhere n is the total number of lines in the system, ηk,iThe load factor of line i after line k exits operation, and
B. the line vulnerability index of the load rate entropy is established by adopting the following formula:
in the formula GkTaking the value of k as a vulnerability index of a line k based on load rate entropy, wherein k is 1,2, …, n; h0Load rate entropy of each line when the system normally operates; hkThe load factor entropy of the system line after the line k exits from operation;
wherein the load rate entropy H of each line when the system is in normal operation0Satisfy the requirement ofWhere n is the total number of system lines in normal operation, etai0For the load rate, eta, of the line i during normal operation of the systemj0The load rate of the line j is the load rate of the system in normal operation;
wherein the load factor entropy H of the system line after the line k exits the operationkSatisfy the requirement ofWhere n is the total number of system lines in normal operation, etak,iFor the load factor, eta, of the line i after the line k is taken out of operationk,jThe load factor of the line j after the line k exits the operation;
C. calculating the electrical betweenness index of the circuit by adopting the following formula:
in the formula I(ij)(m, n) is the current, W, induced on circuit k after adding unit injection power element between generator-load node pair (i, j)iAs generator node weights, WjG is the generator set and L is the load set.
The step S2 further includes the following steps:
D. normalizing the obtained line vulnerability index based on the load rate variance, the obtained line vulnerability index based on the load rate entropy and the obtained electric medium index of the line by adopting the following formulas:
in the formula xkFor normalized index parameters, XkAs an index parameter before normalization, XmaxIs the maximum value of the index parameter before normalization, XminIs the minimum value of the index parameter before normalization.
Step S3, the dynamic identification of the strategic channel of the large power grid specifically includes the following steps:
(1) and (3) classifying the lines:
class i line: the line with the fault probability larger than or equal to the preset threshold value or the line which can cause the overload or overload of the rest lines of the system after the line is broken;
line class ii: the fault of the line is smaller than a preset threshold value, and the overload or overload of the rest line of the system can not be caused after the fault;
(2) and calculating the comprehensive vulnerability index of each classified line by adopting the following formula:
Zk=w1gk+w2dk+w3bk
in the formula is ZkComprehensive vulnerability index, g, of line kkLoad factor entropy for line kIndex, dkIs a load rate variance indicator of line k, bkIs an electrical index, w, of the line k1、w2、w3Is a weight and 1 ═ w1+w2+w3;
(3) Arranging the I-type line in front of the II-type line, and sequencing the I-type line in each type of line according to the comprehensive vulnerability index so as to obtain the total sequencing of all the lines; the more the ranking is, the larger the comprehensive vulnerability index value of the line is, the more important the line is, and the line is a strategic channel of a large power grid.
According to the method for dynamically identifying the strategic channel of the large power grid based on the line vulnerability index, the line operation reliability model considering meteorological geographic factors and line tide is adopted, so that the line fault probability of dynamic change under different geographic positions, different weather conditions and different load levels can be calculated; for the lines with lower cascading failure probability of the trigger system, quickly calculating and sequencing according to the weighted vulnerability indexes provided by the text; compared with the vulnerability index based on the load rate entropy, the vulnerability index based on the load rate variance is more sensitive and visual, and the physical significance is more definite.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the process of the present invention.
Detailed Description
FIG. 1 shows a flow chart of the method of the present invention: the invention provides a line vulnerability index-based large power grid strategic channel dynamic identification method, which comprises the following steps:
s1, acquiring geographic environment information, weather information and running information of a line of a power grid, and establishing a reliability model of the line; specifically, the reliability model is established by adopting the following formula:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,the fault probability of the line k under the normal tide is a basic probability, namely the fault probability of the line k under the normal tide comprises average fault probabilities under different geographical meteorological conditions; i iskIs the current load current of the line k;the upper limit of the normal value of the load current of the line k; fk.maxThe fault probability that the protection device acts to cut off the line when the load current of the line k exceeds the maximum allowable load current; i isk.maxIs the maximum allowable load current of the line k, such as the thermal stability limit or the setting value of the protection device;
s2, calculating the vulnerability index of the line according to the established line reliability model; specifically, the vulnerability index is calculated by the following steps:
A. the method comprises the following steps of establishing a line vulnerability index based on load rate variance of a line by adopting the following formula:
in the formula DkThe vulnerability index of the line k about the load rate variance is shown, and the value of k is 1,2, …, n;for the power flow variance of the system after line k exits operation,the load rate variance of each line when the system normally operates;
wherein the variance of the load rateSatisfy the requirement ofWhere n is the total number of lines in the system, ηi0Is the load factor of line i, and
wherein the power flow variance of the systemSatisfy the requirement ofWhere n is the total number of lines in the system, ηk,iThe load factor of line i after line k exits operation, and
B. the line vulnerability index of the load rate entropy is established by adopting the following formula:
in the formula GkTaking the value of k as a vulnerability index of a line k based on load rate entropy, wherein k is 1,2, …, n; h0Load rate entropy of each line when the system normally operates; hkThe load factor entropy of the system line after the line k exits from operation;
wherein the load rate entropy H of each line when the system is in normal operation0Satisfy the requirement ofWhere n is the total number of system lines in normal operation, etai0For the load rate, eta, of the line i during normal operation of the systemj0The load rate of the line j is the load rate of the system in normal operation;
wherein the load factor entropy H of the system line after the line k exits the operationkSatisfy the requirement ofWhere n is the total number of system lines in normal operation, etak,iFor the load factor, eta, of the line i after the line k is taken out of operationk,jThe load factor of the line j after the line k exits the operation;
C. calculating the electrical betweenness index of the circuit by adopting the following formula:
in the formula I(ij)(m, n) is the current, W, induced on circuit k after adding unit injection power element between generator-load node pair (i, j)iAs generator node weights, WjThe load weight is G, the generator set is G, and the load set is L;
D. normalizing the obtained line vulnerability index based on the load rate variance, the obtained line vulnerability index based on the load rate entropy and the obtained electric medium index of the line by adopting the following formulas:
in the formula xkFor normalized index parameters, XkAs an index parameter before normalization, XmaxIs the maximum value of the index parameter before normalization, XminIs the minimum value of the index parameter before normalization;
s3, dynamically identifying a strategic channel of the large power grid according to the line vulnerability index obtained in the step S2; specifically, the following steps are adopted for dynamic identification:
(1) and (3) classifying the lines:
class i line: the line with the fault probability larger than or equal to the preset threshold value or the line which can cause the overload or overload of the rest lines of the system after the line is broken;
line class ii: the fault of the line is smaller than a preset threshold value, and the overload or overload of the rest line of the system can not be caused after the fault;
(2) and calculating the comprehensive vulnerability index of each classified line by adopting the following formula:
Zk=w1gk+w2dk+w3bk
in the formula is ZkComprehensive vulnerability index, g, of line kkIs the load factor entropy index of line k, dkIs a load rate variance indicator of line k, bkIs an electrical index, w, of the line k1、w2、w3Is a weight and 1 ═ w1+w2+w3;
(3) Arranging the I-type line in front of the II-type line, and sequencing the I-type line in each type of line according to the comprehensive vulnerability index so as to obtain the total sequencing of all the lines; the higher the ranking is, the larger the comprehensive vulnerability index value of the line is, the more important the line is, and the line is a strategic channel of a large power grid.
Claims (3)
1. A line vulnerability index-based large power grid strategic channel dynamic identification method comprises the following steps:
s1, acquiring geographic environment information, weather information and running information of a line of a power grid, and establishing a reliability model of the line;
s2, calculating the vulnerability index of the line according to the established line reliability model; specifically, the vulnerability index is calculated by the following steps:
A. the method comprises the following steps of establishing a line vulnerability index based on load rate variance of a line by adopting the following formula:
in the formula DkThe vulnerability index of the line k about the load rate variance is shown, and the value of k is 1,2, …, n;for the power flow variance of the system after line k exits operation,the load rate variance of each line when the system normally operates;
wherein the variance of the load rateSatisfy the requirement ofWhere n is the total number of lines in the system, ηi0Is the load factor of line i, and
wherein the power flow variance of the systemSatisfy the requirement ofWhere n is the total number of lines in the system, ηk,iThe load factor of line i after line k exits operation, and
B. the line vulnerability index of the load rate entropy is established by adopting the following formula:
in the formula GkTaking the value of k as a vulnerability index of a line k based on load rate entropy, wherein k is 1,2, …, n; h0Load rate entropy of each line when the system normally operates; hkThe load factor entropy of the system line after the line k exits from operation;
wherein the load rate entropy H of each line when the system is in normal operation0Satisfy the requirement ofWhere n is the total number of system lines in normal operation, etai0For the load rate, eta, of the line i during normal operation of the systemj0The load rate of the line j is the load rate of the system in normal operation;
wherein the load factor entropy H of the system line after the line k exits the operationkSatisfy the requirement ofWhere n is the total number of system lines in normal operation, etak,iFor the load factor, eta, of the line i after the line k is taken out of operationk,jThe load factor of the line j after the line k exits the operation;
C. calculating the electrical betweenness index of the circuit by adopting the following formula:
in the formula I(ij)(m, n) is the current, W, induced on circuit k after adding unit injection power element between generator-load node pair (i, j)iAs generator node weights, WjThe load weight is G, the generator set is G, and the load set is L;
s3, dynamically identifying a strategic channel of the large power grid according to the line vulnerability index obtained in the step S2; specifically, the following steps are adopted for dynamic identification:
(1) and (3) classifying the lines:
class i line: the line with the fault probability larger than or equal to the preset threshold value or the line which can cause the overload or overload of the rest lines of the system after the line is broken;
line class ii: the fault of the line is smaller than a preset threshold value, and the overload or overload of the rest line of the system can not be caused after the fault;
(2) and calculating the comprehensive vulnerability index of each classified line by adopting the following formula:
Zk=w1gk+w2dk+w3bk
in the formula ZkIs an overall vulnerability index, g, for line kkIs the load factor entropy index of line k, dkIs a load rate variance indicator of line k, bkIs an electrical index, w, of the line k1、w2、w3Is a weight and 1 ═ w1+w2+w3;
(3) Arranging the I-type line in front of the II-type line, and sequencing the I-type line in each type of line according to the comprehensive vulnerability index so as to obtain the total sequencing of all the lines; the higher the ranking is, the larger the comprehensive vulnerability index value of the line is, the more important the line is, and the line is a strategic channel of a large power grid.
2. The method for dynamically identifying strategic path of the large power grid based on the line vulnerability index as claimed in claim 1, wherein said step S1 is to establish a reliability model of the line, specifically by adopting the following formula:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,the fault probability of the line k under the normal tide is a basic probability, namely the fault probability of the line k under the normal tide comprises average fault probabilities under different geographical meteorological conditions; i iskIs the current load current of the line k;the upper limit of the normal value of the load current of the line k; fk.maxThe fault probability that the protection device acts to cut off the line when the load current of the line k exceeds the maximum allowable load current; i isk.maxIs the maximum allowed load current for line k.
3. The method for dynamically identifying strategic path of a large power grid based on line vulnerability metrics as claimed in claim 2, wherein said step S2 further comprises the steps of:
D. normalizing the obtained line vulnerability index based on the load rate variance, the obtained line vulnerability index based on the load rate entropy and the obtained electric medium index of the line by adopting the following formulas:
in the formula xkFor normalized index parameters, XkAs an index parameter before normalization, XmaxIs the maximum value of the index parameter before normalization, XminIs the minimum value of the index parameter before normalization.
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