CN107671108A - Curing for hazardous waste - Google Patents
Curing for hazardous waste Download PDFInfo
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- CN107671108A CN107671108A CN201711015569.5A CN201711015569A CN107671108A CN 107671108 A CN107671108 A CN 107671108A CN 201711015569 A CN201711015569 A CN 201711015569A CN 107671108 A CN107671108 A CN 107671108A
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- Prior art keywords
- hazardous waste
- curing
- container
- added
- coagulant
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- 239000002920 hazardous waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000000701 coagulant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000019795 sodium metasilicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- IVAOQJNBYYIDSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O].[Na] Chemical compound [O].[Na] IVAOQJNBYYIDSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 15
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 29
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 29
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 23
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 22
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 22
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 21
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 15
- MPPQGYCZBNURDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-propionyl-6-dimethylaminonaphthalene Chemical compound C1=C(N(C)C)C=CC2=CC(C(=O)CC)=CC=C21 MPPQGYCZBNURDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 11
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000036632 reaction speed Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000001473 noxious effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 3
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000013043 chemical agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical group C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000372132 Hydrometridae Species 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052790 beryllium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N beryllium atom Chemical compound [Be] ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009954 braiding Methods 0.000 description 1
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- PMYUVOOOQDGQNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexasodium;trioxido(trioxidosilyloxy)silane Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])O[Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] PMYUVOOOQDGQNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010814 metallic waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011017 operating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000007096 poisonous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910009112 xH2O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/20—Agglomeration, binding or encapsulation of solid waste
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of curing for hazardous waste, including：(1) a certain amount of hazardous waste containing pollutant is weighed to be fitted into container；(2) according to pollutant load in the hazardous waste, curing agent is added into the container, the mass ratio of the pollutant and the curing agent is 1:0.28~0.52；(3) according to pollutant load in the hazardous waste, at least one coagulant is added into the container, the mass ratio of the pollutant and the coagulant is 1:0.05~0.30；(4) hazardous waste, the curing agent and the coagulant are stirred and forms mixture；(5) mixture is added to sealing in maintenance bag and normal temperature conserves, the firming body of standard of landfill is met to formation.The present invention provides a kind of curing for hazardous waste, solves the problems such as existing curing processing cost is high, leaching rate is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to high-risk hazardous waste processing technology field, more particularly, to a kind of consolidating for hazardous waste
Change method.
Background technology
The mankind and environment can be produced for the hazardous waste of representative with arsenic-containing waste, containing heavy metal waste (such as chromium, cadmium, nickel)
Raw significant damage, need to focus on disposal, it is impossible to arbitrarily pile up landfill.At present, it is harmless to the hazardous waste such as slag containing arsenic both at home and abroad
Change processing mainly using techniques such as stabilisation, solidification, security landfills, that is, reduce the toxicity of the hazardous wastes such as slag containing arsenic, arsenic will be contained
The treatment technology in inert base is fixed or be encapsulated in the hazardous wastes such as slag, it is isolated to greatest extent with biosphere.
Stabilization technology is mainly mixed from suitable chemical agent with hazardous waste, makes chemical agent and poisonous component
Fully reaction, so as to the chemical constitution of destruction of toxic component, makes it be changed into the danger of low soluble, low migration, hypotoxicity and gives up
Thing.Curing technology is mainly mixed from suitable curing agent with the hazardous waste after stabilization technology is handled, by danger
Waste is cemented to the closely knit block with definite shape, size and mechanical strength, then fills to landfill yard or other specific bits
Put, reduce mobility of the harmful substance to biosphere.
Handling that toxicity is big during the hazardous waste such as dreg containing arsenic, arsenic-containing smoke dust without value, curing technology uses
Encapsulating material to be cement-based solidified, cement usage amount is big but solidification effect is undesirable, and cement-based solidified technique has processing
The problems such as processing cost is high, leaching rate is high.
Therefore, it is necessary to a kind of curing for hazardous waste, to solve the above problems.
The content of the invention
In view of this, it is an object of the invention to propose a kind of curing for hazardous waste, solves existing solidification
The problems such as method cement treated cost is high, leaching rate is high.
Based on a kind of above-mentioned purpose curing for hazardous waste provided by the invention, including：
(1) a certain amount of hazardous waste containing pollutant is weighed to be fitted into container；
(2) according to pollutant load in the hazardous waste, curing agent, the pollutant and institute are added into the container
The mass ratio for stating curing agent is 1:0.28~0.52；
(3) according to pollutant load in the hazardous waste, at least one coagulant, the dirt are added into the container
The mass ratio for contaminating thing and the coagulant is 1:0.05~0.30；
(4) hazardous waste, the curing agent and the coagulant are stirred and forms mixture；
(5) mixture is added to sealing in maintenance bag and normal temperature conserves, the solidification of standard of landfill is met to formation
Body.
Preferably, also include before step (1)：Hazardous waste addition disintegrating machine is crushed, is crushed to grain
Footpath is not more than 25mm.
Preferably, also include in step (2)：The curing agent is added in solvent after dissolving and be added to the container
It is interior.
Preferably, also include in step (3)：The coagulant includes oxygen sodium metasilicate and gel, the oxygen sodium metasilicate
Mass fraction is 10.8%~100%, and the mass fraction of the gel is not higher than 89.2%.
Preferably, also include in step (4)：The curing agent and the oxygen sodium metasilicate are added in mixer, stirred
Mix 5min；The hazardous waste is added into the mixer, stirs 10min；The gel is added into the mixer, is stirred
Mix 10min.
Preferably, also include in step (4)：Solvent is added into the container, makes the mixture in the container
Pureed is formed, the temperature of the mixture is maintained at 30 DEG C~50 DEG C.
Preferably, also include before step (5)：The temperature of the mixture is cooled to not less than 15 in the container
℃。
Preferably, also include before step (5)：The pH value of the mixture in the container is adjusted to 7~12.
Preferably, also include in step (5)：The curing temperature scope of the maintenance bag is 15 DEG C~35 DEG C.
Furthermore it is preferred that also include in step (5)：The maintenance bag is put into insulating box and conserved, the perseverance
Temperature range is 20 DEG C~25 DEG C in incubator.
From the above it can be seen that provided by the present invention for the curing of hazardous waste, compared with prior art,
With advantages below：Good solidification effect is provided, reduces the leaching rate after the processing of noxious pollutant (such as arsenic, heavy metal),
Avoid polluting environment；The medicament kind used is few, and dosage is relatively low, can reduce processing cost；Can be with by increasing coagulant
Shorten the hardening time of hazardous waste, to shorten hazardous waste overall processing time.In addition, using waterglass as solidification
Agent, adds prodan and cement handles arsenic-containing waste residue as coagulant, can increase the stability of solidification effect, reduction has
The leaching rate of evil pollutant, and reduce solidification cost and increase-volume ratio.
Brief description of the drawings
By the way that embodiment is described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, features described above of the invention and technological merit will become
More understand and be readily appreciated that.
Fig. 1 is the schematic flow sheet of the curing for hazardous waste used in the specific embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
For the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention are more clearly understood, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, and reference
Accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in more detail.Wherein identical parts are presented with like reference characters.Need what is illustrated
It is that word "front", "rear", "left", "right", the "up" and "down" used in describing below refers to the direction in accompanying drawing.Use
Word " interior " and " outer " refer respectively to towards or away from the direction of particular elements geometric center.
Fig. 1 is the schematic flow sheet of the curing for hazardous waste used in the specific embodiment of the invention.Such as Fig. 1
Shown, the curing for hazardous waste includes：
(1) it is to weigh a certain amount of hazardous waste containing pollutant to be fitted into container；
(2) it is the quality of adding curing agent, pollutant and curing agent into container according to pollutant load in hazardous waste
Than for 1:0.28~0.52；
(3) it is according to pollutant load in hazardous waste, at least one coagulant is added into container, pollutant coagulates with promoting
The mass ratio of agent is 1:0.05~0.30；
(4) it is that stirring hazardous waste, curing agent and coagulant form mixture；
(5) it is that mixture is added to sealing and normal temperature maintenance in maintenance bag, the firming body of standard of landfill is met to formation.
Hazardous waste is handled by the above method, the leaching after the processing of noxious pollutant (such as arsenic, heavy metal) can be reduced
Extracting rate, ensure good solidification effect, avoid polluting environment；The medicament kind used is few, and dosage is relatively low, can reduce processing
Cost；The hardening time of hazardous waste can be shortened by increasing coagulant, to shorten hazardous waste overall processing time.
To accelerate the reaction speed of pollutant and curing agent, coagulant in hazardous waste, it is preferable that before step (1)
Also include：Hazardous waste addition disintegrating machine is crushed, particle diameter is crushed to and is not more than 25mm.By the grain for reducing hazardous waste
Footpath, the pollutant of the inside is set fully to be contacted with curing agent and coagulant, to improve reaction speed.
To accelerate the reaction speed of pollutant and curing agent in hazardous waste, solidification effect is improved, it is preferable that in step
(2) also include in：Curing agent is added in solvent after dissolving and be added in container.
In the present embodiment, curing agent can use water-soluble silicate, such as waterglass or water glass solution, modulus of water glass
For 2.7, proportion 1.4；Waterglass or the stability of water glass solution increase solidification, the leaching rate for reducing arsenic；Waterglass or water
Glass solution chief component includes the mixture of sodium metasilicate and the cabosil of height aquation, such as mainly includes orthosilicic acid
Sodium (Na4O3Si), sodium metasilicate (Na2OSiO2), sodium disilicate (Na2O2SiO5) and silica colloidal particle.Waterglass or
The condensation of water glass solution and sclerogen are because including：On the one hand it is due to that the self-contained moisture of waterglass easily evaporates, makes molten
Gelling is poly-, is on the other hand due to the CO in absorption air2And carbonic acid is produced, neutralized with the alkali in water glass solution, make silica gel
Separate out and be condensed into gel, reaction formula is as follows：
Na2OnSiO2+H2CO3+xH2O=Na2CO3+nSiO2(x+1)H2O
In addition, generally use water, deionized water, pure water are as solvent.Have hydrophilic pollutant can be with hazardous waste
Dissolved in water.
Solidify cost to reduce, improve increase-volume ratio, promote rate of set, it is preferable that also include in step (3)：Promote solidifying
Agent includes oxygen sodium metasilicate and gel, and the mass fraction of oxygen sodium metasilicate is 10.8%~100%, and the mass fraction of gel is not high
In 89.2%.Gel can use cement, yellow sand, flyash etc..In the present embodiment, gel is cement.
To improve curing rate and rate of set, hazardous waste, curing agent and coagulant is set to be sufficiently mixed, it is preferable that
Also include in step (4)：Curing agent and oxygen sodium metasilicate are added in mixer, stir 5min；Hazardous waste is added to stirring
Mix in machine, stir 10min；Gel is added into mixer, stirs 10min.By stirring, abundant hazardous waste can be made, consolidated
Agent and coagulant, to improve reaction speed.
To accelerate the reaction speed of hazardous waste and curing agent, accelerate the dissolving of curing agent, improve solidification effect, preferably
Ground, also include in step (4)：Solvent is added into container, mixture in container is formed pureed, the temperature of mixture is protected
Hold at 30 DEG C~50 DEG C.In addition, generally use water, deionized water, pure water be as solvent, to simplify operating procedure, generally to
Hot water is added in container, so that mixture is in of a relatively high thermotonus.
To ensure maintenance effect, before maintenance bag is filled this blend into, mixture should be made to cool, it is preferable that
Also include before step (5)：The temperature of mixture is cooled to not less than 15 DEG C in container.Conserve bag generally use polypropylene, gather
The braiding of the polyester fibers such as ethene forms, and in the present embodiment, can use jumbo bag as maintenance bag.
To improve curing rate, increase the stability of solidification, it is preferable that also include before step (5)：Adjust in container
Mixture pH value to 7~12.When the pH value of mixture is relatively low, into container, addition calcium hydroxide powder is adjusted
Section, in the present embodiment, the pH of the mixture in container is adjusted to 10.
By shortening curing time, the disposed of in its entirety time of hazardous waste can be shortened, improve treatment effeciency, it is preferable that
Step also includes in (5)：The curing temperature scope for conserving bag is 15 DEG C~35 DEG C.
Further to shorten curing time, there is provided metastable maintenance effect, furthermore it is preferred that in step (5) also
Including：Maintenance bag is put into insulating box and conserved, temperature range is 20 DEG C~25 DEG C in insulating box.
Before landfill, the solidification sampler body in maintenance bag can be analyzed, detect the leaching rate and increase-volume ratio of pollutant
Whether satisfaction requirement, filled if it is satisfied, landfill yard can be transported, if being unsatisfactory for requiring, can unpacking re-start it is solid
Change.
With reference to specific embodiment, the curing for hazardous waste is further described.
Hazardous waste contains the one or more in arsenic, lead, chromium, cadmium, copper, zinc, beryllium, barium, nickel, by taking arsenic-containing waste residue as an example,
The quality of hazardous waste is 7t, and wherein arsenic content is 41%, and curing agent selects waterglass, and the quality of waterglass is 3.8t, is promoted solidifying
Prodan and cement, wherein prodan 0.4t, cement 1.4t are selected in agent.
Before solidifying to arsenic-containing waste residue, the optimum ratio that experiment determines curing agent and coagulant is first passed through, simultaneously
Investigate the influence of waterglass, prodan, the ratio of cement to solidification effect.Table 1 shows curing agent with coagulant to containing arsenic
The solidity test proportioning of waste residue.Wherein, the ratio between composition of arsenic-containing waste residue, curing agent and coagulant three is mass ratio；Use water
Measure as actual production dosage, be not included in required expense；According to 1300 yuan/t of waterglass, 2000 yuan/t of prodan, cement price
360 yuan/t calculates the price for solidifying arsenic-containing waste residue per ton.As shown in table 1：
The curing agent of table 1 matches with coagulant to the solidity test of arsenic-containing waste residue
As can be known from the above table, waterglass and prodan dosage are bigger, and price is higher, under identical prodan dosage, water glass
Glass dosage is bigger, and cost is higher.Under identical coagulant dosage, cement consumption is bigger, and prodan dosage is fewer, and cost is lower.
In the prior art, cement usage amount is about 10~15 times of cement usage amount in the present embodiment, relative to prior art, this implementation
Cement usage amount is greatly lowered in example, and cost is also greatly lowered.To sum up, by increasing a small amount of prodan and water glass
Glass, the usage amount of cement can be greatly lowered, to reduce cost.
According to the above-mentioned curing for hazardous waste, according to the ratio pair of waterglass, prodan, cement in table 1
Arsenic-containing waste residue is handled, and is conserved at normal temperatures, and table 2 shows solidity test of the curing agent with coagulant to arsenic-containing waste residue
Contrast.As shown in table 2, to three groups of parallel samples of each sample making in table 1, to monitor solidification stability, leaching rate and increasing
Hold ratio.
The curing agent of table 2 contrasts with coagulant to the solidity test of arsenic-containing waste residue
To reduce caused error during sample monitoring, each sample uses identical monitoring method.Table 3 shows inspection
Survey project, detection method and method source.As shown in table 3,
The detection project of table 3, detection method and method source
After solidification in 15 days, to each sample detection arsenic content in table 2, leaching rate is calculated；Then to solidifying physical examination
Volume is surveyed, calculates increase-volume ratio, to select then suitable curing agent and coagulant usage amount.Table 4 shows arsenic-containing waste residue solidification examination
Test test result, as shown in table 4,
The arsenic-containing waste residue solidity test test result (hardening time of table 4：15 days)
It was found from from upper table, the mass ratio of curing agent and coagulant is 1:0.11~1.02, within the range, the leaching of arsenic
Rate is satisfied by the standard of landfill requirement of arsenic, i.e. the leaching rate of arsenic is respectively less than 2.5%, can meet qualified discharge requirement；In addition, solidification
Agent dosage is smaller, and coagulant dosage is bigger, increase-volume than ratio it is bigger；Increase-volume ratio is bigger, and amount of landfill is bigger；User can be according to filling out
The actual volume of field and the budget of processing cost are buried, to select the curing agent of suitable amount and coagulant.
Understood from the description above with practice, provided by the present invention for the curing of hazardous waste, with prior art
Compare, there is advantages below：Good solidification effect is provided, reduces the leaching after the processing of noxious pollutant (such as arsenic, heavy metal)
Extracting rate, avoid polluting environment；The medicament kind used is few, and dosage is relatively low, can reduce processing cost；By increasing coagulant
The hardening time of hazardous waste can be shortened, to shorten hazardous waste overall processing time.In addition, using waterglass as solid
Agent, adds prodan and cement handles arsenic-containing waste residue as coagulant, can increase the stability of solidification effect, reduce
The leaching rate of noxious pollutant, and reduce solidification cost and increase-volume ratio.
Those of ordinary skills in the art should understand that：The specific embodiment of the present invention is the foregoing is only, and
The limitation present invention is not used in, it is all within the purport of the present invention, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements done etc., it all should include
Within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
- A kind of 1. curing for hazardous waste, it is characterised in that including：(1) a certain amount of hazardous waste containing pollutant is weighed to be fitted into container；(2) according to pollutant load in the hazardous waste, add curing agent into the container, the pollutant with it is described solid The mass ratio of agent is 1:0.28~0.52；(3) according to pollutant load in the hazardous waste, at least one coagulant, the pollutant are added into the container Mass ratio with the coagulant is 1:0.05~0.30；(4) hazardous waste, the curing agent and the coagulant are stirred and forms mixture；(5) mixture is added to sealing in maintenance bag and normal temperature conserves, the firming body of standard of landfill is met to formation.
- 2. the curing according to claim 1 for hazardous waste, it is characterised in thatAlso include before step (1)：Hazardous waste addition disintegrating machine is crushed, particle diameter is crushed to and is not more than 25mm。
- 3. the curing according to claim 1 for hazardous waste, it is characterised in thatAlso include in step (2)：The curing agent is added in solvent after dissolving and be added in the container.
- 4. the curing for hazardous waste according to any one of claims 1 to 3, it is characterised in thatAlso include in step (3)：The coagulant includes oxygen sodium metasilicate and gel, and the mass fraction of the oxygen sodium metasilicate is 10.8%~100%, the mass fraction of the gel is not higher than 89.2%.
- 5. the curing according to claim 4 for hazardous waste, it is characterised in thatAlso include in step (4)：The curing agent and the oxygen sodium metasilicate are added in mixer, stir 5min；Add The hazardous waste stirs 10min into the mixer；The gel is added into the mixer, stirs 10min.
- 6. the curing for hazardous waste according to any one of claims 1 to 3, it is characterised in thatAlso include in step (4)：Solvent is added into the container, the mixture in the container is formed pureed, will The temperature of the mixture is maintained at 30 DEG C~50 DEG C.
- 7. the curing according to claim 6 for hazardous waste, it is characterised in thatAlso include before step (5)：The temperature of the mixture is cooled to not less than 15 DEG C in the container.
- 8. the curing for hazardous waste according to any one of claims 1 to 3, it is characterised in thatAlso include before step (5)：The pH value of the mixture in the container is adjusted to 7~12.
- 9. the curing for hazardous waste according to any one of claims 1 to 3, it is characterised in thatAlso include in step (5)：The curing temperature scope of the maintenance bag is 15 DEG C~35 DEG C.
- 10. the curing according to claim 9 for hazardous waste, it is characterised in thatAlso include in step (5)：The maintenance bag is put into insulating box and conserved, temperature range is in the insulating box 20 DEG C~25 DEG C.
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| CN112605101A (en) * | 2020-12-11 | 2021-04-06 | 扬州杰嘉工业固废处置有限公司 | Stabilizing treatment method for barium-containing waste |
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