CN1076686C

CN1076686C - Hydrovane submarine

Info

Publication number: CN1076686C
Application number: CN96112523A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 冯庆军
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1996-09-06
Filing date: 1996-09-06
Publication date: 2001-12-26
Anticipated expiration: 2016-09-06
Also published as: CN1153732A

Abstract

The present invention relates to a new method for a ship to dive under water. The defects of the narrow space, the complicated operation, the poor security, the high manufacturing cost, the narrow application range, etc. of a submarine are solved by the new method. The new method is mainly characterized in that a hydrofoil is reversely installed below the submarine, namely that the upper surface of the hydrofoil is a pressure surface, and the lower surface of the hydrofoil is a suction surface. When the submarine forwards runs on a water surface, downward sinking force can be generated on the hydrofoil. The reserve buoyancy of the submarine is overcome by the downward sinking force, and the downward sinking force dives under water. When the submarine is decelerated or is stopped, the downward sinking force generated on the reverse hydrofoil is reduced or disappears, and the submarine is floated on the water surface.

Description

Hydrovane submarine

The present invention is a kind of Hydrovane submarine that can dive beneath the water.

Before the 17th century, scientist that some are national and explorer once repeatedly carried out research and exploration that ship is dived beneath the water and travelled.1620, Dutch physicist built a underwater ship in Britain.Constitutes by wooden frame outsourcing ox-hide in the hull, the sheepskin capsule is housed in the ship, water filling in capsule, just dive beneath the water 3 to 5 meters the degree of depth of ship is discharged outboard to water in the capsule, and ship just emerges.This underwater ship is considered to the blank of submarine.The principle of work that submarine is dived beneath the water is such: water tank is set on submarine, and when submarine master water tank fills with water, the weight of increase is offset its reserve buoyance, and submarine is just dived beneath the water from the water surface.When submarine utilizes pressurized air the water in the main water tank is discharged, weight saving, reserve buoyance is recovered, and submarine is just from emerging under water.Also be provided with special adjustment water tank in the ship and adjust the variation of the submarine submerged condition buoyancy of drawing because of the change of the consumption of material, ammunition and sea water density.Ship initial and end portion also is provided with balanced water tank.By adjusting the water yield to eliminate the issuable under water trim of submarine.Interior and the degree of depth of conversion boat realizes by steering rudder and elevating rudder during the submarine submarine navigation.

Hydrofoil is the wing-shaped structure that can produce lift when underwater exercise.Upper surface is a suction surface, and lower surface is an acting face.When it is installed under the hydrofoil boat when navigating by water at a high speed, support ship heavy by the lift that hydrofoil produces, leave the water surface at the bottom of making part or all of ship.In order to produce variable lift, the wing flap by the control system transmission usually is set on hydrofoil.By rotation hydrofoil or wing flap to change the angle of attack, to realize the variation of lift.It is the heel that aileron is adjusted ship that application is installed in hydrofoil waterline both sides deflecting direction pair of opposite wing flap.

The objective of the invention is by make a kind of Hydrovane submarine that can dive beneath the water, solve the inner space that submarine exists narrow and small, handle complexity, poor stability, involve great expense, weak point such as field of application is wideless.

This Hydrovane submarine method for making that can dive beneath the water is: hydrofoil oppositely is installed in submarine equally to be had under the underwater ship of sealing and pressure shell, and promptly the hydrofoil upper surface is an acting face, and lower surface is a suction surface.When underwater ship to overtake the time, will produce a downward heavy power, by formula at the water surface on the hydrofoil of oppositely installing

L = \frac{1}{2} {PV}^{2} Se C_{L}

Learn that the lift L that hydrofoil produces and speed V square are directly proportional, along with the increase of speed, the heavy power that produces on the reverse hydrofoil is just increasing, and when this heavy power was enough to overcome the reserve buoyance of underwater ship, underwater ship was just dived beneath the water.When underspeeding or stop to travel, oppositely the heavy power that produces on the hydrofoil reduces or disappears, and in the time of can not overcoming the reserve buoyance of underwater ship, underwater ship just emerges.To change the angle of attack, realize the variation of the heavy power of reverse hydrofoil by rotation hydrofoil or wing flap, thus the lifting when handling underwater ship and moving under water and the trim of generation.Use aileron and adjust the heel that underwater ship moves under water and produces.

The present invention compared with prior art has the following advantages and characteristics:

1, submarine need be provided with many group water tanks and carry many high-pressure gas bottles, takies the big quantity space in the ship, causes the submarine inner space narrow and small.The present invention makes underwater ship no longer need to be provided with and organizes water tanks more and carry a large amount of high-pressure gas bottles with the hydrofoil system of oppositely installing, and has saved the inner big quantity space of underwater ship.

2, Submarine Control complexity, dive and come-up all need a plurality of steering programs, and each program needs certain hour just can finish again.The dive of underwater ship and come-up can realize by speed of increasing and decrease among the present invention, handle simply, and dive and come-up all can be finished at short notice.

3, need water filling or draining in water tank constantly in submarine diving and the floating-upward process, the centre of buoyancy is constantly changed, cause the submarine poor stability.Dive beneath the water the back transverse stability of submarine and longitudinal stability are required very high so that all need be limited, in case have bigger heel and trim easily to topple to the position of article in the ship and personnel's activity.Also easily lose i under water during et out of order.The same during with state on the water when using underwater ship submerged condition of the present invention, the centre of buoyancy is very high, and the centre of buoyancy is constant in dive and the floating-upward process.Therefore transverse stability and longitudinal stability are very high, bigger heel and trim also can be adjusted voluntarily, difficult toppling.Under water can be by slowing down or stagnation of movement float to the water surface rapidly during et out of order, so safety is good.

4, submarine often needs two cover systems to the equipment requirement condition height on the ship, and a cover is as emergency power.And need in ship, to be provided with many group water tanks and carry many high-pressure gas bottles, make the manufacturing process complexity, involve great expense, limited the field of application of submarine.Make underwater ship of the present invention because safety performance is better, the equipment requirement condition has been reduced relatively, do not needed more stand-by system.And owing to many group water tanks no longer are set and carry high-pressure gas bottle, saved a large amount of raws MAT'L, simplified manufacturing process, reduced cost.Except that potentiality aspect military and seabed research are big, also can be used widely at aspects such as tourism, transportation, sports, toy manufacturings.

Example

This ship adopts catamaran hull, and single be round barrel shape, and 2.5 meters of diameters are grown 20 meters, the sealing pressure hull of being made by high strength steel.Single hull displacement is 90000 kilograms, and total displacement is 180000 kilograms, and reserve buoyance accounts for 40% of displacement, promptly 72000 kilograms.The afterbody propeller advances.Two hunchbacked aerofoil profile hydrofoils that the hydrofoil that oppositely install this ship bottom selects for use tandem to arrange.10 meters in hydrofoil water, wide 2 meters, thickness is provided with wing flap and aileron than 0.14 on the hydrofoil.Wing flap and aileron chord account for 25% of hydrofoil chord length, and flap deflection range is 0 to+30 °.With acting face up, the ventricumbent hydrofoil of suction two ends, link to each other by the bottom of hydrofoil pillar with two hulls, it is 5 ° that the angle of attack is installed.Oppositely the hydrofoil of installing is except that providing heavy power, and two trestles that also are provided with between two hulls are as being rigidly connected between two hulls.Area of hydrofoil is 2 * 2 * 10=40 rice ², because it is very little that the angle of attack is installed, so hydrofoil lift area Sc approximates area of hydrofoil. and this hydrofoil lift coefficient when the wing flap zero deflection that angle of attack is installed is C _LCarry 0.4, the lift coefficient of deflection+30 ° is C _LCarry 1.45.By formula L=PV ²SeC _LLearn, when Hydrovane submarine when the moving velocity of the water surface is equal to or greater than 3 meter per seconds, the heavy power that produces on the hydrofoil is equal to or greater than the reserve buoyance of underwater ship, underwater ship can dive under water.If after using wing flap, owing to improved the hydrofoil lift coefficient, underwater ship is when being equal to or greater than the water speed of 1.56 meter per seconds, and the heavy power of generation also is enough to overcome reserve buoyance and dives beneath the water.Like this, underwater ship maximum horizontal moving velocity under water is 3 meter per seconds, and the minimum level moving velocity is 1.56 meter per seconds.Each hull both sides respectively is provided with 0.4 meter of 15 diameter, and the circular porthole of the withstand voltage clear glass of high strength is housed, and except that middle 3 portholes are commander compartment takies, can establish a seat before all the other each portholes.Binary tourism Hydrovane submarine can carry visitor 12 * 2 * 2=48 people.Each respectively establishes the sealing hatch door of 0.8 meter of a diameter before and after the direct tower above the hull, for personnel's underwater ship of coming in and going out.And between two hulls, establish two each wide one meter steel trestles, except that as the passage between body as two, also two hulls are fixed together with hydrofoil.The drawing of accompanying drawing is described as follows:

Fig. 1: be binary tourism Hydrovane submarine front view.

Fig. 2: be binary tourism Hydrovane submarine left view.

Fig. 3: be binary tourism Hydrovane submarine birds-eye view.

Fig. 4: be binary tourism Hydrovane submarine upward view.

Introduce embodiments of the invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:

Binary tourism Hydrovane submarine is mainly by groups such as hydrofoil (1), hydrofoil pillar (2), underwater ship hulls (3) Become. Hydrofoil (1) is oppositely to be installed under the underwater ship hull (3) by hydrofoil pillar (2), hydrofoil (1) pressure face Up, suction surface down. The afterbody of underwater ship hull (3) is equipped with propeller (4) and travels forward to promote underwater ship. In the both sides of underwater ship hull (3) 0.4 meter of 15 diameter are set respectively, the circular porthole of the withstand voltage clear glass of high strength is housed (5). The sealing hatch door of 0.8 meter of a diameter is respectively established in the front and back of conning-tower (8) above each underwater ship hull (3) (6), for personnel's underwater ship of coming in and going out. Two each wide 1 meter steel trestles (7) are set between two hulls (3), Except as the passage between two hulls, also with hydrofoil (1) two hulls (3) are fixed together.

Claims

A kind of Hydrovane submarine that can dive beneath the water is characterized in that: hydrofoil oppositely is installed in submarine equally to be had under the underwater ship hull of sealing and pressure shell, and the hydrofoil upper surface is an acting face, and lower surface is a suction surface.