CN107664629A - For analyzing measurement and/or analytical equipment and the method on travel road surface - Google Patents
For analyzing measurement and/or analytical equipment and the method on travel road surface Download PDFInfo
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- CN107664629A CN107664629A CN201710624049.8A CN201710624049A CN107664629A CN 107664629 A CN107664629 A CN 107664629A CN 201710624049 A CN201710624049 A CN 201710624049A CN 107664629 A CN107664629 A CN 107664629A
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- road surface
- travel road
- measurement
- light beam
- analytical equipment
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/30—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring roughness or irregularity of surfaces
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/55—Specular reflectivity
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/24—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring contours or curvatures
- G01B11/2441—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring contours or curvatures using interferometry
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B9/00—Measuring instruments characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B9/02—Interferometers
- G01B9/02015—Interferometers characterised by the beam path configuration
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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- Pathology (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to for analyzing travel road surface（104）Measurement and/or analytical equipment（100）.The measurement and/or analytical equipment（100）Including：It is arranged or vehicle can be arranged in（100）The detection equipment at place（106）, the detection equipment is configured to：By sending at least one light beam（110）To the travel road surface（104）On, detecting depends on travel road surface（104）Characteristic and/or state intensity distribution feature（112）；And analytical equipment（114）, the analytical equipment is configured to：Using the intensity distribution feature（112）In the case of, output is at least one to represent the travel road surface（104）Characteristic and/or state assay value（116）.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to measurement and/or the analytical equipment and for analyzing travel road surface for analyzing travel road surface
Method.Computer program is also subject of the present invention.
Background technology
Vehicle can be furnished with warning system, be covered and based on the small of road surface for alarm road humidity, thin ice, snow
The small ground attachment of roughness.
The content of the invention
Before such background, described using the scheme introduced herein according to of the present invention a kind of for analyzing row
Measurement and/or the analytical equipment on surface are sailed, a kind of method for analyzing travel road surface, one kind is described in addition and for example exists
Detection to the measurement data needed for methods described and makes device in this way and last Jie in the function of sensing system
Continued a kind of corresponding computer program.The favourable modification and improvement project of the device illustrated in the present invention by
The measure listed in preferred embodiment and other embodiments and it is feasible.
A kind of measurement and/or analytical equipment for being used to analyzing and/or evaluating the state on travel road surface is described, wherein,
The measurement and/or analytical equipment have following features：Arrangement or the detection equipment that can be arranged at vehicle, the detecting are set
It is standby to be configured to：Detected by sending at least one light beam to the travel road surface dependent on the travel road surface
The intensity distribution feature of characteristic and/or state；And analytical equipment, it is configured to：Using the intensity distribution feature
In the case of, the assay value of at least one characteristic and/or state for representing the travel road surface of output.
Travel road surface can be for example interpreted as the surface in street, road or the ground not fastened.The detecting is set
The region that the standby lower bottom that can for example arrange or can be arranged in vehicle, especially the protection dirt of the bottom and protection dabble
In.Detection equipment can be for example interpreted as a kind of with least one sensing for being used to detect the sensor element of radiation intensity
Device equipment and at least one optical element for being used to moulding or deflecting the light beam.For example, the detection equipment can construct
For interferometer, Michelson's interferometer is especially configured to.The light beam can for example refer to laser beam or such light beam：Its
It can be sent by the light emitting diode associated.Thus the light beam can be sent by luminescence unit, the luminescence unit is externally relative
It is configured in the measurement and/or analytical equipment, wherein herein, for such luminescence unit it can be considered that extremely different
Form.Equally, in one embodiment, it is described measurement and/or analytical equipment can have corresponding luminescence unit and by
This is independent of the external luminescence unit.The characteristic on travel road surface can be for example interpreted as roughness or arranged to institute
State the coefficient of friction on travel road surface.For example, assay value can be shown, if the travel road surface at least range selector
Covered by liquid film or ice sheet or overcoat.The state on travel road surface currently can be for example interpreted as travel road surface
A type of cover（Such as utilize snow, leaf, water or humidity）Or the age on travel road surface.
The scheme introduced herein based on cognition be, by suitable detection equipment be arranged on vehicle at, can be in car
Traveling during also or stopping contactlessly namely Mechanical Contact will not be directly over to analyze travel road surface immediately.
Thereby, it is possible to for example ensure the reliable, can freely controlling in time of coefficient of friction and will not be by the driver of vehicle
The detection noticed.This has the advantage that, can before critical system mode, such as ESP or ABS occur and intervening
Recognize the state on travel road surface.One additional advantage is comprehensive control on following aspect, i.e. should when and
How to measure.So as to for example substitute the analysis of sampling formula to perform automatic and continuous road condition analysis, so as to outstanding
It analyzes travel road surface exactly.
According to an embodiment, the detection equipment can be configured with first support arm and as Michelson's interferometer
Two support arms.
The detection equipment, which can have, is used to producing at least one light source of light beam, at least one beam splitting element, at least
One reflecting element and at least one sensor element.The beam splitting element can be configured to：Light beam is so distributed
Into the first beamlet and the second beamlet, i.e. so that first beamlet redirect to the travel road table by the first support arm
On face and second beamlet is redirect on the reflecting element by the second support arm.Beam splitting element can also be constructed
For：Assembling on the sensor element by light beam of the travel road surface through reflection and by light beam of the reflecting element through reflection.
Here, the sensor element can be configured to：Detectd in the case where using the light beam assembled by the beam splitting element
Survey the intensity distribution feature.Light source can be especially appreciated that the light emitting diode for laser diode or association.Beam splitting member
Part is it will be appreciated that be optical structural detail, for single light beam is divided into two beamlets.For example, the beam splitting element energy
Enough it is configured to the beam splitting square that is formed by two prisms or is configured to semi-transparent mirror.The reflecting element can for example refer to mirror
Or other optical structural details, for fully reflective light.The sensor element can for example refer to photoelectricity two
Pole pipe, phototransistor or imaging sensor, such as CCD or cmos sensor.The first support arm and the second support arm energy
It is enough to be orientated in a different direction.For example, the first support arm can be substantially perpendicular to travel road surface to extend, and it is described
Second support arm is moved towards substantially perpendicular to first support arm.The light beam reflected by travel road surface can for example refer to the first son
Beam, as long as the light beam is back redirect on the beam splitting element by travel road surface at least in part.Corresponding to this, by described anti-
The second beamlet can for example be referred to by penetrating light beam of the element through reflection, if the light beam at least partly by the reflecting element back
It redirect on the beam splitting element.The light beam assembled by the beam splitting element can be also referred to as different from the different of the light source
The different light beam of light source.The different light beam can be filtered out for example by means of suitable optical filter.Pass through this embodiment party
Formula, the intensity distribution feature for example can be superimposed upon interference by the beamlet reflected at road surface and at reference mirror
Measuring method meaning in detected using high accuracy.
The measurement and/or analytical equipment can have lasing light emitter as the light source according to another embodiment, with
Just laser beam is produced as the light beam.Pass through this embodiment, it is possible to increase the analysis on the travel road surface it is reliable
Property.
It is further advantageous that the reflecting element can be adjusted.Herein, the detection equipment can be configured to：
The distribution characteristics for representing the regulation stroke of the reflecting element is exported as the intensity distribution feature.It is for example, described anti-
Penetrating element can move also along the second support arm or can rotate, so as to can for example change the second support arm
Length.By this embodiment, the reliability of the analysis on the travel road surface can be further improved.
According to another embodiment, the detection equipment can be configured to：A kind of distribution characteristics is exported as institute
Intensity distribution feature is stated, the intensity distribution feature is represented in first position（In the first position, the sensor element detecting
Maximum intensity）And the second place（In the second place, the minimum intensity of the sensor element detecting）Between it is described
The regulation stroke of reflecting element.Thereby, it is possible to ask for the roughness on the travel road surface very accurately.
In addition, the detection equipment can have at least one optical filter element, for filtering out different from described
The different light of the different light source of light source.Different light can be interpreted as to have a kind of light beam of wavelength, the light beam is different from from described
The wavelength for the light beam that light source is sent.
Furthermore it is possible to integrate a kind of optical delay element（It is arranged in the beam splitting element and the sensor element
Between）, for extending optical path in the case of the spacing of physics is maintained.This delay element has for described
The permeable material with the refractive index more than 1 of wavelength of light beam.Through this, the structure that can reduce the detection equipment is high
Degree.
According to another embodiment, the analytical equipment can be configured to：By by the intensity distribution feature
Compared with least one benchmark distribution characteristics, ask for the roughness on the travel road surface and output represent it is described coarse
The value of degree is as the assay value.Benchmark distribution characteristics can be for example interpreted as to previously given roughness distribution characteristics.Institute
Stating benchmark distribution characteristics can for example arrange to specific road coating type.By this embodiment, can reliably ask
By way of road coating type or road condition.
Also advantageously, the detection equipment is configured to：By sending at least one other light beam to the traveling
On road surface, detecting is a kind of dependent on the characteristic on travel road surface and/or the other intensity distribution feature of state.Especially, institute
Different wavelength can be had by stating light beam and the other light beam, so as to the light beam and the other light beam varying strength
Ground is absorbed by the material on the travel road surface.The analytical equipment can be configured to：In addition described in use
The assay value is exported in the case of other intensity distribution feature.The other light beam also can for example refer to other
Laser beam.By this embodiment, such as realize identification humidity or icing travel road or the moisture film in travel road.
Scheme as described herein also set up it is a kind of using according to one of foregoing embodiment measurement and/or point
The method for being used to analyze travel road surface in the case of analysis apparatus, wherein, methods described includes following steps：
The intensity distribution feature detected by the detection equipment is read, and
The assay value is exported in the case of use intensity distribution characteristics.
According to an embodiment, methods described can be included by asking between detection equipment and travel road surface
The step of spacing is to calibrate the measurement and/or analytical equipment.By this embodiment, can make to tire pressure or right
The deduction of the load condition of vehicle.
For example, control signal can be produced in an optional step, for being controlled in the case where using assay value
Make the vehicle.
This method for example can controlled for example in software or in hardware or in the mixed form of software and hardware
Implement in device.
Principle described here has also set up a kind of device, and the device is configured to perform in corresponding equipment, grasped
The step of variations of method described here, is implemented in control in other words.Again by the present invention it is this by device in the form of
Implementation variations can quickly and efficiently solve the targeted task of the present invention.
On the other hand, described device can have at least one computing unit of process signal or data, believe for storing
Number or data at least one memory cell, at least one interface（It leads to sensor or actuator, so as to from the sensor
Read into sensor signal or for outputting data signals or control signal to actuator）And/or it is at least one be used for read into or
The communication interface imbedded in communication protocol of output data.Computing unit can be, for example, signal processor, microcontroller etc.,
Wherein, memory cell can be the memory cell of flash memory, EPROM or magnetic.The communication interface can be configured to：By data
Wirelessly and/or line read into or export, wherein, can read into or output line data communication interface by these data
Such as electricity ground or optically from corresponding data transmission link read into or be output in corresponding data transmission link.
It is being currently able to described device being interpreted as electric instrument, the electric instrument handles sensor signal and sends control according to this
Signal and/or data-signal processed.Described device can have such interface, and the interface can be with the side of hardware and/or software
Formula constructs.In a kind of construction in hardware, the interface can be, for example, to contain the extremely different of described device
The so-called system ASIC of a function part.But also it is possible that interface is circuit that is intrinsic, integrating or at least part
Ground includes discrete structural detail.In a kind of construction in a software form, interface can be software module, the software module example
As the side on a microcontroller in other software modules is present.
In a favourable design, the control vehicle, such as and control institute are realized by described device
State the personnel protection system of vehicle.On the other hand, described device can such as access sensors signal, such as acceleration transducer letter
Number, pressure sensor signal, steering angle sensor signal or environmental sensor signals.The manipulation performs by corresponding
Device, for example, turn to actuator or brake actuator or carried out by the motor controller of vehicle.
Also advantageously a kind of computer program product or there is the computer program of program code, program code can be stored up
In the presence of can be machine-readable carrier or storage medium, such as semiconductor memory, harddisk memory or optical memory on and by
The step of for performing, implementing and/or manipulate the method as described in one of foregoing embodiments, especially when the program product or
Program on device on computers or when running.
Brief description of the drawings
Illustrate in the accompanying drawings and explain embodiments of the invention in further detail in the explanation below.In accompanying drawing：
Fig. 1 is that have the schematic diagram according to the measurement of one embodiment and/or the vehicle of analytical equipment；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the detection equipment in Fig. 1；
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram according to the detection equipment of one embodiment；
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram according to the detection equipment of one embodiment；
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of the detection equipment in Fig. 4；
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of the detection equipment in Fig. 4；
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram according to the detection equipment of one embodiment；
Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram according to the device of one embodiment；
Fig. 9 is the flow chart according to the method for one embodiment；
Figure 10 is the chart for showing the typical value of road roughness；
Figure 11 is the chart for showing the translucency of the moisture film dependent on film thickness；
Figure 12 is the chart for showing the absorption coefficient of the spectrum of water and ice；
Figure 13 is reflexive chart for showing the spectrum of fine snow；With
Figure 14 is reflexive chart for showing the spectrum of the snow of medium grain.
Embodiment
In the ensuing explanation of the appropriate embodiment of the present invention, for showing in different drawings and similar
The element that ground works uses identical or similar reference, wherein, save the repeat specification to these elements.
Fig. 1 shows the schematic diagram having according to the measurement of one embodiment and/or the vehicle 100 of analytical equipment 102.With
Include detection equipment 106 in the measurement on analysis travel road surface 104 and/or analytical equipment 102, the detection equipment is herein for example
Installed in being opposite under the travel road surface 104, vehicle 100 as the possible infield at vehicle 100
At bottom 108.The detection equipment 106 is configured to：By sending light beam 110 to travel road surface 104, intensity distribution is asked for
Feature 112, the intensity distribution feature represent the characteristic and/or state on travel road surface 104.The detection equipment 106 is by described in
Intensity distribution feature 112 is transferred to the analytical equipment 114 of the measurement and/or analytical equipment 102.The structure of analytical equipment 114
Make and be used for：By assessing the intensity distribution feature 112, the characteristic and/or state and defeated on the travel road surface 104 are asked for
Go out corresponding assay value 116.According to embodiment shown in Fig. 1, the analytical equipment 114 enters the assay value 116
One step is conducted to controller 118, and the controller is configured to：The vehicle 100 is controlled in the case where using assay value 116.
According to this embodiment, the detection equipment 106 is configured to Michelson's interferometer, as below by means of figure
2 are explained in more detail like that.
Fig. 2 shows the schematic diagram of the detection equipment 106 in Fig. 1.Show the detecing in the form of by Michelson's interferometer
The measurement structure of measurement equipment 106.Here, the detection equipment 106 includes：Light source 200, it is to be used to produce laser beam work herein
For the lasing light emitter of light beam 110；And beam splitting element 202, e.g. beam splitting square, the beam splitting block configuration are used for institute herein
Light beam 110 is stated to divide for the first beamlet 204 and the second beamlet 206.Herein, the beam splitting element 202 is such by the first beamlet 204
Ground deflects, i.e. so that first beamlet is touched on the travel road surface 104 with relatively steep angle.First beamlet 204
Turned to and by the beam splitting toward backing towards beam splitting element 202 at least in part by being reflected at the travel road surface 104
Element allows by so as to which first beamlet 204 touches the sensor element for being opposite to the beam splitting element 202 and arranging
208th, it is referred to as on detector.The rays of first beamlet 204 between beam splitting element 202 and travel road surface 104
D can be utilized as first support arm 2101*n1To refer to.
Second beamlet 206 is allowed by so as to which second beamlet is fallen on relative to beam splitting element by beam splitting element 202
On the reflecting element as mirror 212 of 202 arrangements.The reflecting element 212 is configured to：Second beamlet 206
Back it redirect at least in part on the beam splitting element 202.For example, in fig. 2, the son reflected by the reflecting element 212
Beam 206 substantially perpendicularly deflects from the beam splitting element 202 towards the direction of the sensor element 208, so as to described the
One beamlet 204 and second beamlet 206 are interfered on the sensor element 208.In reflecting element 212 and beam splitting element
The rays of second beamlet 206 between 202 can be used as second support arm 214 and utilize d2*n2Refer to.
Sensor element 208, such as photodiode, phototransistor or the imaging sensor, are configured to：By
In the beamlet 204,206 of described two interference, the intensity distribution feature 112 is detected.
According to one embodiment, the reflecting element 212 can be adjusted, such as in order to change the second support arm 214
Length.
Fig. 3 shows the schematic diagram of the detection equipment 106 according to one embodiment.The detection equipment 106 is substantially right
The detection equipment that in foregoing should be illustrated by means of Fig. 1, the difference carried are that the detection equipment 106 additionally has in light source 200
There are two other light sources 300, for producing at least two other light beams 302.The other light beam 302 is by means of institute
Beam splitting element 202 is stated to be allocated and deflect in a manner of with the identical of light beam 110.In order to stop roughness concentration immediately,
Detection equipment 106 be for example configured with the single transmitting that can be controlled for example with 9-VECSEL- arrays（VECSEL=vertical
External cavity surface emission laser）For three single LASER Light Sources 200,300 that can be manipulated of form.As option, difference
The lateral distance of the transmitting can be controlled according to roughness.Maximum spacing between the light source 200,300 is for example
Between 2 to 3 mm.Spacing A between two adjacent juts 304 on the travel road surface 104 is in this case
Such as it is similarly positioned between 2 to 3 mm.
Fig. 4 shows the schematic diagram of the detection equipment 106 according to one embodiment.Show and recognize the covering traveling
The layer 400 on road surface 104, such as moisture film, ice sheet or snow lid.Different from Fig. 2, the light source 200 is according to this embodiment quilt
It is configured to：It is additional to wavelength X1Light beam 110, with being different from wavelength X1Wavelength X2The second light beam 401 send
Onto the beam splitting element 202.Respectively according to embodiment, the identification of layer 400 by means of two light beams 110, one of 401 or by
Carried out in two light beams 110,401.Because the layer 400 covers the roughness on the travel road surface 104, then described two
Individual light beam 110,401 due to its different wavelength and varying strength absorbed by the layer 400, so as to respectively according to absorb cause
Different interference patterns has been obtained for described two light beams 110,401.Corresponding to this, the sensor element 208 is in institute
State at the surface of layer 400 reflect there is wavelength X1Light beam 110 ask for compared to for wavelength X2The second light beam
401 other intensity distribution feature or roughness distribution characteristics, second light beam is through layer 400 until travel road surface 104.
Fig. 5 shows the schematic diagram of the detection equipment 106 in Fig. 4.Show and recognize the moist road in part or in institute
State the small snowfall on travel road surface 104.Furthermore it is described identification either by means of two light beams 110, one of 401 otherwise by
Carried out in two light beams 110,401.The travel road surface 104 is not properly covered in the initial scan herein, because in the traveling
Deposition on road surface 104 is less than the roughness on the travel road surface 104.Example shows a kind of scene in Figure 5, at it
In, two light beams 110,401 touch the jut on the travel road surface 104, so as to the haul distance base of the light beam 110
It is equal to the haul distance of second light beam 401 in sheet.
Fig. 6 shows the schematic diagram of the detection equipment 106 in Fig. 4.Different from Fig. 5, described two light beams 110,401 are being schemed
The depression in travel road surface 104 that part is filled up using deposition 600 is touched in scene shown in 6.Herein, it is described
Two light beams 110,401 be similar to it is foregoing as being illustrated by means of Fig. 4, based on its different wavelength varying strength by sinking
Product 600 absorbs, so as to ask for each other haul distances for described two light beams 110,401.
Fig. 7 shows the schematic diagram of the detection equipment 106 according to one embodiment.The detection equipment 106 is substantially right
The detection equipment illustrated before Ying Yu by means of Fig. 4 to 6, the difference carried is that the detection equipment 106 is additional to beam splitting element
202 have additional beam splitting element 700 and additional sensor element 702.According to this embodiment, additional beam splitting element
700 are arranged in the rays between beam splitting element 202 and sensor element 208.Described two beam splitting elements 202,700 distinguish structure
Make as beam splitting square, wherein, what the diagonally trend of the beam splitting element 202 having was reflected by the mirror of the beam splitting element 202
Face 704, and the additional beam splitting element 700 has diagonally trend adding by the additional beam splitting element 700
Mirror reflection face 706.Described two beam splitting elements 202,700 are for example so arranged each other, i.e. so that described two mirrors are anti-
Substantially parallel with each other move towards in the face 704,706 penetrated.The additional sensor element 702 is configured to：So that described two
Individual light beam 110,401 is deflected on the additional sensor element 702.Thus, the light beam 110,401 of described two interference is not
Only also detected by sensor element 208 by the additional sensor element 702.
According to embodiment shown in the figure 7, it is disposed between beam splitting element 102 and sensor element 208 optical
Filter element 708, it is for example with different from second wave length λ herein for filtering out different light2Wavelength light.Together
Sample, in the rays between the additional beam splitting element 700 and the additional sensor element 702, be disposed with one it is another
Outer optical filter element 710, the filter element are configured to：Filter out to have and be different from first wave length λ1Wavelength light
Line.In the support arm for the element that the delay element 705 that optionally can be used in reduction structure size is placed in the reflection light.
Fig. 8 shows the schematic diagram of the device 114 according to one embodiment.Described device 114 can refer to above borrowing
Help the analytical equipment that Fig. 1 illustrates.Described device 114 includes reading unit 810, is detected for reading by the detection equipment
The intensity distribution feature 112 arrived.Output unit 820 is configured to：So that intensity distribution feature 112 is received by reading unit 810
And output represents the analysis of the characteristic and/or state on the travel road surface in the case of use intensity distribution characteristics 112
Value 116.
Fig. 9 shows the flow chart of the method 900 according to one embodiment.Methods described 900 can be for example with reference to above
The device 114 that is illustrated by means of Fig. 8 is performed.Herein, the intensity distribution feature is read in a step 910.One
In individual other step 920, the assay value is exported in the case of use intensity distribution characteristics.
Step 910,920 can be consecutively carried out, such as also or in vehicle be stopped immediately during traveling.
According to an optional embodiment, the measurement and/or analytical equipment are for example being read in a step 930
It is calibrated before 910.On the other hand, the spacing between the detection equipment in measurement and/or analytical equipment and travel road surface is asked for.
Figure 10 shows the chart of the typical value for showing road roughness.Show a kind of roughness curve
1000, the roughness curve depends on the haul distance passed by reflect road roughness.
Figure 11 shows the chart of the translucency for showing the moisture film dependent on film thickness.Show that four arrange to each
The transmission curve 1100,1102,1104,1106 of one other wavelength.
Figure 12 shows the chart of the absorption coefficient of the spectrum for showing water and ice.The first coefficient curve 1200 is shown,
The coefficient curve is reflected dependent on the wavelength（In nm）Ice absorption coefficient（In 1/cm）, and the second coefficient song
Line 1202, the coefficient curve reflect the tendency of the absorption coefficient of the water dependent on wavelength.In the wave-length coverage 1204 entered by frame
In, described two absorption coefficients especially consumingly deviation each other.
Figure 13 shows reflexive chart of the spectrum for showing fine snow.Reflection linearity curve 1300 is shown, should
Reflection linearity curve is reflected dependent on wavelength（μm in）Fine snow reflectance（In percentage）Tendency.
Figure 14 shows reflexive chart of the spectrum of the snow for showing medium grain.Show reflection linearity curve
1400, the reflection linearity curve is reflected dependent on wavelength（μm in）Medium grain snow reflectance（In percentage）'s
Tendency.
Below so that proposed scheme is illustrated with other Languages again by means of Fig. 1 to 14 herein.
Vehicle bottom or it is comparable at vehicle 100 for the current suitable infield of measuring method at, installation
Have with least one LASER Light Source 200, beam splitting element 202（Or referred to as beam splitter）, mirror, light as reflecting element 212
The structure of filter and sensor element 208 as detector.By structure of the detection equipment 106 in the form of generation herein
A kind of interferometer in the embodiment of miniaturization of table, such as a kind of Michelson's interferometer, as probably shown in fig. 2
Like that.
The small haul distance of two support arms 210,214 based on the interferometer is poor, and short coherence length is enough, so as to
Small and favourable LASER Light Source in cost can be employed as light source 200.
The LASER Light Source 200 is by the beam splitter 202 for example small point（Luminous point）It is as vertical as possible or compared with
Be radiated in steep angle on the travel road surface 104, wherein, the beam splitter 202 the part of the light simultaneously
It redirect to the sensor element 208.
Back it is mapped on the beam splitter 202 by the light of the travel road surface 104 through reflection, it is polished back to arrive the sensing
Interfered on device element 208 and with the part redirecting on the sensor element 208 of the transmission beam.
Respectively according to embodiment, based on the intensity received at the sensor element 208, such as CCD detectors
Distribution characteristics 112, otherwise based on the position of reflecting element 212（In the position, it is maintained in the sensor element 208
The highest at place or minimum intensity）, it is inferred to the roughness on the travel road surface 104, namely in the local pole of groove
Depth between value and the jut on travel road surface 104.
The sampling of street distribution characteristics, as shown in Figure 10, during traveling or optionally by
Stopping carrying out immediately in the single transmitter that can be manipulated, such as by means of detection equipment, as by means of the detecting described in Fig. 3
Equipment is such.
In order to obtain the structure height of the very little of the detection equipment 106, make in the second support arm 214 of the interferometer
For option add have a kind of material, the material for the selected wavelength of the LASER Light Source 200 be it is transparent and
With high refractive index（n2>1）.Thus, the optical stroke is extended, and reduces the stroke of physics.
By the analytical equipment 114, measured roughness and need to be stored in the sensor element 208
The roughness distribution characteristics of different road coating types is compared.Therefrom so that the analytical equipment 114 asks for road like
State（Good or poor profile depth）Or current road coating type（Normal coating, whisper in sb.'s ear pitch（Flüsterteer）
Deng）As assay value 116.
One other function is using only a kind of wavelength or optionally identified using two kinds of different wavelength
Possible moisture film on road（The sliding phenomenon of drift）.In the first situation, such as only part is selected to be inhaled by the moisture film 400
The wavelength of receipts, wherein, the film thickness of the water is asked for based on expected and actually received power.Expected from substitution
Performance, use with optionally being followed one another in two operating points and measure twice, for asking for percentile suction
Receive, this can also be referred to as difference measurement.This is for example carried out by means of detection equipment, as before the detection equipment by means of Fig. 4
As explanation.When using two kinds of different wavelength, the measurement can be concurrently carried out identical at the time of, because described
Wavelength is differently absorbed.
In a similar way, can also be asked in the grooves, namely in local minimum based on different absorptions
Water remains, such as in order to prompt the driver of vehicle 100 for the moist road in part, as this point is shown in figs. 5 and 6
Like that.
The road of icing is identified as the measurement of moisture film 400 is similar, such as also by way of one or more wavelength
Road or thin ice, wherein, water and ice can be different due to different absorption coefficients, as long as have selected suitable wavelength.Herein,
There should be difference as big as possible between corresponding absorption coefficient, as this point shows in fig. 12.
When ice printing opacity, avenge for these wavelength based on the Multiple Scattering in being covered in snow for short wavelength largest portion
But high reflection, as visible from Figure 13 and 14.Based on this, using at the sensor element 208 of interferometer
Ionization meter enables to less snowfall by means of the reflection that is randomly assigned or causes snow lid by means of intensity higher all the time
Level identifies.
If two kinds of wavelength be used to identify, as shown in Figure 7, it should using two beam splitters 202,
700th, the filter of two sensor elements 208,702 and two narrow edges in terms of spectrum as optical filter element 708,
710.Typically, the corresponding quantity of beam splitter, sensor element and optical filter element should be identical to that used wavelength
Quantity.
One other function is in the measurement of the traveling foregoing description and/or the initial calibration of analytical equipment 100.By strong
Degree measurement or the regulation of reflecting element 212, can be methods described 900 the step of until reaching minimum of intensity or maximum
The spacing between detection equipment 106 and travel road surface 104 is accurately asked in 930.This point can be inferred that tire pressure
And the load condition of vehicle.
The measurement and/or analytical equipment 100 are particularly suitable for use in and combining road management and control vehicle or sow vehicle to use, with
Road condition measurement for system is also or for ensuring the autonomous operation of vehicle.
The advantages of measurement and/or analytical equipment 100, can be as hereafter summarizing.
The input signal applied for car to X can be for example provided by the measurement and/or analytical equipment 100.
The detection equipment 106 can be arranged under the vehicle at the arbitrary infield of bottom, for example, based on compared with
It is small dirty and be arranged in rear portion.
The road condition on profile depth or road coating type is realized by the measurement and/or analytical equipment 100
Measurement.
In addition, the measurement and/or analytical equipment 100 realize and water film thickness measured on road, identify without water
The moist road of film, the icy roads for example in thin ice are identified, such as identified by means of less snowfall or snow lid
The road of accumulated snow, and measure tire pressure or load condition indirectly.
In addition, bias light can pass through suitably selected infield and suitably optical filtering such as surrounding enviroment light
Incoherent wavelength and reduced well.
The sampling rate of measurement and/or analytical equipment for the typical travel speed up to 100 km/h can be such as
Such as get off calculating.
Shannon is performed for following car speeds to assess：
10 km/h ≡ 2. 8 m/s
100 km/h ≡ 28 m/s
The horizontal or vertical resolution ratio of the sampling can be selected arbitrarily exactly, such as be accurate to 1 μm.
If the system should be pulsation, d is applicable1~d2.Repetitive rate is for example calculated as 1 nHz.
When launching for every millimeter at least two, obtain：
2. 8 m/s → in 350 μ s the transmitting of 1 mm → 350 it is feasible
The transmitting of 28 m/s → in 35 μ s, 1 mm → 35 is feasible.
If one embodiment is included in the "and/or" association between fisrt feature and second feature, this point is such
Understand on ground：I.e. the embodiment has fisrt feature and second feature according to an embodiment, and according to another implementation
Mode is either only with fisrt feature or only with second feature.
Claims (13)
1. one kind is used to analyze travel road surface（104）Measurement and/or analytical equipment（100）, wherein, it is described measurement and/or
Analytical equipment（100）With following features：
It is arranged or vehicle can be arranged in（100）The detection equipment at place（106）, the detection equipment is configured to：By sending
At least one light beam（110）To the travel road surface（104）On, detecting depends on travel road surface（104）Characteristic and/or
The intensity distribution feature of state（112）；And
Analytical equipment（114）, the analytical equipment is configured to：Using the intensity distribution feature（112）In the case of, output
It is at least one to represent the travel road surface（104）Characteristic and/or state assay value（116）.
2. according to the measurement described in claim 1 and/or analytical equipment（100）, it is characterised in that the detection equipment（106）
It is configured as with first support arm（210）And second support arm（214）Michelson's interferometer, wherein, the detection equipment
（106）With for producing light beam（110）At least one light source（200）, at least one beam splitting element（202）, it is at least one
Reflecting element（212）With at least one sensor element（208）, wherein, the beam splitting element（202）It is configured to：Light
Beam（110）So it is assigned to the first beamlet（204）With the second beamlet（206）In, i.e. so that first beamlet（204）It is logical
Cross the first support arm（210）It redirect to the travel road surface（104）Upper and described second beamlet（206）Pass through described
Two support arms（214）It redirect to the reflecting element（212）On, wherein, the beam splitting element（202）Also it is configured to：By
Travel road surface（104）Light beam through reflection（204）With by reflecting element（212）Light beam through reflection（206）In sensor member
Part（208）Upper aggregation, wherein, the sensor element（208）It is configured to：Pass through the beam splitting element using（202）
The light beam of aggregation（204、206）In the case of detect the intensity distribution feature（112）.
3. according to the measurement described in claim 2 and/or analytical equipment（100）, it is characterised in that the light source（200）Construction
For lasing light emitter, to produce laser beam as the light beam（110）.
4. according to the measurement described in Claims 2 or 3 and/or analytical equipment（100）, it is characterised in that the reflecting element
（212）It can adjust, wherein, the detection equipment（106）It is configured to：Representing the reflecting element（212）Regulation
The distribution characteristics of stroke is as the intensity distribution feature（112）Exported.
5. according to the measurement described in claim 4 and/or analytical equipment（100）, it is characterised in that the detection equipment（106）
It is configured to：A kind of distribution characteristics is exported as the intensity distribution feature（112）, intensity distribution feature representative is first
The reflecting element between position and the second place（212）Regulation stroke, in the first position, sensor member
Part（208）Detect maximum intensity, in the second place, the sensor element（208）Detect minimum intensity.
6. according to the measurement any one of claim 2 to 5 and/or analytical equipment（100）, it is characterised in that it is described to detect
Measurement equipment（106）With at least one optical filter element（708）, it is different from the light source for filtering out（200）It is different
The different light of light source, and/or the second support arm（214）With for the light beam（110）Wavelength it is permeable have it is big
In the material of 1 refractive index, especially wherein, the optical filter element（708）It is arranged in beam splitting element（202）And sensor
Element（208）Between.
7. according to the measurement any one of preceding claims and/or analytical equipment（100）, it is characterised in that described point
Desorption device（114）It is configured to：By by the intensity distribution feature（112）Compared with least one benchmark distribution characteristics
Compared with asking for the travel road surface（104）Roughness and output represent the value of the roughness as the assay value
（116）.
8. according to the measurement any one of preceding claims and/or analytical equipment（100）, it is characterised in that it is described to detect
Measurement equipment（106）It is configured to：By sending at least one other light beam（401）To the travel road surface（104）On, detect
Survey depends on travel road surface（104）Characteristic and/or state other intensity distribution feature, especially wherein, the light beam
（110）With the other light beam（401）With different wavelength, so as to the light beam（110）With the other light beam
（401）Varying strength by positioned at the travel road surface（104）On material（400；600）Absorb, wherein, the analysis is set
It is standby（114）It is configured to：The assay value is exported in the case where using the other intensity distribution feature（116）.
It is 9. a kind of using according to the measurement any one of preceding claims and/or analytical equipment（100）In the case of
Analyze travel road surface（104）Method（900）, wherein, methods described（900）Including following steps：
Read（910）By the detection equipment（106）The intensity distribution feature detected（112）；And
In use intensity distribution characteristics（112）In the case of export（920）The assay value（116）.
10. in accordance with the method for claim 9（900）, it is characterised in that step（930）：By asking in detection equipment
（106）With travel road surface（104）Between spacing calibrate the measurement and/or analytical equipment（100）.
11. one kind has unit（810、820）Device（114）, the unit is configured to implement and/or manipulated will according to right
Seek the method described in 9 or 10（900）.
12. a kind of computer program, it is configured to implement and/or manipulated according to the method described in claim 9 or 10
（900）.
13. a kind of storage medium that can be machine-readable, the storage medium is stored according to the computer program described in claim 12
On.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102016213850.2A DE102016213850A1 (en) | 2016-07-28 | 2016-07-28 | Measuring and / or analyzing device for analyzing a road surface and method for analyzing a road surface |
| DE102016213850.2 | 2016-07-28 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN107664629A true CN107664629A (en) | 2018-02-06 |
Family
ID=60951379
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710624049.8A Pending CN107664629A (en) | 2016-07-28 | 2017-07-27 | For analyzing measurement and/or analytical equipment and the method on travel road surface |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN107664629A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE102016213850A1 (en) |
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|---|---|
| DE102016213850A1 (en) | 2018-02-01 |
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Application publication date: 20180206 |