CN107658858B - A kind of Vehicular power protective circuit - Google Patents
A kind of Vehicular power protective circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN107658858B CN107658858B CN201710884312.7A CN201710884312A CN107658858B CN 107658858 B CN107658858 B CN 107658858B CN 201710884312 A CN201710884312 A CN 201710884312A CN 107658858 B CN107658858 B CN 107658858B
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H9/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection
- H02H9/04—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess voltage
- H02H9/045—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess voltage adapted to a particular application and not provided for elsewhere
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
- B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
- B60R16/03—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for
- B60R16/033—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for characterised by the use of electrical cells or batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
- H02M3/158—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
Abstract
The present invention relates to power technique fields more particularly to a kind of Vehicular power protective circuits, and diode D1 and decompression voltage regulator have been sequentially connected in series between power supply and load；Detection and boosting compensation circuit are parallel at the both ends of the diode D1.Goal of the invention of the invention is to provide a kind of Vehicular power protective circuit solve existing vehicle power supply impulse waveform and threaten solution expensive, need dimensional space big；The power supply chip met the requirements may be selected that less, the technical problems such as the shock problem of high-voltage pulse cannot be fully solved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to power technique fields more particularly to a kind of Vehicular power protective circuits.
Background technique
Current most automobile power supply system is made of automobile current generator and battery, and battery is in automobile starting
Starter provides electric power, and engine is helped normally to start；After engine start starter will with disengaged engine, and with
Power supply system is detached from.Engine operating drives generator operation, boost charge is carried out to battery, to vehicle-mounted together with battery
All electric module for power supply.However due to environment inside car complexity, in engine, the interaction of generator and battery
In the process, the connection of other load equipments and disconnection can all generate various power pulses and interfere.For these impulse disturbances,
Automobile Electronic Industry has formulated the standard of special test pulse, such as ISO7637, and some of them pulse is easy to machine inside electricity
Road damages or influences the steady operation of system.Concrete condition is as follows:
(1) battery supply moment over-voltage
Engine is continuously powered to battery and vehicle-mounted total system during running at high speed, abnormal
In the case of, because of cable aging or poor contact etc., the connection of battery is disconnected, power input generates a huge pulse, is
The pulse 5A waveform of ISO7637, as shown in Figure 1,12V power-supply system, can reach 87V, 24V system be can reach
174V, this pulse energy is huge, and lethality is serious, the regular damage of circuit of general vehicle entertainment system especially primary power source.
(2) cell voltage moment is fallen
In power pulse, the case where the appearance Voltage Drop that power supply can be regular, such as the pulse 4 of ISO7637, such as Fig. 2 institute
Show, engine start instantaneous power falls, and the interference of power supply short interruption isopulse is system the falling because of voltage of rear class, leads
Cause is frequently restarted, and norma functional operation is influenced.
In order to solve the threat of such impulse waveform, usually there are two types of methods:
Scheme one: power input prime increases Transient Suppression Diode (TVS pipe)+large capacity filter capacitor.This kind of two pole
Pipe is obvious for the high-voltage pulse effect of moment, directly clamped can arrive fixed voltage value, but expensive, size is big, cannot
Meet small-size product demand, such as ADAS, the small devices such as TBOX；Large capacity filter capacitor accumulation of energy is big, and when Voltage Drop plays
The effect of pressure stabilizing, this scheme works is obvious, but capacitance is bigger, needs dimensional space also very big.
Scheme two: prime increases the power supply chip that LC filter circuit+primary power source selects pressure voltage relatively high.Although in ruler
Very little to improve but also very harsh for rear class power supply chip requirements of type selecting, chip itself has selected pressure voltage relatively high
Power supply chip, cost also increase much, and the chip type selecting based on the program can not be fully against moment arteries and veins as type 5A
It hits in a state of excitement, brings limitation to design.
Existing solution is expensive, needs dimensional space big；The power supply chip met the requirements may be selected less, cannot be complete
Complete solution is determined the shock problem of high-voltage pulse.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention of the invention is to provide a kind of Vehicular power protective circuit solve existing vehicle power supply impulse wave
Shape threatens solution expensive, needs dimensional space big；The power supply chip met the requirements may be selected less, to be fully solved
The technical problems such as the shock problem of high-voltage pulse.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a kind of Vehicular power protective circuit, in electricity
Diode D1 and decompression voltage regulator have been sequentially connected in series between source and load；The both ends of the diode D1 be parallel with detection and
Boosting compensation circuit.
Preferably, the decompression voltage regulator includes charge mercury circuit, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1, triode Q2, diode D2, resistance
R1, resistance R2, resistance R3, resistance R4, voltage comparator U1 and reference power supply Vref；The pole D of the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 and charge mercury electricity
The anode on road is respectively connected to the cathode of the diode D1；The cathode of the pole G of the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 and the charge mercury circuit is therewith
Between access the resistance R1；The pole S of the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 is grounded by the resistance R3 and resistance R4；The diode D2's is negative
The cathode of pole and the pole C of triode Q2 access charge mercury circuit, the anode of the diode D2 are accessed with the pole E of triode Q2
The pole S of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1；The anode of the voltage comparator U1 accesses between the resistance R3 and resistance R4, and cathode accesses benchmark electricity
Source Vref, output end access the pole B of the triode by resistance R2；The extremely described decompression voltage regulator of the S of the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1
Output end.
Preferably, the detection and boosting compensation circuit include resistance R5, resistance R6, voltage comparator U2, switch control
Module, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q4, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q5, inductance L3 and capacitor C2；The output end of the decompression voltage regulator by the resistance R5 and
Resistance R6 ground connection；The cathode of the voltage comparator U2 accesses between the resistance R5 and resistance R6, and cathode accesses reference power supply
Vref, output end access the PIN1 input terminal of the switch control module；The PIN2 output end of the switch control module and
PIN3 output end is respectively connected to the pole G of the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q5 and metal-oxide-semiconductor Q4；The pole D of the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q4 is connect by the inductance L3
Enter the output end of the decompression voltage regulator, the pole S ground connection；The D of the inductance L3 and metal-oxide-semiconductor Q4 are accessed in the pole S of the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q5
Between pole, the pole D is grounded by capacitor C2, and is connect with the output end of the decompression voltage regulator, as the detection and boosting
The output end of compensation circuit.
Preferably, the switch control module is MCU or power supply processing chip.
Preferably, when the switch control module works, switch control module controls PIN2 foot output low level first,
PIN3 foot exports high level, and metal-oxide-semiconductor Q4 conducting, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q5 cut-off, electric current passes through inductance L3, with metal-oxide-semiconductor Q4 generation electric current I；Tightly
Then about after 1~5ms, switch control module controls PIN2 foot and exports high level, and PIN3 foot exports low level, and metal-oxide-semiconductor Q4 ends,
Metal-oxide-semiconductor Q5 conducting, for inductance L3 due to inductance current I to be existed, electric current passes through L3 and Q5, directly to late-class circuit charging pressure-boosting,
Complete boosting compensation.
It protects circuit to be replaced with diode D1 in the present invention, mainly plays the anti-pressure protection to vehicle power supply；Decompression is steady
Volt circuit also avoids making instead of high-power LC filter circuit and high-power TVS pipe on the basis of realizing lowering and stabilizing blood pressure effect
Component is encapsulated with big, to reduce size and reduce height；Detection and boosting compensation circuit are instead of the big storage for encapsulating large capacity
Energy capacitor, avoids the protection device using specific function, reduces product cost, and obtain metastable power input, electricity
Source impulse disturbances are effectively suppressed, and the alternative of rear level power supply increases.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, the present invention will be implemented below
Attached drawing needed in the description of example or the prior art is briefly described.It should be evident that the accompanying drawings in the following description
Only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, in not making the creative labor property
Under the premise of, it is also possible to obtain other drawings based on these drawings.
Fig. 1 is the pulse 5A waveform of vehicle power supply ISO7637；
Fig. 2 is the pulse 4A waveform of vehicle power supply ISO7637；
Fig. 3 is the circuit connection diagram for the scheme that existing solution impulse waveform threatens；
Fig. 4 is circuit connection of embodiment of the present invention block diagram；
Fig. 5 is circuit connection diagram of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is decompression voltage regulator of embodiment of the present invention figure；
Fig. 7 is detection of the embodiment of the present invention and the compensation circuit figure that boosts.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description.Obviously, described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts every other
Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Existing vehicle power supply impulse waveform threatens solution expensive, needs dimensional space big；The electricity met the requirements
Source chip may be selected that less, the technical problems such as the shock problem of high-voltage pulse cannot be fully solved.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, Fig. 4-5 is referred to, the present embodiment provides a kind of Vehicular power protective circuit,
It has been sequentially connected in series diode D1 and decompression voltage regulator between power supply and load, has been parallel with detection and boosting in diode D1
Compensation circuit.And power conversion chip U5 is in series with detecting and boosting between compensation circuit and load.
It protects circuit to be replaced with diode D1 in the present embodiment, mainly plays the anti-pressure protection to vehicle power supply；Decompression
Voltage regulator circuit is avoided instead of high-power LC filter circuit and high-power TVS pipe using big encapsulation component, to reduce size simultaneously
Reduce height；Detection circuit and boosting compensation circuit are instead of the big storage capacitor for encapsulating large capacity.
Specifically, referring to Fig. 6, decompression voltage regulator includes charge mercury circuit, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1, triode Q2, diode
D2, resistance R1, resistance R2, resistance R3, resistance R4, voltage comparator U1 and reference power supply Vref；The pole D of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 and charge
The anode of mercury circuit is respectively connected to the cathode of diode D1；The cathode of the pole G of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 and charge mercury circuit therewith between access electricity
Hinder R1；The pole S of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 is grounded by resistance R3 and resistance R4；Charge is accessed in the cathode of diode D2 and the pole C of triode Q2
The cathode of mercury circuit, the pole S of the pole the E access metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 of the anode and triode Q2 of diode D2；The anode of voltage comparator U1
It accesses between resistance R3 and resistance R4, cathode accesses reference power supply Vref, and output end accesses the pole B of triode by resistance R2；
The output end of the S of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 extremely decompression voltage regulator.
Wherein the chip solution of existing comparative maturity can be selected in charge mercury circuit or discrete device circuit is built；Reference power supply
Reference voltage Vref is provided as comparison amplifier, default setting 1V can be mentioned since reference voltage is sufficiently small by rear level power supply
For stable power supply power supply, the influence of fluctuations of level power supply before being substantially not subject to.
Above-mentioned decompression voltage regulator working principle is as follows:
On-vehicle battery anode is inputted from power inlet, by one-way conduction diode D1, into decompression voltage regulator mould
Block.When supply voltage is working properly, power supply provides energy for charge mercury circuit, and charge mercury circuit generates high level and drives MOS
Pipe Q1 conducting, power supply provide power supply by Q1 for rear class；When high-voltage pulse mutation occurs for supply voltage, power supply is still connected
Metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1, in the rear class of power supply, the anode of voltage comparator U1 is through R3, the electric resistance partial pressure transient rise of R4, by comparing logic
Operation, comparator U1 export high level, triode Q2 conducting, and metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 ends, and level power supply reduces after power supply, final to stablize
In the power range of restriction, the effect of lowering and stabilizing blood pressure is realized.
Fig. 7 is referred to, detection and boosting compensation circuit include resistance R5, resistance R6, voltage comparator U2, switch control mould
Block, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q4, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q5, inductance L3 and capacitor C2；The output end of decompression voltage regulator is grounded by resistance R5 and resistance R6；
Between the cathode access resistance R5 and resistance R6 of voltage comparator U2, cathode accesses reference power supply Vref, output end access switch
The PIN1 input terminal of control module；The PIN2 output end and PIN3 output end of switch control module are respectively connected to metal-oxide-semiconductor Q5 and MOS
The pole G of pipe Q4；The pole D of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q4 accesses the output end of decompression voltage regulator, the pole S ground connection by inductance L3；The pole S of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q5
It accesses between the pole D of inductance L3 and metal-oxide-semiconductor Q4, the pole D is grounded by capacitor C2, and is connect with the output end of decompression voltage regulator,
Output end as the compensation circuit that detects and boost.
For power supply after decompression voltage regulator, the power supply of output is the under-voltage power supply to normal voltage, in said structure,
The power supply processing chip of MCU or scheme maturation can be used in switch control module.
Above-mentioned detection and boosting compensation circuit working principle are as follows:
When supply voltage is normal, power supply passes through resistance R5, and R6 partial pressure is exported by operational amplifier CL Compare Logic operation
Low level, switch control module does not work at this time；When supply voltage occurs under-voltage, power supply passes through resistance R5, and R6 partial pressure passes through
High level is exported after operational amplifier, switch control module starts operating mode at this time.
When switch control module works, switch control module controls PIN2 foot output low level first, and the output of PIN3 foot is high
Level, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q4 conducting, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q5 cut-off, electric current pass through L3, generate high current I with Q4；And then about 1~5ms (switch frequency
200KHz~1MHz may be selected in rate) after, switch control module controls PIN2 foot and exports high level, and PIN3 foot exports low level, MOS
Pipe Q4 cut-off, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q5 conducting, since inductance L3 will have inductance current I, which is remained unchanged, electric current by L3 with
Q5, directly to late-class circuit charging pressure-boosting, under-voltage circuit obtains boosting compensation.
By the decompression voltage regulator of front stage circuits, after compensation circuit of boosting, power conversion chip U5 available one
Metastable power input does not need that the impact that whether can satisfy instantaneous pressure pulse considered further that at this time, does not need to increase yet
Capacitor is amplified as under-voltage compensation, so as to the transformation of relatively easy realization power supply.
Vehicular power protective circuit provided in this embodiment is avoided using large-sized TVS pipe is encapsulated greatly, and filter capacitor subtracts
The bulk of few component；The protection device using specific function is avoided, product cost is reduced；Power pulse has interfered
Effect inhibits, and the alternative of rear level power supply increases.
Embodiments described above does not constitute the restriction to the technical solution protection scope.It is any in above-mentioned implementation
Made modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements etc., should be included in the protection model of the technical solution within the spirit and principle of mode
Within enclosing.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of Vehicular power protective circuit, it is characterised in that: be sequentially connected in series diode D1 and drop between power supply and load
Press voltage regulator circuit；Detection and boosting compensation circuit are parallel at the both ends of the diode D1；
The decompression voltage regulator includes charge mercury circuit, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1, triode Q2, diode D2, resistance R1, resistance R2, electricity
Hinder R3, resistance R4, voltage comparator U1 and reference power supply Vref；The pole D of the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 and the anode difference of charge mercury circuit
Access the cathode of the diode D1；The resistance is accessed between the pole G of the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 and the cathode of the charge mercury circuit
R1；The pole S of the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 is grounded by the resistance R3 and resistance R4；The cathode of the diode D2 and the C of triode Q2
The cathode of charge mercury circuit, the pole S of the pole the E access metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 of the anode and triode Q2 of the diode D2 are accessed in pole；It is described
The anode of voltage comparator U1 accesses between the resistance R3 and resistance R4, and cathode accesses reference power supply Vref, and output end passes through
Resistance R2 accesses the pole B of the triode Q2；The output end of the extremely described decompression voltage regulator of the S of the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1.
2. a kind of Vehicular power protective circuit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the detection and boosting compensation electricity
Road includes resistance R5, resistance R6, voltage comparator U2, switch control module, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q4, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q5, inductance L3 and capacitor C2；
The output end of the decompression voltage regulator is grounded by the resistance R5 and resistance R6；The cathode of the voltage comparator U2 accesses
Between the resistance R5 and resistance R6, anode access reference power supply Vref, output end accesses the PIN1 of the switch control module
Input terminal；The PIN2 output end and PIN3 output end of the switch control module are respectively connected to the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q5's and metal-oxide-semiconductor Q4
The pole G；The pole D of the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q4 accesses the output end of the decompression voltage regulator, the pole S ground connection by the inductance L3；It is described
The pole S of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q5 is accessed between the inductance L3 and the pole D of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q4, and the pole D is grounded by capacitor C2, and the pole D and the drop
The output end connection for pressing voltage regulator circuit, the output end as the detection and boosting compensation circuit.
3. a kind of Vehicular power protective circuit according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the switch control module is
MCU or power supply processing chip.
4. a kind of Vehicular power protective circuit according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: the switch control module work
When, switch control module controls PIN2 foot output low level first, and PIN3 foot exports high level, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q4 conducting, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q5
Cut-off, electric current pass through inductance L3, generate electric current I with metal-oxide-semiconductor Q4；And then after 1~5ms, switch control module controls PIN2
Foot exports high level, and PIN3 foot exports low level, and metal-oxide-semiconductor Q4 cut-off, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q5 conducting, inductance L3 is due to that will have perceptual electricity
I is flowed, electric current completes boosting compensation directly to late-class circuit charging pressure-boosting by inductance L3 and metal-oxide-semiconductor Q5.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710884312.7A CN107658858B (en) | 2017-09-26 | 2017-09-26 | A kind of Vehicular power protective circuit |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710884312.7A CN107658858B (en) | 2017-09-26 | 2017-09-26 | A kind of Vehicular power protective circuit |
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| CN107658858A CN107658858A (en) | 2018-02-02 |
| CN107658858B true CN107658858B (en) | 2019-05-17 |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2016001363A1 (en) * | 2014-07-04 | 2016-01-07 | Valeo Vision | Step-up/step-down converter with a protective circuit |
| CN205178879U (en) * | 2015-12-08 | 2016-04-20 | 北京英赛德佳科技有限公司 | DC power supply with wide input voltage range |
| CN205901586U (en) * | 2016-08-17 | 2017-01-18 | 中国航空无线电电子研究所 | Voltage pre -stabilizing circuit with prevent joining conversely function |
-
2017
- 2017-09-26 CN CN201710884312.7A patent/CN107658858B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2016001363A1 (en) * | 2014-07-04 | 2016-01-07 | Valeo Vision | Step-up/step-down converter with a protective circuit |
| CN205178879U (en) * | 2015-12-08 | 2016-04-20 | 北京英赛德佳科技有限公司 | DC power supply with wide input voltage range |
| CN205901586U (en) * | 2016-08-17 | 2017-01-18 | 中国航空无线电电子研究所 | Voltage pre -stabilizing circuit with prevent joining conversely function |
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