CN107657641A - A kind of intelligent stone cutting method based on machine vision - Google Patents

A kind of intelligent stone cutting method based on machine vision Download PDF

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CN107657641A
CN107657641A CN201610591893.0A CN201610591893A CN107657641A CN 107657641 A CN107657641 A CN 107657641A CN 201610591893 A CN201610591893 A CN 201610591893A CN 107657641 A CN107657641 A CN 107657641A
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stone material
cutting
order
stone
profile
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CN107657641B (en
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张来刚
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Shandong Dongshengyun Intelligent Technology Co ltd
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Liaocheng University
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06TIMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T5/00Image enhancement or restoration
    • G06T5/80Geometric correction
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28DWORKING STONE OR STONE-LIKE MATERIALS
    • B28D1/00Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete or glass, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor
    • B28D1/22Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete or glass, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor by cutting, e.g. incising
    • B28D1/24Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete or glass, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor by cutting, e.g. incising with cutting discs
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06TIMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T2207/00Indexing scheme for image analysis or image enhancement
    • G06T2207/10Image acquisition modality
    • G06T2207/10004Still image; Photographic image
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06TIMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T2207/00Indexing scheme for image analysis or image enhancement
    • G06T2207/30Subject of image; Context of image processing
    • G06T2207/30108Industrial image inspection
    • G06T2207/30132Masonry; Concrete

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Processing Of Stones Or Stones Resemblance Materials (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to the intelligent stone cutting method based on machine vision, comprise the following steps:(1), industrial camera is demarcated;(2), order parses;(3) image, is obtained;(4), stone material contours extract;(5), typesetting is cut;(6), machining information real-time statistics.This method can effectively substitute Bartlit cutting need artificial nucleus to order, need manual measurement slabstone, need to manually formulate typesetting cutting scheme, need manually to knife cutting, need to manually count the series of processes such as machining information, be truly realized intelligent, efficient, reliable and stable stone material automation cutting.

Description

A kind of intelligent stone cutting method based on machine vision
Technical field
The invention belongs to stone material cutting technique field, is related to a kind of stone cutting method, more particularly to one kind is based on machine The intelligent stone cutting method of vision.
Background technology
Stone material is in use, it is necessary to be cut, to meet the different demands of shapes and sizes etc..But at present, Using makita 4100NH cutting stone material before, it is necessary to which manual measurement stone material size, artificial to formulate then according to actual processing request Typesetting scheme and cutting scheme, to ensure the high usage of whole stone material.In the process, waste time and energy, and precision is relatively low, holds Easily there is human error, so that typesetting and cutting scheme tend not to be optimal.
In view of the above-mentioned technological deficiency of prior art, there is an urgent need to develop a kind of new stone cutting method.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome shortcoming present in prior art, there is provided a kind of intelligent stone based on machine vision Material cutting method, this method can effectively substitute Bartlit cutting to need artificial nucleus to order, need manual measurement slabstone, need to manually make Determine typesetting cutting scheme, need manually to knife cutting, need to manually count the series of processes such as machining information, be truly realized intelligence, Efficiently, reliable and stable stone material automation cutting.
To achieve these goals, the present invention provides following technical scheme:A kind of intelligent stone material based on machine vision is cut Segmentation method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
(1), industrial camera is demarcated:Scaling board is lain against on work base frame, industrial computer sends instructions to PLC controls Device, drives cutting machine motion under the control of the PLC, and the industrial camera for making to be fixed on the cutting machine moves to The surface of the work base frame, the image of the scaling board is shot, carry out distortion correction, obtained distortion factor, then obtain The front view of the scaling board and the transition matrix for obtaining the front view, store calibrating parameters afterwards;
(2), order parses:Stone material involved in Fabrication Order is treated to be classified, sorted;Formulated according to ranking results The feeding order and process sequence of involved stone material in order;
(3) image, is obtained:The industrial computer sends instruction, makes control of the cutting machine in the PLC Work base frame when stone material is not placed in the lower surface for driving the industrial camera to move to the work base frame, shooting Image;Then, the stone material to be processed is placed on the work base frame, again shooting image;Finally, to shooting twice Image carry out distortion correction, obtain respectively the work base frame do not place stone material and place stone material when front view;
(4), stone material contours extract:First, front view when not placing stone material according to the work base frame and placing stone material Tentatively obtain the profile of the stone material;Then, the profile of the high accuracy of the stone material is further obtained;Finally, as needed, Manually correct the profile of the stone material;
(5), typesetting is cut:First, rectangle is inscribed in the maximum for calculating the profile of the stone material, determines one layout region;Then, Based on the one layout region and Fabrication Order, the typesetting scheme that can complete to impose uniformity without examining individual cases is formulated, and plan cutting path;Finally, The industrial computer sends cutting path to the PLC, and the PLC controls the cutting machine to the stone Material is cut;
(6), machining information real-time statistics:During cutting, the order and its processing quantity for having completed cutting are entered Row statistics, and real-time update is carried out to the state of order.
Further, wherein, the scaling board used is the chessboard of the big picture of high accuracy in the industrial camera demarcation Case marker fixed board, also, distortion correction is carried out using panorama picture of fisheye lens model in the industrial camera calibration process, obtain abnormal Variable coefficient, and obtain the front view of the scaling board using perspective projection and obtain the transition matrix of front view, then store Calibrating parameters.
Further, wherein, the order resolves to:According to the thickness of stone material material and stone material involved in order Order is classified, descending sort is carried out according to the size of monomer area to the order in same class, and according to ranking results Formulate the feeding order and process sequence of stone material involved in order.
Yet further, wherein, the contours extract is:First, background modeling is tentatively obtained based on mixed Gauss model Take stone material profile;Then, the high accuracy of the stone material is further obtained using the contours extract algorithm based on SVMs Profile;Finally, as needed, the profile of the stone material is manually corrected.
Diced system includes work base frame, work used by the intelligent stone cutting method based on machine vision of the present invention Computer and PLC are controlled, places slabstone to be cut on the work base frame, the both sides of the work base frame are respectively arranged with One cutting machine side bar, a beam guideway each is both provided with the cutting machine side bar, is set on two beam guideways There is a crossbeam, the crossbeam is provided with longeron, and the longeron is provided with feeding sucker manipulator and cutting machine, the cutting machine Upper end be provided with support, the support is provided with light source and industrial camera, and the industrial camera is connected with the industrial computer, The industrial computer is connected with the PLC, and the PLC is connected with the driver of the cutting machine.
Compared with existing stone cutting method, the intelligent stone cutting method of the invention based on machine vision has such as Lower advantageous effects:
1st, order can be poured into diced system and parse order data automatically by it, and stone material is determined according to analysis result Feeding order and Order Processing order, without manual intervention.
2nd, which employs intelligent high-accurate outline identification technology, successfully solves the slabstone profile high accuracy under complex background Extraction problem.
3rd, its on the basis of stone material contours extract is completed, successfully instead of it is artificial calculate one layout region, artificial typesetting and Artificial cutting, realize comprehensive intelligent, automation cutting.
4th, it can carry out real-time statistics to cutting information, carry out real-time update to order, for automatic packaging from now on, match somebody with somebody Goods, realize that the comprehensive automation of whole streamline is laid a good foundation.
5th, it can reduce cost of labor, improve stone material utilization rate, improve cutting efficiency, and possess machining information to recall Function.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 be the present invention the intelligent stone cutting method based on machine vision used by diced system composition signal Figure.
Fig. 2 is the schematic flow sheet of the intelligent stone cutting method based on machine vision of the present invention.
Embodiment
The present invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, and the content of embodiment is not as the guarantor to the present invention Protect the limitation of scope.
Before the intelligent stone cutting method based on machine vision of the present invention is introduced, first introduce used in this method Diced system.
Fig. 1 show the present invention the intelligent stone cutting method based on machine vision used by diced system composition Schematic diagram.As shown in figure 1, the intelligent stone material diced system based on machine vision of the present invention includes work base frame 1, industry control calculates Machine 12 and PLC 13.Wherein, stone material 2 to be cut can be placed on the work base frame 1.Preferably, the work base frame 1 Formed by wood board splicing.
The both sides of the work base frame 1 are respectively arranged with a cutting machine side bar 3.On each cutting machine side bar 3 It is provided with a beam guideway 4.Two beam guideways 4 are provided with a crossbeam 5.The crossbeam 5 can be along the crossbeam Guide rail 4 is movable.
The crossbeam 5 is provided with longeron 6.The longeron 6 can move left and right along the crossbeam 5.
The longeron 6 is provided with feeding sucker manipulator 7 and cutting machine 8.The feeding sucker manipulator 7 is used to draw stone Material, to realize the movement of stone material.The cutting machine 8 is used for the cutting for realizing stone material.Preferably, the lower end of the cutting machine 8 is set There is circular cutter, the cutting of the stone material to be cut 2 is realized by the circular cutter.The cutting machine 8 can be indulged along described Beam 6 moves up and down.So, the cutting machine 8 can be carried out relative to the stone material to be cut 2 being placed on the work base frame 1 Around and move up and down.
In addition, the upper end of the cutting machine 8 is provided with support 9.The support 9 is provided with light source 10 and industrial camera 11.Institute State the image that industrial camera 11 is used to obtain cutting zone.Preferably, the industrial camera 11 is furnished with wide-angle lens.The light source 10 are used to carry out light filling to shooting area, to reduce influence of the ambient light to shooting, so as to obtain the image of high quality.It is preferred that Ground, the light source 10 are LED light source.
The industrial camera 11 is connected with the industrial computer 12, so as to which the picture transfer of the high quality of acquisition is arrived The industrial computer 12, cutting path is planned according to the picture by the industrial computer 12.The industrial computer 12 It is connected with the PLC 13, the cutting path instruction of planning is transferred to the PLC 13.Further, it is possible to will Fabrication Order data are imported into the industrial computer 12 by USB flash disk or network etc..The PLC 13 and the cutting The driver of machine 8 is connected, to control the driver of the cutting machine 8 according to the instruction from the industrial computer 12, so as to Realize cutting.
Preferably, the crossbeam 5 is provided with the horizontal drive for driving the crossbeam 5 to be moved forward and backward along the beam guideway 4 Dynamic device.The longeron 6 is provided with the longitudinal drive for driving the longeron 6 to be moved left and right along the crossbeam 5.The cutting machine 8 are provided with the driver up and down for driving the cutting machine 8 to be moved up and down along the longeron 6.Also, the traverse driver, Longitudinal drive and upper and lower driver are all connected with the PLC 13.So, the PLC 13 can be according to next From the order-driven traverse driver of the industrial computer 12, longitudinal drive and upper and lower driver, so as to by the cutting Suitable location of cut is arrived in the driving of machine 8, to realize correctly cutting.
Fig. 2 shows the schematic flow sheet of the intelligent stone cutting method based on machine vision of the present invention.Such as Fig. 2 institutes Show, the intelligent stone cutting method of the invention based on machine vision comprises the following steps:
First, industrial camera is demarcated.
Before being cut, industrial camera demarcation is carried out first, to cause the picture more standard obtained.In the present invention In, when carrying out industrial camera demarcation, scaling board is lain against on the work base frame 1, then, the industrial computer 12 is sent Instruct to the PLC 13, drive the cutting machine 8 to move under the control of the PLC 13, make to be fixed on institute The surface that the industrial camera 11 on cutting machine 8 moves to the work base frame 1 is stated, shoots the image of the scaling board. Afterwards, distortion correction is carried out to the image of the scaling board, obtains distortion factor.Then, the front view of the scaling board is obtained And obtain the transition matrix of the front view.Finally, calibrating parameters are stored.
In the present invention, it is preferred to gridiron pattern scaling board of the scaling board for the big picture of high accuracy.Also, shooting institute Stating the image of scaling board includes obtaining the angle point image coordinate and angle point physical coordinates of the scaling board, and is based on the scaling board Angle point image coordinate and angle point physical coordinates the industrial camera 11 is demarcated.Certainly, in order to obtain accurate demarcation Parameter, the image of the scaling board can be carried out using panorama picture of fisheye lens model in the industrial camera calibration process abnormal Become correction, obtain distortion factor, and obtain the front view of the scaling board using perspective projection and obtain turning for front view Change matrix.Afterwards, accurate calibrating parameters are obtained and store calibrating parameters.
2nd, order parses.
Order to be processed can be poured into the industrial computer 12 by USB flash disk or network, be calculated by the industry control Machine 12 treats stone material involved in Fabrication Order and is classified, sorted;Stone involved in order is formulated according to ranking results The feeding order and process sequence of material.
In the present invention, it is preferred in order resolving, first, according to stone material material involved in order and The thickness of stone material is classified to order.Then, descending sort is carried out according to the size of monomer area to the order in same class. Finally, the feeding order and process sequence of stone material involved in order are formulated according to ranking results.
3rd, image is obtained.
The industrial computer 12 sends instruction, the cutting machine 8 is driven institute under the control of the PLC 13 The surface that industrial camera 11 moves to the work base frame 1 is stated, shoots the work base frame 1 when not placing stone material 2 first Image.Then, the stone material 2 to be processed is placed on the work base frame 1, again shooting image.Finally, to twice The image of shooting carries out distortion correction, obtains the front view when work base frame 1 does not place stone material 2 and places stone material 2 respectively.
In the present invention, equally distortion correction can be carried out to the image shot twice using panorama picture of fisheye lens model, Obtain distortion factor.Also, it can equally utilize perspective projection to obtain the work base frame 1 not placing stone material 2 and place stone Front view during material 2.
4th, stone material contours extract.
First, front view when not placed stone material 2 based on the work base frame 1 and placed stone material 2 tentatively obtains the stone The profile of material 2.Then, the profile of the high accuracy of the stone material 2 is further obtained.Finally, as needed, can be manually Correct the profile of the stone material 2.
In the present invention, it is preferred to front view when not placing stone material 2 according to the work base frame 1 and placing stone material 2, It is preliminary to obtain stone material profile based on mixed Gauss model to background modeling.And, it is preferable that using based on SVMs Contours extract algorithm further obtains the profile of the high accuracy of the stone material.Finally, as needed, can manually correct The profile of the stone material 2.So as to obtain the accurate profile of the stone material 2.
5th, typesetting is cut.
First, in the case where considering stone material thickness, automation plane survey is carried out, calculates the profile of the stone material 2 The inscribed rectangle of maximum, determines one layout region.Then, based on the one layout region and Fabrication Order, formulation can be completed to impose uniformity without examining individual cases Typesetting scheme, and plan cutting path.Finally, the industrial computer 12 sends cutting path to the PLC 13, The PLC 13 controls the cutting machine 8 to cut the stone material 2.
In the present invention, it is preferred to when formulating typesetting scheme, whether there can be decorative pattern trend according to slabstone, whether have Bad block, select different layout algorithms to formulate the typesetting scheme that can complete to impose uniformity without examining individual cases, and plan optimal cutling path.
6th, machining information real-time statistics.
During cutting, the order and its processing quantity for having completed cutting are counted, and to the state of order Carry out real-time update.Meanwhile process data can be recorded so that user can recall history process data.
Industrial camera equipped with wide-angle lens is fixed on by the intelligent stone cutting method based on machine vision of the present invention On cutting machine, light filling is carried out to shooting area using LED light source, to reduce influence of the ambient light to shooting;Industrial computer control Industrial camera processed obtains the image for the work base frame for not placing stone material, after stone material to be processed is placed on work base frame, work Industry camera shooting image again, distortion correction is carried out to the image of shooting, obtains the front view picture in work base frame region, it is then right Background is modeled, preliminary to obtain stone material profile, and the contours extract algorithm for being then based on SVMs further obtains Gao Zhun The stone material profile of exactness;Rectangle is inscribed in the maximum for calculating stone material profile, determines one layout region;Ordered based on one layout region and processing It is single, the scheme for the intelligent typesetting that can complete to impose uniformity without examining individual cases is formulated, and plan optimal cutling path;Computer send cutting path to PLC control system, PLC control system control cutting machine are cut to stone material;During cutting, to having completed cutting Order and its processing quantity are counted, and carry out real-time update to order status, and after the completion of cutting, machining information is united Meter record, history machining information is recalled with standby user.As can be seen here, the intelligent stone material cutting side of the invention based on machine vision Method can be based on machine vision and complete stone material outline identification, high-precision automatic measurement, intelligent typesetting, automation cutting and cutting Information Statistics, realize intelligence, the stone material cutting of automation.
The above embodiment of the present invention is only intended to clearly illustrate example of the present invention, and is not to the present invention Embodiment restriction.For those of ordinary skill in the field, can also make on the basis of the above description Other various forms of changes or variation.Here all embodiments can not be exhaustive.Every skill for belonging to the present invention Row of the obvious changes or variations that art scheme is extended out still in protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. a kind of intelligent stone cutting method based on machine vision, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
(1), industrial camera is demarcated:Scaling board is lain against on work base frame (1), industrial computer (12) sends instructions to PLC Controller (13), cutting machine (8) motion is driven under the control of the PLC (13), makes to be fixed on the cutting machine (8) On industrial camera (11) move to the surface of the work base frame (1), shoot the image of the scaling board, enter line distortion school Just, distortion factor is obtained, the front view of the scaling board is then obtained and obtains the transition matrix of the front view, store afterwards Calibrating parameters;
(2), order parses:Stone material involved in Fabrication Order is treated to be classified, sorted;Order is formulated according to ranking results In involved stone material feeding order and process sequence;
(3) image, is obtained:The industrial computer (12) sends instruction, makes the cutting machine (8) in the PLC (13) industrial camera (11) is driven to move to the surface of the work base frame (1) under control, stone material is not placed in shooting (2) image of the work base frame (1) when;Then, the stone material (2) to be processed is placed into the work base frame (1) On, shooting image again;Finally, distortion correction is carried out to the image shot twice, obtains the work base frame (1) respectively and do not put Front view when putting stone material (2) and placing stone material (2);
(4), stone material contours extract:First, when not placing stone material (2) according to the work base frame (1) and placing stone material (2) just View tentatively obtains the profile of the stone material (2);Then, the profile of the high accuracy of the stone material (2) is further obtained;Most Afterwards, as needed, the profile of the stone material (2) is manually corrected;
(5), typesetting is cut:First, rectangle is inscribed in the maximum for calculating the profile of the stone material (2), determines one layout region;Then, Based on the one layout region and Fabrication Order, the typesetting scheme that can complete to impose uniformity without examining individual cases is formulated, and plan cutting path;Finally, The industrial computer (12) sends cutting path and gives the PLC (13), is cut described in PLC (13) control Cutting mill (8) is cut to the stone material (2);
(6), machining information real-time statistics:During cutting, the order and its processing quantity for having completed cutting are united Meter, and real-time update is carried out to the state of order.
2. the intelligent stone cutting method based on machine vision according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the industrial camera The scaling board used is the gridiron pattern scaling board of the big picture of high accuracy in demarcation, also, calibrated in the industrial camera Distortion correction is carried out using panorama picture of fisheye lens model in journey, obtains distortion factor, and the mark is obtained using perspective projection The front view of fixed board and the transition matrix for obtaining front view, then store calibrating parameters.
3. the intelligent stone cutting method according to claim 2 based on machine vision, it is characterised in that the order solution Analyse and be:Order is classified according to the thickness of stone material material and stone material involved in order, the order in same class is pressed Carry out descending sort according to the size of monomer area, and formulated according to ranking results stone material involved in order feeding order and Process sequence.
4. the intelligent stone cutting method according to claim 3 based on machine vision, it is characterised in that the profile carries It is taken as:First, it is preliminary to obtain stone material profile based on mixed Gauss model to background modeling;Then, using based on SVMs Contours extract algorithm further obtain the stone material high accuracy profile;Finally, as needed, institute is manually corrected State the profile of stone material (2).
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