CN107656363A - Optical synthetic aperture imaging telescope array common-phase error detection method based on multi-wavelength phase modulation - Google Patents
Optical synthetic aperture imaging telescope array common-phase error detection method based on multi-wavelength phase modulation Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for detecting the co-phasing error of an optical synthetic aperture imaging telescope array based on multi-wavelength phase modulation, which comprises the steps of adding specific phase modulation to a sub-telescope of the synthetic aperture imaging telescope array, measuring a group of point spread function PSF values of the system by a camera, processing the group of PSF values to obtain partial phase differences of the telescope array under specific wavelengths, repeating the process under different wavelengths to obtain a plurality of partial phase differences, and processing each partial phase difference under the condition of a plurality of wavelengths to obtain the co-phasing error of the imaging system. The method uses a spatial phase modulator to perform phase modulation on one sub-telescope of the synthetic aperture imaging telescope array, the algorithm recovers the common-phase error without iterative calculation, and can quickly and accurately detect the common-phase error of the system, and meanwhile, the method utilizes multi-wavelength information and overcomes the influence of 2 pi fuzzy, thereby greatly improving the detection range and precision of the common-phase error.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to optical imagery telescope field, and in particular to a kind of optics synthesis based on multi-wavelength phase-modulation
Aperture imaging telescope array common phase error detection method.
Background technology
Optical synthesis aperture imaging telescope array is using multiple big to realize in the sub- telescope of space specific configuration
The telescopic system of aperture resolution capability.Compared with single aperture imaging system, optical synthesis aperture imaging telescope array can
The more radio-frequency components of target are obtained, so as to effectively improve imaging observation precision, realize the resolution of equivalent large aperture imaging system
Ability.Simultaneously because its optical element bore used is small, in light weight, manufacture difficulty and delivery expense can be substantially reduced.In reality
In the application of border, due to reasons such as rigging error, constant error and atmospheric turbulances, easily common phase is brought to miss between sub- telescope
Difference.The presence of common phase error can influence the interference effect of optical synthesis aperture imaging telescope array between sub- telescope, cause to lead
Valve energy declines, and reduces image quality.To ensure the imaging effect of optical synthesis aperture imaging telescope array, it is necessary to will look in the distance
The common phase control errors of lens array are within λ/10.Common phase error detection and correction are realize each sub- telescope common phase important
Technology, realize that high resolution observation is significant for optical synthesis aperture imaging telescope array.
At present the common phase error detection technology of comparative maturity include Shack-Ha Deman sensors, wavefront curvature sensor and
Phase difference method based on image.The manufacture of Shack-Ha Deman Sensor Designs is complicated, and cost is high, and it is high to detect complexity
Wavefront.Wavefront curvature sensor measurement accuracy is low, is not suitable for high-resolution imaging system.Phase difference method based on image needs
Complicated successive iterations algorithm handles image, poor real.In addition, these existing methods can not solve, 2 π are fuzzy to be asked
Topic.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are：It is good to provide a kind of real-time, measurement range is big, not by 2 π Fuzzy Influences
The optical synthesis aperture imaging telescope array common phase error detection method based on multi-wavelength phase-modulation.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is：A kind of optics based on multi-wavelength phase-modulation closes
Into aperture imaging telescope array common phase error detection method, realize that step is as follows：
(1) wavelength for sending light for setting spot light is λ1；
(2) detector is placed in the image planes of synthesis aperture imaging system to be detected, to synthetic aperture telescopic system
A certain specific sub-aperture carry out phase-modulation, add φ to it successively1,φ2,…,φk,…φMPhase-modulation, wherein φk
=2 π * (k-1)/M, k is integer and 1≤k≤M, M are modulation step number altogether and M >=3, and measures system using camera successively
Point spread function PSF1,PSF2,…,PSFk,…,PSFM；
(3) each sub-aperture is obtained in λ by a calculating process1Under fractional phase it is poor, calculating process is as follows：
1) inversefouriertransform is carried out to resulting point spread function to convert to obtain one group of optical transfer function of system
OTF1,OTF2,…,OTFk,…,OTFM；
2) by one group of optical transfer function be multiplied by phase shift φ respectively1,φ2,…,φk,…φMAfter be added and take arithmetic again
It is average, obtain C (P):
In formula, n has generality, can be any one piece of sub-aperture, △nFor the phase displacement error of n-th piece of sub- mirror, BnFor n-th
The pupil function of block mirror, N are the sub-aperture quantity of synthesis aperture imaging system；
3) pupil function of n-th of sub- telescope is multiplied by formula (1) both sides, is obtained：
C(P)Bn=exp (ik △n)Bn(2)
4) it is poor to calculate fractional phase：
In formula, Z is that n-th of sub- telescope in optical source wavelength is λ1In the case of phase displacement error in 2 π integral multiples portion
Point,In spot light wavelength it is λ for n-th of sub- telescope1In the case of phase displacement error in be free of 2 π integral multiples part phase
Position；
(4) wavelength for sending light for setting spot light is λ2, λ3Repeat the above steps (1), (2), (3) obtain
5) represent for convenience, the part of 2 π integral multiples is represented with n1, n2, n3, fractional phasePoint
Do not useTo represent.The common phase error to be measured of n-th of sub- mirror is ξ：
Above formula is a underconstrained equation, defines synthetic wavelength λs：
λs=(a/ λ1-b/λ2+c/λ3)-1(5)
Wherein a, b, c are positive integer, solve this underconstrained equation using synthetic wavelength, and then calculate common phase potential difference
ξ。
Wherein, to measure the fractional phase under different wave length by introducing multiple wavelength poor, and some phase differences are entered
Row processing obtains complete common phase error, can ensure big common phase error measure scope and high measurement accuracy simultaneously.
Wherein, each wavelength X used by spot light1、λ2、λ3Value can change, four or more ripples can also be taken
Length is modulated.The common phase error range that method can measure is relevant with used imaging band.
Wherein, it is averaged, and then is isolated again by the way that one group of optical transfer function is multiplied by into a phase-shift value addition respectively
The phase error of telescope array.
Wherein, phase modulator can use liquid crystal piston phase modulators, can also use liquid crystal spatial light
Modulator, three-dimensional fast anti-mirror, step-wise displacement platform phase modulator etc. can realize the device of piston phase-modulations.
Wherein, modulation can select 3 step phase shift modulateds, can also select 4 step phase shifts, 5 step phase shift even more multisteps are as transposition system.
Wherein, after modulation step number M is selected, the modulation picture of each step, which moves, should meet equation φk=2 π * (k-1)/M, k be
Integer and 1≤k≤M, M are modulation step number and M >=3 altogether.
Wherein, spot light, which can choose multiple-wavelength laser, can also select broadband spot light, when from wide wavestrip point
During light source, it can choose multiple imaging bands using the method for narrow-band filtering, realize common phase error detection.
Wherein, sensitive detection parts can be that CCD camera can also be that CMOS cameras can also be other planar array detectors.
The present invention has the advantage that compared with prior art：
(1) present invention does not need iteration, and calculating speed is fast, and real-time is high；
(2) present invention utilizes multi-wavelength information, 2 π fuzzy problems are solved, measurement common phase error range is big, and precision is high,
Measurement range is [- λs/2,λs/2]。
(3) present invention can disposably detect the common phase error distribution of all sub-apertures of synthesis aperture imaging system, speed
Degree is fast, simple operation.
(4) present invention can be enterprising directly in sub-aperture all the way in the case where not changing former synthesis aperture imaging system structure
Row modulation, required additional devices are few, and system architecture is compact.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the light channel structure schematic diagram of the diplopore optical synthesis aperture telescope array synthesized by two way telescopes.
Wherein, 1 is multiple wavelength output laser, and 2 is expand light path, and 3 be Cassegrain's formula telescope, and 4 be deflection angle
Adjustable speculum, 5 be right-angle reflecting prism, and 6 be the sub- mirror of imaging system, and 7 be ccd detector, and 8 be transmission liquid crystal
Piston phase-modulators.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and the present invention is discussed in detail in embodiment.
The present invention provides a kind of optical synthesis aperture imaging telescope array common phase error based on multi-wavelength phase-modulation
Detection method, the object of the present embodiment measurement is that a diplopore optical synthesis aperture synthesized by two way telescopes is looked in the distance
Lens array system, for the spot light used for multiple wavelength output laser 1, the phase modulator used is transmission liquid crystal
Piston phase-modulators 8, specific implementation step is as follows：
(1) wavelength for sending light for setting multiple wavelength output laser 1 is λ1；
(2) modulated using four-step phase-shifting, take M=4, regulation transmission liquid crystal piston phase-modulators 8, successively to all the way
Sub- mirror measures the point spread function PSF of system using CCD successively plus 0, pi/2, π, the phase difference of 3 pi/2s1、PSF2、PSF3、
PSF4；
(3) each sub-aperture is obtained in λ by a calculating process1Under fractional phase it is poor, calculating process is as follows：
1) inversefouriertransform is carried out to four resulting point spread functions to convert to obtain optical transfer function OTF1、
OTF2、OTF3、OTF4；
2) four point spread functions are multiplied by respectively to be added after a phase shift and take arithmetic average again, each phase pipettes { φ1；
φ2；φ3；φ4}={ 0；π/2；π；3 pi/2s } this series of values, obtain C (P)；
3) N=4 is taken in formula (1), both sides are multiplied by the pupil function B of n-th piece of sub- mirrorn, obtain the phase of n-th piece of mirror
Difference；
4) to calculate fractional phase by formula (3) poorIn the wavelength of multiple wavelength output laser 1 it is λ for n-th piece of mirror1
In the case of phase displacement error in be free of 2 π integral multiples fractional phase；
(4) wavelength for sending light for setting gradually multiple wavelength output laser 1 is λ2、λ3, repeat the above steps (1), (2),
(3) obtain
(5) represent for convenience, the part n of 2 π integral multiples1、n2、n3To represent, fractional phasePoint
Do not useTo represent.The common phase error to be measured of n-th piece of sub- mirror is ξ：
Above formula is a underconstrained system, defines synthetic wavelength λs=(a/ λ1-b/λ2+c/λ3)-1, wherein a, b, c is just
Integer, this underconstrained equation is solved using synthetic wavelength, and then calculate common phase potential difference ξ.
It is described above, it is only the embodiment in the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.Only
If obtain sub- mirror phase distribution or utilization by carrying out phase-modulation to sub- mirror to obtain a different point spread functions step of going forward side by side
Multi-wavelength information fusion obtains common phase error detection method to expand difference measurement range, and device belongs to the protection model of the present invention
Enclose.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of synthetic aperture imaging telescope array common phase error detection method based on multi-wavelength phase-modulation, its feature exist
In：The method includes the steps of：
(1) wavelength for sending light for setting spot light is λ1；
(2) detector is placed in the image planes of synthesis aperture imaging system to be detected, to certain of synthetic aperture telescopic system
One specific sub-aperture carries out phase-modulation, adds φ to it successively1,φ2,…,φk,…φMPhase-modulation, wherein φk=2
π * (k-1)/M, k is integer and 1≤k≤M, M are modulation step number altogether and M >=3, and measures the point of system using camera successively
Spread function PSF1,PSF2,…,PSFk,…,PSFM；
(3) each sub- telescope is obtained in λ by a calculating process1Under fractional phase it is poor, calculating process is as follows：
1) inversefouriertransform is carried out to resulting point spread function to convert to obtain one group of optical transfer function OTF of system1,
OTF2,…,OTFk,…,OTFM；
2) by one group of optical transfer function be multiplied by phase shift φ respectively1,φ2,…,φk,…φMAfter be added and take arithmetic average again,
Obtain C (P)：
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<mi>n</mi>
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<mi>N</mi>
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<mi>exp</mi>
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<mi>ik&Delta;</mi>
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In formula, n has generality, can be any one sub- telescope in General Cell, ΔnFor the phase of n-th of sub- telescope
Shift error, BrTo modulate the pupil function of sub- telescope, BnFor the pupil function of n-th of sub- telescope, N is synthetic aperture imaging
The sub- telescope quantity of telescope array；
3) the pupil function B of n-th of sub- telescope is multiplied by formula (1) both sidesn, obtain：
C(P)Bn=exp (ik Δsn)Bn (2)
4) it is poor to calculate fractional phase：
In formula, Z is that n-th of sub- telescope in optical source wavelength is λ1In the case of phase displacement error in 2 π integral multiples part,In optical source wavelength it is λ for n-th of sub- telescope1In the case of phase displacement error in be free of 2 π integral multiples fractional phase；
(4) wavelength for sending light for setting spot light is λ2, λ3Repeat the above steps (1), (2), (3) obtain
(5) represent for convenience, the part n of 2 π integral multiples1、n2、n3To represent, fractional phaseMake respectively
WithTo represent, the common phase error to be measured of n-th of sub- mirror is ξ：
Above formula is a underconstrained equation, defines synthetic wavelength λs：
λs=(a/ λ1-b/λ2+c/λ3)-1 (5)
Wherein, a, b, c are positive integer, solve this underconstrained equation using synthetic wavelength, and then calculate common phase potential difference ξ.
2. the optical synthesis aperture imaging telescope array common phase according to claim 1 based on multi-wavelength phase-modulation is missed
Poor detection method, it is characterised in that：It is poor that the fractional phase under different wave length is measured by introducing multiple wavelength, by some
Phase difference is handled to obtain complete common phase error, can ensure big common phase error measure scope and high measurement essence simultaneously
Degree.
3. the optical synthesis aperture imaging telescope array according to claim 1 or 2 based on multi-wavelength phase-modulation is total to
Phase error detection method, it is characterised in that：Each wavelength X used by spot light1、λ2、λ3Value can change, can also take
Four or more multi-wavelength is modulated, the common phase error range that this method can measure is relevant with used imaging band.
4. the optical synthesis aperture imaging telescope array common phase according to claim 1 based on multi-wavelength phase-modulation is missed
Poor detection method, it is characterised in that：It is averaged, is entered again by the way that one group of optical transfer function is multiplied by into a phase-shift value addition respectively
And isolate the phase error of telescope array.
5. the optical synthesis aperture imaging telescope array common phase according to claim 1 based on multi-wavelength phase-modulation is missed
Poor detection method, it is characterised in that：Phase modulator can use liquid crystal piston phase modulators, can also use liquid
Brilliant spatial light modulator, three-dimensional fast anti-mirror, step-wise displacement platform phase modulator etc. can realize the device of piston phase-modulations
Part.
6. the optical synthesis aperture imaging telescope array common phase according to claim 1 based on multi-wavelength phase-modulation is missed
Poor detection method, it is characterised in that：Modulation can select 3 step phase shift modulateds, can also select 4 step phase shifts, 5 step phase shifts even more multistep
As transposition system.
7. the optical synthesis aperture imaging telescope array based on multi-wavelength phase-modulation according to claim 1 or 6 is total to
Phase error detection method, it is characterised in that：After modulation step number M is selected, the modulation picture of each step, which moves, should meet equation φk=2
π * (k-1)/M, k is integer and 1≤k≤M, M are modulation step number altogether and M >=3.
8. the optical synthesis aperture imaging telescope array based on multi-wavelength phase-modulation according to claim 1,2 or 3
Common phase error detection method, it is characterised in that：Spot light, which can choose multiple-wavelength laser, can also select broadband spot light,
When from wide wavestrip spot light, it can choose multiple imaging bands using the method for narrow-band filtering, realize common phase error detection.
9. the optical synthesis aperture imaging telescope array common phase according to claim 1 based on multi-wavelength phase-modulation is missed
Poor detection method, it is characterised in that：Sensitive detection parts can be that CCD camera can also be that CMOS cameras can also be other face battle arrays
Detector.
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Cited By (9)
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| CN107894326A (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2018-04-10 | 中国科学院光电技术研究所 | Splicing main mirror common-phase error detection method based on multi-wavelength phase modulation |
| CN108709872A (en) * | 2018-05-21 | 2018-10-26 | 刘子丰 | Multiwavelength laser compensates focal imaging method simultaneously in a kind of scattering medium |
| CN109343218A (en) * | 2018-12-14 | 2019-02-15 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Radial sub-aperture phase based on LCD space light modulator generates method |
| CN110672305A (en) * | 2019-09-11 | 2020-01-10 | 中国科学院光电技术研究所 | Array type telescope multispectral common-phase error detection method for spatial modulation based on electronic shutter |
| CN110794576A (en) * | 2019-11-01 | 2020-02-14 | 中国科学院光电技术研究所 | Optical synthetic aperture imaging telescope array eccentricity error detection method based on phase modulation |
| CN110849591A (en) * | 2019-11-08 | 2020-02-28 | 中国科学院光电技术研究所 | Multispectral common-phase error detection method based on pupil space modulation |
| CN113029526A (en) * | 2021-03-10 | 2021-06-25 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Synthetic aperture co-phasing error estimation method and device |
| CN114022728A (en) * | 2021-10-27 | 2022-02-08 | 中国科学院光电技术研究所 | Synthetic aperture common-phase detection method based on deep reinforcement learning |
| CN114117904A (en) * | 2021-11-22 | 2022-03-01 | 中国科学院光电技术研究所 | Co-phase error correction method based on convolutional neural network |
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Cited By (11)
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| CN107894326B (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2020-04-03 | 中国科学院光电技术研究所 | Splicing main mirror common-phase error detection method based on multi-wavelength phase modulation |
| CN108709872A (en) * | 2018-05-21 | 2018-10-26 | 刘子丰 | Multiwavelength laser compensates focal imaging method simultaneously in a kind of scattering medium |
| CN109343218A (en) * | 2018-12-14 | 2019-02-15 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Radial sub-aperture phase based on LCD space light modulator generates method |
| CN110672305A (en) * | 2019-09-11 | 2020-01-10 | 中国科学院光电技术研究所 | Array type telescope multispectral common-phase error detection method for spatial modulation based on electronic shutter |
| CN110794576A (en) * | 2019-11-01 | 2020-02-14 | 中国科学院光电技术研究所 | Optical synthetic aperture imaging telescope array eccentricity error detection method based on phase modulation |
| CN110849591A (en) * | 2019-11-08 | 2020-02-28 | 中国科学院光电技术研究所 | Multispectral common-phase error detection method based on pupil space modulation |
| CN113029526A (en) * | 2021-03-10 | 2021-06-25 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Synthetic aperture co-phasing error estimation method and device |
| CN114022728A (en) * | 2021-10-27 | 2022-02-08 | 中国科学院光电技术研究所 | Synthetic aperture common-phase detection method based on deep reinforcement learning |
| CN114022728B (en) * | 2021-10-27 | 2023-04-07 | 中国科学院光电技术研究所 | Synthetic aperture common-phase detection method based on deep reinforcement learning |
| CN114117904A (en) * | 2021-11-22 | 2022-03-01 | 中国科学院光电技术研究所 | Co-phase error correction method based on convolutional neural network |
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