CN107656278B - Quantitative precipitation estimation method based on dense rainfall station - Google Patents
Quantitative precipitation estimation method based on dense rainfall station Download PDFInfo
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- CN107656278B CN107656278B CN201710775455.4A CN201710775455A CN107656278B CN 107656278 B CN107656278 B CN 107656278B CN 201710775455 A CN201710775455 A CN 201710775455A CN 107656278 B CN107656278 B CN 107656278B
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Abstract
The invention provides a quantitative precipitation estimation method based on a dense rainfall station, which is characterized in that a selected radar rainfall measurement area is divided into a plurality of small polygonal areas, each area uses the respective Z-R relation, and when different areas have different precipitation properties, errors caused by the use of the same Z-R relation are avoided; when the radar data quality is wrong, for example, the radar reflectivity factor caused by wave velocity blocking is small, the method can correct the precipitation estimation deviation caused by the radar quality to a certain extent by adjusting the Z-R relation according to real-time data.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of rainfall estimation by meteorological radar, in particular to a quantitative rainfall estimation method based on a dense rainfall station.
Background
The radar quantitative estimation of the precipitation is an important technical reference for short-time approaching early warning, and research results with various ideas and technical methods, such as a variational method, a Kalman filtering method, a probability pairing method and the like, appear by combining the radar quantitative estimation of the precipitation (QPE).
Currently, the main technology for quantitatively estimating precipitation by radar in Hubei province is to combine point measurement represented by rainfall with surface measurement represented by weather radar, and adopt a radar and rain gauge real-time synchronous integration combination method (RASIM). Compared with other methods at home and abroad, the method has the advantages of advancement and practicability in the aspects of theoretical discussion, precipitation estimation technology, quality control, error analysis and evaluation standard and the like, is convenient to use, easy to popularize and good in accuracy, becomes an important functional module in a short-time near-forecast System (SWAN) in China, is widely applied and has a good effect. However, the technology only uses one Z-R relation in a radar measurement range, and cannot accurately reflect the change characteristics of the local distribution of the precipitation.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a quantitative precipitation estimation method based on a dense rainfall station, which can accurately reflect the local distribution of precipitation.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows: the invention provides a quantitative precipitation estimation method based on a dense rainfall station, which comprises the following steps,
s1, for a selected radar rain measurement area, dividing the radar rain measurement area by utilizing a Thiessen polygon method according to the distribution of rainfall stations covered in the radar rain measurement area to obtain a plurality of polygon areas;
s2, calculating the Z-R relation of each polygon area;
and S3, calculating the rainfall intensity R in the selected radar rain measurement area according to the Z-R relation of each polygonal area.
In addition to the above technical solution, preferably, in the step S2, for the selected polygonal area S, there are i rainfall stations covered by the polygonal area S, and a total rainfall Q of the i rainfall stations in the polygonal area S in the h time period is calculatedShThe Z-R relationship of the polygonal area is calculated according to the following formula, namely AShThe value of (a) is,
wherein Z is a radar reflectivity factor, R is rainfall intensity, A is a coefficient of a Z-R relation, A is 10-2000, b is an index of the Z-R relation, and b is 1.0-2.0;
AShcommon coefficients for the selected polygon area S;
ZShto selectThe radar total reflectivity factor of the polygonal area S;
Ziha radar reflectivity factor of corresponding 0.5 deg. elevation angle over the time period h for the rainfall station i in the selected polygonal area S.
More preferably, b is 1.5.
Further preferably, in step S3, the rainfall intensity R in the selected polygonal area S is calculated according to the following formula,
Zjha corresponding radar reflectivity factor at an elevation angle of 0.5 deg. over a time period h is nulled for a grid point j within the selected polygonal area S.
More preferably, in step S3, the rainfall intensities R in all the polygonal areas are calculated according to the common coefficient Ash of the radar rain-measuring polygonal area and the reflectivity factor of the 0.5 degree elevation angle above each grid point, so as to obtain the rainfall intensities R of the plurality of polygonal areas in the radar rain-measuring area.
Preferably, according to the rainfall intensity R of the plurality of polygonal areas of the radar rainfall area, a distribution diagram of the rainfall intensity R of the radar rainfall area with the resolution of 1km according to the plurality of polygonal areas is drawn.
Compared with the prior art, the quantitative precipitation estimation method based on the dense rainfall station has the following beneficial effects:
(1) dividing a selected radar rain measurement area into a plurality of small polygonal areas, wherein each area uses the respective Z-R relation, and when different areas have different rainfall properties, errors caused by the use of the same Z-R relation are avoided;
(2) when the radar data quality is wrong, for example, the radar reflectivity factor caused by wave velocity blocking is small, the method can correct the precipitation estimation deviation caused by the radar quality to a certain extent by adjusting the Z-R relation according to real-time data.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a region distribution diagram obtained by dividing the wuhan radar rain detection region by the thiessen polygon method in embodiment 1;
fig. 2 is a distribution diagram of the rain areas of the wuhan radar obtained in example 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
Wuhan city is selected as a verification area of the quantitative precipitation estimation method based on the dense rainfall station.
First, for the wuhan radar rain measurement area, according to the distribution of the rainfall stations covered by the radar rain measurement area, the radar rain measurement area is divided by using the thiessen polygon method to obtain 1104 polygon areas, as shown in fig. 1.
Then, the sum Q of the rainfall in 1 hour is obtained by using i rainfall stations in each small polygonal area SShAnd a basic reflectivity factor Z for a corresponding meteorological radar 0.5 ° elevation above the rainfall station iihThe Z-R relationship, namely A, of each polygonal area S is obtained according to the following formulaShThe value of (a) is,
wherein Z is a radar reflectivity factor, R is rainfall intensity, A is a coefficient of Z-R relation, and b is 1.5;
AShcommon coefficients for the selected polygon area S;
ZSha radar total reflectivity factor for the selected polygonal area S;
Ziha radar reflectivity factor of corresponding 0.5 deg. elevation angle over the time period h for the rainfall station i in the selected polygonal area S.
Finally, the rainfall intensity R in the selected polygonal area S is calculated according to the following formula,
Zjha corresponding radar reflectivity factor at an elevation angle of 0.5 deg. over a time period h is nulled for a grid point j within the selected polygonal area S.
Further according to the common coefficient A of the radar rain-measuring polygon areashAnd calculating rainfall intensity R in all polygonal areas according to the reflectivity factor of 0.5-degree elevation above each grid point to obtain rainfall intensity R of a plurality of polygonal areas in the radar rain measurement area, and finally drawing a distribution diagram of the rainfall intensity R of the radar rain measurement area with the resolution of 1km according to the rainfall intensity R of the plurality of polygonal areas in the radar rain measurement area. As shown in fig. 2.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (5)
1. A quantitative precipitation estimation method based on a dense rainfall station is characterized in that: comprises the following steps of (a) carrying out,
s1, for a selected radar rain measurement area, dividing the radar rain measurement area by utilizing a Thiessen polygon method according to the distribution of rainfall stations covered in the radar rain measurement area to obtain a plurality of polygon areas;
s2, calculating the Z-R relation of each polygon area;
s3, calculating the rainfall intensity R in the selected radar rain measurement area according to the Z-R relation of each polygonal area;
in step S2, for the selected polygonal area S, i rainfall stations are covered, and the total rainfall Q of the i rainfall stations in the polygonal area S in the h time period is calculatedShThe Z-R relationship of the polygonal area is calculated according to the following formula, namely AShValue of (A)
Wherein Z is a radar reflectivity factor, R is rainfall intensity, A is a coefficient of a Z-R relation, A is 10-2000, b is an index of the Z-R relation, and b is 1.0-2.0;
AShcommon coefficients for the selected polygon area S;
ZSha radar total reflectivity factor for the selected polygonal area S;
Ziha radar reflectivity factor of corresponding 0.5 deg. elevation angle over the time period h for the rainfall station i in the selected polygonal area S.
2. The method of quantitative precipitation estimation based on dense rainfall stations of claim 1 wherein: b is 1.5.
3. The method of quantitative precipitation estimation based on dense rainfall stations of claim 1 wherein: in step S3, the rainfall intensity R in the selected polygonal area S is calculated according to the following formula,
Zjha corresponding radar reflectivity factor at an elevation angle of 0.5 deg. over a time period h is nulled for a grid point j within the selected polygonal area S.
4. The method of quantitative precipitation estimation based on dense rainfall stations of claim 3 wherein: in step S3, the common coefficient A of the radar rain-measuring polygon area is usedShAnd calculating the rainfall intensity R in all polygonal areas by using the reflectivity factor of 0.5-degree elevation above each grid point to obtain the rainfall intensity R of a plurality of polygonal areas in the radar rainfall measurement area.
5. The method of quantitative precipitation estimation based on dense rainfall stations of claim 4 wherein: and according to the rainfall intensity R of the plurality of polygonal areas of the radar rainfall measurement area, drawing a distribution diagram of the rainfall intensity R of the radar rainfall measurement area with the resolution of 1km according to the plurality of polygonal areas.
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| CN108931774B (en) * | 2018-06-26 | 2022-06-21 | 重庆市气象台 | Method and system for inspecting convective rainfall recognition product based on lightning data |
| CN109799550B (en) * | 2019-03-20 | 2022-02-18 | 北京百度网讯科技有限公司 | Method and device for predicting rainfall intensity |
| CN110895354A (en) * | 2019-12-04 | 2020-03-20 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Surface rainfall calculation method based on dynamic adjustment of Thiessen polygon |
| CN112526641B (en) * | 2020-12-10 | 2023-04-07 | 重庆市气象台 | Method, system and equipment for identifying quality of rainfall observed value in real time |
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| CN105759274A (en) * | 2016-04-26 | 2016-07-13 | 南京信息工程大学 | Typhoon attention area radar rainfall estimation method |
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| 利用天气雷达估测和预报降雨分布的研究;卢江涛;《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库（电子期刊） 基础科学辑》;20130131(第1期);58-61 * |
| 卢江涛.利用天气雷达估测和预报降雨分布的研究.《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库（电子期刊） 基础科学辑》.2013,(第1期),58-61. * |
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