CN107651184A - One kind is without displacement helicopter - Google Patents

One kind is without displacement helicopter Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107651184A
CN107651184A CN201710807958.5A CN201710807958A CN107651184A CN 107651184 A CN107651184 A CN 107651184A CN 201710807958 A CN201710807958 A CN 201710807958A CN 107651184 A CN107651184 A CN 107651184A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
empennage
helicopter
motor
main wing
dynamical system
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CN201710807958.5A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Other versions
CN107651184B (en
Inventor
张东升
李朋翔
刘新正
田爱芬
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Xian Jiaotong University
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Xian Jiaotong University
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Xian Jiaotong University filed Critical Xian Jiaotong University
Priority to CN201710807958.5A priority Critical patent/CN107651184B/en
Publication of CN107651184A publication Critical patent/CN107651184A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN107651184B publication Critical patent/CN107651184B/en
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64CAEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
    • B64C27/00Rotorcraft; Rotors peculiar thereto
    • B64C27/04Helicopters
    • B64C27/12Rotor drives
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64CAEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
    • B64C27/00Rotorcraft; Rotors peculiar thereto
    • B64C27/82Rotorcraft; Rotors peculiar thereto characterised by the provision of an auxiliary rotor or fluid-jet device for counter-balancing lifting rotor torque or changing direction of rotorcraft
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64DEQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
    • B64D27/00Arrangement or mounting of power plants in aircraft; Aircraft characterised by the type or position of power plants
    • B64D27/02Aircraft characterised by the type or position of power plants
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64DEQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
    • B64D27/00Arrangement or mounting of power plants in aircraft; Aircraft characterised by the type or position of power plants
    • B64D27/02Aircraft characterised by the type or position of power plants
    • B64D27/026Aircraft characterised by the type or position of power plants comprising different types of power plants, e.g. combination of a piston engine and a gas-turbine
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64UUNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES [UAV]; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
    • B64U10/00Type of UAV
    • B64U10/10Rotorcrafts
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64UUNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES [UAV]; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
    • B64U50/00Propulsion; Power supply
    • B64U50/10Propulsion
    • B64U50/11Propulsion using internal combustion piston engines
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64UUNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES [UAV]; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
    • B64U50/00Propulsion; Power supply
    • B64U50/10Propulsion
    • B64U50/19Propulsion using electrically powered motors
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64CAEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
    • B64C27/00Rotorcraft; Rotors peculiar thereto
    • B64C27/82Rotorcraft; Rotors peculiar thereto characterised by the provision of an auxiliary rotor or fluid-jet device for counter-balancing lifting rotor torque or changing direction of rotorcraft
    • B64C2027/8209Electrically driven tail rotors

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)

Abstract

One kind is without displacement helicopter, including main wing, dynamical system, supply unit, empennage, motor, drive mechanism and frame;Wherein, drive mechanism is arranged on the end of frame, dynamical system is arranged in frame, dynamical system one end is connected with main wing, the dynamical system other end is connected with supply unit, and the output end of supply unit is connected with empennage motor, and empennage motor is arranged in drive mechanism, empennage is connected with empennage motor, drives empennage to rotate after empennage electrical power;Drive mechanism can rotate around the helicopter longitudinal axis, drive empennage motor and empennage to be rotated around the helicopter longitudinal axis while drive mechanism rotates.The structure that the present invention uses eliminates the inclinator and pitch-changing mechanism of complexity completely.Main wing is connected after removing auto-bank unit with dynamical system, because the structure of no inclinator, therefore main wing greatly simplifies;The heading of helicopter is adjusted around the angle of the rotation of the helicopter longitudinal axis and the rotating speed of empennage by empennage, reliability is high, is not susceptible to mechanical breakdown.

Description

One kind is without displacement helicopter
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of structure of helicopter, and specially one kind is without displacement helicopter.
Background technology
The outstanding feature of helicopter is in the VTOL of small area place and hovering, these features helicopter can be had Wide purposes and development prospect.
The main rotor of conventional helicopters is driven by engine, and empennage is the machine by motion relevant with main rotor Tool major axis drives.Auto-bank unit and pulp distance varying mechanism are housed on main rotor, Helicopter Main rotor entered by auto-bank unit The row cycle controls the heading of helicopter away from control, changes lift, the displacement knot of this helicopter by changing pitch Structure and control mode are extremely complex, and very high to the reliability requirement of material.
Empennage is the ultimate challenge of helicopter flight safety, and main rotor runs out of steam, and helicopter can also spin landing;But Empennage once runs out of steam, and that helicopter will spin, out of hand.Empennage of helicopter with main rotor by having motion association Drive link drives, and in order to which power is delivered to empennage, needs to install a very long power transmission shaft, while empennage in helicopter shoe Pitch-changing mechanism is needed, this mode can increase the weight and mechanical complexity of helicopter.
The content of the invention
The present invention is directed to the problems of the prior art, it is therefore intended that proposes one kind without displacement helicopter.
To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that:
One kind is without displacement helicopter, including main wing, dynamical system, empennage, empennage motor, empennage assembly rotation driving Mechanism and frame;Wherein, empennage assembly rotary drive mechanism is arranged on the afterbody of frame, and dynamical system is arranged in frame, Dynamical system is connected with main wing, and drives main wing to rotate, and dynamical system is connected with empennage motor, and empennage motor drives Empennage high-speed rotation;Empennage motor is arranged on empennage assembly rotary drive mechanism with empennage, empennage assembly rotation driving Mechanism can drive empennage motor and empennage to be rotated around the helicopter longitudinal axis.
Further improve of the invention is that dynamical system includes engine and generator, and the output end of generator passes through Cable is connected with empennage motor, is connected between engine one end and main wing by transmission mechanism.
Further improve of the invention is that dynamical system includes motor and electrokinetic cell, and electrokinetic cell passes through cable It is connected with empennage motor, is connected between motor one end and main wing by transmission mechanism.
Further improve of the invention is that cable is arranged in frame
Further improve of the invention is, pedestal, empennage motor are provided with empennage assembly rotary drive structure It is arranged on pedestal.
Further improve of the invention is, changes lift by changing main wing rotating speed, is balanced by empennage rotating speed Heading is gone straight up in main wing reaction torque and regulation;Control fuselage to produce by empennage assembly rotary drive mechanism to lean forward or swing back Angle come realize advance or retreat.
Compared with prior art, the device have the advantages that:The present invention is by setting dynamical system to be connected with main wing And driving main wing to rotate, empennage motor drives empennage to rotate after being powered;Empennage assembly rotary drive mechanism can drive tail Wing motor and empennage rotate around the helicopter longitudinal axis.The structure that the helicopter of the present invention uses eliminates the inclination of complexity completely Device and pitch-changing mechanism.Main wing is connected after removing auto-bank unit with dynamical system, due to no inclinator, therefore the structure of main wing Greatly simplify, it is suitable with rigid wings.The empennage of existing helicopter drives empennage, tail of the invention by engine by major axis The wing drives by empennage electric drive, eliminates transmission long axis, drives empennage of helicopter using motor, simplifies the machine of empennage portion Tool complexity, add the reliability of empennage;Empennage and empennage motor form an entirety, i.e. empennage assembly;Empennage is total It can be distribution accurately controlled into the angle rotated around the longitudinal axis, empennage is with main wing without mechanical coupled movements.Empennage motor and assembly Electric energy required for driving comes from helicopter dynamical system.Change lift by changing main wing rotating speed, pass through empennage rotating speed Heading is gone straight up to balance main wing reaction torque and regulation;By empennage assembly rotary drive mechanism control fuselage produce lean forward or The angle of person's layback is advanced or retreated to realize.It is by controlling empennage to be always at an angle of, producing perpendicular that i.e. helicopter, which moves forward and backward, Nogata to component cause helicopter elevating movement, the front and rear component driving helicopter of main wing moves forward and backward;The driftage of helicopter Angle is controlled by adjusting empennage rotating speed and being always at an angle of.Move up and down, move forward and backward and cause with yaw angle collective effect Helicopter has spatial movement ability.The present invention is adjusted by empennage around the angle of the rotation of the helicopter longitudinal axis and the rotating speed of empennage The heading of helicopter is saved, reliability is high, is not susceptible to mechanical breakdown.
Further, dynamical system includes motor and electrokinetic cell, and electrokinetic cell passes through the cable that is arranged in frame It is connected with empennage motor, is connected between motor one end and main wing by transmission mechanism.Motor and electrokinetic cell, form It helicopter electric power system, both can be used to drive empennage motor, or engine igniting system and airborne equipment power supply, and work as When engine is shut down in the air, engine can be also restarted, improves the security of system.
Brief description of the drawings
Rearview when Fig. 1 is helicopter flight forward;
Side view when Fig. 2 is helicopter flight forward;
Fig. 3 be helicopter backward flight when rearview;
Fig. 4 be helicopter backward flight when side view;
Fig. 5 is the pose adjustment figure of helicopter when having lateral wind;
Fig. 6 is helicopter overall structure figure.
Fig. 7 is structural representation when dynamical system includes engine and generator.
In figure, 1 is main wing, and 2 be transmission mechanism, and 3 be dynamical system, and 5 be empennage, and 6 be empennage motor, and 7 be empennage Assembly rotary drive mechanism, 8 be frame.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Referring to Fig. 1~Fig. 7, the present invention include main wing 1, transmission mechanism 2, dynamical system 3, empennage 5, empennage motor 6, Empennage assembly rotary drive mechanism 7 and frame 8.Wherein, empennage assembly rotary drive mechanism 7 is arranged on the afterbody of frame 8, moves Force system 3 is arranged in frame 8, and dynamical system 3 is connected by transmission mechanism 2 with main wing 1, and dynamical system 3 can pass through Transmission mechanism 2 drives main wing 1 to rotate,
Referring to Fig. 7, the dynamical system 3 in the present invention has two kinds of structures, and a kind of structure is that dynamical system includes engine 3-1 With generator 3-2, generator 3-2 output end is connected with empennage motor 6 by the cable being arranged in frame 8, started It is connected between machine 3-1 one end and main wing 1 by transmission mechanism 2.While engine 3-1 drives the rotation of main wing 1, generator is driven 3-2 generates electricity.
Another structure is that dynamical system 3 includes motor and electrokinetic cell, and electrokinetic cell is by being arranged in frame 8 Cable be connected with empennage motor 6, be connected between motor one end and main wing 1 by transmission mechanism 2.Motor drives master The wing 1 rotates, and electrokinetic cell is that motor and empennage motor 6 provide electric energy.
Dynamical system 3 is connected with empennage motor 6;Pedestal is provided with empennage assembly rotary drive structure 7, empennage drives Dynamic motor 6 is arranged on pedestal.Empennage motor 6 drives the high-speed rotation of empennage 5 after being powered;Empennage motor 6 and empennage 5 On empennage assembly rotary drive mechanism 7, empennage assembly rotary drive mechanism 7 can drive empennage motor 6 and tail The wing 5 rotates around the helicopter longitudinal axis.
It is of the invention to be with helicopter difference of the prior art:Main wing 1 eliminates the automatic of conventional helicopters complexity Inclinator, empennage 5 also eliminate pitch-changing mechanism and transmission long axis, are directly driven by empennage motor 6 or deceleration, but are Control helicopter attitude, empennage assembly (empennage assembly includes empennage 5 and empennage motor 6) can turn around the helicopter longitudinal axis It is dynamic, the empennage assembly rotary drive mechanism 7 that can be accordingly rotated around helicopter axis is thereby increased, installed in the afterbody of frame 8, Empennage 5 and empennage motor 6 can be driven to be rotated as overall around helicopter axis.
Frame 8 is the support section of helicopter, is not limited to the long rod structure shown in Fig. 1, can use different structures Form.
Change helicopter lift by changing the rotating speed of main wing 1 in the present invention, by controlling empennage 5 to change helicopter Heading, fuselage is produced the angle for either layback of leaning forward and advance or retreat to realize.In the present invention empennage rotation be for The direction and adjustment course that control is advanced.
When helicopter is without flight forward or flight backward, i.e. helicopter is flat where tail-rotor under floating state Face is perpendicular, and tail-rotor is used for balancing the reaction torque of main oar rotation.
The posture of empennage such as Fig. 1, sees from back to front during helicopter flight forward, and empennage is by vertical state during floating state Around helicopter axis both clockwise rotation alpha1Angle, the thrust F of such empennage11The power F of horizontal direction can be decomposed into11xWith it is vertical The power F in direction11y, F11xIt can be used for offsetting main wing reaction torque, and F11yHelicopter can be made to have an angle to lean forward, such as Fig. 2 Shown, helicopter turns forward β1Angle, power F caused by such main rotor12The power F of horizontal direction can be decomposed into12xIt is and perpendicular Nogata to power F12y, F12yHelicopter is set to move up and down for providing lift, and F12xFor providing the dynamic of helicopter advance Power.
Helicopter backward flight when empennage posture as shown in figure 3, seeing from back to front, empennage is by vertical during floating state State is around helicopter axis rotate counterclockwise α2Angle, the thrust F of such empennage21The power F of horizontal direction can be decomposed into21xWith The power F of vertical direction21y, F21xIt can be used for offsetting main shaft reaction torque, and F21yHelicopter can be made to have the angle of a layback, As shown in figure 4, helicopter reclined by angle is β2, power F caused by such main rotor22The power F of horizontal direction can be decomposed into22xWith And the power F of vertical direction22y, F22yHelicopter is set to move up and down for providing lift, and F22xFly backward for providing helicopter Capable power.
When needing to move up and down, main wing rotating speed is increasedd or decreased, main wing lift changes so that helicopter will produce Move up and down;But reaction torque at this moment can also change, can be balanced by adjusting empennage rotating speed.When needing to adjust course, with Exemplified by Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, F is kept11yIt is constant, F is decreased or increased11x, in the case where keeping the angle of pitch constant, generate driftage fortune It is dynamic, course is adjusted with this;Its specific control is realized by adjusting empennage rotating speed and assembly inclination angle.It is to go off course to the right Example, to the right driftage need to increase F11x, and keep F11yIt is constant, so on the one hand increasing speed, on the other hand reduce empennage assembly and incline Angle α1
When there is external interference, such as when lateral wind, can by changing direction and the angle of pitch of helicopter fuselage, To balance active force of the crosswind to fuselage.As shown in figure 5, considering extreme case, wind is vertical with line direction before helicopter, this feelings Make unmanned plane that while the power of the forward needs of aircraft is ensured, wind pair can also be offset towards one angle of wind direction rotary under condition The active force of helicopter.
The Helicopter Main rotor of the present invention eliminates the pitch-changing mechanism and tilting gearing of traditional unmanned plane, main wing and dynamical system System is joined directly together by transmission device.Empennage is without pitch-changing mechanism and transmission long axis.By the empennage pitch-changing mechanism of helicopter and inclination Device is cancelled, and enormously simplify helicopter structure;Empennage of helicopter is driven using motor, the machinery for simplifying empennage portion is complicated Property, add the reliability of empennage;Lift control realizes that gesture stability leans on empennage rotating speed and empennage by regulation main wing rotating speed completely Assembly is realized around the corner of the longitudinal axis and gone straight up to by empennage around the angle of the rotation of the helicopter longitudinal axis and the rotating speed of empennage to adjust The heading of machine, without by inclinator and pitch-changing mechanism realization, reliability is high, is not susceptible to mechanical breakdown.

Claims (6)

1. one kind is without displacement helicopter, it is characterised in that including main wing (1), dynamical system (3), empennage (5), empennage driving electricity Machine (6), empennage assembly rotary drive mechanism (7) and frame (8);Wherein, empennage assembly rotary drive mechanism (7) is arranged on machine The afterbody of frame (8), dynamical system (3) are arranged in frame (8), and dynamical system (3) is connected with main wing (1), and drives main wing (1) Rotate, dynamical system (3) is connected with empennage motor (6), and empennage motor (6) drives empennage (5) high-speed rotation;Empennage Motor (6) is arranged on empennage assembly rotary drive mechanism (7) with empennage (5), empennage assembly rotary drive mechanism (7) energy Enough empennage motor (6) and empennage (5) is driven to be rotated around the helicopter longitudinal axis.
2. one kind according to claim 1 is without displacement helicopter, it is characterised in that dynamical system (3) includes engine (3- 1) it is connected with generator (3-2), the output end of generator (3-2) by cable with empennage motor (6), engine (3-1) It is connected between one end and main wing (1) by transmission mechanism (2).
3. it is according to claim 1 one kind without displacement helicopter, it is characterised in that dynamical system (3) include motor and Electrokinetic cell, electrokinetic cell are connected by cable with empennage motor (6), pass through biography between motor one end and main wing (1) Motivation structure (2) is connected.
4. one kind according to Claims 2 or 3 is without displacement helicopter, it is characterised in that cable is arranged in frame (8).
5. one kind according to claim 1 is without displacement helicopter, it is characterised in that empennage assembly rotary drive structure (7) On be provided with pedestal, empennage motor (6) is arranged on pedestal.
6. one kind according to claim 1 is without displacement helicopter, it is characterised in that is changed by changing main wing (1) rotating speed Become lift, heading is gone straight up to balance main wing reaction torque and regulation by empennage (5) rotating speed;Pass through empennage assembly rotation driving The angle that mechanism (7) control fuselage produces either layback of leaning forward is advanced or retreated to realize.
CN201710807958.5A 2017-09-08 2017-09-08 Non-variable-pitch helicopter Expired - Fee Related CN107651184B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201710807958.5A CN107651184B (en) 2017-09-08 2017-09-08 Non-variable-pitch helicopter

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201710807958.5A CN107651184B (en) 2017-09-08 2017-09-08 Non-variable-pitch helicopter

Publications (2)

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CN107651184A true CN107651184A (en) 2018-02-02
CN107651184B CN107651184B (en) 2020-11-10

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108502156A (en) * 2018-05-29 2018-09-07 珠海霄鹰科技发展有限公司 Asymmetric double-shaft helicopter and its flying method
CN109987221A (en) * 2019-03-19 2019-07-09 黄迅 A kind of unmanned plane
CN112379466A (en) * 2020-10-12 2021-02-19 南京信息工程大学 Self-positioning recoverable sonde

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20110121232A (en) * 2010-04-30 2011-11-07 경북대학교 산학협력단 An unmanned helicopter for spraying chemical
US20120012693A1 (en) * 2010-07-13 2012-01-19 Eurocopter Method and an aircraft provided with a swiveling tail rotor
CN103921936A (en) * 2014-02-12 2014-07-16 无锡汉和航空技术有限公司 Oil and power mixed small unmanned helicopter and its power principle
CN104743111A (en) * 2013-12-17 2015-07-01 空客直升机 Rotorcraft fitted with an anti-torque tail rotor that contributes selectively to providing the rotorcraft with lift and with propulsion
CN105691610A (en) * 2016-03-01 2016-06-22 清华大学 Hybrid power system for helicopter and helicopter with same
CN205524951U (en) * 2016-03-27 2016-08-31 郑州大学 Novel unmanned helicopter aircraft of multi -functional hybrid of intelligence
CN205602124U (en) * 2016-05-05 2016-09-28 武汉捷特航空科技有限公司 Fin and helicopter of helicopter
CN106143897A (en) * 2016-07-26 2016-11-23 芜湖万户航空航天科技有限公司 Can be verted tail-rotor

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20110121232A (en) * 2010-04-30 2011-11-07 경북대학교 산학협력단 An unmanned helicopter for spraying chemical
US20120012693A1 (en) * 2010-07-13 2012-01-19 Eurocopter Method and an aircraft provided with a swiveling tail rotor
CN104743111A (en) * 2013-12-17 2015-07-01 空客直升机 Rotorcraft fitted with an anti-torque tail rotor that contributes selectively to providing the rotorcraft with lift and with propulsion
CN103921936A (en) * 2014-02-12 2014-07-16 无锡汉和航空技术有限公司 Oil and power mixed small unmanned helicopter and its power principle
CN105691610A (en) * 2016-03-01 2016-06-22 清华大学 Hybrid power system for helicopter and helicopter with same
CN205524951U (en) * 2016-03-27 2016-08-31 郑州大学 Novel unmanned helicopter aircraft of multi -functional hybrid of intelligence
CN205602124U (en) * 2016-05-05 2016-09-28 武汉捷特航空科技有限公司 Fin and helicopter of helicopter
CN106143897A (en) * 2016-07-26 2016-11-23 芜湖万户航空航天科技有限公司 Can be verted tail-rotor

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108502156A (en) * 2018-05-29 2018-09-07 珠海霄鹰科技发展有限公司 Asymmetric double-shaft helicopter and its flying method
CN109987221A (en) * 2019-03-19 2019-07-09 黄迅 A kind of unmanned plane
CN109987221B (en) * 2019-03-19 2022-04-15 黄迅 Unmanned aerial vehicle
CN112379466A (en) * 2020-10-12 2021-02-19 南京信息工程大学 Self-positioning recoverable sonde
CN112379466B (en) * 2020-10-12 2021-06-22 南京信息工程大学 Self-positioning recoverable sonde

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Granted publication date: 20201110