CN107650937A - A kind of gauge changing method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to bogie systems technology field, and in particular to a kind of gauge changing method, comprise the following steps：Step I support bogies unload wheel；Step II unblock sliding parts make wheel dissociate；Step III, which slides wheel, makes it become rail.It is an object of the invention to：When passing through the railway of different gauges for train, the problem of conevying efficiency is low be present, there is provided a kind of gauge changing method, based on this method, the wheel of bogie can adjust in the axial direction relative to axletree, so as to realize the wheel of conversion bogie to wheelspan to adapt to the railway of different gauges.Carry out the railway transportation of " Silk Road economy-zone ", it is necessary to face the skimble-scamble problem of gauge.And solve gauge specification disunity, a kind of most economical, effective method, it is to be equipped with changeable identity for train.Therefore, the design for carrying out changeable identity system has particularly significant and profound significance.

Description

A kind of gauge changing method

Technical field

The invention belongs to bogie systems technology field, in particular it relates to a kind of gauge changing method.

Background technology

With the proposition of the Belt and Road strategic idea, come and gone between China and periphery various countries by the commerce and trade of railway transportation Increasingly frequently, and a plurality of railway international combined transport and region through transport passage have been carried out between China and neighbouring country." Silk Road economy Band " makes Euro-Asia Continental Bridge turn into its important railway traffic as one of most important trade by roadway passage in the UNICOM Eurasia Tie is transported, is to bring happiness along road area people's economy.However, due to history, the iron in country variant and area Road employs different gauge specifications.

At present, in railway of the train Jing Guo different gauge specifications, there are two schemes available.When transhipment container Mode, i.e., container is lifted to the train of another gauge specification from a kind of train of gauge specification；Second, change bogie Mode, i.e., jacked up by train with support meanss hanging, then a kind of bogie of gauge specification unloaded, another gauge is installed The bogie of specification.Both means of transportation efficiency are low, and many restrictions are brought to international combined transport is carried out.

The content of the invention

It is an object of the invention to：When passing through the railway of different gauges for train, the problem of conevying efficiency is low be present, carry For a kind of gauge changing method, based on this method, the wheel of bogie can adjust in the axial direction relative to axletree, become so as to realize The wheel of bogie is changed to wheelspan to adapt to the railway of different gauges.

To achieve these goals, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：

A kind of gauge changing method, comprises the following steps：

Step I support bogies unload wheel；Because wheel is by load, rubbing between wheel and wheel mounting seat It is huge to wipe power, wheel can not be moved axially.Thus, pre- axially adjustable wheel, must be first to reach the purpose of gauge changing Change the supporting way of bogie, to reduce the frictional force between wheel and wheel mounting seat.

Step II unblock sliding parts make wheel dissociate；After sliding part unblock, and then make the axle being arranged on bearing mounting base Holding to slide axially, and then wheel is slid axially by bearing wheel one mounting seat.This process is to reach the trip of wheel From state.

Step III, which slides wheel, makes it become rail.Wheel is oriented to by external force, wheel is converted to from a kind of wheelspan specification Another gauge specification.So far, that is, the gauge changing process of bogie is completed.

Preferably, bogie is supported in the step I by the way of axle box support.Because the intensity of axle box and Mechanical structure is simpler, preferably axle box supporting way.

Preferably, the support of axle box is realized by the supporting rail on railway roadbed, the supporting rail is arranged on Below axle box.After bogie enters supporting supporting rail, it is possible to achieve support the automation of process.For gauge changing efficiency Greatly improve, so that the time needed for train conversion gauge greatly shortens.

Preferably, the free mode of wheel is in the step II, bearing mounting base and wheel mounting seat one Setting forms bearing wheel one mounting seat, and the bearing wheel one mounting seat and axletree split settings, and both can be axial It is relative to slide.After wheel is free, bearing wheel one mounting seat can move axially, and axletree and axle box are both with respect to steering Frame framework is fixed its stability and can favorably ensured.

Preferably, wheel is in locking state before unblock in the step II, and the mode of locking is, in axle Sliding part is set between case and bearing, and locking member is set between the sliding part and axle box, is realized and locked by locking member.

Preferably, the mode that wheel unlocks in the step II is that unlock piece, unlock piece are set below axle box It is connected with locking member, the locking member is driven by unlock piece to realize unblock.After bogie enters unblock rail, unblock rail is opened Beginning acts on unlock piece, and the raising and lowering of locking member is controlled by unlock piece, and then controls the free or locking state of wheel.

Preferably, unblock is realized by the unblock rail on railway roadbed, the unblock rail is arranged on unlock piece Lower section.Using supporting unblock rail on railway roadbed, when train is by unblock rail, the unblock rail below unlock piece is Automation unblock can be achieved.

Preferably, wheel is slided in the step III by the way of guided way slip.The conversion side of guided way Formula, compared to manual operation, on the one hand, it, which becomes rail accuracy, to be effectively protected；On the other hand, it becomes rail efficiency and obtained Greatly improve.

Preferably, the slip of wheel, the both ends of the guided way are realized by the guided way on railway roadbed It is connected respectively with track.After bogie enters supporting guided way, it is possible to achieve be oriented to the automation of process.Become for gauge Change efficiency to greatly improve, so that the time needed for train conversion gauge greatly shortens.

In summary, by adopting the above-described technical solution, compared to prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：Open Open up the railway transportation of " Silk Road economy-zone ", it is necessary to face the skimble-scamble problem of gauge.And solves gauge specification Disunity, a kind of most economical, effective method, it is to be equipped with changeable identity for train.Therefore, the present invention provides one The design of kind changeable identity system, the profound significance with particularly significant.Compared to conventional rail away from fixed Bogie, this programme makes train bogie, and bogie wheel can be relative to axletree in axle when by the railway of different gauges It is adjusted up, so as to realize the wheel of conversion bogie to wheelspan to adapt to the railway of different gauges.This means of transportation efficiency pole Height, operation is saved, great facility is brought to international combined transport is carried out.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is the stereogram of axletree, and Fig. 2 is the profile of axletree, and Fig. 3 is the stereogram of bearing wheel one mounting seat, Fig. 4 is the profile of bearing wheel one mounting seat, and Fig. 5 is the stereogram of axle assembly, and Fig. 6 is the front view of axle assembly.

Fig. 7 is the stereogram of sliding part, and Fig. 8 is the front view of sliding part, and Fig. 9 is the side view of sliding part, and Figure 10 is sliding The top view of moving part, Figure 11 are the stereograms of locking member, and Figure 12 is the front view of locking member, and Figure 13 is the stereogram of unlock piece One, Figure 14 are the front views of unlock piece, and Figure 15 is the stereogram two of unlock piece.

Figure 16 is the stereogram of axlebox assemblies, and Figure 17 is the stereogram of upper axle box, and Figure 18 is the stereogram one of lower axle box, figure 19 be the stereogram two of lower axle box, and Figure 20 is the sectional stereogram of axle box, and Figure 21 is the sectional front view of axle box, and Figure 22 is skirtboard Stereogram one, Figure 23 is the stereogram two of skirtboard.

Figure 24 is the sectional stereogram one of slide assemblies, and Figure 25 is the sectional stereogram two of slide assemblies, and Figure 26 is locking The side view one of component, Figure 27 are the side views two of latch assembly, and Figure 28 is the side view three of latch assembly, and Figure 29 is locking group The stereogram one of part, Figure 30 are the stereograms two of latch assembly, and Figure 31 is the stereogram three of latch assembly, and Figure 32 is latch assembly Stereogram four, Figure 33 is the stereogram five of latch assembly, and Figure 34 is the front view of key component, and Figure 35 is the vertical of key component Body figure, Figure 36 be slide key component sectional stereogram one, Figure 37 be slide key component sectional stereogram two, Tu38Shi The sectional stereogram three of key component is slided, Figure 39 is the sectional stereogram four for sliding key component, and Figure 40 is to slide key group The sectional stereogram five of part.

Figure 41 is the stereogram of support unblock rail, and Figure 42 is the side view of support unblock rail, and Figure 43 is support unblock rail A-A profiles, Figure 44 are the stereograms of gauge conversion equipment, and Figure 45 is the top view of gauge conversion equipment, and Figure 46 is that gauge turns The head-down position relation schematic diagram of changing device, Figure 47 are the main view position relationship schematic diagrams of gauge conversion equipment.

Figure 48 is the sectional stereogram of wheel pair, and Figure 49 is the side view of wheel pair, and Figure 50 is the C-C profiles one of wheel pair, is schemed 51 be the C-C profiles two of wheel pair, and Figure 52 is the main view profile of wheel pair, and Figure 53 is the D-D profiles of wheel pair.

Component names corresponding to mark are in accompanying drawing：

A- axle assemblies；A1- axletrees, A11- prismatic pair connecting portions, A12- convex shoulders, A13- ends cap, the installation of A14- gear-boxes Seat；A2- bearing wheel one mounting seats, A21- bearing mounting bases, A22- wheel mounting seats, A23- prismatic pairs junction surface, A24- The shaft shoulder, A25- stop nuts.

B- slides key component；B1- sliding parts, B11- lateral walls, B12- madial walls, B13- locking slots, B14- solution locked grooves, B15- locating slots, B16- projections, B17- end caps；B2- locking members, B21- locking bars, B22- closing pieces, B23- locating rods；B3- is unlocked Part, B31- chassis, B32- back-moving springs, B33- pallets, B34- buffer boards, B35- rollers.

C- axlebox assemblies, C1- axle boxes, C2- bearings, C3- skirtboards.

D- gauge conversion equipments, D1- sleepers；D2- tracks；D3- supporting rails, 31- supporting tables, 32- supports leading portion, 33- branch Stage casing is supportted, 34- support back segments, 35- baffle plates, 36- rollers, D31- support preparation rails, D32-, which is supported, continues rail；D4- unlocks rail, 41- unlocks leading portion, 42- unblocks stage casing, and 43- unlocks back segment, D41- unblock preparation rails, and D42- unblocks continue rail；D5- guided ways； D6- clamps rail, D61- gripping sections, D62- oared segrne piis；A- supporting sections, a '-support breeze way, b- unblock section, b '-unblock buffering Section, c- guide sections.

F- wheels.

Embodiment

In order to make the purpose , technical scheme and advantage of the present invention be clearer, it is right below in conjunction with drawings and Examples The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is only to explain the present invention, not For limiting the present invention.

By taking CRH2 EMUs bogie as an example, following examples are made based on existing CRH2 EMUs bogie Improvement.The auxiliary facilities such as H-shaped framework, axle box hanging device, secondary suspension device turn with existing CRH2 EMUs Relevant device into frame is identical, thus does not repeat.Now turned to only for the present invention relative to existing CRH2 EMUs The improvements of frame, make described in detail below.

Embodiment 1

A kind of gauge changing method, comprises the following steps：Step I support bogies unload wheel；Step II is unlocked Sliding part makes wheel dissociate；Step III, which slides wheel, makes it become rail.

Bogie is supported in the step I by the way of axle box support.Realized by the supporting rail on railway roadbed The support of axle box, the supporting rail are arranged on below axle box.

The free mode of wheel is that bearing mounting base is wholely set to form bearing car with wheel mounting seat in the step II Integral mounting seat, and the bearing wheel one mounting seat and axletree split settings are taken turns, both axially opposing can slide.The step Wheel is in locking state before unblock in rapid II, and the mode of locking is that sliding part is set between axle box and bearing, and Locking member is set between the sliding part and axle box, is realized and locked by locking member.The mode that wheel unlocks in the step II To set unlock piece below axle box, unlock piece is connected with locking member, drives the locking member by unlock piece to realize solution Lock.Unblock is realized by the unblock rail on railway roadbed, the unblock rail is arranged on below unlock piece.

Wheel is slided in the step III by the way of guided way slip.Realized by the guided way on railway roadbed The slip of wheel, the both ends of the guided way are connected with track respectively.

The present embodiment described in detail below relative to prior art improvement part：Axle assembly A, slide key component B, Axlebox assemblies C, and supporting gauge conversion equipment D.

Axletree A1, as shown in Figure 1-2, axletree A1 wheel seat to end position is prismatic pair connecting portion A11, prismatic pair from It is identical with the axial direction of axletree A1 main bodys by spending direction.Axletree A1 both ends to wheel seat position Xuan is cut away into layer of material extremely Form prismatic pair connecting portion A11.Prismatic pair connecting portion A11 medial end is machined with convex shoulder A12.Processed on axletree A1 with teeth Roller box mounting seat A14.Axletree A1 is hollow shaft.The both ends of hollow shaft opening are provided with end cap A13.Prototype hole-bored axle from end to end internal diameterTo ensure that axletree A1 has enough intensity, therefore the axletree A1 after improving designs hollow internal diameter

Bearing wheel one mounting seat A2, as shown in Figure 3-4, bearing wheel one mounting seat A2 is a cylindrical body, tubular The outside of body is bearing mounting base A21 and wheel mounting seat A22, and the hollow bulb of cylindrical body is prismatic pair junction surface A23, prismatic pair Junction surface A23 free degree direction is identical with axletree A1 axial direction.Bearing wheel one mounting seat A2 outer surface profiles and prototype Car power axletree profile is consistent, installs the external diameter at bearingWith CRH2 EMUs bogie power wheel to for base Plinth, keep prototype vehicle wheelWheel boreDeng parameter constant, wheel F is without any modification.Wheel F is used Interference mode coordinates with wheel mounting seat A22, and wheel mounting seat A22 outboard end is machined with the wheel hub for backstop wheel F Shaft shoulder A24, can prevent from loosening when wheel F slides axially.Bearing mounting base A21 outboard end is provided with stops for installation Keep off nut A25 external screw thread.Wheel F, bearing seal ring, sealed double-row circle are installed outside bearing wheel one mounting seat A2 Taper roller bearing C2, oil seal washer, the stop nut A25 etc. of end.

Axle assembly A, as seen in figs. 5-6, including axletree A1 and bearing wheel one mounting seat A2；Prismatic pair junction surface A23 is sheathed on prismatic pair connecting portion A11, and it is secondary that prismatic pair junction surface A23 and prismatic pair connecting portion A11 forms axial movement.Move It is cylindrical hollow portion to move secondary junction surface A23；Prismatic pair connecting portion A11 is cylinder, and the bus of cylinder and axletree A1 master The axial direction of body is identical.Prismatic pair junction surface A23 side wall is provided with axial evagination spline；Prismatic pair connecting portion A11 side wall is set It is equipped with the axial indent spline to match.It is clearance fit relationship between prismatic pair junction surface A23 and prismatic pair connecting portion A11. Prismatic pair connecting portion A11, bearing mounting base A21, wheel mounting seat A22, prismatic pair junction surface A23 and the axis of axletree A1 main bodys Overlap.Axletree sleeved scheme in addition is designed as, i.e., designs sleeve diameter simultaneouslyAxletree both sides Xuan is cut outside position SurfacePlace is machined with spline, and it is matched that sleeve lining is also designed with spline, can be passed while ensureing and sliding axially Torque delivery.

Sliding part B1, as is seen in figs 7-10, sliding part B1 are a cylindrical body, and its lateral wall B11 side is machined with two rows Locking slot B13, locking slot B13 direction are vertical state when on bogie perpendicular to axial direction.Between locking slot B13 Solution locked groove B14 is machined with, solution locked groove B14 communicates with one another two adjacent row's locking slot B13, solution locked groove B14 direction and axial direction Overlap, solution locked groove B14 is provided with two.Lateral wall B11 top is machined with two row locating slot B15, and locating slot B15 direction is hung down Directly in axial direction.Lateral wall B11 top is ellipse, and the major axis of ellipse is horizontal.Locating slot B15 section to be semicircle or Half elliptic.Lateral wall B11 both sides are machined with projection B16, and projection B16 includes mutually perpendicular plane.First by bearing C2 Outer ring suit sliding part B1, then 4 M16 bolts by circle distribution, end cap B17 is arranged on to sliding part B1 both ends, Whole bearing C2 is set to be encapsulated in sliding part B1, end cap B17 is located at inner circle part and is inwardly recessed.

Sliding part B1 is used to assemble bearing C2, the both sides cut-away of transverse using the outer oval shape of inner circle, inner circle Divide material, form the upright plane of both sides, the projection rotated for limit slippage part B1 in axle box C1 is designed with upright plane Axial centre interval 42.5mm two U type slots for being used to lock are offered on B16, projection B16, i.e. locking slot B13 is (axially Spacing determines according to the requirement of converted gauge), become for the gauge between standard gauge (1435mm) and broad gauge (1520mm) Change, meanwhile, sliding part B1 ellipse outer surface on correspondence position be machined with two row grooves, i.e. locating slot B15, respectively with lock Tight groove B13 is at grade.Locating slot B15 bottom semicirculars in shape or half elliptic.Sliding part B1 madial walls Bearing outer ring is installed for coordinating.Lateral wall B11 designs ovalisation, and end cap B17 shapes are identical with sliding part B1 gabarits, end cap B17 is hollowInstallation available for axle assembly A.

Locking member B2, as depicted in figs. 11-12, including locking bar B21 and closing piece B22；Closing piece B22 is located in axle box C1, and even Locking bar B21 top is connected on, for locking locking slot B13 on sliding part B1；Axle box C1 bottoms are machined with circular hole, and locking bar B21 is inserted Enter circular hole, and be slidably connected with axle box C1, locking bar B21 bottoms are extend out to outside axle box C1 from axle box C1.It is fixed that locking member B2 also includes Bar B23, locking bar B21 have been oppositely disposed two for position, and the upper end of locating rod B23 both ends respectively with each locking bar B21 is connected, shape Into an inverted U-shaped.Closing piece B22 primarily serves the effect of locking；And locating rod B23 has primarily served the work that auxiliary centering is oriented to With, while connect both sides locking bar B21 and turn into an entirety.Corner cut structure is provided with the sideline of closing piece B22 bottoms.Locking bar B21 Section for circle, match with axle box C1 circular holes.Locking bar B21 lower end is provided with the screw for installing unlock piece B3.It is fixed Position bar B23 is ellipse, and oval major axis is horizontal, matches with sliding part B1 lateral wall B11.Locating rod B23 bottoms Section semicircular in shape or half elliptic, match with locating slot B15.

Each locking bar B21 top is provided with least two closing piece B22, when being unlocked with sliding part B1 solution locked groove B14, phase Mutually coordinate using by the way of segmentation dislocation unblock, its unblock Stroke Control is in 30-40mm scopes, when upward stroke is more than 30mm When, two closing piece B22 and two solution locked groove B14 of sliding part B1 sides on locking bar B11 are aligned, and can be unlocked to reach axial shifting It is dynamic.Locking member B11 is cylindric, not only facilitates processing, and can coordinate with axle box C1 cylindrical hole reliable.

Unlock piece B3, as illustrated in figs. 13-15, including chassis B31, chassis B31 are in the shape of the letter V.Spiral shell is provided with pallet B33 Hole.Chassis B31's is provided at both ends with buffer board B34, and buffer board B34 is an elastic plate, and the planar horizontal where flat board.Bottom Frame B31 bottom is provided with roller B35.It is elastomeric material on the outside of roller B35 wheel rim.

It is connected between chassis B31 and locking member B21 by long spiro nail M8x25GB/T65-2000, chassis B31 bottoms Roller shaft and roller B35 are installed, by unlock rail effect promote locking member B2 move vertically upward, so as to sliding part B1 Locking slot B13 in separate, and with solution locked groove B14 contraposition, and then move axially unblock.Then with unblock rail height during locking Decline, the back-moving spring B23 through being installed at chassis automatically resets, locking member B2 returns.

Key component B2+B3, as shown in Figure 34-35, including locking member B2 and unlock piece B3；Locking member B2 includes locking bar B21；Locking bar B21 is slidably connected with axle box C1, and locking bar B21 top is located in axle box C1, and bottom extend out to axle box from axle box C1 Outside C1；Unlock piece B3 includes chassis B31, and the lower end of chassis B31 both ends respectively with locking bar B21 is connected.

The chassis B31 pallet B33 being provided at both ends with for backstop back-moving spring B32, locking bar B21 pass through back-moving spring B32 is connected with pallet B33, and back-moving spring B32 is between axle box C1 and pallet B33.Locking member B2 also includes locating rod B23, Upper end of the locating rod B23 both ends respectively with locking bar B21 is connected, and forms an inverted U-shaped.Locating rod B23 enters locating slot B15 Formed and stopped, cooperated with back-moving spring B32, locking member B2 raising and lowering is received limitation.On pallet B33 and lock Bar B21 lower end is provided with the screw to match each other, and both are bolted.

Latch assembly B1+B2, as shown in Figure 26-33, including sliding part B1 and locking member B2；Locking member B2 closing piece B22 Locking bar B21 top is connected to, is cooperated with sliding part B1 lateral wall B11 two row's locking slot B13.Locking bar B21 and solution Locked groove B14 is provided with left and right two with matching each other.Symmetrically locked in sliding part B1 both sides, enhance wanting for both sides locking Point, uniform force, contact area is bigger during locking, and locking effect is more preferable.It is provided between locking slot B13 and passes through for closing piece B22 Solution locked groove B14, solution locked groove B14 two adjacent row's locking slot B13 are communicated with one another.By U-shaped locking member B2 from locating slot B15 Separation, can be unlocked.Closing piece B22 width is less than solution locked groove B15 width.Lateral wall B11 top is provided with two and is ranked position Groove B15；Locking member B2 locating rod B23 both ends are connected to two locking bar B21 upper end.Not only both sides are locked completely, on Portion also aids in locking and centering, it is ensured that more uniformly bears axial shearing, has higher reliability.

Locating rod B23 and locating slot B15 is the ellipse to match each other, if outer shape is designed to circle, semicircle positioning Bar B23 apical positions remotely located groove B15 already, and both sides do not separate also, need to pass through larger upward stroke could be real Now separation unblock.On the other hand, closing piece B22 and solution locked groove B14 sets two with matching each other.Due to the limitation of the rising space, If closing piece B22 is designed as into an entirety, closing piece B22 needs the very big stroke of rising to separate unblock, then, at the top of axle box C1 Accommodating locating rod B23 circular arch connected in star also needs to design deeper, and it is very thick and heavy to ultimately result in axle box C1.Axle box C1 and prototype vehicle Compare, become big more serious, for its framework car body height to the top of rail installed above all by lifting, initiation is a series of inadaptable, needs The position to be changed will be more.Therefore, multiple closing piece B22 are arranged at intervals on locking bar B21, are risen one by one, coordinate multiple solutions Locked groove B14, closing piece B22 upward stroke is greatly shortened, axle box C1, or even the topology layout of whole bogie will not be influenceed.

In gauge changing, wheel F, bearing sealed ring and sliding part B1 integrally can be with bearing wheel one mounting seat A2 Slide axially together,, can be with fixing bearing wheel by locking member B2 lock slide B1 when reaching suitable gauge position Integral mounting seat A2 and wheel F axial movement.Specifically, Figure 26 and Figure 29 is that locking member B2 and sliding part B2 is locked mutually State, now, closing piece B22 are located in locking slot B13, and locating rod B23 is located in locating slot B15.Figure 27 and Figure 30 is unblock shape State, now, closing piece B22 depart from from locking slot B13, and depart from locating slot B15 with solution locked groove B14 contrapositions, locating rod B23.Figure 28 It is releasing process with Figure 31, now sliding part B1 and locking member B1 axially opposing can be slided.Figure 32 is to slide into another lock relatively State at tight groove B13.Figure 33 is the state that locking member B2 and sliding part B2 is locked mutually again.

Axlebox assemblies C, as shown in Figure 16-23, in axlebox assemblies, done mainly for axle box C1 interior wall constructions and overall dimensions Go out to improve, and be the adaptive improvement for other parts.In addition, also it is provided with axle box C1 bottoms for protecting unlock piece B3 skirtboard C3.

Specifically, the present embodiment uses the positioning method of pivoted arm axle box, and axle box C1 is designed using two-piece unit formula, passed through Bolt is fixedly connected, and box outer surface is designed with bolt mounting seat.Figure 17 is inside upper box, and Figure 18 is the top of lower box, Figure 19 is the bottom of lower box.The problem of so can preventing from causing internal locked groove and circular port not to process because of monoblock cast. Meanwhile split-type design can ensure locking member B2 correct installation, i.e., first locking member B2 is fitted into upper box arch notch, then Closure installation lower box, makes locking member B11 penetrate in lower box circular port, stretches out from bottom and lead to unlock piece B3 chassis B31 Cross screw assembling.The design of journal box front cover only guarantees accurate installation on axle box after the modification, therefore journal box front cover is set Meter need to cooperate with axle box.Pivoted arm axle box increases axle box radial dimension when designing, the design of axle box C1 internal diameters and sliding part B1 lateral walls B11 is consistent, is the upright plane of oval upper and lower surface and both sides, and fluted in upright plane processing, for coordinating Load sliding part B1 projection.Because overall dimensions increase, original one is that vertical damper holder needs extension design, to prevent from hanging down Interfered to shock absorber cylinder with axle box.Because not interfering with swing arm type positioning node, so positioning node is without modification.

Such as Figure 20 and 21, oval-shaped groove and circular port are machined with axle box C1 symmetrical centres face, for installation locking Part B2, and cooperate and lock with sliding part B1 locking slot B13 and locating slot B15.Arcuate recess depth 35mm, during by locking Locking member B2 half stretches into sliding part B1 locating slots, and half stretches into the 15mm of axle box arcuate recess, and upward stroke during unblock 20mm is formed.

Such as Figure 22 and 23, to prevent the impact of rugged environment factor and stone debris during operation, under axle box Portion installation unlock piece B3 position, is designed with skirtboard C3, and in square frame-shaped, intermediate groove is used for the roller for stretching out locking member, both sides Plane is used for the supporting surface of axle box carrying.To ensure enough intensity and supporting whole bogie weight, skirtboard inside casing, which has more, to be added Work has floor.

Slide assemblies B1+C1, such as Figure 24-25, including sliding part B1 and axle box C1；Sliding part B1 lateral wall B11 and axle It is in axial sliding connection between case C1；And it is provided with lateral wall B11 and is rotated against for limiting between lateral wall B11 and axle box C1 Limiting unit.

Sliding part B1 and axle box C1 is the ellipse to match.Sliding part B1 both sides are provided with the projection as limiting unit The side wall that B16, axle box C1 and projection B16 are contacted is matched groove.Projection B16 is provided with mutually perpendicular plane. The groove to match with locating slot B15 is provided with axle box C1, for accommodating locating rod B23 upward stroke.Axle box C1 and cunning Coordinate between moving part B1 for gap.Skirtboard C3 is additionally provided with below axle box C1.

Be in axial sliding connection between the lateral wall B11 and axle box C1 of cylindrical body, madial wall B12 and bearing mounting base A21 it Between pass through bearing C2 axial restraints connect.Bearing C2 uses sealed double-row taper roll bearing, is EMU standard axle Hold There is middle ring among inner ring, both ends are equipped with oil seal washer, the sealing for grease.Sliding part B1 with Bearing C2 interference is pressed into after bearing mounting base A21, and backstop is aided in outside by stop nut A25, and sliding part B1 is another End then limits its axial movement by bearing seal ring supplement.

Gauge changing component B1+B2+C1, as shown in Figure 36-40, including sliding part B1, locking member B2 and axle box C1；Slide It is in axial sliding connection between part B1 lateral wall B11 and axle box C1；Locking member B2 closing piece B22 is located in axle box C1, and with lock Tight groove B13 cooperates；Locking bar B21 is slidably connected with axle box C1, and bottom is extend out to outside axle box C1；Unlock piece B3 chassis Lower end of the B31 both ends respectively with locking bar B21 is connected.

The U-shaped that the locating rod B23 and locking bar B21 on locking member B2 tops are formed is consistent with axle box C1 ellipse notches, when with When closing sliding part B1 lockings, locating rod B23 is stretched into locating slot B15, and top half coordinates with axle box C1 arches notch, two side chains Block B22 sticks into locking slot B13, so as to bear axial shearing by locking member B2, constraint pivoted arm axle box C1's and sliding part B1 Axial movement, and then ensure that corresponding gauge position is constant.

In gauge conversion process, axle box C1 keeps being relatively fixed in bogie system.And matched sliding part B1 and locking member B2 then relative motions, to reach the conversion purpose of gauge.Specifically, Figure 36 represents locking state, now, closing piece B22 is located in locking slot B13, and locating rod B23 is located in locating slot B15.Figure 37 represents releasing process, and now, locking bar B21 is solved Latch fitting B3 promotion and move upwards, closing piece B22 departs from out of locking slot B13, and locating rod B23 departs from out of locating slot B15.Figure 38 represent gauge changing process, and now, sliding part B1 slides relative to axle box C1 is relative, until another locking slot B13, i.e. Figure 39 Shown state.Figure 40 is to reach another gauge position, the state locked again.

Support unblock rail D3D4, as shown in Figure 41-43, including supporting rail D3, supporting rail D3 top are supporting table 31, branch Unblock rail D4 is additionally provided with support platform 31.The front end in stage casing 33 is supported positioned at the front of unblock leading portion 41.After supporting stage casing 33 End is positioned at the rear of unblock back segment 43.Gauge-changeable bogie, using axle box bearing mode, becomes rail process operation in gauge changing It is more stable, thus use axle box bearing mode.Using axle box bearing mode, corresponding supporting rail and unblock rail can global design, Groove is opened up among supporting rail, as unblock rail D4.Entirety is by support supporting table 31, cylindrical roller, cylindrical roller axle Hold, the composition such as side shield 35 and intermediate solution lock crossbeam (unblock rail D4) outside axle box.Its generally one rectangular-shaped boss, set in-orbit Axle box C1 lower positions on the outside of road, so as to simplify lengthy and tedious complicated ground gauge conversion equipment.

Supporting rail D3 is arranged at axle box C1 lower section.On the top surface of supporting table 31, or set on the medial surface of baffle plate 35 There is roller 36.Contacted using rolling friction with axle box, in roller path shape.Roller 36 stretches out short axle using cylindrical roller both ends Cylinder roller bearing, code name 32206E, size d × D × 30 × Φ of B=Φ 62 × 16 are installed.Cylinder roller bearing outer ring is fixed Do not turn, inner ring, which rotates, drives roller rotation.Boss seat 5mm is higher by cylindrical roller upper surface, it is ensured that only justify during carrying Post roller contacts with axle box C1 bottom surfaces, whole bogie is advanced by the rolling of cylindrical roller.

Supporting table 31 includes support leading portion 32, support stage casing 33 and the support back segment 34 being sequentially connected, and support leading portion 32 is Raised floor, support stage casing 33 are flat face, and support back segment 34 is decline face.Supporting rail D3 effect is to enter train bogie When entering ground gauge conversion equipment, bearing mode is changed first, is transformed into by the weight for carrying wheel on axle box C1, i.e. axle Case bearing mode, wheel F is vacantly unloaded.Therefore in supporting rail D3 design, to ensure that axle box C1 can smoothly slide onto support Platform 31, is processed into skewed in its both ends original position, and can making bogie, supporting rail D3 can when the F that enters to enter the orbit is away from conversion equipment By ground lifting axlebox assemblies C.

Unblock rail D4 includes unblock leading portion 41, unblock stage casing 42 and the unblock back segment 43 being sequentially connected, and unblock leading portion 41 is Raised floor, unblock stage casing 42 are flat face, and unblock back segment 43 is decline face.The top surface for unlocking rail D4 is less than the top of supporting table 31 Face, form a groove structure.There is rectangular-shaped groove in supporting rail D3 medium designs, make unblock rail D4 and use, groove is divided into three sections： Acclivity section, horizontal segment, decline slop section, it is respectively used to realize unblock, keeps released state, the function of locking.Groove The both ends open of structure.Inclined-plane in the arc-shaped is then designed at solution locked groove D4 both ends, can be fallen into cleaning solution locked groove or debris in groove Afterwards, the cleaning of sewage and dirt is facilitated.Unblock rail D4 unblock inclined-plane can make retaining mechanism vertical ascent 40mm strokes, ensure to slide Moving part B1 separates with locking member B2.

The outside of supporting table 31 is provided with baffle plate 35, and the top surface of baffle plate 35 is higher than the top surface of supporting table 31.Baffle plate 35 with Axle box C1 lateral surfaces are contacted, and axle box C1, the left side that can prevent wheel from occurring when being lifted forward movement are clamped by two side shields 35 Right swing and serpentine locomotion, play guiding centering.

Gauge conversion equipment D, as shown in Figure 44-47, including the supporting rail D3 that is fixed on sleeper D1, unblock and are led rail D4 To rail D5, supporting rail D3 includes support preparation rail D31 and support continues rail D32, and unblock rail D4 includes unblock preparation rail D41 and conciliate The continuous rail D42 of locking；Support preparation rail D31 forms supporting section a；Support continues rail D32 and unblock preparation rail D41 forms unblock section b； Support continues rail D32, unblock continues rail D42 and guided way D5 and forms guide section c.Branch is provided between supporting section a and unblock section b Breeze way a ' is supportted, support breeze way a ' is by supporting lasting rail D32 to form.Unblock buffering is provided between unblock section b and guide section c Section b ', unblock breeze way b ' are formed by supporting lasting rail D32 to conciliate the continuous rail D42 of locking.

Track D2 is connected by track flat segments D21 with track descending branch D22 to be formed, and track descending branch D22 is positioned at support Within section a.Made due to new after wheel exists due to abrasion with used car wheel, the problem of axle box C1 is moved down caused by height declines, While supporting rail D3 initiating terminals are designed to skewed, track D2 is also designed when entering gauge conversion equipment and is tilted towards a little Lower shape, to aid in axle box carrying to make wheel hanging.

Exemplified by being converted by 1435mm gauges area to 1520mm gauges area.Wheel guided way D5 is in clamping shape, according to EMUs The requirement of rim for automobile wheel width, axial distance is 135mm among two gangs of guided way D5 at track D2.Guided way D5 arrangements are in-orbit Away from conversion section, because bogie is carried by axle box C1, therefore track D2 is not provided among it, only in guided way starting and ending mistake Degree section is connected with 1435mm gauges track and 1520mm gauge tracks.To ensure that wheel being capable of normotopia when that will enter guided way Centering, at guided way both ends, in addition to clamping rail D6, clamping rail D6 include gripping section D61, and gripping section D61 one end is with leading To rail D5 connections, the other end extends to track flat segments D21.Clamping rail D6 also includes oared segrne pii D62, oared segrne pii D62 and Gripping section D61 end connection.

Gauge-changeable bogie A+B+C, as shown in Figure 48-53, including axle assembly A, slip key component B and axlebox assemblies C；Axle assembly A prismatic pair junction surface A23 and prismatic pair connecting portion A11 forms axial movement pair, and wheel F pacifies installed in wheel Fill on seat A22；It is in axial sliding connection between slip key component B sliding part B1 lateral wall B11 and axle box C1, madial wall Connected between B12 and bearing mounting base A21 by bearing C2 axial restraints.Slide key component B locking member B2 closing piece B22 In axle box C1, locking bar B21 top is connected to, and cooperate with sliding part B1 locking slot B13；Locking bar B21 and axle Case C1 is slidably connected, and bottom is extend out to outside axle box C1；It is connected respectively with unlock piece B3 chassis B31 both ends；Chassis B31 Bottom be provided with roller B35.Axlebox assemblies C skirtboard C3 is arranged at axle box C1 lower section；Skirtboard C3 bottom is provided with logical Hole, roller B35 via through holes are extend out to outside skirtboard C3.

This gauge-changeable bogie is moved using wheel F with bearing C2 with bearing wheel one mounting seat A2, then is passed through Sliding part B1 mode is locked, reaches wheel F axial restraint, meets the requirement of the gauge changing of different gauges.Based on CRH2 Type bogie, after small range is changed, it can be applicable；It can be extended to the bogie of other models.

Bearing mounting base and wheel mounting seat are wholely set by this programme, and wheel and bearing difference interference are pacified installed in wheel Fill on seat and bearing mounting base.Meanwhile bearing mounting base and wheel mounting seat are arranged on prismatic pair junction surface, and by the bearing Wheel one mounting seat is installed on the prismatic pair connecting portion of axletree, can be by controlling the axle in the bearing wheel one mounting seat The position in axlebox assemblies is held, the axial direction shifting of wheel when being controlled the movement of wheel, and then not only realizing gauge changing Dynamic problem.Axle assembly is provided with axially slidable prismatic pair connecting portion and prismatic pair junction surface, only right when making gauge changing Wheel, bearing wheel one mounting seat, bearing move.Install sliding part, the outside of sliding part additional between bearing and axle box It is clearance fit relationship between wall and axle box, both axially opposing can slide；Further, since the effect of limiting unit, makes lateral wall It can not be rotated against between axle box.The madial wall of sliding part is interference fitted with bearing outer ring, bearing inner race and bearing wheel one The bearing mounting base position interference fit of body mounting seat.It is so that axially opposing between bearing wheel one mounting seat and sliding part It is fixed, and can circumferentially relatively rotate；It can axially be relatively moved between sliding part and axle box, and circumferentially opposed fixation.Axle body Keep constant with the position of the device such as axle box, single stage suspension, improve the relative stability and security of gauge changing process.This Outside, axial prismatic pair can come and go slip to reach the position of different gauges, can according to the demand of specific gauge changing specification, if Conversion between the conversion being calculated as between two kinds of gauges, and three kinds and more than three kinds gauges, therefore, the application of the axle assembly Scope is quite varied.Being finally reached bearing wheel one mounting seat, wheel, bearing can move axially relative to axle box, simultaneously The purpose not rotated against in circumference between bearing and axle box.

When locking slot can realize that wheel is moved to different gauge positions, locked by locking slot and closing piece.Closing piece is consolidated It is scheduled on locking bar, when locking bar rises, drives closing piece to rise together, so that closing piece takes off from the locking slot of sliding part both sides From into solution locked groove.Conversely, when locking bar declines, closing piece is driven to decline together, so that solution locked groove of the closing piece from sliding part both sides Middle disengaging, into locking slot.Above procedure is to realize the conversion from locking state to released state.In the both sides position of lateral wall Put, according to gauge specification, can real needs may be provided with the locking slots of a variety of gauge positions.The direction of locking slot is preferably perpendicular to Axially, preferable locking effect can be reached.Supporting corresponding locking member and unlock piece, preferably in vertical direction.And flute profile Locking mode is simple in construction, dependable performance.

The locking groove location of both sides is provided with axially unlocked groove, when the upward lifting certain altitude of the locking bar of locking member, lock Block enters solution locked groove region, and sliding part can move axially, and when being moved to another locking slot, closing piece declines, from Xie Suocaoqu Domain enters another locking slot to complete to lock.Staggeredly enter the mode of axially unlocked groove when closing piece rises, it is enough in vertical space Situation, can be set multiple, rectangular dentation, it is corresponding solve locked groove also can be set it is multiple, be combined with each other with rectangular toothed or point From.Multiple closing pieces staggeredly enter solution locked groove region, intersect locking, the mode of unblock, can reduce unblock upward stroke.While in order to Guarantee has enough lock close contact surfaces, should not also set excessive amounts of closing piece.

Sliding part lateral wall top set with both sides locking slot in conplane locating slot, if in a variety of gauge changings In the case of, multiple rows of locating slot can be set.Locating slot plays auxiliary locking centering；Limitation locking member is also acted to continue to lock Continue the effect moved downward after tight sliding part, prevent closing piece from being skidded off from locking slot lower end.Meanwhile axle box is provided with for locating rod The space that stroke rises.

Locking member unblock stroke crosses conference and occupies axle box space, makes axle box volume excessive, influences the peace of each equipment of bogie Dress and cooperation.Sliding part gabarit is ellipse, and its major axis is horizontal, and compared to circle, mobile less distance can unlock, and can subtract Small unblock stroke, and then vertical height is reduced, bogie primary-suspension and framework is increased height and be maintained at smaller range, make row Car adapts to existing platform height.Meanwhile because oval both sides projection is unnecessary, therefore a part of material is cut away, reach light The design requirement of quantization.

The top connection locking bar of chassis, V-Bottom frame can make the left and right same cloth of two check lock levers by middle minimum point stress lifting Rise, synchronizing unlocking, avoid the occurrence of above mentioned problem completely.The roller of V-Bottom frame lower end realizes the slip on unblock rail inclined-plane Friction is changed into the effect of rolling friction.By roller while rolling on unblock rail inclined-plane, upward lifting V-Bottom frame, real on one side Existing effect is even more ideal.

Unlock piece is arranged on below axle box, and due to not blocking protection, track both sides easily impact unlock piece, made at any time Into damage, the skirtboard can effectively protect unlock piece.

Gauge changing method A+B+C+D, comprises the following steps：Step I support bogies unload wheel；Step II is solved Lock sliding part makes wheel dissociate；Step III, which slides wheel, makes it become rail.

Bogie is supported in step I by the way of axle box support.Axle box is realized by the supporting rail on railway roadbed Support, supporting rail is arranged on below axle box.

The free mode of wheel is that bearing mounting base is wholely set to form bearing wheel one with wheel mounting seat in step II Body mounting seat, and bearing wheel one mounting seat and axletree split settings, both axially opposing can slide.Wheel exists in step II Locking state is in before unblock, the mode of locking is that sliding part is set between axle box and bearing, and in sliding part and axle box Between locking member is set, pass through locking member realize locking.The mode that wheel unlocks in step II is that unblock is set below axle box Part, unlock piece are connected with locking member, drive locking member by unlock piece to realize unblock.Pass through the unblock rail on railway roadbed Unblock is realized, unblock rail is arranged on below unlock piece.

Wheel is slided in step III by the way of guided way slip.Wheel is realized by the guided way on railway roadbed Slip, the both ends of guided way are connected with track respectively.

So that wheel gauge is changed into the conversion process of 1520mm broad gauges position from 1435mm standard gauges position as an example, illustrate that the gauge changing turns To the gauge changing process of frame, and its operation principle：

(1) after wheel reaches ground gauge conversion equipment, supporting rail contacts with the skirtboard below pivoted arm axle box, lifts Bogie, unload wheel.

(2) unblock rail inclined-plane at supporting rail intermediate groove rises, pushing rolling wheels overcome the resistance of back-moving spring vertically to Upper movement, and then promote U-shaped locking member to move upwards and depart from sliding part locating slot, so as to free sliding part and bearing wheel one Mounting seat, so far, wheel are unlocked.

(3) then, in the presence of the wheel guided way of ground, wheel moves laterally, and drives the axle with wheel one Hold wheel one mounting seat, sliding part slides together.So far, disc brake is also unlocked.Wheel drives bearing wheel one Body mounting seat, sliding part, disc brake slide axially together.Wheel gauge is changed into broad gauge position from standard gauge position (1435mm) (1520mm)。

(4) after required gauge is reached, the unblock rail inclined-plane at supporting rail intermediate groove declines, and retaining mechanism is resetting In the presence of spring, vertical downward movement.Now U-shaped locking member slowly enters sliding part locating slot by axle box oval-shaped groove, Both sides closing piece also stretches into locking slot, so as to lock sliding part, limits the axial movement of bearing wheel one mounting seat and wheel, most Reach broad gauge position eventually.

When Wheel centre distance narrows from the width, whole conversion process need to only move in the opposite direction with above-mentioned essentially identical according to wheel It is dynamic.Meanwhile can the disc brake of auto lock also move in the opposite direction.

The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all essences in the present invention All any modification, equivalent and improvement made within refreshing and principle etc., should be included in the scope of the protection.

Claims (9)

1. A kind of 1. gauge changing method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：

   Step I support bogies unload wheel；

   Step II unblock sliding parts make wheel dissociate；

   Step III, which slides wheel, makes it become rail.
2. 2. gauge changing method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Bogie is supported to use axle in the step I The mode of case support.
3. 3. gauge changing method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：Realized by the supporting rail on railway roadbed The support of axle box, the supporting rail are arranged on below axle box.
4. 4. gauge changing method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The free mode of wheel in the step II For bearing mounting base is wholely set to form bearing wheel one mounting seat with wheel mounting seat, and the bearing wheel is integrally pacified Seat and axletree split settings are filled, both axially opposing can slide.
5. 5. gauge changing method according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：Wheel is located before unblock in the step II In locking state, the mode of locking is that sliding part is set between axle box and bearing, and is set between the sliding part and axle box Locking member is put, is realized and locked by locking member.
6. 6. gauge changing method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：The mode that wheel unlocks in the step II To set unlock piece below axle box, unlock piece is connected with locking member, drives the locking member by unlock piece to realize solution Lock.
7. 7. gauge changing method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：Realized by the unblock rail on railway roadbed Unblock, the unblock rail are arranged on below unlock piece.
8. 8. gauge changing method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Wheel is slided in the step III using guiding The mode that rail slides.
9. 9. gauge changing method according to claim 8, it is characterised in that：Realized by the guided way on railway roadbed The slip of wheel, the both ends of the guided way are connected with track respectively.