CN207683242U - A kind of axle applied to gauge-changeable bogie - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model belongs to bogie systems technology field, and in particular to wheel seat to the end position of a kind of axle applied to gauge-changeable bogie, the axle is prismatic pair interconnecting piece, and the freedom degree direction of the prismatic pair is identical as the axial direction of the axle body.The purpose of this utility model is that：When passing through the railway of different gauges for train, there is a problem of that conevying efficiency is low, a kind of axle applied to gauge-changeable bogie is provided, the axle is applied on bogie, wheel is set to be adjusted in the axial direction relative to axle, to realize the wheel for converting bogie to wheelspan to adapt to the railway of different gauges.Carry out the railway transportation of " Silk Road economy-zone ", it is necessary to face the skimble-scamble problem of gauge.And gauge specification disunity is solved, a kind of most economical, effective method is to be equipped with changeable identity for train.Therefore, the design for carrying out changeable identity system has particularly significant and profound significance.

Description

A kind of axle applied to gauge-changeable bogie

Technical field

The utility model belongs to bogie systems technology field, and in particular, to a kind of applied to gauge-changeable bogie Axle.

Background technology

With the proposition of the Belt and Road strategic idea, come and gone by the commerce and trade of railway transportation between China and periphery various countries Increasingly frequently, and a plurality of railway international combined transport and region through transport channel have been carried out between China and neighbouring country." Silk Road economy Band " makes Euro-Asia Continental Bridge become its important railway traffic as one of most important trade by roadway channel in the unicom Eurasia Tie is transported, to bring happiness along road area people's economy.However, due to history, the iron of country variant and area Road uses different gauge specifications.

Currently, in railway of the train Jing Guo different gauge specifications, there are two types of scheme is available.When transhipment container Mode lifts container to the train of another gauge specification from a kind of train of gauge specification；Second is that replacing bogie Mode, i.e., train support device is jacked up hanging, then a kind of bogie of gauge specification is unloaded, another gauge is installed The bogie of specification.Both means of transportation inefficiency bring many restrictions to international combined transport is carried out.

Utility model content

The purpose of this utility model is that：When passing through the railway of different gauges for train, there are wheels when gauge changing The problem of can not moving axially, provides a kind of axle applied to gauge-changeable bogie, which is applied on bogie, is made Wheel is adjusted in the axial direction relative to axle, to realize the wheel for converting bogie to wheelspan to adapt to the iron of different gauges Road.

To achieve the goals above, the technical solution adopted in the utility model is：

Wheel seat to the end position of a kind of axle applied to gauge-changeable bogie, the axle is prismatic pair interconnecting piece, The freedom degree direction of the prismatic pair is identical as the axial direction of the axle body.Axle is provided at both ends with axially slidable movement Secondary interconnecting piece when making gauge changing, only moves wheel, and axle body is without movement.Not only solve gauge changing When wheel move axially the problem of, also have good guarantee to the stability of bogie.In addition, axial prismatic pair can be slided back and forth It moves to reach the position of different gauges, can be according to the demand of specific gauge changing specification, the transformation being designed as between two kinds of gauges, And the conversion between three kinds and three kinds or more gauges, therefore, the application range of the axle is very extensive.

Preferably, the prismatic pair interconnecting piece is prism, and the incline of the prism and the axle master The axial direction of body is identical.The prismatic pair interconnecting piece of axle end can be used with the axial identical prism of axle body, can not only solve The problem of certainly wheel moves axially also solves the problem of radial torque transmits.Prism specifically preferable triangular prism, tetragonous Column, pentagonal prism etc., but the prism that bottom edge quantity should not be selected excessive, cannot reach preferable diameter due to being radially slided because being also easy to produce To torque transfer function.

Preferably, the prismatic pair interconnecting piece is cylinder, and the busbar of the cylinder and the axle master The axial direction of body is identical.The prismatic pair interconnecting piece of axle end can be used with the axial identical cylinder of axle body, solve vehicle The problem of wheel axial movement.Using cylinder as prismatic pair interconnecting piece, keep the structural stability of axle stronger.

Preferably, axial splines are provided on the outside of the prismatic pair interconnecting piece.Axial splines can be used for transmitting Torque, preferably rectangular spline are widely used in mechanical engineering field, easy to process, can get higher essence with method for grinding Degree, the mobile connection that can be used under load and zero load.

Preferably, the axis of the prismatic pair interconnecting piece is overlapped with the axis of the axle body.Processing must be protected Axis registration accuracy is demonstrate,proved, prevents that local excessive abrasion occurs at runtime.

Preferably, the medial end of the prismatic pair interconnecting piece is provided with convex shoulder.The movement of prismatic pair can be limited Range avoids interfering influence with axle internal unit.

Preferably, the axle is hollow shaft.Using hollow shaft, in the premise for not influencing bent axle intensity Under, reach the light-weighted design requirement of axle；Meanwhile the hollow shaft of use can be additionally used in the detection flaw detection of Axle crack, make Ultrasonic probe is formed directly into through-hole and detects a flaw, and safeguards the safety of axle.

Preferably, what the hollow shaft was open is provided at both ends with end cap.Usually, end cap is normally closed, can prevent oil The impurity such as dirt enter inside hollow shaft；When detecting flaw detection, need to only remove.

Preferably, it is provided with gear-box mounting base on the axle.This gauge-changeable bogie axle is based on power Axle designs, therefore need to consider the driving problems of power axle.Gear-box mounting base is set in power axle side, for installing tooth Roller box, to transmit driving moment.

In conclusion by adopting the above-described technical solution, compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model It is：Carry out the railway transportation of " Silk Road economy-zone ", it is necessary to face the skimble-scamble problem of gauge.And solve gauge Specification disunity, a kind of most economical, effective method are to be equipped with changeable identity for train.Therefore, this practicality is new Type provides a kind of design scheme of changeable identity system, the profound significance with particularly significant.Compared to conventional rail Away from fixed bogie, this programme makes train bogie when by the railway of different gauges, and bogie wheel can be relative to Axle is adjusted in the axial direction, to realize the wheel for converting bogie to wheelspan to adapt to the railway of different gauges.This transporter Formula ultrahigh in efficiency saves operation, and great facility is brought to international combined transport is carried out.

Description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is the stereogram of axle, and Fig. 2 is the sectional view of axle, and Fig. 3 is the stereogram of bearing wheel one mounting base, Fig. 4 is the sectional view of bearing wheel one mounting base, and Fig. 5 is the stereogram of axle assembly, and Fig. 6 is the front view of axle assembly.

Fig. 7 is the stereogram of sliding part, and Fig. 8 is the front view of sliding part, and Fig. 9 is the side view of sliding part, and Figure 10 is sliding The vertical view of moving part, Figure 11 are the stereograms of locking member, and Figure 12 is the front view of locking member, and Figure 13 is the stereogram of unlock piece One, Figure 14 are the front views of unlock piece, and Figure 15 is the stereogram two of unlock piece.

Figure 16 is the stereogram of axlebox assemblies, and Figure 17 is the stereogram of upper axle box, and Figure 18 is the stereogram one of lower axle box, figure 19 be the stereogram two of lower axle box, and Figure 20 is the sectional stereogram of axle box, and Figure 21 is the sectional front view of axle box, and Figure 22 is skirtboard Stereogram one, Figure 23 is the stereogram two of skirtboard.

Figure 24 is the sectional stereogram one of slide assemblies, and Figure 25 is the sectional stereogram two of slide assemblies, and Figure 26 is locking The side view one of component, Figure 27 are the side views two of locking assembly, and Figure 28 is the side view three of locking assembly, and Figure 29 is locking group The stereogram one of part, Figure 30 are the stereograms two of locking assembly, and Figure 31 is the stereogram three of locking assembly, and Figure 32 is locking assembly Stereogram four, Figure 33 is the stereogram five of locking assembly, and Figure 34 is the front view of key component, and Figure 35 is the vertical of key component Body figure, Figure 36 are the sectional stereograms one for sliding key component, and Figure 37 is the sectional stereogram two for sliding key component, Tu38Shi The sectional stereogram three of key component is slided, Figure 39 is the sectional stereogram four for sliding key component,

Figure 40 is the sectional stereogram five for sliding key component.

Figure 41 is the stereogram of support unlock rail, and Figure 42 is the side view of support unlock rail, and Figure 43 is support unlock rail A-A sectional views, Figure 44 are the stereograms of gauge conversion equipment, and Figure 45 is the vertical view of gauge conversion equipment, and Figure 46 is that gauge turns The head-down position relation schematic diagram of changing device, Figure 47 are the main view position relationship schematic diagrams of gauge conversion equipment.

Figure 48 is the sectional stereogram of wheel pair, and Figure 49 is the side view of wheel pair, and Figure 50 is the C-C sectional views one of wheel pair, figure 51 be the C-C sectional views two of wheel pair, and Figure 52 is the main view sectional view of wheel pair, and Figure 53 is the D-D sectional views of wheel pair.

The corresponding component names are marked to be in attached drawing：

A- axle assemblies；A1- axles, A11- prismatic pair interconnecting pieces, A12- convex shoulders, A13- end caps, the installation of A14- gear-boxes Seat；A2- bearing wheel one mounting bases, A21- bearing mounting bases, A22- wheel mounting bases, A23- prismatic pairs joint portion, A24- The shaft shoulder, A25- stop nuts.

B- slides key component；B1- sliding parts, B11- lateral walls, B12- madial walls, B13- locking slots, B14- solve locked groove, B15- locating slots, B16- convex blocks, B17- end caps；B2- locking members, B21- locking bars, B22- closing pieces, B23- locating rods；B3- is unlocked Part, B31- chassis, B32- resetting springs, B33- pallets, B34- buffer boards, B35- idler wheels.

C- axlebox assemblies, C1- axle boxes, C2- bearings, C3- skirtboards.

D- gauge conversion equipments, D1- sleepers；D2- tracks；D3- supporting rails, 31- supporting tables, 32- support leading portion, 33- branch Stage casing is supportted, 34- supports back segment, and 35- baffles, 36- idler wheels, D31- support preparation rails, D32-, which is supported, continues rail；D4- unlocks rail, 41- unlocks leading portion, and 42- unlocks stage casing, and 43- unlocks back segment, D41- unlock preparation rails, and D42- unlocks continue rail；D5- guided ways； Rail, D61- gripping sections, D62- oared segrne piis is clamped in D6-；A- supporting sections, a '-support breeze way, b- to unlock section, and b '-unlocks are slow Rush section, c- guide sections.

F- wheels.

Specific implementation mode

In order to make the purpose of the utility model, technical solutions and advantages more clearly understood, below in conjunction with attached drawing and implementation Example, the present invention will be further described in detail.It should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is only explaining this Utility model is not used to limit the utility model.

By taking CRH2 EMUs bogie as an example, following embodiment is made based on existing CRH2 EMUs bogie Improvement.The auxiliary facilities such as H-shaped framework, axle box hanging device, secondary suspension device turn with existing CRH2 EMUs Relevant device into frame is identical, because without repeating.Now only for the utility model relative to existing CRH2 EMUs The improvements of bogie are made described in detail below.

Embodiment 1

The present embodiment introduces a kind of axle applied to gauge-changeable bogie, as shown in Figure 1, the wheel seat of the axle A1 is extremely End position is prismatic pair interconnecting piece A11, and the freedom degree direction of the prismatic pair is identical as the axial direction of axle A1 main bodys.

The prismatic pair interconnecting piece A11 is cylinder, and the axial direction of the busbar of the cylinder and the axle A1 main bodys It is identical.It is provided with axial splines on the outside of the prismatic pair interconnecting piece A11.The axis of the prismatic pair interconnecting piece A11 with it is described The axis of axle A1 main bodys overlaps.The medial end of the prismatic pair interconnecting piece A11 is provided with convex shoulder A12.The axle A1 is Hollow shaft.The hollow shaft opening is provided at both ends with end cap A13.Gear-box mounting base A14 is provided on the axle A1.

The improvement part of the present embodiment described in detail below compared with the existing technology：Axle assembly A, sliding key component B, Axlebox assemblies C and mating gauge conversion equipment D.

Axle A1, as shown in Figs. 1-2, the wheel seat of axle A1 to end position is prismatic pair interconnecting piece A11, prismatic pair from It is identical as the axial direction of axle A1 main bodys by spending direction.The both ends axle A1 to wheel seat position Xuan is cut away into layer of material extremely Form prismatic pair interconnecting piece A11.The medial end of prismatic pair interconnecting piece A11 is machined with convex shoulder A12.It is processed on axle A1 with teeth Roller box mounting base A14.Axle A1 is hollow shaft.The both ends of hollow shaft opening are equipped with end cap A13.Prototype hole-bored axle from end to end internal diameterTo ensure that axle A1 has enough intensity, therefore improved axle A1 designs hollow internal diameter

Bearing wheel one mounting base A2, as shown in Figure 3-4, bearing wheel one mounting base A2 are a cylindrical body, tubular The outside of body is bearing mounting base A21 and wheel mounting base A22, and the hollow portion of cylindrical body is prismatic pair joint portion A23, prismatic pair The freedom degree direction of joint portion A23 is identical as the axial direction of axle A1.Bearing wheel one mounting base A2 outer surface profiles and prototype Vehicle power axle profile is consistent, installs the outer diameter at bearingWith CRH2 EMUs bogie power wheel to for base Plinth keeps prototype vehicle wheelWheel boreEqual parameter constants, wheel F are not necessarily to any modification.Wheel F is adopted Coordinated with interference mode and wheel mounting base A22, the outboard end of wheel mounting base A22 is machined with the wheel for backstop wheel F The shaft shoulder A24 of hub can prevent from loosening when wheel F slides axially.The outboard end of bearing mounting base A21 is provided with for installing The external screw thread of stop nut A25.Wheel F, bearing seal ring, sealed double-row are installed outside bearing wheel one mounting base A2 Taper roll bearing C2, oil seal washer, end stop nut A25 etc..

Axle assembly A, as seen in figs. 5-6, including axle A1 and bearing wheel one mounting base A2；Prismatic pair joint portion A23 is sheathed on prismatic pair interconnecting piece A11, and it is secondary that prismatic pair joint portion A23 and prismatic pair interconnecting piece A11 forms axial movement.It moves Dynamic pair joint portion A23 is cylindrical hollow portion；Prismatic pair interconnecting piece A11 is cylinder, and the busbar of cylinder and axle A1 master The axial direction of body is identical.The side wall of prismatic pair joint portion A23 is provided with axial evagination spline；The side wall of prismatic pair interconnecting piece A11 is set It is equipped with the axial indent spline to match.It is clearance fit relationship between prismatic pair joint portion A23 and prismatic pair interconnecting piece A11. The axis of prismatic pair interconnecting piece A11, bearing mounting base A21, wheel mounting base A22, prismatic pair joint portion A23 and axle A1 main bodys Line overlaps.It is designed as axle sleeved scheme in addition, i.e., designs sleeve diameter simultaneouslyAxle both sides Xuan cuts position Outer surfacePlace is machined with spline, and it is matched that sleeve lining is also designed with spline, can be while ensureing to slide axially Transmit torque.

Sliding part B1, as is seen in figs 7-10, sliding part B1 are a cylindrical body, and the side of lateral wall B11 is machined with two rows The direction of locking slot B13, locking slot B13 are vertical state perpendicular to axial direction, when being mounted on bogie.Between locking slot B13 It is machined with solution locked groove B14, solution locked groove B14 communicates with one another adjacent two rows of locking slot B13, the direction of solution locked groove B14 and axial direction It overlaps, there are two the B14 settings of solution locked groove.The top of lateral wall B11 is machined with two rows of locating slot B15, the direction of locating slot B15 Perpendicular to axial direction.The top of lateral wall B11 is ellipse, and the long axis of ellipse is horizontal.The section of locating slot B15 is semicircle Or half elliptic.The both sides of lateral wall B11 are machined with convex block B16, and convex block B16 includes mutually perpendicular plane.First by bearing The outer ring of C2 is set with sliding part B1, then by 4 M16 bolts of circle distribution, and end cap B17 is mounted on the two of sliding part B1 End, makes entire bearing C2 be encapsulated in sliding part B1, end cap B17 is located at interior circular portion and is inwardly recessed.

Sliding part B1 is using elliptical shape outside inner circle, and inner circle is for assembling bearing C2, the both sides cut-away of transverse Divide material, forms the upright plane of both sides, the convex block rotated in axle box C1 for limit slippage part B1 is designed on upright plane Two U type slots for locking of axial centre interval 42.5mm are offered on B16, convex block B16, i.e. locking slot B13 is (axial Spacing is determined according to the requirement of converted gauge), become for the gauge between standard gauge (1435mm) and broad gauge (1520mm) Change, meanwhile, corresponding position is machined with two row grooves, i.e. locating slot B15 on the outer surface of sliding part B1 ellipses, respectively with lock Tight slot B13 is in the same plane.Locating slot B15 bottom semicirculars in shape or half elliptic.Sliding part B1 madial walls B12Bearing outer ring is installed for coordinating.Lateral wall B11 designs ovalisation, end cap B17 shapes and sliding part B1 gabarits Identical, end cap B17 is hollowIt can be used for the installation of axle assembly A.

Locking member B2, as depicted in figs. 11-12, including locking bar B21 and closing piece B22；Closing piece B22 is located in axle box C1, and even It is connected on the top of locking bar B21, for locking locking slot B13 on sliding part B1；The lower parts axle box C1 are machined with circular hole, and locking bar B21 is inserted Enter circular hole, and be slidably connected with axle box C1, the lower parts locking bar B21 are extend out to from axle box C1 outside axle box C1.Locking member B2 further includes fixed Position bar B23, there are two locking bar B21 is oppositely disposed, the both ends of locating rod B23 are connect with the upper end of each locking bar B21 respectively, Form an inverted U-shaped.Closing piece B22 primarily serves the effect of locking；And locating rod B23 has primarily served what auxiliary centering was oriented to Effect, while both sides locking bar B21 is connected as an entirety.It is provided with corner cut structure at the sideline of the lower parts closing piece B22.Locking bar The section of B21 is circle, is matched with axle box C1 circular holes.The lower end of locking bar B21 is provided with the screw hole for installing unlock piece B3. Locating rod B23 is ellipse, and oval long axis is horizontal, matches with the lateral wall B11 of sliding part B1.The lower parts locating rod B23 Section semicircular in shape or half elliptic, match with locating slot B15.

The top of each locking bar B21 is provided at least two closing piece B22, when being unlocked with the solution locked groove B14 of sliding part B1, phase Mutually cooperation is by the way of segmentation dislocation unlock, and unlock Stroke Control is in 30-40mm ranges, when upward stroke is more than 30mm When, two closing piece B22 and two solution locked groove B14 of the sides sliding part B1 on locking bar B11 are aligned, and can be unlocked to reach axial shifting It is dynamic.Locking member B11 is cylindric, not only facilitates processing, but also can coordinate with the cylindrical hole of axle box C1 reliable.

Unlock piece B3, as illustrated in figs. 13-15, including chassis B31, chassis B31 are in the shape of the letter V.It is provided with spiral shell on pallet B33 Hole.Chassis B31's is provided at both ends with buffer board B34, and buffer board B34 is an elastic plate, and the planar horizontal where tablet.Bottom The bottom of frame B31 is provided with idler wheel B35.It is elastic material on the outside of the wheel rim of idler wheel B35.

It is connected and fixed by long spiro nail M8x25GB/T65-2000 between chassis B31 and locking member B21, the bottoms chassis B31 Roller shaft and idler wheel B35 are installed, the effect by unlocking rail pushes locking member B2 to move vertically upward, thus with sliding part B1 Locking slot B13 in detach, and with solution locked groove B14 contraposition, and then move axially unlock.Then with unlock rail height when locking Decline, the resetting spring B23 through being installed at chassis automatically resets, locking member B2 returns.

Key component B2+B3, as shown in Figure 34-35, including locking member B2 and unlock piece B3；Locking member B2 includes locking bar B21；Locking bar B21 is slidably connected with axle box C1, and the top of locking bar B21 is located in axle box C1, and lower part extend out to axle box from axle box C1 Outside C1；Unlock piece B3 includes chassis B31, and the both ends of chassis B31 are connect with the lower end of locking bar B21 respectively.

The pallet B33 of chassis B31 being provided at both ends with for backstop resetting spring B32, locking bar B21 pass through resetting spring B32 is connect with pallet B33, and resetting spring B32 is between axle box C1 and pallet B33.Locking member B2 further includes locating rod B23, The both ends of locating rod B23 are connect with the upper end of locking bar B21 respectively, form an inverted U-shaped.Locating rod B23 enters locating slot B15 Blocking is formed, cooperates with resetting spring B32, the raising and lowering of locking member B2 is made to receive limitation.On pallet B33 and The lower end of locking bar B21 is provided with the screw hole to match each other, and the two is bolted.

Locking assembly B1+B2, as shown in Figure 26-33, including sliding part B1 and locking member B2；The closing piece B22 of locking member B2 It is connected to the top of locking bar B21, is cooperated with two rows of locking slot B13 of the lateral wall B11 of sliding part B1.Locking bar B21 and solution Locked groove B14 is provided with left and right two with matching each other.It is symmetrically locked in the both sides of sliding part B1, enhances wanting for both sides locking Point, uniform force, contact area bigger when locking, locking effect are more preferable.It is provided between locking slot B13 and passes through for closing piece B22 Solution locked groove B14, solution locked groove B14 adjacent two rows of locking slot B13 are communicated with one another.By U-shaped locking member B2 from locating slot B15 Middle separation can unlock.The width of closing piece B22 is less than the width of solution locked groove B15.The top of lateral wall B11 is provided with two and is ranked Position slot B15；The both ends locating rod B23 of locking member B2 are connected to the upper end of two locking bar B21.Not only both sides are locked completely, Top also assists locking and centering, it is ensured that more uniformly bears axial shearing, has higher reliability.

Locating rod B23 and locating slot B15 is the ellipse to match each other, if outer shape is designed to circle, semicircle positioning Bar B23 apical positions remotely located slot B15 already, and both sides do not detach also, need to pass through larger upward stroke could be real Now separation unlock.On the other hand, closing piece B22 and solution locked groove B14 is arranged two with matching each other.Due to the limitation of the rising space, If closing piece B22 is designed as an entirety, closing piece B22 needs the very big stroke of rising that could detach unlock, then, the tops axle box C1 The circular arch connected in star that portion accommodates locating rod B23 also needs to design deeper, and it is very thick and heavy to eventually lead to axle box C1.Axle box C1 and prototype vehicle Compare, become larger more serious, framework car body height to the top of rail installed above all will lifting, cause it is a series of inadaptable, Need the position changed more.Therefore, multiple closing piece B22 are arranged in interval on locking bar B21, rise one by one, and cooperation is multiple Locked groove B14 is solved, the upward stroke of closing piece B22 is made to greatly shorten, axle box C1, or even the structure cloth of entire bogie will not be influenced Office.

In gauge changing, wheel F, bearing sealed ring and sliding part B1 integrally can be with bearing wheel one mounting base A2 It slides axially together, it, can be with fixing bearing wheel by locking member B2 lock slide B1 when reaching suitable gauge position The axial movement of integrated mounting base A2 and wheel F.Specifically, Figure 26 and Figure 29 is that locking member B2 and sliding part B2 is locked mutually State, at this point, closing piece B22 is located in locking slot B13, locating rod B23 is located in locating slot B15.Figure 27 and Figure 30 is unlock shape State, at this point, closing piece B22 is detached from from locking slot B13, and aligns with solution locked groove B14, locating rod B23 is detached from locating slot B15.Figure 28 It is releasing process with Figure 31, sliding part B1 and locking member B1 axially opposing can be slided at this time.Figure 32 is to slide into another lock relatively State at tight slot B13.Figure 33 is the state that locking member B2 and sliding part B2 is locked mutually again.

Axlebox assemblies C in axlebox assemblies, is done as shown in Figure 16-23 mainly for axle box C1 interior wall constructions and overall dimensions Go out to improve, and is the adaptive improvement for other parts.In addition, being also equipped in the bottoms axle box C1 for protecting unlock piece The skirtboard C3 of B3.

Specifically, the present embodiment uses the positioning method of pivoted arm axle box, axle box C1 to design, pass through using two-piece unit formula Bolt is fixedly connected, and box outer surface is designed with bolt mounting base.Figure 17 is inside upper box, and Figure 18 is the top of lower box, Figure 19 is the lower part of lower box.The problem of can preventing from causing internal locked groove and round hole that can not process because of monoblock cast in this way. Meanwhile split-type design can guarantee the correct installation of locking member B2, i.e., first locking member B2 is fitted into upper box arch notch, then It is closed installation lower box, locking member B11 is made to penetrate in lower box round hole, is stretched out from bottom logical with the chassis B31 of unlock piece B3 Cross screw assembly.The design of journal box front cover only guarantees on axle box after the modification accurately to install, therefore journal box front cover is set Meter need to cooperate with axle box.Pivoted arm axle box increases axle box radial dimension when designing, the design of axle box C1 internal diameters and sliding part B1 lateral walls B11 is consistent, is the upright plane of oval upper and lower surface and both sides, and fluted in upright plane processing, for coordinating It is packed into the convex block of sliding part B1.Since overall dimensions increase, original one, which is vertical damper holder, needs extension design, to prevent from hanging down It is interfered to damper cylinder with axle box.Because not interfering with swing arm type positioning node, so positioning node it is not necessary to modify.

Such as Figure 20 and 21, it is machined with oval-shaped groove and round hole on axle box C1 symmetrical centres face, is used for installation locking Part B2, and cooperate and lock with the locking slot B13 of sliding part B1 and locating slot B15.Arcuate recess depth 35mm, when by locking Locking member B2 half stretches into sliding part B1 locating slots, and half stretches into the 15mm of axle box arcuate recess, and upward stroke when unlock 20mm is formed.

Such as Figure 22 and 23, to prevent the impact of rugged environment factor and stone sundries during operation, under axle box The position of unlock piece B3 is installed in portion, is designed with skirtboard C3, is in square frame-shaped, and intermediate groove is used to stretch out the idler wheel of locking member, both sides Plane is used for the supporting surface of axle box carrying.To ensure enough intensity and supporting entire bogie weight, skirtboard inside casing, which has more, to be added Work has floor.

Slide assemblies B1+C1, such as Figure 24-25, including sliding part B1 and axle box C1；The lateral wall B11 and axis of sliding part B1 It is in axial sliding connection between case C1；And it is provided on lateral wall B11 for limiting relative rotation between lateral wall B11 and axle box C1 Limiting unit.

Sliding part B1 and axle box C1 is the ellipse to match.The both sides of sliding part B1 are provided with the convex block as limiting unit B16, the side wall that axle box C1 is contacted with convex block B16 are matched groove.Convex block B16 is provided with mutually perpendicular plane. The groove to match with locating slot B15 is provided on axle box C1, the upward stroke for accommodating locating rod B23.Axle box C1 and cunning It is clearance fit between moving part B1.Skirtboard C3 is additionally provided with below axle box C1.

Be in axial sliding connection between the lateral wall B11 and axle box C1 of cylindrical body, madial wall B12 and bearing mounting base A21 it Between pass through bearing C2 axial restraints connect.Bearing C2 uses sealed double-row taper roll bearing, is high-speed EMUs standard axle It holdsThere are intermediate ring, both ends that oil seal washer is housed among inner ring, is used for the sealing of grease.In sliding part B1 After being pressed into bearing mounting base A21 with bearing C2 interference, backstop is assisted by stop nut A25 on the outside, and sliding part B1 is another One end then limits its axial movement by bearing seal ring supplement.

Gauge changing component B1+B2+C1, as shown in Figure 36-40, including sliding part B1, locking member B2 and axle box C1；Sliding It is in axial sliding connection between the lateral wall B11 and axle box C1 of part B1；The closing piece B22 of locking member B2 is located in axle box C1, and with lock Tight slot B13 cooperates；Locking bar B21 is slidably connected with axle box C1, and lower part is extend out to except axle box C1；The chassis of unlock piece B3 The both ends B31 are connect with the lower end of locking bar B21 respectively.

The U-shaped that the locating rod B23 on the tops locking member B2 and locking bar B21 are formed is consistent with axle box C1 ellipse notches, when with When closing sliding part B1 lockings, locating rod B23 is stretched into locating slot B15, and top half coordinates with axle box C1 arch notches, two side chains Block B22 sticks into locking slot B13, to bear axial shearing by locking member B2, constraint pivoted arm axle box C1's and sliding part B1 Axial movement, and then ensure that corresponding gauge position is constant.

In gauge conversion process, axle box C1 keeps being relatively fixed in bogie system.And matched sliding part B1 and locking member B2 then relative motions, to reach the transformation purpose of gauge.Specifically, Figure 36 indicates locking state, at this point, lock Block B22 is located in locking slot B13, and locating rod B23 is located in locating slot B15.Figure 37 indicate releasing process, at this point, locking bar B21 by The promotion of unlock piece B3 and move upwards, closing piece B22 is detached from out of locking slot B13, and locating rod B23 is detached from out of locating slot B15. Figure 38 indicates gauge changing process, at this point, sliding part B1 schemes relative to the opposite slidings of axle box C1 up to another locking slot B13 State shown in 39.Figure 40 is to reach another gauge position, the state locked again.

Support unlock rail D3D4, as shown in Figure 41-43, including the top of supporting rail D3, supporting rail D3 are supporting table 31, branch Unlock rail D4 is additionally provided on support platform 31.The front end in stage casing 33 is supported to be located at the front of unlock leading portion 41.After supporting stage casing 33 End is located at the rear of unlock back segment 43.Gauge-changeable bogie, using axle box bearing mode, becomes rail process operation in gauge changing It is more stable, thus use axle box bearing mode.Using axle box bearing mode, corresponding supporting rail and unlock rail can global design, Groove is opened up among supporting rail, as unlock rail D4.Entirety is by support supporting table 31, cylindrical roller, cylindrical roller axis It holds, the compositions such as side shield 35 and intermediate solution lock crossbeam (unlock rail D4) outside axle box.Its generally one rectangular-shaped boss, setting are in-orbit Axle box C1 lower positions on the outside of road, to simplify the ground gauge conversion equipment of lengthy and tedious complexity.

Supporting rail D3 is set to the lower section of axle box C1.It is arranged on the top surface of supporting table 31 or on the medial surface of baffle 35 There is idler wheel 36.It is contacted with axle box using rolling friction, is in roller conveyor shape.Idler wheel 36 stretches out short axle using cylindrical roller both ends Cylinder roller bearing, code name 32206E, size d × D × 30 × Φ of B=Φ 62 × 16 are installed.Cylinder roller bearing outer ring is fixed Do not turn, inner ring rotation drives idler wheel rotation.It is higher by boss seat 5mm in cylindrical roller upper surface, it is ensured that only justify when carrying Column roller is contacted with axle box C1 bottom surfaces, so that entire bogie is advanced by the rolling of cylindrical roller.

Supporting table 31 includes sequentially connected support leading portion 32, support stage casing 33 and support back segment 34, and support leading portion 32 is Raised floor, support stage casing 33 are flat face, and support back segment 34 is decline face.The effect of supporting rail D3 be make train bogie into When entering ground gauge conversion equipment, bearing mode is converted first, is transformed on axle box C1 by the weight for carrying wheel, i.e. axis Case bearing mode vacantly unloads wheel F.Therefore in the design of supporting rail D3, to ensure that axle box C1 can smoothly slide onto support Platform 31, at its both ends, initial position is processed into skewed, can make bogie when into the F that enters the orbit away from conversion equipment, supporting rail D3 can By ground lifting axlebox assemblies C.

Unlock rail D4 includes sequentially connected unlock leading portion 41, unlock stage casing 42 and unlock back segment 43, and unlock leading portion 41 is Raised floor, unlock stage casing 42 are flat face, and unlock back segment 43 is decline face.The top surface for unlocking rail D4 is less than the top of supporting table 31 Face forms a groove structure.There is rectangular-shaped groove in supporting rail D3 medium designs, makees unlock rail D4 and use, groove is divided into three sections： Acclivity section, horizontal segment, decline slop section are respectively used to realize unlock, keep unlocked state, the function of locking.Groove The both ends open of structure.Inclined-plane in the arc-shaped is then designed at the both ends of solution locked groove D4, can be fallen into slot in cleaning solution locked groove or sundries Afterwards, facilitate the cleaning of sewage and dirt.The unlock inclined-plane of unlock rail D4 can make retaining mechanism vertical ascent 40mm strokes, ensure Sliding part B1 is detached with locking member B2.

The outside of supporting table 31 is provided with baffle 35, and the top surface of baffle 35 is higher than the top surface of supporting table 31.Baffle 35 with Axle box C1 lateral surfaces contact, and axle box C1, the left side occurred when wheel can be prevented to be lifted forward movement is clamped by two side shields 35 Right swing and serpentine locomotion, play guiding centering.

Gauge conversion equipment D, as shown in Figure 44-47, including the supporting rail D3 that is fixed on sleeper D1, unlock and are led rail D4 To rail D5, supporting rail D3 includes support preparation rail D31 and support continues rail D32, unlock rail D4 include unlock preparation rail D41 and Unlock continues rail D42；Support preparation rail D31 forms supporting section a；Support continues rail D32 and unlock preparation rail D41 forms unlock Section b；Support continues rail D32, unlock continues rail D42 and guided way D5 forms guide section c.It is arranged between supporting section a and unlock section b There are support breeze way a ', support breeze way a ' by supporting lasting rail D32 to form.It is provided with unlock between unlock section b and guide section c Breeze way b ', unlock breeze way b ' are formed by supporting lasting rail D32 reconciliation lockings to continue rail D42.

Track D2, which is connected by track flat segments D21 with track descending branch D22, to be formed, and track descending branch D22 is located at support Within section a.Due to newly making after wheel and used car wheel exist due to abrasion, the problem of axle box C1 is moved down caused by height declines, While supporting rail D3 initiating terminals are designed to skewed, track D2 is also designed when entering gauge conversion equipment and is tilted towards a little Lower shape, to assist axle box carrying to make wheel hanging.

By taking 1435mm gauges area is converted to 1520mm gauges area as an example.Wheel guided way D5 is in clamping shape, according to EMU The requirement of rim for automobile wheel width, axial distances are 135mm among two gangs of guided way D5 at track D2.Guided way D5 arrangements are in-orbit Away from transformation section, since bogie is carried by axle box C1, therefore it is not provided with track D2 among it, only in guided way starting and ending mistake Degree section is connected with 1435mm gauges track and 1520mm gauge tracks.To ensure that wheel being capable of normotopia when that will enter guided way Centering at guided way both ends further include clamping rail D6, clamping rail D6 includes gripping section D61, one end of gripping section D61 with lead To rail D5 connections, the other end extends to track flat segments D21.Clamping rail D6 further includes oared segrne pii D62, oared segrne pii D62 with The end of gripping section D61 connects.

Gauge-changeable bogie A+B+C, as shown in Figure 48-53, including axle assembly A, sliding key component B and axlebox assemblies C；The prismatic pair joint portion A23 of axle assembly A and prismatic pair interconnecting piece A11 forms axial movement pair, and wheel F pacifies mounted on wheel It fills on seat A22；It is in axial sliding connection between the lateral wall B11 and axle box C1 of the sliding part B1 of sliding key component B, madial wall It is connected by bearing C2 axial restraints between B12 and bearing mounting base A21.Slide the closing piece of the locking member B2 of key component B B22 is located in axle box C1, is connected to the top of locking bar B21, and cooperate with the locking slot B13 of sliding part B1；Locking bar B21 with Axle box C1 is slidably connected, and lower part is extend out to except axle box C1；It is separately connected with the both ends of the chassis B31 of unlock piece B3；Chassis The bottom of B31 is provided with idler wheel B35.The skirtboard C3 of axlebox assemblies C is set to the lower section of axle box C1；The lower part of skirtboard C3 is provided with Through-hole, idler wheel B35 via through holes are extend out to except skirtboard C3.

This gauge-changeable bogie is moved together using wheel F and bearing C2 with bearing wheel one mounting base A2, then is passed through The mode for locking sliding part B1, reaches the axial restraint of wheel F, meets the requirement of the gauge changing of different gauges.Based on CRH2 Type bogie can be applicable in after small range is changed；It can be extended to the bogie of other models.

Bearing mounting base and wheel mounting base are wholely set by this programme, and wheel and bearing difference interference are pacified mounted on wheel It fills on seat and bearing mounting base.Meanwhile bearing mounting base and wheel mounting base are arranged on prismatic pair joint portion, and by the bearing Wheel one mounting base is installed on the prismatic pair interconnecting piece of axle, can be by controlling the axis in the bearing wheel one mounting base The position in axlebox assemblies is held, the axial of wheel is moved when being controlled the movement of wheel, and then not only realizing gauge changing Dynamic problem.Axle assembly is provided with axially slidable prismatic pair interconnecting piece and prismatic pair joint portion, only right when making gauge changing Wheel, bearing wheel one mounting base, bearing are moved.Install sliding part, the outside of sliding part additional between bearing and axle box It is clearance fit relationship between wall and axle box, the two axially opposing can be slided；Further, since the effect of limiting unit, makes lateral wall Relative rotation is unable between axle box.The madial wall of sliding part is interference fitted with bearing outer ring, bearing inner race and bearing wheel one The bearing mounting base position of body mounting base is interference fitted.It is axially opposing between bearing wheel one mounting base and sliding part to make It is fixed, and can circumferentially relatively rotate；It is axial between sliding part and axle box to relatively move, and circumferentially opposed fixation.Axle body It is remained unchanged with the position of the devices such as axle box, single stage suspension, improves relative stability and the safety of gauge changing process.This Outside, axial prismatic pair can be slided back and forth to reach the position of different gauges, can according to the demand of specific gauge changing specification, if Conversion between the transformation being calculated as between two kinds of gauges and three kinds and three kinds or more gauge, therefore, the application of the axle assembly Range is very extensive.Being finally reached bearing wheel one mounting base, wheel, bearing can move axially relative to axle box, simultaneously The purpose of relative rotation does not occur between bearing and axle box in circumferential direction.

When locking slot can realize that wheel is moved to different gauge positions, locked by locking slot and closing piece.Closing piece is solid It is scheduled on locking bar, when locking bar rises, drives closing piece to rise together, to make closing piece be taken off from the locking slot of sliding part both sides From into solution locked groove.Conversely, when locking bar declines, closing piece is driven to decline together, to make solution locked groove of the closing piece from sliding part both sides Middle disengaging, into locking slot.Above procedure is the conversion realized from locking state to unlocked state.In the both sides of outer side wall position Set, according to gauge specification, can specific requirements may be provided with the locking slots of a variety of gauge positions.The direction of locking slot is preferably perpendicular to It is axial, preferable locking effect can be reached.Mating corresponding locking member and unlock piece are preferably in vertical direction.And flute profile Locking mode is simple in structure, dependable performance.

The locking groove location of both sides is provided with axially unlocked slot, when the locking bar of locking member is lifted certain altitude upwards, lock Block enters solution locked groove region, and sliding part can move axially, and when being moved to another locking slot, closing piece declines, from Xie Suocaoqu Domain enters another locking slot to complete to lock.Staggeredly enter the mode of axially unlocked slot when closing piece rises, it is enough in vertical space The case where, multiple, rectangular dentation can be set, and solution locked groove can be also arranged multiple accordingly, be combined with each other or divide with rectangular toothed From.Multiple closing pieces staggeredly enter solution locked groove region, intersect the mode of locking, unlock, can reduce unlock upward stroke.While in order to Guarantee has enough locking contact surfaces, and excessive amounts of closing piece should not also be arranged.

Sliding part lateral wall top setting with both sides locking slot in conplane locating slot, if in a variety of gauge changings In the case of, multiple rows of locating slot can be set.Locating slot plays auxiliary locking centering；Limitation locking member is also acted to continue to lock Continue the effect moved downward after tight sliding part, prevents closing piece from being skidded off from locking slot lower end.Meanwhile axle box is provided with for locating rod The space that stroke rises.

Locking member unlock stroke crosses conference and occupies axle box space, keeps axle box volume excessive, influences the peace of each equipment of bogie Dress and cooperation.Sliding part gabarit is ellipse, and long axis is horizontal, and compared to circle, mobile smaller distance can unlock, and can subtract Small unlock stroke, and then vertical height is reduced, so that bogie primary-suspension is increased height with framework and be maintained at smaller range, makes row Vehicle adapts to existing platform height.Meanwhile because oval two bulges point are unnecessary, therefore a part of material is cut away, reaches light The design requirement of quantization.

The top of chassis connects locking bar, and V-Bottom frame can be lifted by intermediate minimum point stress, makes the left and right same cloth of two check lock levers Rise, synchronizing unlocking avoids the occurrence of the above problem completely.The idler wheel of V-Bottom frame lower end realizes the sliding on unlock rail inclined-plane Friction becomes the effect of rolling friction.It is rolled on one side on unlock rail inclined-plane by idler wheel, is lifted V-Bottom frame upwards on one side, it is real Existing effect is even more ideal.

Unlock piece is arranged below axle box, and due to not blocking protection, track both sides are easy impact unlock piece, make at any time At damage, which can be with effective protection unlock piece.

Gauge changing method A+B+C+D, includes the following steps：Step I support bogies make wheel unload；Step II solutions Lock sliding part keeps wheel free；Step III sliding wheels make it become rail.

Support bogie by the way of axle box support in step I.Axle box is realized by the supporting rail on railway roadbed Support, supporting rail be arranged below axle box.

The free mode of wheel is that bearing mounting base is wholely set to form bearing wheel one with wheel mounting base in step II Body mounting base, and bearing wheel one mounting base and axle split settings, the two axially opposing can be slided.Wheel exists in step II Locking state is in before unlock, the mode of locking is sliding part to be arranged between axle box and bearing, and in sliding part and axle box Between locking member is set, pass through locking member realize locking.The mode that wheel unlocks in step II is that unlock is arranged below axle box Part, unlock piece are connect with locking member, and locking member is driven to realize unlock by unlock piece.Pass through the unlock rail on railway roadbed Realize that unlock, unlock rail are arranged below unlock piece.

Wheel is slided in step III by the way of guided way sliding.Wheel is realized by the guided way on railway roadbed Sliding, the both ends of guided way are connect with track respectively.

By taking wheel gauge becomes the conversion process of 1520mm broad gauges position from 1435mm standard gauges position as an example, illustrate that the gauge changing turns To the gauge changing process and its operation principle of frame：

(1) after wheel reaches ground gauge conversion equipment, supporting rail is contacted with the skirtboard below pivoted arm axle box, is lifted Bogie makes wheel unload.

(2) unlock rail inclined-plane at supporting rail intermediate groove rises, pushing rolling wheels overcome the resistance of resetting spring vertically to Upper movement, and then push U-shaped locking member to move upwards and be detached from sliding part locating slot, to free sliding part and bearing wheel one Mounting base, so far, wheel are unlocked.

(3) then, under the action of the wheel guided way of ground, wheel moves outward, and drives the axis with wheel one Hold wheel one mounting base, sliding part slides together.So far, disc brake is also unlocked.Wheel drives bearing wheel one Body mounting base, sliding part, disc brake slide axially together.Wheel gauge becomes broad gauge position from standard gauge position (1435mm) (1520mm)。

(4) after reaching required gauge, the unlock rail inclined-plane at supporting rail intermediate groove declines, and retaining mechanism is resetting Under the action of spring, vertical downward movement.U-shaped locking member slowly enters sliding part locating slot by axle box oval-shaped groove at this time, Both sides closing piece also stretches into locking slot, to lock sliding part, limits the axial movement of bearing wheel one mounting base and wheel, most Reach broad gauge position eventually.

When Wheel centre distance narrows from the width, entire conversion process with it is above-mentioned essentially identical, only need in the opposite direction be moved according to wheel It is dynamic.Meanwhile can the disc brake of auto lock also move in the opposite direction.

Embodiment 2

A kind of axle applied to gauge-changeable bogie, compared to embodiment 1, the prismatic pair interconnecting piece A11 of the present embodiment For prism, and the incline of the prism is identical as the axial direction of axle A1 main bodys.

The above is only the preferred embodiment of the utility model only, is not intended to limit the utility model, all at this All any modification, equivalent and improvement etc., should be included in the utility model made by within the spirit and principle of utility model Protection domain within.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of axle applied to gauge-changeable bogie, it is characterised in that：Wheel seat to the end position of the axle (A1) is Prismatic pair interconnecting piece (A11), the freedom degree direction of the prismatic pair are identical as the axial direction of the axle (A1) main body.

2. the axle according to claim 1 applied to gauge-changeable bogie, it is characterised in that：The prismatic pair interconnecting piece (A11) it is prism, and the incline of the prism is identical as the axial direction of the axle (A1) main body.

3. the axle according to claim 1 applied to gauge-changeable bogie, it is characterised in that：The prismatic pair interconnecting piece (A11) it is cylinder, and the busbar of the cylinder is identical as the axial direction of the axle (A1) main body.

4. the axle according to claim 3 applied to gauge-changeable bogie, it is characterised in that：The prismatic pair interconnecting piece (A11) axial splines are provided on the outside of.

5. the axle according to claim 1,2 or 3 applied to gauge-changeable bogie, it is characterised in that：The prismatic pair The axis of interconnecting piece (A11) is overlapped with the axis of the axle (A1) main body.

6. the axle according to claim 1,2 or 3 applied to gauge-changeable bogie, it is characterised in that：The prismatic pair The medial end of interconnecting piece (A11) is provided with convex shoulder (A12).

7. the axle according to claim 1,2 or 3 applied to gauge-changeable bogie, it is characterised in that：The axle (A1) it is hollow shaft.

8. the axle according to claim 7 applied to gauge-changeable bogie, it is characterised in that：The hollow shaft opening It is provided at both ends with end cap (A13).

9. the axle according to claim 1,2 or 3 applied to gauge-changeable bogie, it is characterised in that：The axle (A1) gear-box mounting base (A14) is provided on.