CN107648017B

CN107648017B - Exoskeleton driving device, power-assisted exoskeleton system and driving and power-assisted methods thereof

Info

Publication number: CN107648017B
Application number: CN201711100510.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 尹刚刚; 王吴东
Original assignee: Shanghai Siyi Intelligent Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Shanghai Siyi Intelligent Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2017-11-09
Filing date: 2017-11-09
Publication date: 2021-02-23
Anticipated expiration: 2037-11-09
Also published as: CN110524526B; CN107648017A; CN110524527A; CN110524526A; CN110524527B

Abstract

The invention provides an exoskeleton driving device and a driving method, wherein the driving device comprises a fixing part, a driving part, an outer pipe, an inner wire and a driving component, the driving component pulls the inner wire to assist a user to assist the movement of an assistance joint, the fixing part is worn at the fixed end of the assistance joint, the driving part is worn at the free end of the assistance joint, the outer pipe is connected with the fixing part, the inner wire is provided with an extending part extending from one end of the outer pipe, and the extending part of the inner wire is connected with the driving part. The exoskeleton driving device provided by the invention comprises driving elements generating forces in two directions so as to be selectively applied to a user assistance part, and when the driving element in one force direction contracts, the driving element in the other force direction can be more quickly returned to a relaxation state. In addition, the invention also provides a power-assisted exoskeleton system comprising the exoskeleton driving device and a method for assisting movement of the power-assisted exoskeleton system.

Description

Exoskeleton driving device, power-assisted exoskeleton system and driving and power-assisted methods thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to an exoskeleton driving device, a power-assisted exoskeleton system and a driving and auxiliary motion method thereof.

Background

The existing exoskeleton device adopts two driving modes, namely hydraulic driving and motor driving. The exoskeleton device adopting the two driving modes has larger volume and mass, needs a hard and heavy structure to support the weight of a human body and other additional loads, has poor man-machine matching degree, and cannot be flexibly applied to various scenes of life when being matched with people. In order to improve the man-machine matching degree of the exoskeleton device, exoskeleton devices based on flexible driving elements have also been developed, for example, patent publication No. CN105030487B entitled "bionic flexible wearable lower limb exoskeleton suit driven by pneumatic artificial muscles" discloses that pneumatic artificial muscles are used as driving elements at each power-assisted joint, and the pneumatic artificial muscles are inflated to increase the internal air pressure so as to shorten the pneumatic artificial muscles, and simulate muscle contraction to generate power assistance at corresponding parts of the lower limbs of a human body, but cannot selectively apply driving force to joint parts of a user as required, and walking is not flexible after wearing.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an exoskeleton driving device, a power-assisted exoskeleton system and a driving and auxiliary motion method thereof, which solve the technical problem that the driving force cannot be selectively applied to the joint part of a user according to the requirement at present.

The exoskeleton driving device comprises an outer tube, an inner wire and a driving assembly, wherein the driving assembly is worn on the body of a user and pulls the inner wire to assist the user in assisting the movement of a power-assisted joint;

the exoskeleton driving device further comprises a fixing part and a driving part, the fixing part is worn on the fixed end of the power-assisted joint, the driving part is worn on the free end of the power-assisted joint, the outer tube is connected with the fixing part, the inner wire is provided with an extending part extending out of one end of the outer tube, and the extending part of the inner wire is connected with the driving part;

the driving assembly comprises a lever and at least two driving elements, the lever comprises a first end, a second end and a fixed point, the fixed point is arranged between the first end and the second end, the fixed point is relatively fixed with a wearing part of the driving assembly, the inner wire is connected with the part of the lever except the fixed point, the included angle between the driving force direction generated by at least one driving element and the displacement direction of the first end of the lever is more than or equal to 0 degree and less than 90 degrees, the included angle between the driving force direction generated by at least one driving element and the displacement direction of the first end of the lever is less than or equal to 180 degrees and more than 90 degrees, the displacement directions of the first end and the second end are opposite, and the driving assembly pulls the included angle between the displacement direction of the inner wire and the displacement direction of the first end or the second end of the lever is more.

The present invention also provides an exoskeleton driving method of the exoskeleton driving device, comprising the steps of:

step 1, wearing the driving component on the body of a user;

step 2, the driving elements generate driving force to pull the lever to move, an included angle between the direction of the driving force generated by at least one driving element and the displacement direction of the first end of the lever is more than or equal to 0 degree and less than 90 degrees, an included angle between the direction of the driving force generated by at least one driving element and the displacement direction of the first end of the lever is less than or equal to 180 degrees and more than 90 degrees, and the displacement directions of the first end and the second end are opposite;

and 3, the lever pulls the inner wire to move in a direction with an included angle of more than or equal to 0 degree and less than 90 degrees with the displacement direction of the first end or the second end of the lever, so that the inner wire is axially and relatively displaced relative to the outer tube, the fixed part and the driving part are mutually close, and the power-assisted joint movement of a user is assisted.

The invention also provides a power-assisted exoskeleton system, which comprises a real-time control module, the exoskeleton driving device, a detection device, a wearing device and an energy output device;

the real-time control module, the detection device, the energy output device and the exoskeleton driving device are respectively and fixedly connected with the wearing device, and the wearing device is worn on the body of a user;

the detection device detects the instantaneous motion parameter signal of the user and inputs the instantaneous motion parameter signal of the user into the real-time control module;

the real-time control module is connected with the energy output device, the energy output device outputs driving energy, and the real-time control module controls the energy output device to output and stop outputting the driving energy according to the input user instantaneous motion parameter signal;

an energy transmission passage is connected between the energy output device and the exoskeleton driving device, the driving energy is transmitted to the exoskeleton driving device through the energy transmission passage, and the driving energy acts on the exoskeleton driving device to enable the fixing part and the driving part to be close to each other, so that the power-assisted joint bends or extends forwards.

The invention also provides a method for assisting the movement of the power-assisted exoskeleton system, which comprises the following steps:

step 1, wearing the wearable device on a user body;

step 2, the detection device detects the instantaneous motion parameter signal of the user and inputs the instantaneous motion parameter signal of the user into the real-time control module;

step 3, the real-time control module controls the energy output device to output and stop outputting the driving energy according to the input user instantaneous motion parameter signal;

step 4, the energy output device outputs driving energy to the exoskeleton driving device through an energy transmission channel between the energy output device and the exoskeleton driving device;

step 5, the driving energy acts on the driving assembly, the driving elements generate driving force to pull the lever to move, an included angle between the direction of the driving force generated by at least one driving element and the displacement direction of the first end of the lever is more than or equal to 0 degree and less than 90 degrees, an included angle between the direction of the driving force generated by at least one driving element and the displacement direction of the first end of the lever is less than or equal to 180 degrees and more than 90 degrees, and the displacement directions of the first end and the second end are opposite;

and 6, the lever pulls the inner wire to move in a direction with an included angle of more than or equal to 0 degree and less than 90 degrees with the displacement direction of the first end or the second end of the lever, so that the inner wire is axially and relatively displaced relative to the outer tube, the fixed part and the driving part are mutually close, and the power-assisted joint movement of a user is assisted.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the included angle between the driving force direction generated by at least one driving element and the displacement direction of the first end of the lever is more than or equal to 0 degree and less than 90 degrees, the included angle between the driving force direction generated by at least one driving element and the displacement direction of the first end of the lever is less than or equal to 180 degrees and more than 90 degrees, the displacement directions of the first end and the second end of the lever are opposite, and the driving assembly pulls the displacement direction of the inner wire and the displacement direction of the first end or the second end of the lever to be more than or equal to 0 degree and less than 90 degrees, so that the exoskeleton driving device comprises driving elements generating two forces with different or opposite directions, and when the driving element generating one force direction contracts, the driving element generating the other force direction can be restored to an extended state, so that the contraction and the extension of each driving element; in addition, the exoskeleton driving device can comprise more levers and driving elements, so that the exoskeleton driving device can generate a plurality of driving forces with the same or different directions, and can be selectively applied to a user assistance part according to the needs of a user.

Further, the driving element comprises a pneumatic tendon having an air inlet and an air valve, and the driving assembly further comprises an energy transmission member, wherein the air inlet is connected with the energy transmission member; the pneumatic tendon expands and contracts when gas enters the pneumatic tendon through the energy transmission member; when gas exits the pneumatic tendon through the gas valve, the pneumatic tendon contracts and elongates. Compared with traditional motor and hydraulic driving elements, the pneumatic tendon has light weight and small volume.

Further, the driving element comprises a shape memory component, the driving assembly further comprises an energy transmission component, and when the energy transmission component transmits energy to the shape memory component, the temperature of the shape memory component is increased and shortened; when the energy transmission member stops transmitting energy to the shape memory member, the temperature of the shape memory member is lowered and the shape memory member is in a free state. Compared with the traditional driving elements such as a motor and hydraulic pressure, the shape memory component has light weight and small volume.

Further, the driving element comprises a magnetostrictive structure, and the driving assembly further comprises an energy transmission component, wherein the energy transmission component transmits energy to the magnetostrictive structure initially so as to maintain a certain magnetic field intensity around the magnetostrictive structure; increasing the magnetic field strength, the magnetostrictive structure elongating; reducing the magnetic field strength, the magnetostrictive structure shortens. Compared with traditional motor and hydraulic driving elements, the magnetostrictive structure is light in weight and small in size.

Further, the driving element comprises a corrugated pipe, the corrugated pipe is provided with an air inlet and an air valve, the driving assembly further comprises an energy transmission part, and the air inlet is connected with the energy transmission part; the bellows expands and elongates as gas enters the bellows through the energy transmission member; when gas exits the bellows through the gas valve, the bellows contracts and shortens. Compared with the traditional driving elements such as a motor and hydraulic pressure, the corrugated pipe is light in weight and small in size.

Further, the shape memory component is of a spring structure, and the strain rate of the driving element is further improved.

Further, the material of the magnetostrictive structure is metal alloy, ferrite or rare earth compound. Under the action of an external magnetic field, the magnetostrictive structure made of the material is elongated or shortened in size, and after the magnetic field is removed, the magnetostrictive structure is restored to the original size.

Further, the drive assembly has a housing. The protection drive assembly does not receive external disturbance, makes the user dress more convenient safe comfortable, does not influence user's normal home range.

Further, the drive assembly includes the rope, the both ends of rope respectively with at least one the drive element is connected, the both ends of rope not with same the drive element is connected, the lever contains the recess, the recess sets up in position except that the lever fixed point, the rope inlays to be located in the recess, the rope with frictional force has between the recess so that the drive element pulls the rope drives the first end of lever or second end for the lever fixed point takes place the displacement, with at the lever both ends provide the drive power of two opposite or not equidirectional.

Furthermore, the driving assembly comprises a rope, two ends of the lever are respectively connected with at least one driving element through the rope, two ends of the lever are not connected with the same driving element, the rope is fixedly connected with the lever, and the driving element pulls the rope to drive the first end or the second end of the lever to displace relative to the fixed point of the lever, so that two driving forces in opposite directions are provided at two ends of the lever.

Further, the lever is provided with a fixing groove, the rope is provided with a fixing block matched with the fixing groove, and the rope is inserted into the fixing groove through the fixing block so as to be fixedly connected to the lever. Preventing the cord from slipping off the lever.

Further, the lever is provided with a fixing groove, the inner wire is provided with a fixing block matched with the fixing groove, and the inner wire is inserted into the fixing groove through the fixing block so as to be fixedly connected to the lever. Preventing the inner wire from slipping off the lever.

Furthermore, the force arm of the force of the lever pulled by the rope is different from the force arm of the force of the inner wire pulled by the lever. The displacement generated by the driving component for pulling the inner wire is not limited to the displacement generated by the driving element for pulling the lever, and the assisting force provided by the inner wire for pulling the driving part for the assisting joint can be further adjusted according to actual needs.

Furthermore, the lever is connected with at least two inner wires, and the force arms of the force for pulling each inner wire by the lever are different in size. The driving component can pull each inner wire to generate displacement with different sizes.

Further, the exoskeleton driving device comprises a sensor, the sensor detects an energy state in the exoskeleton driving device as a feedback signal, and the real-time control module controls the energy output device to output and stop outputting the driving energy according to the input feedback signal. The real-time control module combines feedback signals of the detection device and the sensor of the exoskeleton driving device, and can control the output of the driving energy more accurately.

Further, the real-time control module comprises a servo valve disposed on the energy transmission path, the servo valve controlling the amount of the driving energy input to the exoskeleton driving device. The real-time control module can control the output of the driving energy more accurately.

Furthermore, the energy output device is an electric energy output device which is provided with a solar panel, the driving energy is supplemented by the energy generated by the solar panel after receiving light, and the energy supplement is convenient.

Further, the energy output device comprises a high-pressure gas storage cylinder. Compared with the traditional high-pressure air pump with a battery, the high-pressure air storage bottle is light in weight and convenient to replace.

Furthermore, the air pressure in the high-pressure air bottle is 10-100Mpa, so that the use safety is ensured, and meanwhile, the output air pressure is ensured to be enough to drive the exoskeleton driving device.

Drawings

In order to illustrate the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious to those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained from the drawings without inventive effort.

FIG. 1 is a perspective schematic view of a power-assisted exoskeleton system;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the wearable device and the case;

FIG. 3 is an exploded view of the tank;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the exoskeleton driving device equipped with pneumatic tendons;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of an exoskeleton actuation device equipped with memory alloy springs;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of an exoskeleton actuation device equipped with a magnetostrictive structure;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a magnetostrictive structure;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of an exoskeleton actuation device equipped with bellows;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a double internal line fixed pulley;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a single internal wire fixed pulley;

11a, 11b and 11c are schematic views of a plurality of fixed pulleys with different diameters;

figure 12 is a schematic view of the exoskeleton driving device and the lumbar mount;

FIG. 13 is a schematic view of the thigh fixing portion and the drive portion;

FIG. 14 is a schematic view of a lower leg fixing portion and a driving portion;

FIG. 15 is a schematic view of a shoe portion securing portion and a driving portion;

figure 16 is a schematic view of the motor and fixed pulley of the exoskeleton driving device;

FIG. 17 is a schematic view of the structure of the guide wheel;

FIG. 18 is a schematic view of a high pressure gas cylinder and a gas cylinder stand;

FIG. 19 is a control flow diagram of the assisted exoskeleton system;

FIG. 20 is a control flow diagram of the pneumatically assisted exoskeleton system;

FIG. 21 is a view showing the angle change of the hip joint, the knee joint and the ankle joint when the user walks.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The connection modes of the invention comprise fixed connection, connection through flexible or semi-flexible pipes or wires, contact connection by friction force, plug-in connection, wireless connection or other connection modes in the prior art, wherein the fixed connection modes comprise hinging, winding connection, bolts, pin connection, magic tape, elastic buckles or other fixed connection modes in the prior art.

The body of the user comprises a power-assisted joint, a fixed end of the power-assisted joint and a free end of the power-assisted joint, wherein the power-assisted joint is a joint which is bent or extended forwards by at least partially using external energy on the body of the user, when the power-assisted joint is bent or extended forwards, the fixed end of the power-assisted joint is fixed relative to the power-assisted joint, and the free end of the power-assisted joint moves relative to the power-assisted joint.

The invention provides a power-assisted exoskeleton system which comprises an energy output device, a real-time control module, an exoskeleton driving device, a detection device and a wearing device. The real-time control module, the detection device, the energy output device and the exoskeleton driving device are worn on the body of a user through the wearing device. The detection device detects the instantaneous motion parameter signal of the user and inputs the instantaneous motion parameter signal of the user into the real-time control module. The real-time control module is connected with the energy output device, the energy output device outputs driving energy, and the real-time control module controls the energy output device to output and stop outputting the driving energy according to the input user instantaneous motion parameter signal. The exoskeleton driving device comprises an outer tube, an inner wire and a driving assembly, wherein the driving assembly is worn on the body of a user through the wearing device and pulls the inner wire to assist the user in assisting the movement of the joint, the driving assembly comprises at least one driving element, the outer tube is sleeved outside the inner wire, the inner wire can generate axial relative displacement relative to the outer tube, the outer tube and the inner wire are connected with the driving assembly, and in some embodiments, the outer tube and the inner wire form a Bowden wire. The exoskeleton driving device further comprises a fixing portion and a driving portion, the fixing portion is worn on the assisting joint fixing end through the wearing device, the driving portion is worn on the assisting joint free end through the wearing device, the outer tube is connected with the fixing portion, the inner wire is provided with an extending portion extending out of one end of the outer tube, and the extending portion of the inner wire is connected with the driving portion. An energy transmission part is connected between the energy output device and the exoskeleton driving device, the driving energy is transmitted to the exoskeleton driving device through the energy transmission part, and the driving energy acts on the exoskeleton driving device to enable the fixing part and the driving part to be close to each other, so that the power-assisted joint bends or extends forwards. The energy transmission component is different according to the energy transmitted, and can be an air pipe or an electric wire.

The assisted exoskeleton system can be used to assist in movement of a user's lower limbs, for example, to assist in flexion or extension of at least one of the user's hip, knee and ankle joints. When helping hand ectoskeleton system is low limbs helping hand ectoskeleton system, detection device is gait detection device, real-time control module reaches energy output device passes through dress the device and dress on user's truck, gait detection device passes through dress the device is dressed on user's thigh, shank or shoes.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the real-time control module, the energy output device and the exoskeleton driving device are respectively and fixedly connected to the wearable device and worn at a plurality of positions on the body of the user; as shown in fig. 1, the energy output device 1 and the real-time control module 2 are worn on the back of the user, and the exoskeleton driving device 3 is worn on the waist of the user.

The wearing device can be a bandage, a shoe or clothes, and the material of the wearing device is selected from one or more of terylene, spandex, cotton and nylon. As shown in fig. 1, in some embodiments, the wearing device 5 is a back strap, the real-time control module 2 is fixed at the center of the rear side of the back strap, the energy output device 1 is fixed at the upper end of the real-time control module 2, and the wearer wears the back strap to carry the energy output device 1 and the real-time control module 2 on the back of the wearer; in some embodiments, the wearing device 5 is a waist strap, the wearer wears the waist strap around his or her waist, and the exoskeleton driving device 3 is fixed to the rear side of the waist strap.

In other embodiments of the present invention, the exoskeleton power system includes a box, the box is provided with an exoskeleton driving device and a real-time control module, the box is fixedly connected to the energy output device and the wearable device, the wearable device is worn on the body of the user, and preferably the box is worn at a position other than the bending position of the assistive joint of the user, such as the back or the waist, so that the above-mentioned device does not interfere with the movement of the assistive joint, and the influence on the range of the user is avoided; compared with the case body which is respectively worn, the case body is more convenient to wear.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the box body includes an outer surface and a main frame, the main frame is fixedly connected to an inner wall of the outer surface, the exoskeleton driving device and the real-time control module are respectively and fixedly connected to the main frame, the energy output device is connected to the outer surface, and the energy transmission member penetrates through the outer surface to connect the energy output device and the real-time control module.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the driving element is a motor, the driving assembly further includes a lever, the lever is connected with an inner wire, the outer surface has a hole, a central shaft of the motor extends outwards from the motor through the hole of the outer surface to be connected with the central shaft of the lever, and the motor drives the lever to rotate. The motor is the cylinder structure, the main frame upper surface has the upper groove, the motor is fixed in the main frame upper groove, box surface upper end inner wall is the semi-cylindrical, surface upper end inner wall with recess inner wall shape with the motor shape suits. The lower surface of the main framework is provided with a lower groove, the real-time control module is fixed on the lower groove of the main framework, and the shapes of the inner wall of the bottom shell and the inner wall of the lower groove are matched with the shape of the real-time control module. The lower end of the outer surface is provided with a hole, and the energy transmission component penetrates through the hole at the lower end of the outer surface to be connected with the energy output device and the real-time control module; the upper surface of the energy output device is attached to the outer wall of the lower end of the outer surface.

In some embodiments of the invention, as shown in figures 2 and 3, the wearable device 5 is worn about the waist of the user. The outer surface of the box 6 includes an upper end plate 62, a bottom case 63, a first side plate 64 and a second side plate 65. The box 6 further comprises a main frame 61, the main frame 61 is disposed in a space defined by the upper end plate 62, the bottom case 63, the first side plate 64 and the second side plate 65, the driving assembly of the exoskeleton driving device 3 comprises a driving element 31 and a lever 32, the driving element 31 is a motor, the lever 32 is a fixed pulley, the lever 32 is connected with an internal wire, the second side plate 65 has a hole 651, a central axis 311 of the driving element 31 extends outwards from the driving element 31 through the hole 651 of the second side plate 65 to be connected with the central axis of the lever 32, and the driving element 31 drives the lever 32 to rotate. The driving element 31 is a cylindrical structure, an upper groove is formed in the upper surface of the main framework 61, the inner wall of the upper end plate 62 is semi-cylindrical, the lower edge of the upper end plate 62 is connected with the main framework 61, the side edge of the upper end plate 62 is connected with the first side plate 64 and the second side plate 65, the space enclosed by the upper end plate 62, the upper surface of the main framework 61, the first side plate 64 and the second side plate 65 is used for containing the driving element 31, and the shapes of the inner walls of the upper end plate 62 and the upper groove of the main framework 61 are matched with the shape of the driving. The lower surface of the main framework 61 is provided with a lower groove, the bottom shell 63 is provided with a bottom surface, a front side surface and a rear side surface, the upper edges of the front side surface and the rear side surface are respectively connected with the main framework 61, the side edges of the front side surface and the rear side surface are connected with the first side plate 64 and the second side plate 65, a space enclosed by the lower surface of the main framework 61, the bottom shell 63, the first side plate 64 and the second side plate 65 accommodates the real-time control module 2, and the shapes of the inner wall of the lower groove of the bottom shell 63 and the inner wall of the lower groove of. The first side plate 64 and the second side plate 65 are connected to side edges of the main frame 61, respectively. The bottom case 63 has a hole, and the energy transmission member 11 passes through the hole of the bottom case 63 to connect the energy output device 1 and the real-time control module 2. In other embodiments, the energy output device 1 can be fixedly connected to the upper end plate 62, the first side plate 64 or the second side plate 65, and the energy transmission member 11 passes through the upper end plate 62, the first side plate 64 or the second side plate 65 to connect the energy output device 1 with the exoskeleton driving device 3. The lever 32 may alternatively be other lever structures such as a straight rod, a bent rod, or other linear rod. The box structural arrangement is compact, and space utilization is higher, can reduce the box volume, conveniently carries.

In some embodiments of the invention, the energy output device 1 and the outer surface of the connected box body 6 are provided with plug connection mechanisms which are matched with each other, and the energy output device 1 and the outer surface of the box body 6 are connected and separated through the plug connection mechanisms, so that the energy output device is convenient to disassemble, install and replace. The plug connection mechanism is a plug connection structure and a plug connection mode which are commonly used in the prior art, and the energy output device can be selected from various forms according to different exoskeleton driving devices, such as a battery or other forms of energy output devices in the prior art.

Continuing with FIG. 3, in some embodiments of the present invention, the lever 32 is a fixed pulley, the lever 32 has a cover 66 disposed outside the lever 32, the cover 66 is disposed in a space defined by the cover 66 and the second side plate 65, the cover 66 has a wire connecting channel 661, the inner wire extends from the wire connecting channel 661 to the outside of the cover 66, the outer wire extending to the outside of the cover 66 has an outer tube, and one end of the outer tube is connected to the wire connecting channel 661. The cover can protect the internal fixed pulley structure from external influences.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the wearing device 5 is provided with the heat insulation structure 51 at a portion of the box body 6 close to the user, so as to prevent the box body 6 from heating and scalding the user, and the heat insulation structure 51 is provided with a flexible structure or an arc design close to one side of the user, so as to be attached to the user and increase the wearing comfort. The heat insulation structure 51 may be a heat insulation pad, a heat insulation board or a heat insulation coating, wherein the heat insulation pad or the heat insulation board is made of a heat reflection material, a porous material or a vacuum heat insulation material, and the heat insulation coating is made of a heat reflection material; the porous material is selected from one or more of leather, sponge, cloth, ceramic, polystyrene, polyurethane, polyisocyanurate, polypropylene, polyimide or aerogel, and the heat reflection material is selected from one or more of lanthanum, neodymium, strontium, niobium, titanium, silicon, hafnium, gold, silver, nickel, aluminum or zirconium simple substance or oxide.

In some embodiments of the present invention, a heat dissipation structure 631 is disposed on an outer surface of the box 6, the heat dissipation structure 631 enables the energy output device 1, the exoskeleton driving device 3, and the real-time control module 2 to exchange heat with an exterior of the box 6, so as to prevent a user from being scalded by an excessive temperature inside the box 6, and the heat dissipation structure 631 may be a heat dissipation plate or a heat dissipation hole. In some embodiments, the box 6 is further provided with a fan 632, and the fan 632 generates better heat exchange and heat dissipation effects for the box 6.

In some embodiments of the present invention, a cooling system is disposed in the box body 6, and in a working state, the cooling system cools the inside of the box body 6, so as to prevent the user from being scalded due to an excessive temperature inside the box body. The cooling system structure is a water cooling structure or other common cooling system structure designs in the prior art.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the driving assembly includes a driving element, one end of the driving element is fixed to the wearable device, and the other end of the driving element is connected to the inner wire, and the driving element draws the inner wire to move axially relative to the outer tube, and draws the power-assisted joint driving portion to achieve the function of assisting the power-assisted joint movement.

In other embodiments, the drive assembly comprises a lever and at least two drive elements, the lever being a linear rod or a fixed pulley. The lever comprises a first end, a second end and a fixed point, the fixed point is arranged between the first end and the second end, the fixed point is relatively fixed with a wearing part of the driving component, at least one included angle between the driving force direction generated by the driving element and the displacement direction of the first end of the lever is more than or equal to 0 degree and less than 90 degrees, at least one included angle between the driving force direction generated by the driving element and the displacement direction of the first end of the lever is less than or equal to 180 degrees and more than 90 degrees, the displacement direction of the first end of the lever is opposite to that of the second end of the lever, the inner wire is connected to the part of the lever except the fixed point, and the driving component pulls the displacement direction of the inner wire and the displacement direction of the first end or the second end of the lever.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the driving element comprises a pneumatic tendon, and the driving assembly further comprises an energy transmission component, the pneumatic tendon has an air inlet and an air valve, the air inlet is connected with the air pipe, the other end of the air pipe is connected with the real-time control module, and the real-time control module can open and close the air valve. The pneumatic tendon is driven by high-pressure gas supplied by a high-pressure gas source to perform push-pull action, when the interior of the pneumatic tendon is inflated, gas enters the pneumatic tendon through the trachea, the air pressure in the interior of the pneumatic tendon is increased, and the pneumatic tendon is expanded and shortened. When gas exits the pneumatic tendon through the gas valve, the pneumatic tendon contracts and elongates.

The pneumatic tendon is characterized in that an elastic inner tube is arranged inside the pneumatic tendon, the material is preferably rubber or other elastic materials, a woven net is arranged outside the pneumatic tendon, the material is preferably nylon fiber or other flexible materials, and two ends of the pneumatic tendon are provided with connecting accessories for sealing and force transmission. When compressed air is input into the inner pipe, the internal pressure rises, the elastic inner pipe expands radially, and then the radial expansion force is converted into axial contraction force through the force transmission action of fibers on the woven net, wherein the output power/weight ratio is 1-50kW/kg, and preferably 10 kW/kg. The diameter is 10-40mm, preferably 10mm, 20mm and 40 mm. The pneumatic tendon provides a larger driving force than other types of driving elements under the same volume and weight, for example, a pneumatic tendon with a diameter of 10mm and a length of 300mm, a weight of 50g, a maximum lifting force of 630N, and a shrinkage rate of 25%, i.e., the effective stroke can be shortened to 75mm, and the pneumatic tendon can automatically brake when reaching the push-pull limit without breaking through a predetermined range.

In some embodiments of the invention, the driving element comprises a shape memory member, preferably a spring structure, made of a shape memory material that is deformable in a free state at low temperatures, and after heating to elevated temperatures, completely eliminates its deformation at lower temperatures, restoring its original shape before deformation. In certain embodiments of the present invention, the shape memory material is selected from nickel-titanium, copper or iron based alloys, or ceramics, polyethylene, polyenes, polyurethanes, polynorbornenes, polyvinyl chloride, styrene-butadiene copolymers, polyamides, polyetheresters, polyethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers. Preferably, the shape memory material of the present invention is selected from nickel-titanium alloys, which have high practical applicability and low manufacturing cost. Specifically, after the nickel-titanium alloy is formed into a spring, the spring is shortened when heated, and the spring is elongated to the initial length when the heating is stopped and cooled. The drive assembly further includes an energy transmission member that increases in temperature and shortens when the energy transmission member transmits energy to the shape memory member. When the energy transmission member stops transmitting energy to the shape memory member, the shape memory member decreases in temperature and elongates.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the driving element comprises a magnetostrictive structure, where magnetostriction means that the ferromagnetic substance changes its magnetic field strength under the action of an external magnetic field, and the dimension of the ferromagnetic substance is elongated or shortened. The materials of the magnetostrictive structure mainly comprise three types, namely metal alloy, ferrite and rare earth compound, taking iron alloy as an example, and the length of the magnetostrictive structure increases along with the increase of the magnetic field intensity. The drive assembly also includes a magnetic field generator that maintains a magnetic field strength about the magnetostrictive structure. When the magnetic field strength is increased, the magnetostrictive structure elongates. When the magnetic field strength is reduced, the magnetostrictive structure shortens.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the driving element comprises a bellows, the bellows is driven by high pressure gas provided by a high pressure gas source to perform a pushing and pulling action, the bellows is preferably of a thin-walled structure, and the bellows material is preferably rubber or a polymeric plastic. The bellows has a certain elasticity in a free state and can be elongated or shortened. When the corrugated pipe is inflated, the internal volume of the corrugated pipe is increased, the length of the corrugated pipe is elongated, and when the bellows stops inflating and deflates, the corrugated pipe can be restored to the initial length. When air is drawn from the bellows, the bellows internal volume decreases and the length shortens. The drive assembly further comprises an air pipe, the corrugated pipe is provided with an air inlet and an air valve, and the air inlet is connected with the air pipe. When gas enters the bellows through the gas tube, the bellows expands and elongates. When gas exits the bellows through the gas valve, the bellows contracts and shortens.

Compared with traditional driving elements such as a motor and a hydraulic structure, the pneumatic tendon, the shape memory part, the magnetostrictive structure or the corrugated pipe can reduce the whole weight of the exoskeleton power assisting device, enlarge the moving range and enable a user to move more conveniently and flexibly. The drive assembly is preferably positioned on the user's body by the wearable device at a location other than where the powered joint is flexed. In some embodiments, the power assist joint is a knee joint, a hip joint, or an ankle joint, and the drive assembly is worn on the waist or back of the user. In other embodiments, the power-assisted joint is an elbow joint, and the drive assembly is worn on the shoulder or back of the user to avoid damage to the exoskeleton drive device due to bending, compression or torsion, thereby improving the comfort and safety of wearing.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the driving assembly further comprises a rope, the rope is made of a material selected from cotton, hemp, brown, nylon, steel or other materials or combinations of materials with sufficient toughness, two ends of the rope are respectively connected with at least one driving element, two ends of the rope are not connected with the same driving element, the lever comprises a groove, the groove is arranged at a position except a fixed point of the lever, such as an end point of the lever or any position between the end point and the fixed point, which can generate a moment, the rope is embedded in the groove, and friction force is generated between the rope and the groove so that the driving element pulls the rope to drive the first end or the second end of the lever to displace relative to the fixed point of the lever.

In other embodiments, the rope is fixedly connected with two ends of the lever, and the driving element pulls the rope to drive the first end or the second end of the lever to displace relative to the fixed point of the lever. In some embodiments, the lever has a fixing groove thereon, and the string has a fixing block thereon matching the fixing groove, and the string is inserted into the fixing groove via the fixing block to be fixedly connected to the lever. In some embodiments, the lever has a fixing groove thereon, the inner wire has a fixing block thereon matching with the fixing groove, and the inner wire is inserted into the fixing groove via the fixing block to be fixedly connected to the lever.

In some embodiments of the present invention, as shown in fig. 4, the energy transmission member 33 is an air tube, the high pressure air source is a high pressure air pump or a high pressure air cylinder, the lever 32 is a fixed pulley, the driving element 31 is a pneumatic tendon, and the exoskeleton driving device comprises: upper mounting plate 341, lower mounting plate 342, bottom plate 343, first energy transmission member 3301, second energy transmission member 3302, first drive element 3101, second drive element 3102, rope 37, lever 32, pulley encoder 321, fixed pulley mount 322, first inner wire 351, second inner wire 352, first outer tube 361, second outer tube 362. Go up mounting panel 341, lower mounting panel 342 and bottom plate 343 constitution the shell protects drive assembly does not receive external disturbance, makes the user dress more convenient safe comfortable, does not influence the normal home range of user. The upper ends of the first driving element 3101 and the second driving element 3102 are fixed on the upper mounting plate 341 through nuts, one ends of the first energy transmission part 3301 and the second energy transmission part 3302 are respectively connected with the air inlet holes of the first driving element 3101 and the second driving element 3102, the other ends of the first energy transmission part 3301 and the second energy transmission part 3302 are connected with the real-time control module, the other ends of the first driving element 3101 and the second driving element 3102 are respectively connected with the two ends of the rope 37, the lever 32 is arranged on the fixed pulley mounting seat 322, and the pulley encoder 321 is connected with the shaft of the lever 32. There are two recesses on the circumference of lever 32, rope 37 is walked around the lower extreme of lever 32 and is inlayed and locate one of them in the recess, and two pneumatic tendon length have certain degree shortening when preferred initial condition, make rope 37 keep certain pretightning force, prevent that rope 37 from following slippage in the recess. The first inner wire 351 and the second inner wire 352 are fixedly fitted into the other groove around the upper end of the lever 32. When the implementation control module controls the high pressure air source to inflate the first driving element 3101 through the first energy transmission member 3301, the first driving element 3101 is shortened, the lower end thereof moves upward, and at the same time, the real-time control module deflates by opening the air valve of the second driving element 3102, the first driving element 3101 pulls the rope 37 to move the lower end of the second driving element 3102 downward, the second driving element 3102 is extended, and at the same time, the rope 37 connected with the first driving element 3101 and the second driving element 3102 drives the lever 32 to rotate clockwise, the lever 32 pulls the first inner wire 351 and the second inner wire 352, the second inner wire 352 is released, the first inner wire 351 is pulled upward, and the portion connected with the other end of the first inner wire 351 is pulled. On the contrary, the implementation control module controls the high pressure air source to inflate the second driving element 3102 through the second energy transmission member 3302, the second driving element 3102 is shortened, the lower end thereof moves upward, and at the same time, the real-time control module deflates by opening the air valve of the first driving element 3101, the second driving element 3102 pulls the rope 37 to move the lower end of the first driving element 3101 downward, the first driving element 3101 is extended, and at the same time, the rope 37 connected with the first driving element 3101 and the second driving element 3102 drives the lever 32 to rotate counterclockwise, the lever 32 pulls the first inner wire 351 and the second inner wire 352, the first inner wire 351 is released, the second inner wire 352 is pulled upward, and the portion connected with the other end of the second inner wire 352 is pulled. The exoskeleton driving device comprises driving elements generating two forces in opposite directions, and when the driving element generating one force direction contracts, the driving element generating the other force direction can return to an extended state, so that the contraction and the extension of each driving element are carried out in a reciprocating manner. In addition, the exoskeleton driving device can comprise a plurality of driving components, so that the exoskeleton driving device can generate a plurality of driving forces in the same direction or in opposite directions, and can be selectively applied to a user assistance part according to the needs of a user.

In some embodiments of the present invention, as shown in fig. 5, the lever 32 is a fixed pulley, the driving member 31 is a memory alloy spring, the energy transmission member 33 is a temperature control wire, and the exoskeleton driving device comprises: upper mounting plate 341, energy transmission member 33, bottom plate 343, driving element 31, first rope 3701, second rope 3702, first fixed pulley 3201, second fixed pulley 3202, pulley encoder 321, fixed pulley mount 322, lower mounting plate 342, inner wire 35, outer tube 36. The upper mounting plate 341, the lower mounting plate 342 and the bottom plate 343 constitute a housing, the upper ends of the first driving element 3101, the second driving element 3102, the third driving element 3103 and the fourth driving element 3104 are fixed on the upper mounting plate 341 by nuts, one ends of the first energy transmission member 3301, the second energy transmission member 3302, the third energy transmission member 3303 and the fourth energy transmission member 3304 are respectively connected with the first driving element 3101, the second driving element 3102, the third driving element 3103 and the fourth driving element 3104, and the other ends of the first energy transmission member 3301, the second energy transmission member 3302, the third energy transmission member 3303 and the fourth energy transmission member 3304 are connected with the real-time control module. First drive element 3101 and second drive element 3102 are coupled at their lower ends to respective ends of first rope 3701, and third drive element 3103 and fourth drive element 3104 are coupled at their lower ends to respective ends of second rope 3702. When the real-time control module controls the energy output device to energize the first driving element 3101 through the first energy transmission member 3301, the first driving element 3101 increases in temperature, shortens in length, and moves its lower end upward, while the real-time control module controls the energy output device to stop energizing the second driving element 3102 through the second energy transmission member 3302, the second driving element 3102 is in a free state, the first driving element 3101 pulls the first rope 3701 to move the lower end of the second driving element 3102 downward, the second driving element 3102 elongates, and at the same time, the first fixing pulley 3201 rotates clockwise, the first fixing pulley 3201 pulls the first and second

inner wires

351 and 352, the second fixing wire 352 is released, the first fixing wire 351 is pulled upward, and a portion connected to the other end of the first fixing wire 351 is pulled. When the real-time control module controls the energy output device to energize the second driving element 3102 through the second energy transmission member 3302, the second driving element 3102 increases in temperature, shortens in length, and moves its lower end upward, and at the same time, the real-time control module controls the energy output device to stop energizing the first driving element 3101 through the first energy transmission member 3301, the first driving element 3101 is in a free state, the second driving element 3102 pulls the first rope 3701 to move the lower end of the first driving element 3101 downward, the first driving element 3101 extends, and at the same time, drives the first fixing pulley 3201 to rotate counterclockwise, the first fixing pulley 3201 pulls the first inner wire 351 and the second inner wire 352, the first inner wire 351 is released, the second inner wire 352 is pulled upward, and a portion connected to the other end of the second inner wire 352 is pulled. When the real-time control module controls the energy output device to energize the fourth driving element 3104 through the fourth energy transmission member 3304, the temperature of the fourth driving element 3104 increases, the length thereof decreases, and the lower end thereof moves upward, while the real-time control module controls the energy output device to stop energizing the third driving element 3103 through the third energy transmission member 3303, the third driving element 3103 is in a free state, the fourth driving element 3104 pulls the second rope 3702 to move the lower end of the third driving element 3103 downward, the third driving element 3103 extends, and simultaneously, the second fixed pulley 3202 rotates counterclockwise, the second fixed pulley 3202 pulls the third inner wire 353, and the third fixed pulley 353 is pulled upward and pulls a portion connected to the other end of the third fixed pulley 353. When the first inner wire 351, the second inner wire 352 or the third inner wire 353 is pulled, an upward driving force is generated, and a wearer can select any one or more of the three driving forces according to needs. In other embodiments, the first rope 3701 and the second rope 3702 are the same rope, the number of the levers in the driving assembly can be three or more, and the number of the driving elements can be increased accordingly, so that the exoskeleton driving device can generate a plurality of driving forces in the same or opposite directions, and the driving forces can be selectively applied to the assisting portion of the user according to the needs of the user.

In some embodiments of the present invention, as shown in fig. 6, the driving element 31 is a magnetostrictive mechanism, the energy transmission member 33 is a magnetic control wire, and the energy output device energizes the driving element via the energy transmission member to generate a magnetic field around the driving element, and the other structures of the exoskeleton driving device are the same as those of the embodiment shown in fig. 5. Initially, a certain magnetic field strength is maintained around the driving element 31, when the real-time control module controls the energy output device to reduce the power to the first driving element 3101 through the first energy transmission member 3301, the magnetic field strength of the first driving element 3101 is reduced, the length is shortened, and the lower end of the first driving element is moved upward, and at the same time, the real-time control module controls the energy output device to increase the power to the second driving element 3102 through the second energy transmission member 3302, the magnetic field strength of the second driving element 3102 is increased, the length is extended, the first fixed pulley 3201 rotates clockwise, the first fixed pulley 3201 pulls the first inner wire 351 and the second inner wire 352, the second inner wire 352 is released, the first inner wire 351 is pulled upward, and a portion connected with the other end of the first inner wire 351 is pulled. On the contrary, when the real-time control module controls the energy output device to decrease the power to the second driving element 3102 through the second energy transmission member 3302, the magnetic field strength of the second driving element 3102 decreases, the length decreases, and the lower end moves upward, and at the same time, the real-time control module controls the energy output device to increase the power to the first driving element 3101 through the first energy transmission member 3301, the magnetic field strength of the first driving element 3101 increases, the length extends, the first fixed pulley 3201 rotates counterclockwise, the first fixed pulley 3201 pulls the first inner wire 351 and the second inner wire 352, the first inner wire 351 is released, the second inner wire 352 is pulled upward, and the portion connected to the other end of the second inner wire 352 is pulled. Third driver element 3103 and fourth driver element 3104 are controlled in the same manner as first driver element 3101 and second driver element 3102.

As shown in fig. 7, the magnetostrictive mechanism includes a magnetic field generator 801 and a magnetic induction bar 802, and the magnetic field generator 801 may be a metal coil or other material or structure that generates a magnetic field when energized. By energizing the magnetic field generator 801, the magnetic field intensity around the magnetic induction bar 802 changes, and the length of the magnetic induction bar 802 changes accordingly.

In some embodiments of the present invention, as shown in fig. 8, the high pressure air source is a high pressure air pump, the driving element 31 is a bellows, the energy transmission member 33 is an air tube, and the other structures of the exoskeleton driving device are the same as those of the embodiment shown in fig. 5. When the implementation control module controls the high-pressure air source to inflate the first driving element 3101 through the first air pipe 3301, the first driving element 3101 extends, and at the same time, the implementation control module controls the high-pressure air source to evacuate the second driving element 3102 through the second air pipe 3302, the length of the second driving element 3102 is shortened, the first fixed pulley 3201 rotates clockwise, the first fixed pulley 3201 pulls the first inner wire 351 and the second inner wire 352, the second inner wire 352 is loosened, the first inner wire 351 is pulled upwards, and a part connected with the other end of the first inner wire 351 is pulled. On the contrary, when the implementation control module controls the high pressure air source to inflate the second driving element 3102 through the second air tube 3302, the second driving element 3102 is extended, and at the same time, the implementation control module controls the high pressure air source to evacuate the first driving element 3101 through the first air tube 3301, the first driving element 3101 is shortened in length, the first fixed pulley 3201 is rotated counterclockwise, the second fixed pulley 3202 pulls the first inner wire 351 and the second inner wire 352, the first inner wire 351 is released, the second inner wire 352 is pulled upward, and a portion connected to the other end of the second inner wire 352 is pulled. Third driver element 3103 and fourth driver element 3104 are controlled in the same manner as first driver element 3101 and second driver element 3102.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the rope and the inner wire are fixedly connected to the lever by means of a fixing block and a fixing groove, respectively, as shown in fig. 9, two grooves, a fixing groove 323 and a fixing groove 324 are formed on the circumference of the lever 32, the rope 37 is embedded in one of the grooves, the first inner wire 351 and the second inner wire 352 are embedded in the other groove and respectively pass through the first outer tube 361 and the second outer tube 362, the rope 37 is embedded in the fixing groove 324 by a fixing block 371, and the first inner wire 351 and the second inner wire 352 share a fixing block 3511 and are embedded in the fixing groove 323. In other embodiments, as shown in fig. 10, the string 37 is inserted into one of the grooves, the first inner wire 351 is inserted into the other groove and passes through the first outer tube 361, the string 37 has a fixing block 371 inserted into the fixing groove 324, and the first inner wire 351 has a fixing block 3511 inserted into the fixing groove 323.

In some embodiments of the invention, the force arm of the force of the rope pulling the lever is different from the force arm of the force of the lever pulling the inner wire. As shown in fig. 11a, the lever 32 is a coaxial double-fixed pulley structure, the two fixed pulleys are fixed to each other and rotate together, the two fixed pulleys have different diameters, a groove is formed in each of the circumferences, the rope is fixedly embedded in one of the grooves, and the inner wire is fixedly embedded in the other groove, so that the displacement generated by the driving component for pulling the inner wire is not limited to the displacement generated by the driving element for pulling the lever, and the magnitude of the power assistance provided by the driving part for pulling the inner wire by the driving component can be further adjusted according to actual needs.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the lever connects at least two inner wires, and the distance between the connecting portion of each inner wire and the lever and the fixing point is different. As shown in fig. 11b, the lever 32 is a coaxial three-fixed pulley structure, the three fixed pulleys are fixed to each other and rotate together, the three fixed pulleys have different diameters and have a groove on the circumference, the rope is fixedly embedded in one of the grooves, the lever 32 can be connected with two inner wires, and the two inner wires are respectively fixedly embedded in the other two grooves. As shown in fig. 11c, the lever 32 is a coaxial three-fixed pulley structure, the three fixed pulleys are fixed to each other and rotate together, two diameters of the three fixed pulleys are the same, the three fixed pulleys are respectively provided with a groove on the circumference, the rope is fixedly embedded in one of the grooves, the lever 32 can be connected with two inner wires, the two inner wires are respectively fixedly embedded in the other two grooves, the force arms of the force of the lever pulling each inner wire are different in size, and the driving assembly can pull each inner wire to generate displacement with different sizes. In other embodiments, the number of the fixed pulleys included in the lever may be 3 or more.

The fixing portion and the driving portion of the exoskeleton driving device can be fixedly connected with the outer tube or the inner wire, for example, the fixing portion and the driving portion are provided with grooves, and the outer tube or the inner wire is embedded in the grooves and fixedly connected with the grooves. In some embodiments, the power-assisted joint is a hip joint or an ankle joint, as shown in fig. 12 and 13, four waist fixing portions 381 are symmetrically fixed to the front and rear sides of the waist band 5, a first outer tube 361 and a second outer tube 362 are connected to the exoskeleton driving device 3 and the fixing portions 381, a thigh driving portion 382 is fixed to the upper end of the thigh band 5, and a first inner wire 351 is connected to the fixing portion 381 at one end and connected to the driving portion 382 at the other end. As shown in fig. 14 and 15, the lower leg fixing portion 381 is fixed to the lower end of the lower leg strap 5, the shoe driving portion 382 is fixed to the rear end of the shoe 5, the second outer tube 362 is connected to the fixing portion 381, and the second inner wire 352 extends from the second outer tube 362 and is connected to the driving portion 382.

The detection device detects the instantaneous motion parameter signal of the user and sends the instantaneous motion parameter signal of the user to the input port of the real-time control module in a wired or wireless mode. In some embodiments, the detection device incorporates an Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU), a surface electromyography unit (sEMG), and a piezoelectric sensor unit, the instantaneous motion parameter signals include the angle of the thigh or calf during walking, acceleration, electromyography of the associated muscle, and instantaneous motion parameters of pressure changes, the pressure includes sole pressure or human-machine effort, which refers to the pressure between the user's thigh, calf or other body part and the device worn on the part. In some embodiments, the detection device is two or more than two pressure sensors fixed on the bottom of the shoe, the pressure sensors are distributed in an array mode, instantaneous sole pressure signals in the walking process are detected, instantaneous gaits in the walking process are judged according to changes of the sole pressure, and future gaits are reasonably predicted. As shown in fig. 13-15, in some embodiments, the thigh sensor 4 is fixed to the outer middle of the thigh-wearing device 5. In other embodiments, the lower leg portion sensor 4 is fixed to the medial middle of the lower leg portion wearing device 5. In other embodiments, at least two sensors 4 are fused at the bottom of the foot wearing device 5, and a plurality of pressure sensor arrays can also be fused to detect instantaneous sole pressure signals in the walking process.

In some embodiments of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3 and 16, the driving assembly further includes a guide wheel 325, the driving element 31 is a motor, the lever 32 is a fixed pulley, the lever 32 has two grooves, the first inner wire 351 and the second inner wire 352 are respectively embedded into the two grooves of the lever 32, one end of the first inner wire 351 and one end of the second inner wire 352 are respectively fixedly connected to the lever 32, and the other end of the first inner wire 351 and the other end of the second inner wire 352 pass through the guide wheel 325 and respectively penetrate two outer tubes fixedly connected to the wiring channel 661 and extend outward. When the driving member 31 rotates the lever 32 counterclockwise, the second inner wire 352 is pulled and the first inner wire 351 is released. When the driving member 31 rotates the lever 32 clockwise, the first inner wire 351 is pulled and the second inner wire 352 is released. The guide wheel 325 is provided to allow the first inner wire 351 and the second inner wire 352 to be more securely fitted into the groove.

In some embodiments, the exoskeleton driving device further comprises a sensor for detecting the working state in the exoskeleton driving device and sending the feedback signal to the real-time control module in a wired or wireless manner, and in some embodiments, as shown in fig. 4, the sensor is disposed in a pulley encoder 321 and records the rotation angle of the fixed pulley 32 and transmits the feedback signal to the real-time control module. In other embodiments, as shown in fig. 17, the sensor is fixedly installed on the bottom plate 343, the guide wheel 325 is fixedly installed on the sensor, the first inner wire 351 bypasses the guide wheel 325 and has a pre-tightening force, when the lever 32 rotates, the first inner wire 351 directly contacts the guide wheel 325 and generates a force, and the magnitude of the force detected by the sensor is transmitted to the real-time control module. The real-time control module controls the energy output device to output and stop outputting the driving energy according to the input feedback signal, and the real-time control module can control the output of the driving energy more accurately and more appropriately according to actual conditions by combining the feedback signals of the detection device and the exoskeleton driving device.

In some embodiments, the real-time control module comprises a servo valve disposed on the energy transmission member, and the real-time control module controls the output of the driving energy by controlling the servo valve to control the amount of the driving energy input to the exoskeleton driving device.

The energy output device and the output energy may be in various forms. In some embodiments, the energy output device is an electric energy output device which can directly supply electric energy to the exoskeleton driving device needing electric energy, and in other embodiments, the energy output device further comprises a high-pressure air pump which is supplied with electric energy to drive the high-pressure air pump to generate high-pressure air. In addition, the electric energy output device can also be provided with a solar panel, and the electric energy is supplemented by the energy generated after the light of the solar panel, so that the energy supplement is more convenient. In some embodiments, the energy output device comprises a high pressure gas cylinder, wherein the gas pressure in the high pressure gas cylinder is preferably 10-100Mpa, preferably 10Mpa, 20Mpa, 30Mpa, 40Mpa, 50Mpa, 60Mpa, 70Mpa, 80Mpa, 90Mpa, 100Mpa, and the output gas pressure is sufficient to drive the exoskeleton driving device and ensure certain use safety; the capacity of the high-pressure gas storage bottle is preferably 0.1-1L, preferably 0.2L,0.22L,0.24L,0.26L,0.28L and 0.3L, so that the high-pressure gas storage bottle can maintain a long working time and is convenient to carry in size. The length of the high-pressure gas storage cylinder is 5-25cm, the diameter is 1-10cm, and the weight is 0.1-1 Kg. Compared with a high-pressure air pump, the high-pressure air storage bottle is light in overall weight, does not need a battery to provide electric energy for the high-pressure air storage bottle, and can be conveniently replaced. In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 18, gas cylinder frame 12 is fixedly attached to wearable device 5. The high-pressure gas cylinder 11 is embedded in the cylinder frame 12 and is relatively fixed, and can be taken out only upwards. The constant pressure valve 111 is installed at the mouth of the high pressure gas storage bottle 11, the constant pressure valve 111 has a gas port for outputting gas, a pressure regulating knob for regulating the pressure of the output gas and a switch knob for controlling the opening and closing of the gas valve, and the gas supply pipe 33 is connected with the gas port of the constant pressure valve 111. The wearer wears the high-pressure gas bomb 11 and other accessories on the back of the wearer through the wearing device 5.

The invention also provides a method for assisting a user in assisting the movement of the joint by using the exoskeleton driving device, which comprises the following steps of:

step 1, providing the exoskeleton driving device, and wearing the wearable device on the body of a user;

The invention also provides a method for assisting the movement of the assisted joint by the assisted exoskeleton system, which comprises the following steps:

step 1, providing the power-assisted exoskeleton system, and wearing the wearable device on the body of a user;

step 2, the detection device detects the instantaneous motion parameter signal of the user and inputs the instantaneous motion parameter signal of the user into the real-time control module; mounting or wearing the detection device on a part of the body movement of the user, for example, when the power-assisted joint is an elbow joint, mounting or wearing the detection device on at least one part of the upper arm and the lower arm;

step 3, the real-time control module controls the energy output device to output and stop outputting the driving energy according to the input signals of the angle, the acceleration, the myoelectric signals of relevant muscles, the pressure change instantaneous motion parameters and the like of the user, preferably, the real-time control module also comprises a servo valve, and the real-time control module can control the output driving energy through controlling the servo valve;

step 4, the energy output device outputs the driving energy to the exoskeleton driving device through an energy transmission part between the energy output device and the exoskeleton driving device;

The method for assisting the movement of the power-assisted joint by the power-assisted exoskeleton system can be used for assisting the movement of the lower limbs of a user, for example, assisting at least one of the hip joint, the knee joint and the ankle joint of the user in flexion or extension, at the moment, the power-assisted exoskeleton system is the lower limb power-assisted exoskeleton system, the detection device is a gait detection device, the real-time control module and the energy output device are worn on the trunk of the user through the wearing device, and the gait detection device is worn on the thigh, the calf or the shoe of the user through the wearing device.

Fig. 19 shows a control flow chart of the power-assisted exoskeleton system, wherein the real-time control module 2 comprises a CPU, a driver, a servo valve, an input port and an output port, and the detection device 4 comprises an inertial measurement unit, a surface electromyography detection unit, a piezoelectric sensor unit or other sensors mounted on the thigh, the calf or other parts of the body of the user. The control method and the process of the power-assisted exoskeleton system comprise the following steps:

(1) the detection device 4 inputs the detected data to an input port of the real-time control module 2;

(2) the CPU judges the instantaneous gait and the movement intention through a series of operations and treatments and then sends a control command to the driver;

(3) the driver controls the energy output device 1 to work;

(4) the driving energy generated by the energy output device 1 is output to the exoskeleton driving device 3 through the output port to generate corresponding assistance force.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the driving energy generated by the energy output device 1 is transmitted to the servo valve, the CPU sends a control command to the driver, and the driver precisely controls the magnitude of the driving energy output by the servo valve; in some embodiments of the present invention, the exoskeleton driving device 3 further comprises an encoder, such as a pulley encoder disposed in a fixed pulley, the encoder sends the detected data as a feedback signal to the input port of the real-time control module 2, and the CPU combines the encoder and the detected data of the detecting device 3 to determine the instantaneous gait and the intention of movement through a series of operations and processes.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the energy output device is the high pressure gas cylinder, the real-time control module comprises a microprocessor and a servo valve, the exoskeleton driving device comprises a bowden cable, a driving part, a fixing part, a driving element, a fixed pulley and a pulley encoder, the driving element is a pneumatic tendon or a bellows, and the detection device comprises an inertial measurement unit, a surface myoelectricity detection unit, a piezoelectric sensor unit or other sensors mounted on the thigh, the calf or other parts of the body of the user.

As shown in fig. 20, a control flow chart of the pneumatic power-assisted exoskeleton system is shown, and a control method flow of the power-assisted exoskeleton system comprises:

(1) the detection device 4 and the pulley encoder 321 input the detected data to the real-time control module 2;

(2) the microprocessor 21 judges the instantaneous gait and the movement intention through a series of operations and treatments and then sends a control command to the servo valve 22;

(3) the high pressure gas cylinder 11 outputs high pressure gas to enter the driving element 31 through the servo valve 22, the servo valve 22 controls the high pressure gas to be output to the driving element 31, the driving element 31 drives the first fixed pulley 3201 and the second fixed pulley 3202 to rotate, the first fixed pulley 3201 and the second fixed pulley 3202 draw the bowden cable 39 and further draw the driving part 382 connected with the other end of the bowden cable 39, so that the driving part 382 approaches the fixed part 381, and assistance is generated at a user assistance joint corresponding to the driving part 382;

(4) the pulley encoder 321 detects rotation angle data of the first fixed pulley 3201 and the second fixed pulley 3202, and the detection device 4 detects an angle, an acceleration, an electromyographic signal of relevant muscles and instantaneous motion parameter data of pressure change of a user at the power-assisted joint in a walking process.

Fig. 21 is a graph showing the angle change of the hip joint, knee joint and ankle joint when the user walks, the abscissa is the time percentage of one gait cycle, and the ordinate is the angle of the free end of the power-assisted joint deviating from the initial upright state. At 46% of the gait cycle, the angle at the hip joint starts to increase, i.e. the thigh starts to move from back to front, at which time the drive element connected to the front of the hip joint should be contracted and the drive element connected to the rear of the hip joint should be extended. At 82% of the gait cycle, the angle at the hip joint starts to decrease, i.e. the thigh starts to move from front to back, at which time the drive element connected to the rear of the hip joint should be contracted and the drive element connected to the front of the hip joint should be extended. At 36% of the gait cycle, the angle at the knee joint starts to increase, i.e. the lower leg starts to move backwards, at which time the drive element connected to the rear of the knee joint is contracted. At about 70% of the gait cycle, the angle at the knee joint starts to decrease, i.e. the lower leg starts to move forward, at which time the drive element connecting the rear of the knee joint should be extended. At 60% of the gait cycle, the angle at the ankle joint begins to increase, i.e. the foot begins to move from posterior to anterior, at which time the drive element connected to the anterior portion of the ankle joint should be contracted and the drive element connected to the posterior portion of the ankle joint should be extended. At 22% of the gait cycle, the angle at the ankle joint begins to decrease, i.e. the foot begins to move from front to back, at which time the drive element connected to the rear of the ankle joint should be contracted and the drive element connected to the front of the ankle joint should be extended. The assisting force during walking is realized by controlling the corresponding driving element to contract and extend periodically at specific time, but the time points for controlling the contraction or extension of the driving element are different due to different gait data of each person.

The foregoing description of various embodiments of the invention is provided to those skilled in the art for the purpose of illustration. It is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to a single disclosed embodiment. Various alternatives and modifications of the invention, as described above, will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Thus, while some alternative embodiments have been discussed in detail, other embodiments will be apparent or relatively easy to derive by those of ordinary skill in the art. The present invention is intended to embrace all such alternatives, modifications, and variances which have been discussed herein, and other embodiments which fall within the spirit and scope of the above application.

While the invention has been described in terms of embodiments, those skilled in the art will recognize that there are numerous variations and modifications of the invention without departing from the spirit of the invention, and it is intended that the appended claims cover such variations and modifications as fall within the true spirit of the invention.

Claims

1. The exoskeleton driving device is applied to an exoskeleton power assisting system, the exoskeleton driving device is fixedly connected with a wearing device, the wearing device is worn on the body of a user, and the wearing device is a bandage, a shoe or clothes; the exoskeleton driving device comprises an outer tube, an inner wire and a driving assembly, wherein the driving assembly is worn on the body of a user and pulls the inner wire to assist the user in assisting the movement of the joint, the outer tube is sleeved outside the inner wire, the inner wire can generate axial relative displacement relative to the outer tube, and the outer tube and the inner wire are connected with the driving assembly;

the driving assembly comprises a lever and at least two driving elements, the lever is connected with at least two inner wires, the lever pulls each inner wire, the force arms of the force of the inner wires are different in size, the lever comprises a first end, a second end and a fixed point, the fixed point is arranged between the first end and the second end, the fixed point is fixed relative to the wearing part of the driving assembly, the inner wires are connected to the parts of the lever except the fixed point, the included angle between the driving force direction generated by at least one driving element and the displacement direction of the first end of the lever is more than or equal to 0 degree and less than 90 degrees, the included angle between the driving force direction generated by at least one driving element and the displacement direction of the first end of the lever is less than or equal to 180 degrees and more than 90 degrees, the displacement directions of the first end and the second end of the lever are opposite, and the driving assembly pulls the displacement direction of the inner wires and the included angle between the displacement direction of At 90 degrees;

the lever is provided with a fixing groove, the inner wire is provided with a fixing block matched with the fixing groove, and the inner wire is inserted into the fixing groove through the fixing block so as to be fixedly connected to the lever;

the driving assembly comprises a rope, the first end and the second end of the lever are respectively connected with at least one driving element through the rope, the first end and the second end of the lever are not connected with the same driving element, and the force arm of the force for pulling the lever by the rope is different from the force arm of the force for pulling the inner wire by the lever.

2. An exoskeleton driving device as claimed in claim 1 wherein the drive element comprises a pneumatic tendon having an air inlet and an air valve, the drive assembly further comprising an energy transmission member, the air inlet being connected to the energy transmission member; the pneumatic tendon expands and contracts when gas enters the pneumatic tendon through the energy transmission member; when gas exits the pneumatic tendon through the gas valve, the pneumatic tendon contracts and elongates.

3. The exoskeleton driving apparatus of claim 1 wherein said drive element comprises a shape memory member, said drive assembly further comprising an energy transmission member, said shape memory member increasing in temperature and decreasing in temperature when said energy transmission member transmits energy to said shape memory member; when the energy transmission member stops transmitting energy to the shape memory member, the temperature of the shape memory member is lowered and the shape memory member is in a free state.

4. The exoskeleton actuation apparatus as claimed in claim 1 wherein said drive member comprises a magnetostrictive structure, said drive assembly further comprising an energy transmission member which initially transmits energy to said magnetostrictive structure to maintain a magnetic field strength about said magnetostrictive structure; increasing the magnetic field strength, the magnetostrictive structure elongating; reducing the magnetic field strength, the magnetostrictive structure shortens.

5. The exoskeleton driving apparatus of claim 1 wherein said drive member comprises a bellows having an air inlet and an air valve, said drive assembly further comprising an energy transmission member, said air inlet being coupled to said energy transmission member; the bellows expands and elongates as gas enters the bellows through the energy transmission member; when gas exits the bellows through the gas valve, the bellows contracts and shortens.

6. The exoskeleton actuation apparatus of claim 3 wherein said shape memory member is a spring structure.

7. An exoskeleton driving device as claimed in claim 4 wherein the magnetostrictive structure is a metal alloy, ferrite or a rare earth compound.

8. The exoskeleton driving apparatus of claim 1 wherein said drive assembly has a housing.

9. The exoskeleton driving apparatus as claimed in claim 1 wherein said lever includes a recess, said recess being disposed at a location other than a fixed point of said lever, said cord being embedded in said recess, said cord and said recess having a friction force therebetween such that pulling of said cord by said driving member displaces said first or second end of said lever relative to said fixed point of said lever.

10. The exoskeleton actuation apparatus as claimed in claim 1 wherein said cord is fixedly connected to said lever and said actuation member pulls said cord to displace said first or second end of said lever relative to a fixed point on said lever.

11. An exoskeleton driving device as claimed in claim 10 wherein the lever has a fixing slot and the rope has a fixing block matching the fixing slot, the rope being inserted into the fixing slot via the fixing block to be fixedly connected to the lever.

12. The exoskeleton driving method of the exoskeleton driving device of any one of claims 1 to 11, comprising the steps of:

step 1, wearing the driving component on the body of a user;

13. A power assisted exoskeleton system comprising a real time control module, an exoskeleton driving device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 11, a detection device, a wearable device and an energy output device;

14. The power-assisted exoskeleton system of claim 13 wherein the exoskeleton driving device includes a sensor that senses an energy state in the exoskeleton driving device as a feedback signal, the real-time control module controls the energy output device to output and stop outputting the driving energy according to the feedback signal input.

15. The assisted exoskeleton system of claim 13 wherein the real-time control module comprises a servo valve disposed on the energy transmission path, the servo valve controlling the amount of drive energy input to the exoskeleton drive device.

16. The power-assisted exoskeleton system of claim 13 wherein the energy output device is an electrical energy output device having a solar panel, wherein the driving energy is supplemented by energy generated by the solar panel when exposed to light.

17. The power-assisted exoskeleton system of claim 13 wherein the energy output device comprises a high pressure gas cylinder.

18. A powered exoskeleton system as claimed in claim 17 wherein the pressure in the high pressure gas cylinder is in the range 10 to 100 Mpa.

19. The method of assisting locomotion of a powered exoskeleton system of claim 13, comprising the steps of:

step 1, wearing the wearable device on a user body;