CN107644572A - A kind of tutoring system based on thought process - Google Patents
A kind of tutoring system based on thought process Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Present invention is disclosed a kind of tutoring system based on thought process, including condition database, derivation database, findings data storehouse, standard course of solving questions acquisition module, user's course of solving questions acquisition module, course of solving questions comparing module；Condition database is storing the condition data of each topic；Derivation database is storing the derivation data of each topic；Findings data storehouse is storing the findings data of each topic；Standard course of solving questions acquisition module is obtaining each course of solving questions of each topic；User's course of solving questions acquisition module is obtaining the course of solving questions of user；Course of solving questions comparing module is the course of solving questions of user to be compared with each standard course of solving questions；Judge the correctness of solving a problem of the user, user is found in user's misjudgment and is solved a problem step of problems.Tutoring system proposed by the present invention based on thought process, its thinking can be obtained automatically according to the behavior of user, and therefrom analyze reason of problems.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to intelligent tutoring technical field, it is related to a kind of tutoring system, more particularly to a kind of automatic obtains user's thinking
Tutoring system.
Background technology
Plane geometry, which is that a teacher is difficult, teaches, the subject that student finds it difficult to learn.Student is difficult to grasp during the subject is learnt to be put down
The method that boost line is added in face geometrical issues thinking methods, the regularity of analysis method and plane geometry problem course of solving questions.
And teacher can not provide accurate answer in traditional geometry teaching to these problems of student, trace it to its cause be exactly can not
Thought process of solving a problem to student is positioned exactly, is more combed without thought process of the effective means to each student
Reason and guiding, personalized special training is given for the problem of different student's difference thought processes to help each student to slap
Hold the thinking methods and its regularity of plane geometry problem.This basic place that namely plane geometry hardly possible is taught, found it difficult to learn.
All CAI software, the particularly CAI software in plane geometry field on the market at present, can be largely classified into three major types：
1st, video-type：Form i.e. the video imprinting that teacher teaches into DVD or software
2nd, workbook type：I.e. teaching reference book, the topic on material for review or extracurricular workbook, copy in computer and make
Exam pool
3rd, tool-type：Such as《Several drawing board》Such software, help teacher to make courseware or draw geometric figure
But this three major types CAI software is all traditional classroom education and religion auxiliary material is read and study utilizes modern letter
It is derivative caused by breath technology, do not solve the essence of education fundamentally, i.e. thought process shows, analyzes and evaluated, and
The training and transmission of corresponding Right Thinking process.
For student, this existing three major types CAI software：
1st, result of solving a problem, thought process of not solving a problem only are introduced
Existing CAI software is all to teach knowledge as main purpose, all describe only knowledge point, and then being provided around knowledge point should
Topic, and introduce the result that topic is solved a problem, the thought process do not solved a problem.For example a plane geometry problem is this kind of soft
There was only a figure for having added boost line and the proof procedure solved a problem in the scheme of solving a problem of part, do not provide but and think deeply the problem
Thought process.Student can only say after having seen to know that sth. is so but not why is so, it is known that how this problem answers, still
Do not understand how this answer process is figured out.
2nd, thought process of solving a problem can not be allowed to be embodied
Existing CAI software can do nothing to help the thought process that student clearly describes oneself to solve a problem；Student can not be allowed to oneself thinking
Cheng Dangzhong difficulty is diagnosed；Also student is can do nothing to help when branch road is gone in thought process, it is appreciated that thinking is out of joint,
And the thought process of guiding student is re-incorporated INTO on correct track.
3rd, it is difficult to help and grasps thinking methods and regularity
Existing CAI software is difficult to help students plane geometry problem thinking methods, the regularity of analysis method and plane several
The scientific method of boost line is added in what problem.
For teacher, there is following defect in this existing three major types CAI software：
1st, can not be from thought process aspect guiding student
Existing CAI software can not help teacher to give student's guiding from the aspect of thought process, and teacher can not be helped to use and be directed to
The teaching means of property lifts the results of learning of student.
2nd, each student can not be spread to
In teaching process, existing CAI software can not help teacher from macroscopical angle and microcosmic angle to grasp each
Raw thought process, and classroom interaction exchange is formed therewith.
3rd, accurate teaching quality analysis can not be carried out
Existing CAI software can only provide student and answer a statistics of situation for certain road plane geometry topic and collect, can not
With regard to student in thinking processes the problem of encountering and mistake, grasp and practical situations for knowledge point, which are made, to collect and comments
Valency.
In view of this, nowadays there is an urgent need to design a kind of new teaching method, to overcome above-mentioned existing for existing teaching method lack
Fall into.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are：A kind of tutoring system based on thought process is provided, can be according to the behavior of user
Its thinking is obtained, and therefrom analyzes reason of problems.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that：
A kind of tutoring system based on thought process, the tutoring system include：Fundamental figure information bank, plane geometry conditionity
Matter storehouse, problem and derive property data storehouse, exercise pictorial images storehouse, plane geometry exercise database, routing database of solving a problem,
Skill and ability database, user's course of solving questions acquisition module, course of solving questions comparing module, knowledge point acquisition module is not grasped；
The fundamental figure information bank includes the description of fundamental figure, the property of fundamental figure, position feature, application to store
Program, application process, and the diagram of pre-cache fundamental figure；The application process includes adding line method；
The plane geometry condition property storehouse is storing whole plane geometry condition property；Stored by the way of succession, father's section
There is the general-purpose attribute of the condition property in point；The base class of top is " condition property " class, contains known solve in condition
General attribute and original method；
Described problem and derivation property data storehouse to storage problem and derive property；Problem and derive property data storehouse be system to
The linguistic norm and feature interacted when user is putd question to, comprising fundamental figure feature, problem content, problem options, ask
The annotation of topic options, previous step, subsequent step, problem form；
The exercise pictorial images storehouse is storing the plane geometric figure by feature coding and data compression and add boost line
Data；Its major function is：The vector record format of graph data is converted into binary recording form, and with compressed encoding
Mode stores Graphics/Image；Graphics/Image data can be carried out with various mathematic(al) manipulations and Digital Image Processing；Carry out Graphics/Image
The various statistical analyses of data；And output template and derivation property condition during boost line addition step；
The plane geometry exercise database is to memory plane geometry exercise and the figure used；The storage bag of plane geometry problem
Containing " known conditions ", " solving condition " and three parts of figure, " known conditions ", " solving condition " are from " plane geometry bar
Part property storehouse ", figure come from " boost line image library "；It can carry out deriving answering for judgement so that each condition property can turn into
With condition, each figure also turns into the graph image that dynamic is clicked on and operated；
It is described to solve a problem routing database to store the thought path of solving a problem for the exercise that prestored in all " plane geometry exercise databases "
Template；This database is expertise database, by being inputted after expert's predefined；How many every one of plane geometry problem contain
Kind solution, then fully enter the basis for estimation derived into database as thinking；The routing database of solving a problem also stores each
The knowledge point involved by step is corresponded in standard course of solving questions, the topic involved by the knowledge point；
User's course of solving questions acquisition module is obtaining the course of solving questions of user；
The course of solving questions comparing module is the course of solving questions of user to be compared respectively with each standard course of solving questions；If
User's course of solving questions is identical with either standard course of solving questions, then judges that solving a problem for the user is correct；If user's course of solving questions is with appointing
One standard course of solving questions is differed, and user's course of solving questions is matched with some standard course of solving questions, obtains similarity highest
At least one specific criteria course of solving questions, user's course of solving questions is compared with the specific criteria course of solving questions；User solves a problem
Process includes some data item, and specific criteria course of solving questions includes some data item, by each data item of user's course of solving questions with
Each data item of specific criteria course of solving questions is compared successively, if finding different data item, then it is assumed that what user solved a problem should
Problem be present in step；
The knowledge point acquisition module of not grasping to find user's step of problems according to the course of solving questions comparing module,
And the knowledge point involved by the step is obtained from the routing database of solving a problem, know using the knowledge point as what corresponding user did not grasped
Know point.
After the completion of the skill and ability database in user to solve a problem, according to system, customized algorithm Calculation Estimation user exists
The a series of knowledge expertise and the grasp situation of correct solution approach reflected in course of solving questions, and combine system record
The user solves a problem for the history of the topic of same type and situation dynamic generation and preserves system and commented for the user for skill and ability
Survey.Skill and ability carries out a description that is directly perceived and quantifying to the skill and ability height reflected to user in course of solving questions.
A kind of tutoring system based on thought process, the tutoring system include：Condition database, derivation database, knot
Mould is compared by database, index data base, standard course of solving questions acquisition module, user's course of solving questions acquisition module, course of solving questions
Block；
Condition database is storing the condition data of each topic；
Derivation database is storing the derivation data of each topic；
Findings data storehouse is storing the findings data of each topic；
Standard course of solving questions acquisition module is obtaining each course of solving questions of each topic；
User's course of solving questions acquisition module is obtaining the course of solving questions of user；
Course of solving questions comparing module is the course of solving questions of user to be compared with each standard course of solving questions；If user solves a problem
Process is identical with either standard course of solving questions, then judges that solving a problem for the user is correct；If user's course of solving questions and either standard solution
Topic process is differed, and user's course of solving questions is matched with some standard course of solving questions, obtains similarity one spy of highest
Quasi- course of solving questions is calibrated, user's course of solving questions is compared with the specific criteria course of solving questions；User's course of solving questions includes some
Data item, specific criteria course of solving questions include some data item, each data item and the specific criteria of user's course of solving questions are solved a problem
Each data item of process is compared successively, if finding different data item, then it is assumed that the step that user solves a problem has problem.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the tutoring system also includes：Fundamental figure information bank, plane geometry conditionity
Matter storehouse, problem and derivation property data storehouse, exercise pictorial images storehouse, plane geometry exercise database, routing database of solving a problem；
The fundamental figure information bank includes the description of fundamental figure, the property of fundamental figure, position feature, application to store
Program, application process, and the diagram of pre-cache fundamental figure；The application process includes adding line method；
The plane geometry condition property storehouse is storing whole plane geometry condition property；Stored by the way of succession, father's section
There is the general-purpose attribute of the condition property in point；The base class of top is " condition property " class, contains known solve in condition
General attribute and original method；
Described problem and derivation property data storehouse to storage problem and derive property；Problem and derive property data storehouse be system to
The linguistic norm and feature interacted when user is putd question to, comprising fundamental figure feature, problem content, problem options, ask
The annotation of topic options, previous step, subsequent step, problem form；
The exercise pictorial images storehouse is storing the plane geometric figure by feature coding and data compression and add boost line
Data；Its major function is：The vector record format of graph data is converted into binary recording form, and with compressed encoding
Mode stores Graphics/Image；Graphics/Image data can be carried out with various mathematic(al) manipulations and Digital Image Processing；Carry out Graphics/Image
The various statistical analyses of data；And output template and derivation property condition during boost line addition step；
The plane geometry exercise database is to memory plane geometry exercise and the figure used；The storage bag of plane geometry problem
Containing " known conditions ", " solving condition " and three parts of figure, " known conditions ", " solving condition " are from " plane geometry bar
Part property storehouse ", figure come from " boost line image library "；It can carry out deriving answering for judgement so that each condition property can turn into
With condition, each figure also turns into the graph image that dynamic is clicked on and operated；
It is described to solve a problem routing database to store the thought path of solving a problem for the exercise that prestored in all " plane geometry exercise databases "
Template；This database is expertise database, by being inputted after expert's predefined；How many every one of plane geometry problem contain
Kind solution, then fully enter the basis for estimation derived into database as thinking；The routing database of solving a problem also stores each
The knowledge point involved by step is corresponded in standard course of solving questions, the topic involved by the knowledge point；
The course of solving questions comparing module is the course of solving questions of user to be compared respectively with each standard course of solving questions；If
User's course of solving questions is identical with either standard course of solving questions, then judges that solving a problem for the user is correct；If user's course of solving questions is with appointing
One standard course of solving questions is differed, and user's course of solving questions is matched with some standard course of solving questions, obtains similarity highest
At least one specific criteria course of solving questions, user's course of solving questions is compared with the specific criteria course of solving questions；User solves a problem
Process includes some data item, and specific criteria course of solving questions includes some data item, by each data item of user's course of solving questions with
Each data item of specific criteria course of solving questions is compared successively, if finding different data item, then it is assumed that what user solved a problem should
Problem be present in step；
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the tutoring system also includes not grasping knowledge point acquisition module, described not grasp
Knowledge point acquisition module according to the course of solving questions comparing module to find user's step of problems, and from the road of solving a problem
Footpath database obtains the knowledge point involved by the step, the knowledge point that the knowledge point is not grasped as corresponding user.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are：Tutoring system proposed by the present invention based on thought process, can according to the behavior of user from
It is dynamic to obtain its thinking, and therefrom analyze reason of problems.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the composition schematic diagram of the tutoring system of the invention based on thought process.
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of teaching method of the present invention.
Embodiment
The preferred embodiment that the invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Embodiment one
Fig. 1, Fig. 2 are referred to, present invention is disclosed a kind of tutoring system based on thought process, the tutoring system includes：Base
This graphical information storehouse, plane geometry condition property storehouse, problem and derivation property data storehouse, exercise pictorial images storehouse, plane geometry
Exercise database, routing database of solving a problem, skill and ability database, user's course of solving questions acquisition module, course of solving questions compare mould
Block, knowledge point acquisition module is not grasped.
The fundamental figure information bank includes the description of fundamental figure, the property of fundamental figure, position feature, application to store
Program, application process, and the diagram of pre-cache fundamental figure；The application process includes adding line method.
The plane geometry condition property storehouse is storing whole plane geometry condition property；Stored by the way of succession, father's section
There is the general-purpose attribute of the condition property in point；The base class of top is " condition property " class, contains known solve in condition
General attribute and original method.
Described problem and derivation property data storehouse to storage problem and derive property；Problem and derive property data storehouse be system to
The linguistic norm and feature interacted when user is putd question to, comprising fundamental figure feature, problem content, problem options, ask
The annotation of topic options, previous step, subsequent step, problem form.
The exercise pictorial images storehouse is storing the plane geometric figure by feature coding and data compression and add boost line
Data；Its major function is：The vector record format of graph data is converted into binary recording form, and with compressed encoding
Mode stores Graphics/Image；Graphics/Image data can be carried out with various mathematic(al) manipulations and Digital Image Processing；Carry out Graphics/Image
The various statistical analyses of data；And output template and derivation property condition during boost line addition step.
The plane geometry exercise database is to memory plane geometry exercise and the figure used；The storage bag of plane geometry problem
Containing " known conditions ", " solving condition " and three parts of figure, " known conditions ", " solving condition " are from " plane geometry bar
Part property storehouse ", figure come from " boost line image library "；It can carry out deriving answering for judgement so that each condition property can turn into
With condition, each figure also turns into the graph image that dynamic is clicked on and operated.
It is described to solve a problem routing database to store the thought path of solving a problem for the exercise that prestored in all " plane geometry exercise databases "
Template；This database is expertise database, by being inputted after expert's predefined；How many every one of plane geometry problem contain
Kind solution, then fully enter the basis for estimation derived into database as thinking；The routing database of solving a problem also stores each
The knowledge point involved by step is corresponded in standard course of solving questions, the topic involved by the knowledge point.
User's course of solving questions acquisition module is obtaining the course of solving questions of user.
The course of solving questions comparing module is the course of solving questions of user to be compared respectively with each standard course of solving questions；If
User's course of solving questions is identical with either standard course of solving questions, then judges that solving a problem for the user is correct；If user's course of solving questions is with appointing
One standard course of solving questions is differed, and user's course of solving questions is matched with some standard course of solving questions, obtains similarity highest
At least one specific criteria course of solving questions, user's course of solving questions is compared with the specific criteria course of solving questions；User solves a problem
Process includes some data item, and specific criteria course of solving questions includes some data item, by each data item of user's course of solving questions with
Each data item of specific criteria course of solving questions is compared successively, if finding different data item, then it is assumed that what user solved a problem should
Problem be present in step；
The knowledge point acquisition module of not grasping to find user's step of problems according to the course of solving questions comparing module,
And the knowledge point involved by the step is obtained from the routing database of solving a problem, know using the knowledge point as what corresponding user did not grasped
Know point.
After the completion of the skill and ability database in user to solve a problem, according to system, customized algorithm Calculation Estimation user exists
The a series of knowledge expertise and the grasp situation of correct solution approach reflected in course of solving questions, and combine system record
The user solves a problem for the history of the topic of same type and situation dynamic generation and preserves system and commented for the user for skill and ability
Survey.Skill and ability carries out a description that is directly perceived and quantifying to the skill and ability height reflected to user in course of solving questions.
Embodiment two
The present embodiment mainly introduces tutoring system of the present invention by taking geometry teaching system as an example, and tutoring system of the present invention can also be used
In Algebra Teaching, physics teaching, chemistry teaching etc..
First, the Logic Structure Design of system
1st, knowledge base is predefined
Fundamental figure information bank
Storage (adds line side comprising the description of fundamental figure, the property of fundamental figure, position feature, application program, application process
Method) and pre-cache fundamental figure diagram.Theoretical core and basis of this information bank for whole thinking tree project, are with Xu Fang
The plane geometry of Qu professors《Fundamental figure analytic approach》It is basic for template, after data preparation, feature extraction, analyzing and processing
Again the data message model modeled, it is the important evidence classified and identified for plane geometry problem.So-called fundamental figure
Analytic approach is exactly：By the figure of a geometrical issues, decompose, be parsed into one or several fundamental figures, when fundamental figure not
When complete, incomplete fundamental figure is mended completely by adding boost line, then using the property of fundamental figure, obtains problem
To the geometric analysis method of solution.
1.1st, plane geometry condition property storehouse
7 major classes, 29 subclasses, 83 condition properties are divided into, and each condition property is owned by the template of oneself and is used for item
Mesh is directed to the input and output of each thinking step.
In such as " straight line " major class, in " straight line and straight line " subclass, the condition property with " intersecting ", and " intersecting "
One of output template for " _ _ _, _ _ _ intersect at X ", the condition derived is：" _ _ X=__X ".As " AB, CD intersect
In E ", the condition derived is：" ∠ AEC=∠ DEB " (vertical angles are equal).
Whole plane geometry condition property employs succession, has the general-purpose attribute of the condition property in father node, as the base class of top is
" condition property " class, contain and known solve attribute general in condition and original method.And " straight line, angle, triangle, circle, half
This seven big condition qualitative classification of circle, quadrangle and polygon, area " is inherited from " condition property " base class, possesses all category of the base class
Property and method are simultaneously expanded.Respective subclass is inherited respectively again under this 7 classification, it is such as " point and straight line, quantitative relation, parallel, vertical
Directly, intersect, extend " it is inherited from base class " straight line ".And in " intersecting " subclass, " _ _ _ respectively hand over _ _ _, _ _ _ in X, X ", " _ _ _,
_ _ _ intersect at X ", " _ _ _, _ _ _ extended line intersect at X ", " _ _ _, _ _ _, _ _ _ intersect at X ", " cross X make straight line hand over _ _ _ in X,
Hand over _ _ _ in Y ", " cross A, B make straight line hand over _ _ _ in X, hand over _ _ _ be inherited from F " " intersecting " class respectively.They have collectively constituted similar
In the relation of tree structure.
1.2nd, problem and derivation property data storehouse
It is that system is putd question to the linguistic norm and feature interacted when (input and output) to user.Comprising fundamental figure feature, ask
Inscribe content, the options of problem, the annotation of problem options, previous step, subsequent step, problem form, as S multiple-choice questions,
F is non-topic, D multiple choices, T gap-filling questions, A lines topic etc..
As data structure be " congruent triangles two (3) " this fundamental figure possess six problem contents, be respectively " select this
What the reasons why two attributes is", " which fundamental figure can be applied", " parent map of centrosymmetrical congruent triangles
Shape is either with or without appearance", " addition fundamental figure method what is", " selected which end points to make parallel lines", " which
To equivalent of triangle”；Previous step numbering is followed successively by " N/A ", " 68-W01 ", " F ", " T ", " 68-W03 "；Subsequent step
Numbering is followed successively by " 68-W02 ", " 68-W03 ", " 68-W04 ", " 68-W06 ", " 68-W05 "；Wherein " select the two properties
The reasons why what is" this problem is multiple-choice question, there are 4 options, be followed successively by：" { options：Occur two it is equal
Line segment；As a result：Select purpose it is indefinite ", " { options：There is one group of vertical angles；As a result：Selection purpose is indefinite } ",
" { options：There are two equal line segments positioned at the both sides of one group of vertical angles, and in line；As a result：Correct option } ",
" { options：There are two intersecting straight lines；As a result：Selection purpose is indefinite } ".And fill-in-question template " ⊿ _ _ _ ≌ ⊿
The property template that _ _ _ " can derive is " _ _=_ _ " and " ∠ _ _ _=∠ _ _ _ ".
1.3rd, exercise pictorial images storehouse
Storage passes through the plane geometric figure of feature coding and data compression and has added the data of boost line.Its major function is：
The vector record format of graph data is converted into binary recording form, and Graphics/Image is stored with compression coding mode；Can be right
Graphics/Image data carry out various mathematic(al) manipulations and Digital Image Processing；Carry out the various statistical analyses of Graphics/Image data.With
And output template and derivation property condition during boost line addition step.
As auxiliary line template that boost line template number is " P-01 " for " cross X make X___ ∥ _ _ _ hand over _ _ in _ _ _ ", image is in itself
It is stored in as binary field in subjectImage fields.
1.4th, plane geometry exercise database
Plane geometry exercise of the initial storage more than 2000 topics and the figure used.The storage of plane geometry problem includes " known
Condition ", " solving condition " and three parts of figure, it is respectively from " plane geometry condition property storehouse " and " auxiliary line image
Storehouse ".So that each condition property can turn into the application conditions that can carry out deriving judgement, each figure, which also becomes, to be moved
State is clicked on and the graph image of operation.
1.5th, solve a problem routing database
Prestore the thought path template of solving a problem of exercise in initial storage all " plane geometry exercise databases ".This database is
Expertise database, by being inputted after expert's predefined.Every one of plane geometry problem contains how many kinds of solution, then all defeated
Enter and enter the basis for estimation that database derives as thinking.
The data in the solution path of Exercise are：" exercise numbering ", " question number ", " which kind path ", " which step footpath ".
Such as first record：" exercise numbering "：712001, correspond in main table exercise table, numbering is the institute of 712001 this road exercise
There are data；" question number "：13-W01, correspond to the problem of all in relevant issues table content；" which kind path "：1, represent
The first road strength；" which step footpath "：1, represent first thinking step in the first path.
Article 2 records：" exercise numbering "：712001, correspond in main table exercise table, numbering is all of 712001 this road exercise
Data；" question number "：13-W02, correspond to the problem of all in relevant issues table content；" which kind path "：1, represent
A kind of path；" which step footpath "：2, represent second thinking step in the first path.
By that analogy.
1.6th, skill and ability database
Different from Junior Mathematics knowledge point, the grasp of skill and ability needs a series of knowledge expertise and correct sequence of steps.Such as
The extraction common factor formula method of factorization has five steps.
1st, common factor formula every in multinomial is found out.
2nd, by it is polynomial each write as product of the common factor formula with corresponding factor.
3rd, common factor formula is extracted as a factor in factorization result.
4th, will propose after common factor formula that bracket is reinstated in the part that stays of each single item together with oeprator one above to bracket, as because
Another factor in formula decomposition result.
5th, the product of the two factors is write out, just obtains the result of factorization.
2nd, customer data base
1.1st, user journal storehouse
Essential record behavioural habits of the user among regular job, including the specific service condition of each function and frequency.This
Daily record storehouse will continue on the central behavior for recording user successively in user, and data foundation is provided for user behavior analysis.
1.2nd, achievement storehouse
It has recorded option and achievement of the user among the process of thinking answer each time.Record the same of all answer processes every time of user
When, also record user do wrong step the reason for.
1.3rd, exercise library
It has recorded the training program that system provides after user trains each time.Training program is by together to three education question structures at present
Into user improves knowledge point Grasping level by completing education question.
1.4th, study schedule database
It has recorded the study schedule situation of user.Fundamental figure comprising grasp, the condition property grasped, the knowledge point grasped.
1.5th, self learning model (system judges the study stage residing for user, and can provide the foundation that training allows student to be capable of autonomous learning)
2nd, the presentation of thought process
The formation of condition is solved known to topic
The formation Main Basiss of topic condition are in " plane geometry exercise database " in predefined 2000 multiple tracks exercise.Due to
Plane exercise is divided into " known conditions ", " solving condition " and three major parts of figure, and these three parts store " put down respectively
Face geometrical condition property storehouse " and the index data in " exercise pictorial images storehouse ".Wherein " plane geometry condition property storehouse " is with " asking
Topic and derivation property data storehouse " has the relation more than 1 pair, the and " fundamental figure in " problem and derivation property data storehouse "
Numbering " field is the external key of " fundamental figure information bank ", so allow for each " known conditions " in exercise topic and
" solving condition " can be as " conditional object " with itself particular community independent one by one, each conditional object
With derivation property.Each independent " conditional object " is numbered and adds upper drag events, then receives " bar in father's container
After part object " content that " conditional object " is included is determined by judging numbering.
Derivation condition
The process of whole computing and reasoning is mainly the process of Data Matching in simple terms.Assuming that one of thinking tree exercise is：
It is known：AB=AC, D be on AB a bit, E be on AC a bit, AD=AE, BE, CD intersect at F, connect AF,
Solve：FA divides ∠ BAC equally.
It is initial to derive step is usually set to " thinking of this subject is since which condition property", this is a single choice, selection
Item includes " observation exercise (or algebraic expression, depending on theme attribute) " and " use condition property is derived " two options.
It is that information is got from topic to click " observation exercise (or algebraic expression) " and mean User, that is, observes the answer come.
The thinking origination node of such as exercise needs the exercise to deploy, then subsequent step can deploy thinking node successively as { " after observation
What is found that", " expecting extracting common factor formula ", " expecting applying formula ", " ... " } etc..
Clicking " use condition property is derived " and meaning needs being derived in itself from topic condition.When User leads to
Cross dragging topic condition cause father's container reception to topic " conditional object " when, system is determined by the numbering of condition first
The property content of whole conditional object.
As student's dragging topic " FA divide ∠ BAC " equally into father's container and click on " it is determined that " button.The master that now father's container receives
The information is wanted to be：
" { condition number：712007, conditional content：FA scoring ∠ BAC, thinking step node：{ numbering：68-W01, it is interior
Hold：Why this property is selected, { problem form：S, { single choice problem 1：There is two equal angles, options knot
Fruit：×, options annotation：Only two equal angles, do not find position feature }, { single choice problem 2：Occur in two
The symmetrical angle of the heart, options result：×, options annotation：There is not centrosymmetric angle, acquistion of concept mistake }, it is { single
Select problem 3：There is two axisymmetric angles, options result：√, options annotation：Thinking node serial number：69-W01 },
{ single choice problem 4：There is two angles with public vertex, options result：×, options annotation：Only two have
The angle of public vertex, does not find position feature } }, include fundamental figure：Nothing, it is illustrated that figure：Nothing } ".
When user clicks single choice problem 1,2 and 4, system judges that User does wrong, and error reason is recorded in into data
In storehouse.Only when user clicks single choice problem 3, derivation just may proceed to carry out.Now will display problem numbering be " 69-W01 "
Next thinking node until analysis terminate.
In thinking step, the operation of User is divided into selection, input, dragging, point diagram etc..The displaying of father's container needs student to use
The information of thinking node of family input is：
" { preposition thinking node serial number：71-W01, thinking node：{ numbering：72-W01, content：It is complete to triangle which should demonstrate,prove
Deng, { problem form：T, { content 1：It should demonstrate,prove, content of filling a vacancy：Nothing, options annotation：Proof starts }, { content 2：
△, content of filling a vacancy：/ ^ [A-Z] [A-Z] [A-Z]+$/, options annotation：The triangle that the letter of 3 capitalization represents }, it is { interior
Hold 3：≌, content of filling a vacancy：Nothing, options annotation：Prove triangle and equivalent of triangle }, content 4：△, content of filling a vacancy：
/ ^ [A-Z] [A-Z] [A-Z]+$/, options annotation：The triangle that the letter of 3 capitalization represents } }, include fundamental figure：{ compile
Number：68, fundamental figure：Congruent triangles one (1), description：Axial symmetry type congruence triangle positioned at the axial symmetry part of figure
Shape, boost line addition possibility：2 kinds }, it is illustrated that figure：Have (binary file storage) ".
The step for, the derivation of next step only can be just carried out after User inputs correct information.
Father's container shows that the information for the thinking node for needing User point diagram is：
" { preposition thinking node serial number：97-W01, thinking node：{ numbering：98-W01, content：Prove congruent triangles
Condition (condition 2), { problem form：P, include fundamental figure：{ numbering：68, fundamental figure：Congruent triangles one (1),
Description：Axial symmetry type congruent triangles positioned at the axial symmetry part of figure, boost line addition possibility：2 kinds of { image hot zones
Domain 1：(150,10)~(150,300), image hot spot region 2：(250,10)~(280,300) } }, it is illustrated that figure：{ figure
Picture：(binary file storage), condition hot spot region：(150,0)~(150,300) } } "
The step for, system can judge clicking operation of the User in diagram hot spot region.Only when the area that User is clicked on
Domain represents student and finds correct condition property, can just carry out the derivation of next step in hot spot region.
The new condition property of this road topic can be produced in derivation, new condition property has been defined on " problem and derivation property
Matter database ".If thinking step derives successfully, no matter condition among derivation either with or without with all " having derived in property "
Occur.And the principle of the condition property is consistent with the generating principle of " known to solve " condition of topic, it can drag and allow father
Information of the container reception to correlation.
Embodiment three
Thinking king wisdom education software of the present invention mainly includes three zones module：Main functionality module, student's featured function module,
Teacher's featured function module.
【Main functionality module】
1.1 solve a problem thinking model
It is《Thinking king》The Core Feature of wisdom education software, it simulates the thought process that the mankind ponder a problem, and can guide
Student completes the thinking parsing of a problem.In the module, student carries out thinking reconciliation length by length by the guiding of system
Topic.In thinking processes, student can derive new property using known conditions, it is insufficient to be identified according to indication
Condition, for geometrical issues, can also dynamic addition boost line, with proving that theorem enters line justification etc. to complete solving a problem for problem
Thought process.It mainly has following function：
1) can complete solve a problem the interacting of thought process with student, and to each thinking node in Students ' Problem-solving thinking processes
Information is collected, diagnosed, and finds out the current Thinking Characteristics of solving a problem of student.
2) man-machine interaction, the thinking of intelligently guiding student and the solution for completing problem are passed through.
3) student thought model can be established, updated and stored, strong foundation is provided for Following course and student thought analysis；
4) the thinking situation of solving a problem of student is recorded, progressively accumulates and forms big data, so as to study track of the intelligence system to student
Automatically assessed.
1.2 thinking analysis collect
It can record thought process of the student when carry out problem is solved a problem one by one, arrange, analyze and solved a problem according to optimization
Thought process identifies mistake and reason of the student among thinking processes of solving a problem, while for the weak ring of students knowledge point
Section provides the training program of personalization, has been truly realized and has taught students in accordance with their aptitude.It has following function：
1) complete thinking track of the student among course of solving questions is clearly showed.
2) learning level of student according to the thought process of student, can scientifically be assessed.
3) learning interest and study habit conventional by analyzing student, predict the knowledge requirement of student and often make mistakes.
4) the learning training scheme of personalization is provided for student's weakness knowledge point.
1.3 mind map
It is a highly important ring in thought process appraisement system.It can identify the stage residing for student thought, with mind map
The optimization thinking step solved a problem of configuration shows.Student can clearly compare oneself and think by comparing the node of mind map
Existing mistaken ideas during dimension.
1) on the basis of student thought feature is analyzed, can the solve a problem thinking tree of key node of dynamic generation lead figure.
2) part that student thought is gone around in circles can be clearly marked out on mind map.
【Student's functional module】
The functional module is the featured function of User, contains the writing function of student thought process, display function, analysis
Function, Function of Evaluation and the guiding function to the further study of student.
2.1 my footprints
Since student carries out thinking to a problem, by whole thought processes of student, corresponding data collection point is formed, and
Record on computers.The various situations occurred for student in thought process, such as student, there occurs inclined in thought process
Difference；Student has come into dead end in thought process；Student goes around in circles in thought process, and around going back；Student is thinking
It is constantly trying to during dimension；Certainly analysis, thinking processes etc. also have been properly completed including student, have all formd complete number
According to collection and data record.The reason for system awards the prompt message and thinking mistake of student is also contains in data record to collect.
My footprint function mainly shows the data message of the following aspects：
1) data such as all thought process of solving a problem, indication information, thinking error reason and by its whole range and show
Come.
2) situation that knowledge point is grasped.The grasp progress that it includes all plane geometry knowledge points and the knowledge needed to be grasped in the term
The progress situation of point.
3) schedule of student training scheme.The situation of self training and the mistake in self training middle school student are completed including student
Topic situation and reason.
4) learning evaluation and the study situation of the content of courses.
2.2 learning evaluation
On the basis of analyzing the overall process of the thinking activities of student, just develop the requirement of thinking ability and thinking arrangement,
Evaluation targetedly, with personalization is carried out, and student's answer right and wrong must be evaluated in alternative education.System can be from
In database by the thinking model data retrieval of student come out after, for each step thinking activities of student correctness carry out analysis and
Evaluate and provide the evaluation conclusion of science.This evaluation conclusion is evaluation of the intervention in the whole learning process of student, can be with
The deep progress of Students ' Learning and constantly update.
2.3 exercises are practised
The exercise that push comes can be collected from teacher there of teaching and is trained.When student completes to practise after exercise
Result feed back to the teacher that teaches.When the teacher that teaches stops terminating the exercise of this road exercise, student is it is seen that oneself is answered
Topic situation.
2.4 self training
According to the result of the evaluation carried out to student, study further to student is carried out targetedly, with personalization
Instruct, including need the content further learnt, it is to be understood that, the conceptual knowledge grasped is, it is necessary to the basic skills instruction carried out
Practice, and different levels (basic, the property strengthened, raising property) thinking activities exercise that needs are carried out etc..Help old
Teacher formulates each student Learning Scheme long-term, targetedly, personalized, and by system to student thought process
Record, display, evaluation, adjust in real time, formed and optimized, be best suitable for each student, meet each Students ' Learning and practise
Used Learning Scheme.When student completes training program, the overall situation progress that learns carries out rising renewal.But when student is solving
When having violated same error again during topic, overall study situation still will decline.Training program must be completed again.It is and each
The training program of secondary generation is all random combine.
【Role of teachers module】
3.1 exercises are searched for and push
Based on " affiliated grade ", " affiliated scope ", " grade of difficulty ", " condition property ", " knowledge point ", " fundamental figure ", " pass
The exercise function of search that the big query function conditional combination of keyword " 7 forms, teacher users can be combined formula by above-mentioned condition and search
Cable plane geometry exercise.Search for later exercise and can be stored in exercise collection and be sent to student and practised.
3.2 intelligently reading
After student practises completing and feeds back to teacher users, teacher any need not correct, and system is whole by the operation of student
Correct and finish and count completion.Teacher users not can be only seen the answer situation of each student of each thinking step of Exercise,
Also it can easily observe which student is each solution have attempted simultaneously.
3.3 concepts are evaluated
The grasp situation and trend on plane geometry each knowledge point overall for teaching class.The grasp of knowledge point is not only
The grasp situation of an each classmate of class is included, includes the overall grasp situation of class's macroscopic aspect.Macroscopical grasp situation point
For two parts：
1st, outstanding, good, qualified, the poor personnel's distribution situation of the current class of Grasping level in to(for) each knowledge point.
2nd, class recently several times in, the grasp situation of the plane geometry knowledge point.
3.4 technical ability are evaluated
The grasp situation and trend on plane geometry each technical ability point overall for teaching class.The grasp of technical ability and knowledge
It is different that point, which is grasped, and the grasp of technical ability needs all sub-steps of one technical ability point of students, and one of sub-step is wrong
Just not very the technical ability point is grasped.Technical ability evaluation is also classified into two parts：
1st, outstanding, good, qualified, the poor personnel's distribution situation of the Grasping level for each technical ability point in current class.
2nd, class recently several times in, the grasp situation of the technical ability point.
3.5 thinkings are evaluated
Think can ability evaluation mainly in the evaluation on student's logical thinking ability, by gathering student in interaction of solving a problem
The various factors and custom caused by central, land, the big data of city's Students ' Learning situation, estimate class entirety student's
The grasp situation of logical thinking ability.The grasp of logical thinking ability is by " introduction ", " primary ", " middle rank ", " middle-and-high-ranking ", " height
Five stage compositions of level ", it is third that each stage is divided into upper, middle and lower again.When the logical thinking ability of student reaches a rank
When, generally will not because of with topic it is different without all answering questions technical ability point when can reduce a level, only can be
Fluctuated in the level ability grade.
Example IV
A kind of tutoring system based on thought process, the tutoring system include：Condition database, derivation database, knot
Mould is compared by database, index data base, standard course of solving questions acquisition module, user's course of solving questions acquisition module, course of solving questions
Block.
Condition database is storing the condition data of each topic；
Derivation database is storing the derivation data of each topic；
Findings data storehouse is storing the findings data of each topic；
Index data base indexes for other Databases, for lifting the efficiency of data query；
Standard course of solving questions acquisition module is obtaining each course of solving questions of each topic；
User's course of solving questions acquisition module is obtaining the course of solving questions of user；
Course of solving questions comparing module is the course of solving questions of user to be compared with each standard course of solving questions；If user solves a problem
Process is identical with either standard course of solving questions, then judges that solving a problem for the user is correct；If user's course of solving questions and either standard solution
Topic process is differed, and user's course of solving questions is matched with some standard course of solving questions, obtains similarity one spy of highest
Quasi- course of solving questions is calibrated, user's course of solving questions is compared with the specific criteria course of solving questions；User's course of solving questions includes some
Data item, specific criteria course of solving questions include some data item, each data item and the specific criteria of user's course of solving questions are solved a problem
Each data item of process is compared successively, if finding different data item, then it is assumed that the step that user solves a problem has problem.
In summary, the tutoring system proposed by the present invention based on thought process, its thinking can be obtained automatically according to the behavior of user,
And therefrom analyze reason of problems.
Here description of the invention and application are illustrative, are not wishing to limit the scope of the invention in above-described embodiment.This
In disclosed embodiment deformation and change be possible, embodiment replaces for those skilled in the art
It is known to change with equivalent various parts.It should be appreciated by the person skilled in the art that the spirit or sheet of the present invention are not being departed from
In the case of matter feature, the present invention can in other forms, structure, arrangement, ratio, and with other components, material and portion
Part is realized.In the case where not departing from scope and spirit of the present invention, other deformations can be carried out to embodiments disclosed herein
And change.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of tutoring system based on thought process, it is characterised in that the tutoring system includes：Fundamental figure information bank, plane
Geometrical condition property storehouse, problem and derive property data storehouse, exercise pictorial images storehouse, plane geometry exercise database, solve a problem
Routing database, skill and ability database, user's course of solving questions acquisition module, course of solving questions comparing module, knowledge is not grasped
Point acquisition module；
The fundamental figure information bank to store include the description of fundamental figure, the property of fundamental figure, position feature, should
With program, application process, and the diagram of pre-cache fundamental figure；The application process includes adding line method；
The plane geometry condition property storehouse is storing whole plane geometry condition property；Stored by the way of succession, father
There is the general-purpose attribute of the condition property in node；The base class of top is " condition property " class, contains and known solves bar
General attribute and original method in part；
Described problem and derivation property data storehouse to storage problem and derive property；Problem and derivation property data storehouse are systems
The linguistic norm and feature interacted when being putd question to user, comprising fundamental figure feature, problem content, problem options,
The annotation of problem options, previous step, subsequent step, problem form；
The exercise pictorial images storehouse is storing the plane geometric figure by feature coding and data compression and add auxiliary
The data of index contour；Its major function is：The vector record format of graph data is converted into binary recording form, and with pressure
Contracting coded system stores Graphics/Image；Graphics/Image data can be carried out with various mathematic(al) manipulations and Digital Image Processing；Carry out
The various statistical analyses of Graphics/Image data；And output template and derivation property condition during boost line addition step；
The plane geometry exercise database is to memory plane geometry exercise and the figure used；The storage of plane geometry problem
Comprising " known conditions ", " solving condition " and three parts of figure, " known conditions ", " solving condition " are from " plane
Geometrical condition property storehouse ", figure come from " boost line image library "；So that each condition property can turn into and can be derived
The application conditions of judgement, each figure also turn into the graph image that dynamic is clicked on and operated；
It is described to solve a problem routing database to store the thinking road of solving a problem for the exercise that prestored in all " plane geometry exercise databases "
Footpath template；This database is expertise database, by being inputted after expert's predefined；Every one of plane geometry problem contains
How many kinds of solution, then fully enter the basis for estimation derived into database as thinking；The routing database of solving a problem also is deposited
Store up and knowledge point involved by step is corresponded in each standard course of solving questions, the topic involved by the knowledge point；
User's course of solving questions acquisition module is obtaining and record the course of solving questions of user；
The course of solving questions comparing module is the course of solving questions of user to be compared respectively with each standard course of solving questions；Such as
Fruit user course of solving questions is identical with either standard course of solving questions, then judges that solving a problem for the user is correct；If user's course of solving questions
Differed with either standard course of solving questions, user's course of solving questions is matched with some standard course of solving questions, obtained similar
At least one specific criteria course of solving questions of highest is spent, user's course of solving questions is compared with the specific criteria course of solving questions；
User's course of solving questions includes some data item, and specific criteria course of solving questions includes some data item, by each of user's course of solving questions
Individual data item and each data item of specific criteria course of solving questions are compared successively, if finding different data item, then it is assumed that
Problem be present in the step that user solves a problem；
It is described not grasp knowledge point acquisition module to find user's step of problems according to the course of solving questions comparing module
Suddenly, the knowledge point involved by the step and from the routing database of solving a problem is obtained, is not slapped the knowledge point as corresponding user
The knowledge point held；
After the completion of the skill and ability database in user to solve a problem, according to the customized algorithm Calculation Estimation user of system
The a series of knowledge expertise and the grasp situation of correct solution approach reflected in course of solving questions, and combine system and remember
The user of record solves a problem for the history of the topic of same type and situation dynamic generation and preserves system for the user for technical ability
Ability is evaluated and tested.Skill and ability carries out a directly perceived and amount to the skill and ability height reflected to user in course of solving questions
The description of change.
2. a kind of tutoring system based on thought process, it is characterised in that the tutoring system includes：Condition database, derivation
Database, findings data storehouse, index data base, standard course of solving questions acquisition module, user's course of solving questions acquisition module, solution
Topic process comparing module；
Condition database is storing the condition data of each topic；
Derivation database is storing the derivation data of each topic；
Findings data storehouse is storing the findings data of each topic；
Index data base indexes for other Databases, for lifting the efficiency of data query；
Standard course of solving questions acquisition module is obtaining each course of solving questions of each topic；
User's course of solving questions acquisition module is obtaining the course of solving questions of user；
Course of solving questions comparing module is the course of solving questions of user to be compared with each standard course of solving questions；If user solves
Topic process is identical with either standard course of solving questions, then judges that solving a problem for the user is correct；If user's course of solving questions and any mark
Quasi- course of solving questions is differed, and user's course of solving questions is matched with some standard course of solving questions, obtains similarity highest
One specific criteria course of solving questions, user's course of solving questions is compared with the specific criteria course of solving questions；User's course of solving questions
Including some data item, specific criteria course of solving questions includes some data item, by each data item of user's course of solving questions and spy
The each data item for calibrating quasi- course of solving questions is compared successively, if finding different data item, then it is assumed that what user solved a problem should
Problem be present in step.
3. the tutoring system according to claim 2 based on thought process, it is characterised in that：
The tutoring system also includes：Fundamental figure information bank, plane geometry condition property storehouse, problem and derivation property data
Storehouse, exercise pictorial images storehouse, plane geometry exercise database, routing database of solving a problem；
The fundamental figure information bank to store include the description of fundamental figure, the property of fundamental figure, position feature, should
With program, application process, and the diagram of pre-cache fundamental figure；The application process includes adding line method；
The plane geometry condition property storehouse is storing whole plane geometry condition property；Stored by the way of succession, father
There is the general-purpose attribute of the condition property in node；The base class of top is " condition property " class, contains and known solves bar
General attribute and original method in part；
Described problem and derivation property data storehouse to storage problem and derive property；Problem and derivation property data storehouse are systems
The linguistic norm and feature interacted when being putd question to user, comprising fundamental figure feature, problem content, problem options,
The annotation of problem options, previous step, subsequent step, problem form；
The exercise pictorial images storehouse is storing the plane geometric figure by feature coding and data compression and add auxiliary
The data of index contour；Its major function is：The vector record format of graph data is converted into binary recording form, and with pressure
Contracting coded system stores Graphics/Image；Graphics/Image data can be carried out with various mathematic(al) manipulations and Digital Image Processing；Carry out
The various statistical analyses of Graphics/Image data；And output template and derivation property condition during boost line addition step；
The plane geometry exercise database is to memory plane geometry exercise and the figure used；The storage of plane geometry problem
Comprising " known conditions ", " solving condition " and three parts of figure, " known conditions ", " solving condition " are from " plane
Geometrical condition property storehouse ", figure come from " boost line image library "；So that each condition property can turn into and can be derived
The application conditions of judgement, each figure also turn into the graph image that dynamic is clicked on and operated；
It is described to solve a problem routing database to store the thinking road of solving a problem for the exercise that prestored in all " plane geometry exercise databases "
Footpath template；This database is expertise database, by being inputted after expert's predefined；Every one of plane geometry problem contains
How many kinds of solution, then fully enter the basis for estimation derived into database as thinking；The routing database of solving a problem also is deposited
Store up and knowledge point involved by step is corresponded in each standard course of solving questions, the topic involved by the knowledge point；
The course of solving questions comparing module is the course of solving questions of user to be compared respectively with each standard course of solving questions；Such as
Fruit user course of solving questions is identical with either standard course of solving questions, then judges that solving a problem for the user is correct；If user's course of solving questions
Differed with either standard course of solving questions, user's course of solving questions is matched with some standard course of solving questions, obtained similar
At least one specific criteria course of solving questions of highest is spent, user's course of solving questions is compared with the specific criteria course of solving questions；
User's course of solving questions includes some data item, and specific criteria course of solving questions includes some data item, by each of user's course of solving questions
Individual data item and each data item of specific criteria course of solving questions are compared successively, if finding different data item, then it is assumed that
Problem be present in the step that user solves a problem.
4. the tutoring system according to claim 2 based on thought process, it is characterised in that：
The tutoring system also includes not grasping knowledge point acquisition module, and the knowledge point acquisition module of not grasping is to according to institute
State course of solving questions comparing module and find user's step of problems, and obtained from the routing database of solving a problem involved by the step
And knowledge point, the knowledge point that the knowledge point is not grasped as corresponding user.
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