CN107643260B - Wide-spectrum multi-parameter water quality monitoring system - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a wide-spectrum multi-parameter water quality monitoring system, which comprises a system control device, a wide-spectrum light source, a light path detection device, an electrical measurement device and a data processing and display device, wherein the system control device is used for controlling the system control device; the emergent light of the broad spectrum light source is incident to the electrical measuring device through the water body to be measured in the light path detecting device to form a test light path; the emergent light of the broad spectrum light source is incident to the electrical measurement device through the standard water body in the light path detection device to form a reference light path; the electrical measurement device converts the test light path and the reference light path into a test electric signal and a reference electric signal; the data processing and displaying device obtains parameters to be measured and the concentration of the parameters to be measured in the water body to be measured according to the test electric signals and the reference electric signals and displays the parameters to be measured; the system control device is respectively connected with the broad spectrum light source, the electrical measurement device and the data processing and displaying device in a control mode.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a water quality monitoring system, in particular to a wide-spectrum multi-parameter water quality monitoring system.
Background
The water is a life source, the quality of the water is closely related to industrial and agricultural production safety and human health, and the judgment, prediction and detection of the quality of the water depend on a water quality detection technology. Traditional water quality detection equipment can detect water quality parameters, but generally only measures single parameters, has poor timeliness, is not beneficial to data integration, and increases detection cost.
In recent years, as one of the water quality detection technologies of spectral analysis, the ultraviolet-visible light absorption spectrometry not only abandons the defects of complex pretreatment, long measurement period and more chemical reagents in water sample pretreatment, but also has the advantages of high detection speed, low cost, on-line and in-situ measurement and the like in the water quality detection technologies of chemical analysis, electrochemical analysis, chromatographic analysis and the like. However, this measurement technique is monopolized abroad and the product is expensive. The domestic research and development water quality analysis prototype has the problems of single water quality detection parameters, light source and light path, and poor stability and repeatability of the photoelectric conversion part.
In order to solve the above problems, an ideal technical solution is always sought.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at overcoming the defects of the prior art, and provides a wide-spectrum multi-parameter water quality monitoring system with scientific design, strong practicability and reliable detection quality.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a broad spectrum multiparameter water quality monitoring system comprises a system control device, a broad spectrum light source, a light path detection device, an electrical measurement device, a data processing and display device;
the emergent light of the broad spectrum light source is incident to the electrical measuring device through the water body to be measured in the light path detecting device to form a test light path;
the emergent light of the broad spectrum light source is incident to the electrical measurement device through the standard water body in the light path detection device to form a reference light path;
the electrical measurement device is used for converting the test light path and the reference light path into a test electric signal and a reference electric signal;
The data processing and displaying device obtains parameters to be measured and the concentration of the parameters to be measured in the water body to be measured according to the test electric signals and the reference electric signals and displays the parameters to be measured;
The system control device is respectively connected with the broad spectrum light source, the electrical measurement device and the data processing and displaying device in a control mode.
Based on the above, the optical path detecting device includes a transmitting and receiving unit, a reacting unit and a reflecting unit;
The transmitting and receiving unit comprises an optical splitter and an optical receiver;
The reaction unit comprises a sample pool filled with a water body to be detected and a reference pool filled with a standard water body, and both ends of the sample pool and the reference pool are provided with light-transmitting windows;
The reflecting unit comprises reflecting devices which are respectively arranged corresponding to the light-transmitting window of the sample Chi Yiduan and the light-transmitting window at one end of the reference cell;
the emergent light of the broad spectrum light source is divided into two paths of emergent light after passing through the beam splitter;
after one path of emergent light enters the sample cell for reaction, the emergent light is reflected back to the sample cell for reaction by the reflecting device, and then an incident end of the light receiver is received to form a measuring light path;
after the other Lu Chushe light enters the reference pool for reaction, the light is reflected back to the reference pool for reaction by the reflecting device, and then the other incident end of the light receiver is received to form a reference light path.
Based on the above, the transmitting and receiving unit further includes a first collimating lens and a third collimating lens which are disposed corresponding to two outgoing ends of the beam splitter, and a third collimating lens and a fourth collimating lens which are disposed corresponding to two incoming ends of the light receiver.
Based on the above, the beam splitter is a Y-type optical fiber;
The optical receiver comprises a first incident optical fiber, a second incident optical fiber, an optical path change-over switch and an emergent optical fiber, wherein the optical path change-over switch controls the first incident optical fiber and the second incident optical fiber to be alternately connected with the emergent optical fiber, and the test optical path or the reference optical path is alternately communicated with the electrical measurement device.
Based on the above, the reflecting device comprises a test light path reflecting device and a reference light path reflecting device, the test light path reflecting device comprises a first total reflecting mirror and a second total reflecting mirror which are correspondingly arranged, and the reference light path reflecting device comprises a third total reflecting mirror and a fourth total reflecting mirror which are correspondingly arranged.
Based on the above, photodiode detectors are provided in both the sample cell and the reference cell.
Based on the above, the electrical measurement device comprises a field programmable gate array FPGA, a photoelectric detector, a driving circuit, a buffer, an A/D conversion circuit and a RAM memory chip,
The Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) is used for generating a time sequence signal of the driving circuit and a read-write control signal of the RAM memory chip;
the driving circuit drives the photoelectric detector to convert the test light path and the reference light path into a test electric signal and a reference electric signal under the action of the time sequence signal;
The buffer is used for carrying out impedance matching and signal conditioning on the test electric signal and the reference electric signal so as to convert the test electric signal and the reference electric signal into applicable signals of the A/D conversion circuit;
The A/D conversion circuit converts the test electrical signal and the reference electrical signal into digital signals and stores the digital signals in the RAM memory chip.
Based on the above, the broad spectrum light source comprises a pulse xenon lamp connected with the system control device.
Based on the above, the system further comprises a positioning module for positioning the geographic position of the broad spectrum multi-parameter water quality monitoring system.
Based on the above, the system further comprises a data transmission module, wherein the data transmission module is used for sending the geographic position of the broad spectrum multi-parameter water quality monitoring system, the parameters to be measured in the water body to be measured and the concentration of the parameters to be measured to the cloud server.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has outstanding substantive characteristics and obvious progress, and particularly, the invention adopts the lambert-beer law to directly measure the water quality parameters, has high detection speed, does not need chemical reagents, can avoid secondary pollution to water quality, adopts a broad spectrum composite light source as incident light, can realize simultaneous measurement of a plurality of water quality parameters by detecting scattering signals and transmission signals interacted with substances in the water body to be measured, and realizes comprehensive, real-time, rapid and accurate measurement of the overall quality condition and various parameter change conditions of the water quality.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a functional block diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the optical path detecting device of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic block diagram of an electrical measurement device of the present invention.
1. A broad spectrum light source; 2.Y type optical fiber; 3. a first incident optical fiber; 4. a second incident optical fiber; 5. a first collimating lens; 6. a second collimating lens; 7. a third collimating lens; 8. a fourth collimating lens; 9. a light-transmitting window; 10. a sample cell; 11. a reference cell; 12. a first total reflection mirror; 13. a second total reflection mirror; 14. a third total reflection mirror; 15. a fourth total reflection mirror; 16. an exit optical fiber; 17. an optical path change-over switch; 18. a photodiode detector.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further described in detail through the following specific embodiments.
The water body to be measured contains various pollutants, and the absorption degree and scattering degree of different pollutants on light are different, see lambert-beer law:
Wherein A is absorbance, I 0 is incident light intensity, I is transmitted light intensity, T is transmissivity, epsilon is molar absorptivity, which is a constant for a certain compound under a certain wavelength, and can measure the absorption degree of a tested substance on light, b is absorption optical path, and c is concentration of light absorbing substance. Because the pollution parameters with different concentrations correspond to different scattering signals and transmission signals, the pollution parameters can be quantitatively analyzed through the signal intensities of the scattering signals and the transmission signals, different algorithms are set through the acquired specific relations between different signals and water quality components, and the concentration of each pollution parameter in the water body to be measured is converted without depending on chemical reaction.
According to the principle, as shown in fig. 1, the invention provides a broad spectrum multi-parameter water quality monitoring system, which comprises a system control device, a broad spectrum light source 1, a light path detection device, an electrical measurement device and a data processing and display device.
Specifically, the broad spectrum light source 1 comprises a pulse xenon lamp connected with the system control device, and preferably, the pulse xenon lamp is an L13651-01 light source module of HAMAMATSU company; the broad spectrum light source also comprises a peripheral circuit, wherein the peripheral circuit comprises a power supply with a direct current voltage of 11-28V, a pulse trigger signal with a direct current voltage of 4.5-5.5V and a reference voltage with a direct current voltage of 3.2-4.8V. The peripheral circuit is connected with the system control device, the pulse xenon lamp is driven to emit emergent light under the control of the system control device, the frequency band of the emergent light comprises ultraviolet light, visible light and infrared light, and the wavelength of the emergent light is 185-2000nm.
The system control device is respectively connected with the broad spectrum light source, the electrical measurement device and the data processing and displaying device in a control way; specifically, the system control device uses a micro control unit MCU to generate a light source pulse driving signal, a measurement control signal, a data display signal and a processing control signal, which are respectively used for driving the broad spectrum light source 1 to emit emergent light, controlling the measurement of the electrical measurement device and controlling the processing and display of the data processing and display device, and preferably, the chip model of the micro control unit MCU is STM32F103VET6. Because the characteristic wavelengths of the absorption spectra of different substances are different, the wider the spectrum used, the more wavelengths can be used, and the more substances to be detected are corresponding.
The measuring flow of the invention is as follows: the emergent light of the broad spectrum light source 1 is converted into a test light path through a water body to be tested in the light path detection device and is incident to the electrical measurement device; the emergent light of the broad spectrum light source is converted into a reference light path through a standard water body in the light path detection device and is incident to the electrical measurement device; the electrical measurement device converts the test light path and the reference light path into a test electrical signal and a reference electrical signal; and the data processing and displaying device obtains the parameters to be measured and the concentration of the parameters to be measured in the water body to be measured according to the test electric signals and the reference electric signals and displays the parameters to be measured.
Specifically, the reference electric signal is used as compensation correction data, and the type and concentration of parameters in the water body to be measured are obtained according to the difference between the test electric signal and the reference electric signal. The water body to be measured contains various parameters to be measured, the characteristic wavelengths of different parameters to be measured are different, the absorption degree and the scattering degree of light are different, and the test electric signals corresponding to the different parameters to be measured reflected on the electric signals are changed to different degrees relative to the reference electric signals, so that the types of the parameters to be measured can be determined according to the changed test electric signals; and then determining the concentration of the parameter to be measured according to the attenuation degree of the signal intensity of the test electric signal relative to the reference electric signal.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the optical path detecting device includes a transmitting and receiving unit, a reaction unit and a reflecting unit; the transmitting and receiving unit comprises an optical splitter and an optical receiver; the reaction unit comprises a sample pool 10 filled with a water body to be detected and a reference pool 11 filled with a standard water body, wherein light-transmitting windows 9 are arranged at two ends of the sample pool 10 and the reference pool 11; the reflecting unit comprises reflecting devices which are respectively arranged corresponding to the light-transmitting window 9 at one end of the sample cell 10 and the light-transmitting window 9 at one end of the reference cell 11;
the emergent light of the broad spectrum light source is divided into two paths of emergent light after passing through the beam splitter; after one path of emergent light enters the sample cell 10 for reaction, the emergent light is reflected back to the sample cell 10 for reaction by the reflecting device, and then one incident end of the light receiver is received to form a measuring light path; after the other Lu Chushe light enters the reference cell 11 for reaction, the light is reflected back to the reference cell 11 for reaction by the reflecting device, and then the other incident end of the light receiver is received to form a reference light path.
Preferably, the transmitting and receiving unit further includes a first collimating lens 5 and a third collimating lens 7 disposed corresponding to two outgoing ends of the beam splitter, and a second collimating lens 6 and a fourth collimating lens 8 disposed corresponding to two incoming ends of the light receiver.
Specifically, the beam splitter is a Y-type optical fiber 2; the optical receiver comprises a first incident optical fiber 3, a second incident optical fiber 4, an optical path switching switch 17 and an emergent optical fiber 16, wherein the optical path switching switch 17 controls the first incident optical fiber 3 and the second incident optical fiber 4 to be alternately connected with the emergent optical fiber 16, and the test optical path or the reference optical path is alternately connected with the electrical measuring device.
Specifically, the reflecting device includes a test light path reflecting device and a reference light path reflecting device, the test light path reflecting device includes a first total reflecting mirror 12 and a second total reflecting mirror 13 which are correspondingly arranged, and the reference light path reflecting device includes a third total reflecting mirror 14 and a fourth total reflecting mirror 15 which are correspondingly arranged.
Further, the sample cell 10 and the reference cell 11 are each provided with a photodiode detector, and the photodiode detector 18 is configured to measure scattered light perpendicular to the measurement light path or the reference light path and send the scattered light to the electrical measurement device.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 3, the electrical measurement device comprises a field programmable gate array FPGA, a photodetector, a driving circuit, a buffer, an a/D conversion circuit and a RAM memory chip,
The FPGA is used for generating a time sequence signal of the driving circuit and a read-write control signal of the RAM memory chip, and preferably, the type of the FPGA chip is EP2C8Q208C8N;
The driving circuit drives the photoelectric detector to convert the test light path and the reference light path into a test electric signal and a reference electric signal under the action of the time sequence signal; preferably, the driving circuit chip is 74HC541;
the photoelectric detector adopts an S11639-01 type complementary CMOS type detector of HAMAMATSU company, the complementary CMOS type detector only needs to input a Clk clock signal, an ST pulse starting signal and a configuration related power supply, and the output Clk_trig signal can be used for controlling ADC sampling;
The buffer is used for carrying out impedance matching and signal conditioning on the test electric signal and the reference electric signal so as to convert the test electric signal and the reference electric signal into applicable signals of the A/D conversion circuit;
The A/D conversion circuit converts the test electric signal and the reference electric signal into digital signals and stores the digital signals in the RAM memory chip;
Preferably, the buffer circuit chip model is LT1818; the type of the A/D conversion circuit chip is AD9235, 12-bit parallel output is adopted, the highest sampling rate is 20MHz, the conversion error is +/-0.4 LSB, and 3V single power supply is adopted for power supply; the type of the RAM chip IS IS61LV3216L, the access time IS 10-20ns, the storage space IS 512K, the RAM chip IS a CMOS type static RAM, the typical power consumption in the working process IS 130mW, and the power consumption in the standby process IS only 150 mu W.
Specifically, the broad spectrum multi-parameter water quality monitoring system further comprises a positioning module and a data transmission module, wherein the positioning module is used for positioning the geographic position of the broad spectrum multi-parameter water quality monitoring system, and the data transmission module is used for sending the geographic position of the broad spectrum multi-parameter water quality monitoring system, the parameters to be measured in the water body to be measured and the concentration of the parameters to be measured to a cloud server for remote operation of a user.
Finally, it should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are only for illustrating the technical scheme of the present invention and are not limiting; while the invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art will appreciate that: modifications may be made to the specific embodiments of the present invention or equivalents may be substituted for part of the technical features thereof; without departing from the spirit of the invention, it is intended to cover the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (6)
1. A broad spectrum multiparameter water quality monitoring system is characterized in that: the system comprises a system control device, a broad spectrum light source, a light path detection device, an electrical measurement device and a data processing and display device; the wide spectrum light source comprises a pulse xenon lamp connected with the system control device, and the pulse xenon lamp is an L13651-01 light source module;
the emergent light of the broad spectrum light source is incident to the electrical measuring device through the water body to be measured in the light path detecting device to form a test light path;
the emergent light of the broad spectrum light source is incident to the electrical measurement device through the standard water body in the light path detection device to form a reference light path;
the electrical measurement device is used for converting the test light path and the reference light path into a test electric signal and a reference electric signal;
The data processing and displaying device obtains parameters to be measured and the concentration of the parameters to be measured in the water body to be measured according to the test electric signals and the reference electric signals and displays the parameters to be measured;
The system control device is respectively connected with the broad spectrum light source, the electrical measurement device and the data processing and displaying device in a control way;
the light path detection device comprises a transmitting and receiving unit, a reaction unit and a reflecting unit;
The transmitting and receiving unit comprises an optical splitter and an optical receiver; the beam splitter is a Y-shaped optical fiber; the optical receiver comprises a first incident optical fiber, a second incident optical fiber, an optical path change-over switch and an emergent optical fiber, wherein the optical path change-over switch controls the first incident optical fiber and the second incident optical fiber to be alternately connected with the emergent optical fiber, and the test optical path or the reference optical path is alternately communicated with the electrical measurement device;
The reaction unit comprises a sample pool filled with a water body to be detected and a reference pool filled with a standard water body, and both ends of the sample pool and the reference pool are provided with light-transmitting windows;
The reflecting unit comprises reflecting devices which are respectively arranged corresponding to the light-transmitting window of the sample Chi Yiduan and the light-transmitting window at one end of the reference cell;
the emergent light of the broad spectrum light source is divided into two paths of emergent light after passing through the beam splitter;
after one path of emergent light enters the sample cell for reaction, the emergent light is reflected back to the sample cell for reaction by the reflecting device, and then an incident end of the light receiver is received to form a measuring light path;
After the other Lu Chushe light enters the reference cell for reaction, the light is reflected back to the reference cell for reaction by the reflecting device, and then the other incident end of the light receiver is received to form a reference light path;
And photodiode detectors are arranged in the sample cell and the reference cell, and are used for measuring scattered light perpendicular to the measuring light path or the reference light path and transmitting the scattered light to the electrical measuring device.
2. The broad spectrum multiparameter water quality monitoring system of claim 1, wherein: the transmitting and receiving unit further comprises a first collimating lens and a third collimating lens which are arranged corresponding to the two outgoing ends of the beam splitter, and a third collimating lens and a fourth collimating lens which are arranged corresponding to the two incoming ends of the light receiver.
3. The broad spectrum multiparameter water quality monitoring system of claim 1, wherein: the reflecting device comprises a test light path reflecting device and a reference light path reflecting device, the test light path reflecting device comprises a first total reflecting mirror and a second total reflecting mirror which are correspondingly arranged, and the reference light path reflecting device comprises a third total reflecting mirror and a fourth total reflecting mirror which are correspondingly arranged.
4. The broad spectrum multiparameter water quality monitoring system of claim 1, wherein: the electrical measuring device comprises a field programmable gate array FPGA, a photoelectric detector, a driving circuit, a buffer, an A/D conversion circuit and a RAM memory chip,
The Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) is used for generating a time sequence signal of the driving circuit and a read-write control signal of the RAM memory chip;
the driving circuit drives the photoelectric detector to convert the test light path and the reference light path into a test electric signal and a reference electric signal under the action of the time sequence signal;
The buffer is used for carrying out impedance matching and signal conditioning on the test electric signal and the reference electric signal so as to convert the test electric signal and the reference electric signal into applicable signals of the A/D conversion circuit;
The A/D conversion circuit converts the test electrical signal and the reference electrical signal into digital signals and stores the digital signals in the RAM memory chip.
5. The broad spectrum multiparameter water quality monitoring system of claim 1, wherein: the system also comprises a positioning module for positioning the geographic position of the broad spectrum multi-parameter water quality monitoring system.
6. The broad spectrum multiparameter water quality monitoring system of claim 5, wherein: the system comprises a cloud server, a wide spectrum multi-parameter water quality monitoring system, a data transmission module and a cloud server, wherein the data transmission module is used for transmitting the geographic position of the wide spectrum multi-parameter water quality monitoring system, parameters to be measured in a water body to be measured and the concentration of the parameters to be measured to the cloud server.
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| CN109187380B (en) * | 2018-07-25 | 2021-03-02 | 北京农业智能装备技术研究中心 | Water quality detector, water pollution emission source monitoring system and method |
| CN109115697A (en) * | 2018-09-30 | 2019-01-01 | 杭州电子科技大学 | A kind of multi-parameter water-quality on-Line Monitor Device of aggregate optical probe |
| CN111272671A (en) * | 2020-02-26 | 2020-06-12 | 上海锆仪电子科技有限公司 | Automatic wavelength selection water quality detection system |
| CN111678869A (en) * | 2020-05-29 | 2020-09-18 | 山东省科学院海洋仪器仪表研究所 | Water quality ecological parameter detection device and detection method |
| CN114166769B (en) * | 2021-11-12 | 2024-04-02 | 汉威科技集团股份有限公司 | Ultraviolet-visible spectrum water quality multi-parameter monitoring system |
| CN115791642A (en) * | 2022-11-17 | 2023-03-14 | 浙江西热利华智能传感技术有限公司 | Photoelectric conversion system and method |
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