CN107638819B - Micro-continuous feeding device for mixed fuel - Google Patents

Micro-continuous feeding device for mixed fuel Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107638819B
CN107638819B CN201710942295.8A CN201710942295A CN107638819B CN 107638819 B CN107638819 B CN 107638819B CN 201710942295 A CN201710942295 A CN 201710942295A CN 107638819 B CN107638819 B CN 107638819B
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bin
mixing
stage
storage bin
feeding
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CN107638819A (en
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王长安
朱涛
赵磊
张锦萍
王鹏乾
车得福
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Xian Jiaotong University
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Xian Jiaotong University
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Abstract

The invention relates to a micro continuous feeding device for mixed fuel, which comprises a feeding system and a material mixing system. The feeding system comprises two-stage bins, a driving device, a control device and the like, wherein the volume of the first-stage bin is large, a material source is provided for the second-stage bin, the volume of the second-stage bin is small, the materials are continuously output under the action of loose air, and continuous feeding is realized under the combined action of gravity and high-speed airflow entrainment of a venturi tube. When the position of the regulating valve, the height of the material and the flow rate of the conveying wind are fixed, the blanking amount of the secondary storage bin is a fixed value, and then the rotating speed of the stepping motor is controlled by the PID to maintain the constant material level, so that accurate feeding is realized. The two kinds of materials are tangential under the effect of conveying wind and are sent into the mixing system, and the mixing system comprises two stages of mixing bins, and the twice mixing improves the uniform mixing degree of the materials. The invention can realize continuous and accurate micro feeding, can realize long-time uniform mixing feeding of various materials, and has the advantage of flexible adjustment of material ratio in the working process.

Description

Micro-continuous feeding device for mixed fuel
Technical Field
The invention relates to a micro-continuous feeding device for mixed fuel, which can realize continuous accurate supply and high mixing of various materials and is mainly applied to the technical field of combustion and material conveying of solid fuels such as pulverized coal, gasified semicoke and the like.
Background
When combustion tests of pulverized coal, gasified semicoke and the like are carried out in a laboratory, the materials need to be carried into a combustion experimental device through gas, the particle diameter ratio of the materials is smaller and is generally about 100 mu m, and the feeding rate required in the combustion tests is very low, and some feeding rates are even lower than 0.2g/min, so that how to realize accurate, continuous and stable feeding is of great importance to the smooth progress of the whole experiment.
The existing feeding device is of a screw rod type, a propelling type, a fluidization type and the like, and Chinese patent 201110134050.5 proposes a continuous feeding device of fluidization, which has the advantages that the volume of a material bin is small, long-time continuous feeding cannot be realized, the particle size of the material is generally limited, and feeding cannot be realized when the particle size of the material is larger, so that the device is only suitable for short-time feeding with small particle size. The push type feeding device utilizes the matching of the motor and the screw rod, controls the displacement of the screw rod by controlling the rotating speed of the motor, and realizes accurate feeding, but the device has the problems of relatively limited volume of pulverized coal extrusion and a storage bin and the like, and limits the long-time continuous feeding of the pulverized coal extrusion and the storage bin. The screw rod formula feeder uses most in the laboratory, and the screw rod formula feeder passes through the motor and drives the screw rod rotatory, and is terminal with material propelling movement to the screw rod through the thread clearance, and the device takes place the material easily and ties shortcomings such as hunch, unloading unstability, when the feed bin material level changes, also can lead to the inhomogeneous problem of blanking moreover.
When combustion experiments are carried out in a laboratory, the mixed combustion characteristics of different fuels are often researched, sometimes, the influence of additives on the combustion characteristics of the fuels is also researched, the previous method is to uniformly premix the different fuels and then feed the fuels by adopting a single material feeding mode, however, the premixed fuels usually leave a certain margin, so that the residual waste of the fuels is caused, and in addition, the method also has the defect that the fuel proportion cannot be adjusted in real time in the experimental process.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a micro continuous feeding device for mixed fuel. The device can effectively improve the inaccurate problem of blanking that spiral feeder exists, can realize the accurate mixed feed of different proportion materials moreover.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a mixed fuel micro-continuous feeding device comprises a feeding system and a material mixing system, wherein the feeding system comprises a primary bin, a rotating mechanism, a secondary bin, a Venturi tube, a piezoelectric type material level sensor and a PID (proportion integration differentiation) controller; the material mixing system comprises a first-stage mixing bin and a second-stage mixing bin; wherein,
the discharge port of the first-stage storage bin is communicated to the feed port of the second-stage storage bin through a pipeline, and the rotating mechanism is arranged in the pipeline and used for pushing pulverized coal falling from the first-stage storage bin to enter the second-stage storage bin; the discharge port of the secondary bin is communicated with the throat part of the venturi tube, one end of the venturi tube is an air inlet, the other end of the venturi tube is communicated with the feed inlet of the primary mixing bin, and the piezoelectric type material level sensor is arranged above the secondary bin and used for outputting a material level signal to enter a PID regulator for deviation regulation and controlling the propelling speed of the rotating mechanism through outputting a rotating speed signal;
the discharge hole of the first-stage mixing bin is communicated to the feed inlet of the second-stage mixing bin.
The invention is further improved in that the rotating mechanism comprises a spiral spring arranged in a pipeline between a discharge port of the first-stage storage bin and a feed port of the second-stage storage bin, and a stepping motor arranged outside the pipeline and used for driving the spiral spring, wherein the PID regulator outputs a rotating speed signal to control the rotating speed of the stepping motor to adjust, and further, the material quantity entering the second-stage storage bin is adjusted to keep the material level constant.
The feeding system is further improved in that the feeding system further comprises a vibration motor and a primary loosening air pipe, the vibration motor is arranged on the outer wall of the primary storage bin, a loosening air port is formed in the side wall of the primary storage bin, and the primary loosening air pipe is arranged at the loosening air port to ensure that pulverized coal is smoothly output to the storage bin.
The feeding system further comprises a secondary loose air pipe, a loose air port is formed in the side wall of the secondary storage bin, and the secondary loose air pipe is arranged at the loose air port to ensure that pulverized coal is smoothly output to the storage bin.
The invention is further improved in that the feeding system also comprises a regulating valve which penetrates through the conveying pipe and is arranged in the secondary storage bin.
The invention is further improved in that the bottom of the regulating valve is provided with a scale used for calibrating the opening of the regulating valve.
The invention has the further improvement that a ball valve is arranged on a feed inlet pipeline which is communicated with the primary mixing bin at the other end of the Venturi tube.
The invention is further improved in that the material mixing system further comprises a blunt body arranged in the secondary mixing bin and used for realizing material diversion.
The invention has the further improvement that the side wall of the secondary mixing bin is also provided with a mixing air pipe with an upward inclined opening, and the air-mixing inlet of the mixing air pipe is arranged below the blunt body.
A further development of the invention is that the feed system is provided in two sets.
The invention has the following advantages:
the invention provides a micro-continuous feeding device for mixed fuel, which comprises a feeding system and a material mixing system, wherein the feeding system comprises a two-stage bin, a stepping motor, a vibration motor, a Venturi tube, a spiral spring, an adjusting valve and the like. The pulverized coal falls in the first-level bin, the rotating mechanism consisting of the stepping motor and the spiral spring pushes the pulverized coal to enter the second-level bin, the pulverized coal enters the conveying pipe under the combined action of loosening wind, gravity and entrainment of high-speed low-pressure airflow in the Venturi tube, and the opening of the valve is adjusted to control the outflow rate of the materials. In order to ensure that the pulverized coal is not arched, the primary bin is provided with a vibrating motor and a loosening air port, and the secondary bin is provided with a loosening air port so as to ensure that the pulverized coal is smoothly output out of the bins. The conveying pipe is designed into a Venturi tube at the outlet of the secondary storage bin, so that the flow speed of conveying air is increased, the pressure is reduced, and pulverized coal can enter the conveying pipe.
The rotating speeds of the stepping motor and the spiral spring are controlled by a feedback control system, the piezoelectric type material level sensor is arranged in the secondary material bin, a material level signal is monitored and transmitted to the PID regulator, and the rotating speed of the stepping motor is further regulated. When the opening of the adjusting valve, the height of the material and the conveying wind speed are unchanged, the material quantity of the output secondary bin is at a fixed value in unit time, when the material output rate of the secondary bin is greater than the input rate, the height of the material level is reduced, the material sensor receives a material level signal and transmits the material level signal to the PID adjuster, the adjuster sends a signal to enable the stepping motor to increase the rotating speed, and the material input rate of the secondary bin is increased until the material level is restored to the set value.
Then, each branch material enters a mixing system, the mixing system comprises two stages of mixing bins, the bin bodies are arranged up and down, the upper part of the first stage mixing bin is cylindrical, two feed inlets are tangent to the two side wall surfaces of the cylinder to form a rotating flow field to realize intensive mixing, and the lower part of the first stage mixing bin is an inverted cone-shaped outlet to convey the materials into the second stage mixing bin. The second grade mixes the storehouse for square cavity, built-in conical blunt body to realize the material reposition of redundant personnel, the gas mixture entry is in blunt body below, and is parallel with the conical outlet wall of lower part, and the hedging is admitted air and is realized the secondary mixing of material in the exit.
Furthermore, the first-level bin outlet and the second-level bin outlet are both provided with loosening air to enable the materials to be continuously output, the first-level bin is large in volume, and the vibration motor is additionally arranged to further avoid material arching so as to guarantee smooth material output.
Furthermore, the PID is adopted to adjust and accurately control the material height of the secondary material bin, so that the material output speed of the outlet of the secondary material bin is kept constant, and the dynamic balance of the input and output materials of the secondary material bin is realized.
Furthermore, each branch feeding system comprises two stages of bins, the volume of the first-stage bin is large, the branch feeding system has a material storage function, coarse adjustment of feeding amount is achieved, the volume of the second-stage bin is small, and accurate feeding can be achieved when the material level height, the opening degree of the adjusting valve and the conveying wind speed are fixed.
Furthermore, each feeding branch is provided with a ball valve before being connected into the first-level mixing bin, so that the feeding channel of the branch is opened and closed, and the branch can be calibrated independently and the commissioning quantity can be managed conveniently.
Furthermore, the device has two sets of parallel feeding systems, can realize the mixed feeding of materials with different properties, and respectively controls the feeding rates of different branches by adjusting the opening of the adjusting valves of the different branches, thereby realizing the accurate control of the mixing proportion of different materials.
In summary, the invention adopts a mode of combining two-stage feeding bins, feedback control and two-stage mixing bins, can realize accurate feeding of single material and uniform mixing of multiple materials, and has the following advantages compared with the existing feeder:
1. the storage bin has large volume, can realize long-time uninterrupted continuous feeding, and avoids the trouble caused by the disassembly and assembly of system fillers in the experimental process.
2. The two-stage bin is adopted for feeding, the problem of inaccurate blanking of the screw feeder can be solved by the two-stage bin, and accurate feeding is realized under the combined action of the adjusting valve, the loosening air and the PID control material level.
3. By utilizing the vibration effect of the vibration motor, powder particles can be prevented from arching in the storage bin.
4. Different materials can be mixed and fed according to the requirement in any proportion, the material proportion can be adjusted in the experimental process, and the waste caused by excessive premixing of the materials in advance is avoided.
5. The two-stage mixing bin is adopted, so that the materials can be mixed twice, and the uniform mixing degree of the materials is improved as much as possible.
6. The stepping motor is adopted for driving, the rotating speed is stable, the speed regulating range is wide, stable operation can be realized at a low rotating speed, and the feeding accuracy is ensured.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a mixed fuel micro-continuous feeding device provided by the invention. In the figure: 1 is the one-level feed bin, 2 is vibrating motor, 3 is the not hard up tuber pipe of one-level, 4 is step motor, 5 is coil spring, 6 is flange, 7 is the PID regulator, 8 is the second grade feed bin, 9 is the not hard up tuber pipe of second grade, 10 is venturi, 11 is piezoelectric type level sensor, 12 is the ball valve, 13 is the one-level storehouse of mixing, 14 is adjusting valve, 15 is the scale, 16 is the gas mixture pipe, 17 is the second grade storehouse of mixing, 18 is the blunt body.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the micro continuous feeding device for mixed fuel provided by the invention comprises a feeding system consisting of a primary storage bin 1, a vibration motor 2, a primary loosening air pipe 3, a stepping motor 4, a spiral spring 5, a secondary storage bin 8, a secondary loosening air pipe 9, a venturi tube 10, an adjusting valve 14, a scale 15, a piezoelectric type material level sensor 11, a PID controller 7 and a ball valve 12; and a material mixing system consisting of a primary mixing bin 13, a secondary mixing bin 17, a mixing air pipe 16 and a blunt body 18.
The first-stage loose air pipes 3 are divided into two layers along the storage bin, and four layers are uniformly distributed on each layer along the circumferential direction of the first-stage storage bin 1; the stepping motor 4 rotates under the action of a driver and a controller, the output end of the stepping motor 4 is connected with the spiral spring 5, the spiral spring 5 and the output end of the stepping motor 4 are fixedly welded, and the first-grade bin and the second-grade bin are connected by the connecting flange 6, so that the dismounting and the cleaning are convenient; the piezoelectric type material level sensor 11 is arranged on the inner wall of the secondary storage bin 8, the secondary loosening air pipe 9 and the primary loosening air pipe 3 are arranged in the same way and are divided into two layers, four layers are uniformly distributed on each layer along the circumferential direction of the secondary storage bin 8, the outlet of the secondary storage bin 8 is connected with the throat part of the venturi tube 10, and the joint of the regulating valve 14 and the venturi tube 10 is sealed; the venturi tube 10 and the first-stage mixing bin 13 are disconnected by a ball valve 12, so that the branches are independent; the pipeline entering the first-stage mixing bin 13 is tangent to the bin wall, the second-stage mixing bin is fixed by welding, the bluff body 18 is in a triangular shape and is fixed in the second-stage mixing bin 17, and the included angle between the mixing air pipe 16 and the bin wall of the second-stage mixing bin 17 is the same as the cone angle of the conical outlet of the second-stage mixing bin 17.
Specifically, the feeding system comprises a rotating mechanism consisting of a stepping motor 4 and a spiral spring 5, the rotating mechanism is used for pushing pulverized coal falling from a primary storage bin 1 to enter a secondary storage bin 8, the primary storage bin and the secondary storage bin are connected through a flange 6 so as to be convenient to disassemble, assemble and clean, and the two-stage storage bins are provided with loose air ports so as to avoid material arching; the secondary bin 8 is provided with an adjusting valve 14 penetrating through a conveying pipe, the opening of the valve can be adjusted by the up-and-down movement of a correspondingly arranged adjusting rod, so that the feeding amount is adjusted, and the bottom of the adjusting valve 14 is provided with a scale 15 so as to calibrate the opening of the valve; a piezoelectric material level sensor 11 is arranged above the secondary material bin 8, a material level signal is output to enter a PID regulator 7 for deviation regulation, a rotating speed signal is output to control the stepping motor 4 to regulate the rotating speed, and the quantity of materials entering the secondary material bin 8 is further regulated to keep the material level constant; the material conveying pipe is designed into a Venturi tube 10 at the discharge opening of the secondary storage bin so as to realize the entrainment of materials by high-flow-rate and low-pressure strong airflow;
the mixing bin of the mixing system is divided into two stages, the two stages of mixing bins are arranged up and down, the upper part of the first-stage mixing bin 13 is cylindrical, two feed inlets are tangent to the two side wall surfaces of the cylinder to form a rotating flow field to realize intensive mixing, and the lower part is an inverted conical outlet to send materials into the second-stage mixing bin 17; the second grade mixes the storehouse for square cavity, embeds conical blunt body 18 to realize the material reposition of redundant personnel, the gas mixture entry is in blunt body below, and is parallel with the conical outlet wall of lower part, and the hedging is admitted air and is realized the secondary mixing of material in the exit.
The invention controls the height of the material level through the PID controller 7, adjusts the upper position and the lower position of the adjusting valve 14 to control the opening of the valve, and can realize accurate feeding when the height of the material level, the opening of the adjusting valve and the conveying wind speed are fixed.
The device has two sets of parallel feeding systems, can realize the mixed feeding of different properties material, through adjusting the adjusting valve 14 aperture of different branch roads, controls the feed rate of different branch roads respectively to realize the accurate control of different material mixing proportions.
Each feeding branch is provided with a ball valve 12 before being connected into the primary mixing bin 13, so that the opening and closing of the feeding channel of the branch are realized, and the independent calibration and the commissioning quantity control of the branch are facilitated.
Each branch feeding system comprises two stages of bins, the volume of the first-stage bin 1 is large, the branch feeding system has a material storage function, coarse adjustment of feeding amount is achieved, the volume of the second-stage bin 8 is small, and accurate feeding can be achieved when the material level height, the opening degree of the adjusting valve 14 and the conveying wind speed are fixed. In order to realize uniform blanking at the outlet of the secondary storage bin 8, a secondary loose air pipe 9 is arranged at the lower part of the storage bin to ensure that the materials are continuously output out of the storage bin.
The specific working process (taking coal powder and semicoke as examples) is as follows:
before starting the device, all parts of the device are ensured to be connected stably. Before experiment is given powder, at first mark the device, only open the ball valve of independent branch road and give powder to the branch road system and mark, record different scale scales that correspond under the powder rate of giving, all need sweep the system around demarcating to avoid remaining material to cause the influence to the experiment calibration result. After the completion of demarcation adjusting valve to the closed condition, add buggy and semicoke at the branch road feed bin respectively, confirm the mixing ratio of buggy and semicoke, open step motor and feedback control system, the regulator adopts PID regulation, compromise accuracy and quick adjustment, reduce the fluctuation among the accommodation process, start vibrating motor and to letting in gas in the system, slowly adjust adjusting valve to corresponding scale, can realize the different mixing ratio's of buggy and semicoke powder feeding, when screw feeder gives the powder on the time not, can cause the change of second grade feed bin material level, the PID regulator just can change screw feeder's the powder feeding rate this moment, adjust material level to initial value, in order to realize accurate feeding. In the process of feeding the powder, the wind speeds are kept constant, the change of the rotating speed of the stepping motor is also paid attention to, when the rotating speed of the stepping motor exceeds a certain limit value, the stepping motor is turned off, and whether the phenomena of arching and coal blockage of the primary storage bin occur or not is checked. After the feed, close PID regulator and step motor and can realize stopping the feed, should close each ball valve this moment, retrieve independent material, avoid causing the waste.
While the invention has been described in further detail with reference to specific preferred embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims (5)

1. A mixed fuel micro-continuous feeding device is characterized by comprising two feeding systems and a material mixing system, wherein each feeding system comprises a primary bin (1), a rotating mechanism, a secondary bin (8), a Venturi tube (10), a piezoelectric type material level sensor (11) and a PID controller (7); the material mixing system comprises a first-stage mixing bin (13) and a second-stage mixing bin (17); wherein,
a discharge hole of the first-stage storage bin (1) is communicated to a feed hole of the second-stage storage bin (8) through a pipeline, and the rotating mechanism is arranged in the pipeline and used for pushing coal powder falling from the first-stage storage bin (1) to enter the second-stage storage bin (8); a discharge hole of the secondary storage bin (8) is communicated to the throat part of the Venturi tube (10), one end of the Venturi tube (10) is an air inlet, the other end of the Venturi tube is communicated to a feed inlet of the primary mixing bin (13), and the piezoelectric type material level sensor (11) is arranged above the secondary storage bin (8) and used for outputting material level signals to enter the PID controller (7) for deviation adjustment and controlling the propelling speed of the rotating mechanism through outputting rotating speed signals;
the primary mixing bin (13) and the secondary mixing bin (17) are arranged up and down, the upper part of the primary mixing bin (13) is cylindrical, two feed inlets are tangent to the two side wall surfaces of the cylinder to form a rotary flow field to realize intensive mixing of air-powder mixtures, the lower part of the primary mixing bin is an inverted conical outlet to send materials into the secondary mixing bin (17), and the secondary mixing bin (17) is a square cavity;
the rotating mechanism comprises a spiral spring (5) arranged in a pipeline between a discharge hole of the first-stage storage bin (1) and a feed inlet of the second-stage storage bin (8), and a stepping motor (4) arranged outside the pipeline and used for driving the spiral spring (5), wherein a PID (proportion integration differentiation) controller (7) outputs a rotating speed signal to control the rotating speed of the stepping motor (4) to adjust, and then adjusts the amount of materials entering the second-stage storage bin (8) to keep the material level constant;
the feeding system also comprises a regulating valve (14) which penetrates through the material conveying pipe and is arranged on the secondary storage bin (8);
the material mixing system also comprises a blunt body (18) arranged in the secondary mixing bin (17), and the blunt body (18) is in a triangular shape and is used for realizing material shunting; the side wall of the second-stage mixing bin (17) is also provided with a mixed gas pipe (16) with an inclined opening, a gas mixing inlet of the mixed gas pipe (16) is arranged below the blunt body (18) and is parallel to the wall surface of the conical outlet at the lower part, and the materials are subjected to opposite-flushing gas inlet to realize secondary mixing at the outlet.
2. The micro-continuous feeding device for the mixed fuel according to claim 1, wherein the feeding system further comprises a vibration motor (2) and a first-stage loosening air pipe (3), the vibration motor (2) is arranged on the outer wall of the first-stage storage bin (1), a loosening air port is formed in the side wall of the first-stage storage bin (1), and the first-stage loosening air pipe (3) is arranged at the loosening air port to ensure that the pulverized coal is smoothly output out of the storage bin.
3. The micro-continuous feeding device of the mixed fuel according to claim 2, wherein the feeding system further comprises a secondary loosening air pipe (9), a loosening air port is formed in the side wall of the secondary storage bin (8), and the secondary loosening air pipe (9) is arranged at the loosening air port to ensure that the pulverized coal is smoothly output to the storage bin.
4. A micro-continuous feeding device of mixed fuel according to claim 1, characterized in that the bottom of the regulating valve (14) is provided with a scale (15) for calibrating the opening of the regulating valve (14).
5. The micro-continuous feeding device for the mixed fuel according to claim 1, wherein a ball valve (12) is arranged on a feeding port pipeline of the other end of the Venturi tube (10) communicated to the primary mixing bin (13).
CN201710942295.8A 2017-10-11 2017-10-11 Micro-continuous feeding device for mixed fuel Active CN107638819B (en)

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CN109305564B (en) * 2018-07-20 2021-05-07 北京林业大学 Pressure stabilizing-continuous pneumatic conveying feeding system for biomass thermal cracking
CN109012322A (en) * 2018-08-21 2018-12-18 王维春 A kind of animal husbandry thimerosal device for formulating
CN109847653B (en) * 2019-01-21 2020-10-27 西安交通大学 Mixed fuel pressurization continuous feeding system and method
CN110817480A (en) * 2019-09-25 2020-02-21 西安交通大学 Accurate feeding device suitable for long period operation test
CN112325308B (en) * 2020-11-20 2023-03-24 浙江蓝太能源工程有限公司 Stokehole fine feeding control method for melting device
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CN101575053A (en) * 2009-06-10 2009-11-11 煤炭科学研究总院 Pulse-free coal powder supply device

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB406233A (en) * 1932-10-14 1934-02-22 Georg Ornstein Apparatus for introducing gases or liquids into flowing gases or liquids
CN1053755A (en) * 1990-02-02 1991-08-14 比勒股份公司 The device of continuous mixing and homogenising
CN2618662Y (en) * 2003-05-29 2004-06-02 中国农业大学 Microcomponent coating machine for granular fodder
CN101575053A (en) * 2009-06-10 2009-11-11 煤炭科学研究总院 Pulse-free coal powder supply device

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