CN107634672A - A kind of new four level converter and its control method - Google Patents
A kind of new four level converter and its control method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
For weak point existing for existing multi-level converter, the present invention relates to a kind of new four level converter, the converter is three-phase common bus structure, 6 IGBT power modules and the voltage class of i.e. exportable four level of 2 striding capacitances are only needed per phase, and the midpoint potential of dc bus side need not be controlled, compared with existing four level converter, the converter does not need clamp diode, and there is less switching tube and striding capacitance, device overall structure is simpler, it is easily controllable, suitable for mesolow high power density occasion.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to electric and electronic technical field, is related to a kind of new four level converter.
Background technology
In the last few years, energy transformation demand growing in world wide promoted electronic power switch device to manufacture skill
The continuous renewal and development of art and converters topological structure.Domestic and international researcher's opening up for multi-level converter
Flutter structure design, modulation strategy research, control system optimization and application technology etc. extensively go deep into, become
One of study hotspot.
Multi-level converter can fit because it has higher voltage output ability, relatively low switch stress and electromagnetic interference
For mesohigh large-power occasions, such as the driving of micro-capacitance sensor, motor, distributed generation system etc..Meanwhile multi-level converter
With relatively low switching loss and the preferable quality of power supply, radiating and the requirement of wave filter are reduced, is applicable to low pressure Gao Gong
Rate density occasion, such as the occasion such as Aero-Space, electric automobile and regenerative resource, the small volume of system are in light weight.
At present, industrially widely used to have three kinds of multi-level converter structures, respectively neutral-point-clamped type is more
Level converter, striding capacitance type multi-level converter and Cascade H bridge type multi-level converter.And these three multi-level converters
All there is the defects of certain：Neutral-point-clamped type multi-level converter is with the increase of level number, and the quantity of clamp diode is drastically
Increase, and dc bus midpoint potentials more than three level is difficult to balance；Striding capacitance type multi-level converter flies across electricity
The quantity of appearance increases with the increase of level number, causes that device overall volume is huge, and reliability is low；How electric Cascade H bridge type is
Flat converter needs multiple independent dc sources to give each module for power supply, or is provided using the phase-shifting transformer of Multiple coil
Dc source, system bulk is big, and cost is high.Therefore, new multi-level converter topology is studied to have great importance.
The content of the invention
Goal of the invention：The defects of for it is an object of the invention to exist for existing multi-level converter topology, propose
A kind of new multi-level converter.
Technical scheme：A kind of new four level converter, including dc bus and three four level bridge arms, the direct current are female
The both ends of line are connected in parallel three four level bridge arms successively, and each four level bridge arm includes 6 switching tube Sx1、Sx2、Sx3、
Sx4、Sx5、Sx6With two striding capacitance Cx1And Cx2, x represents a, b or c, switching tube Sx1Emitter stage connecting valve pipe Sx2Current collection
Pole, switching tube Sx2Emitter stage connecting valve pipe Sx5Colelctor electrode, switching tube Sx5Emitter stage connecting valve pipe Sx6Current collection
Pole, switching tube Sx2Emitter stage connecting valve pipe Sx4Colelctor electrode, switching tube Sx4Emitter stage and switching tube Sx3Emitter stage connect
Connect, striding capacitance Cx1First end connecting valve pipe Sx1、Sx2Common port, striding capacitance Cx1The second end connection striding capacitance
Cx2First end, striding capacitance Cx2The second end connection Sx5、Sx6Common port, switching tube Sx3Colelctor electrode connection striding capacitance
Cx1And Cx2Common port.
A kind of new four level converters control method, comprises the following steps：
Step 1：The on off state corresponding to every kind of voltage class is determined, defines the on off state such as following formula institute of switching tube
Show
On off state then corresponding to every kind of voltage class is as shown in table 1 below：
It can be seen from table when new four level converters output level number is 3, now Vxo=Vdc, it is corresponding with one kind
On off state, [1,1,1,0,0,0] is followed successively by per the on off state of six switching tubes of phase, it is A to define this on off state；When new
When four level converter output level numbers are 2, now Vxo=2Vdc/ 3, two kinds of on off states are corresponding with, per six switching tubes of phase
On off state be followed successively by [1,0,1,1,0,0] and [0,1,1,0,0,1], it is respectively B1 and B2 to define this on off state；When new
When the level converter output level number of type four is 1, now Vxo=Vdc/ 3, two kinds of on off states are corresponding with, per six switching tubes of phase
On off state be followed successively by [1,0,0,1,1,0] and [0,0,1,1,0,1], it is respectively C1 and C2 to define this on off state；When new
When the level converter output level number of type four is 3, now Vxo=0, a kind of on off state is corresponding with, opening per six switching tubes of phase
Off status is followed successively by [0,0,0,1,1,1], and it is D to define this on off state；
Step 2：Analyze influence of every kind of on off state to striding capacitance voltage, the change of striding capacitance voltage and every phase
On off state it is relevant with the direction of phase current, its influence is as shown in table 2 below：
As can be seen from the above table, it is nothing to striding capacitance regardless of the sense of current when output level number is 3 and 0
Influence；When output level number is 2 and 1, the corresponding two kinds of Redundanter schalter states of every kind of level number, every kind of on off state to fly across
The influence of electric capacity is different；
Step 3：Two striding capacitance voltages are detected, striding capacitance is controlled by selecting different Redundanter schalter states
In desired value, the deviation for defining striding capacitance voltage is voltage stabilization
ΔVCxk=VCxk-VCxk.ref
In formula, VCxkTo detect the actual value of striding capacitance voltage, VCxk.refFor the desired value V of striding capacitance voltagedc/ 3, k
=1,2；As Δ VCxkDuring ＞ 0, show that the actual value of striding capacitance voltage is more than desired value, electric capacity needs to discharge；As Δ VCxk＜
0, show that the actual value of striding capacitance voltage is less than desired value, electric capacity needs to charge；
Step 4, phase current is detected, according to phase current, the deviation of two striding capacitance voltage and two deviations
Order of magnitude compares selection Redundanter schalter state, specific as shown in table 3：
It is 2 to work as output level number it can be seen from table, phase current ix>When 0, now if Δ VCx1＞ 0, Δ VCx2＞ 0,
Then two striding capacitances are required to discharge, the table 2 influenceed according on off state on striding capacitance, it can be determined that now need selection to open
Off status B2 controls the voltage that converter output level number is 2；Similarly, you can judge opening for required selection in other cases
Off status；When output level number is 3 and 0, the sense of current, the deviation of striding capacitance voltage are to striding capacitance voltage without shadow
Ring.
Beneficial effect：New four level converter proposed by the present invention, it is not necessary to the midpoint potential of dc bus side is controlled,
Compared with existing four level converter, the converter does not need clamp diode, and with less switching tube and flies across electricity
Hold, device overall structure is simpler, easily controllable, suitable for the occasion of mesolow high power density.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is new four level converters topology diagram；
Fig. 2 is six kinds of current loops corresponding to six kinds of on off states；
When Fig. 3 (a) is that modulation degree changes, converter phase voltage and three-phase current experimental waveform figure, Fig. 3 (b) are modulation degree
During change, striding capacitance Voltage experiments oscillogram, Fig. 3 (c) is the experimental waveform figure that dynamic control striding capacitance voltage is.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with drawings and the specific embodiments.
New four level converters system construction drawing per phase as shown in figure 1, only have 6 switching tubes and two striding capacitances.
Four level can be exported for guarantee converter, then striding capacitance Cx1And Cx2Voltage need to control as Vdc/ 3, VdcFor dc bus electricity
Pressure, x=a, b, c.For the output voltage V of every phasexo, four voltages, respectively V can be exporteddc、2Vdc/3、Vdc/ 3 and 0.It is fixed
The on off state of adopted switching tube is shown below：
On off state then corresponding to every kind of voltage class is as shown in table 1：
As can be seen from Table 1, when new four level converters output level number is 3, now Vxo=Vdc, it is corresponding with one
Kind on off state, [1,1,1,0,0,0] is followed successively by per the on off state of six switching tubes of phase, it is A to define this on off state；When new
When the level converter output level number of type four is 2, now Vxo=2Vdc/ 3, two kinds of on off states are corresponding with, per six switches of phase
The on off state of pipe is followed successively by [1,0,1,1,0,0] and [0,1,1,0,0,1], and it is respectively B1 and B2 to define this on off state；When
When new four level converters output level number is 2, now Vxo=Vdc/ 3, two kinds of on off states are corresponding with, per six switches of phase
The on off state of pipe is followed successively by [1,0,0,1,1,0] and [0,0,1,1,0,1], and it is respectively C1 and C2 to define this on off state；When
When new four level converters output level number is 3, now Vxo=0, a kind of on off state is corresponding with, per six switching tubes of phase
On off state is followed successively by [0,0,0,1,1,1], and it is D to define this on off state, and switching tube can be IGBT.
Current loop corresponding to every kind of on off state is as shown in Figure 2.Then by the current loop in Fig. 2, analysis is every kind of to open
Influence of the off status to striding capacitance is as follows：
(1) when output level number is 3：
Switching tube Sx1、Sx2、Sx3Conducting.Converter output voltage Vxo=Vdc, direct voltage source is directly load supplying, in
No current on line, to striding capacitance Cx1、Cx2Voltage do not influence.
(2) when output level number is 2：
When on off state is B1, switching tube Sx1、Sx3、Sx4Conducting.Converter output voltage Vxo=2Vdc/ 3, no matter bear
Carry electric current and flow in or out converter, have electric current on center line, can cause electric capacity Cx1、Cx2Voltage unbalance.Work as ix>When 0, fly
Across electric capacity Cx1Charging, striding capacitance Cx2It is unchanged, work as ix<When 0, striding capacitance Cx1Electric discharge, striding capacitance Cx2It is unchanged.
When on off state is B2, switching tube Sx2、Sx3、Sx6Conducting.Converter output voltage Vxo=2Vdc/ 3, same meeting
Cause electric capacity Cx1、Cx2Voltage unbalance.Work as ix>When 0, striding capacitance Cx1Electric discharge, striding capacitance Cx2Electric discharge, works as ix<When 0, fly
Across electric capacity Cx1Charging, striding capacitance Cx2Charging.
(3) when output level number is 1：
When on off state is C1, switching tube Sx1、Sx4、Sx5Conducting.Converter output voltage Vxo=Vdc/ 3, no matter load
Electric current flows in or out converter, there is electric current on center line, can cause electric capacity Cx1、Cx2Voltage unbalance.Work as ix>When 0, fly across
Electric capacity Cx1Charging, striding capacitance Cx2Charging, works as ix<When 0, striding capacitance Cx1Electric discharge, striding capacitance Cx2Electric discharge.
When on off state is C2, switching tube Sx3、Sx4、Sx6Conducting.Converter output voltage Vxo=Vdc/ 3, it can equally lead
Send a telegraph and hold Cx1、Cx2Voltage unbalance.Work as ix>When 0, striding capacitance Cx1It is unchanged, striding capacitance Cx2Electric discharge, works as ix<When 0, fly
Across electric capacity Cx1It is unchanged, striding capacitance Cx2Charging.
(5) when output level number is 0：
Switching tube Sx4、Sx5、Sx6Conducting.Converter output voltage Vxo=0, direct voltage source is directly load supplying, center line
Upper no current, to striding capacitance Cx1、Cx2Voltage do not influence.
It is as shown in table 2 to summarize influence of every kind of current loop to striding capacitance：
As can be seen from Table 2, it is nothing to striding capacitance regardless of the sense of current when output level number is 3 and 0
Influence.When output level number is 2 and 1, the corresponding two kinds of Redundanter schalter states of every kind of level number, every kind of on off state to fly across
The influence of electric capacity is different.Therefore, by selecting different Redundanter schalter states the voltage stabilization of striding capacitance can be controlled to exist
Vdc/3.Define striding capacitance voltage deviation be：
ΔVCxk=VCxk-VCxk.ref,
In formula, VCxkFor the actual value of striding capacitance voltage, VCxk.refFor the desired value V of striding capacitance voltagedc/ 3, k=1,
2.As Δ VCxkDuring ＞ 0, show that the actual value of striding capacitance voltage is more than desired value, electric capacity needs to discharge；As Δ VCxk＜ 0, table
The actual value of bright striding capacitance voltage is less than desired value, and electric capacity needs to charge.Then the selection of Redundanter schalter state is as shown in table 3：
It is 2 to work as output level number it can be seen from table, phase current ix>When 0, now if Δ VCx1＞ 0, Δ VCx2＞ 0,
Then two striding capacitances are required to discharge, the table 2 influenceed according on off state on striding capacitance, it can be determined that now need selection to open
Off status B2 controls the voltage that converter output level number is 2；Similarly, you can judge opening for required selection in other cases
Off status.It is controlled according to above step, you can run with ensureing new four level converters normal table.
Fig. 3 is the experimental waveform figure of new four level converter of the present invention, and now DC bus-bar voltage is 240V.Experiment
In the modulation algorithm that is laminated using carrier wave, its modulation degree is defined as：
M=2Vref/Vdc,
In formula, VrefTo give the peak value of reference voltage.Fig. 3 (a) is the line electricity of converter when modulation degree is changed into 0.6 from 0.9
Pressure and three-phase current oscillogram；When Fig. 3 (b) is that modulation degree changes, striding capacitance voltage oscillogram；Fig. 3 (c) flies for dynamic control
Across the oscillogram of capacitance voltage.As seen from the figure, under varying experimental conditions, new four level converters line voltage output
For 7 level, three-phase current near sinusoidal, striding capacitance voltage can preferably be stablized in Vdc/ 3, i.e., near 80V, demonstrate this
The correctness and feasibility of new four level converter of invention.
Described above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made, these improvements and modifications also should
It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of new four level converter, including dc bus and three four level bridge arms, the both ends of the dc bus according to
It is secondary to be connected in parallel three four level bridge arms, it is characterised in that each four level bridge arm includes 6 switching tube Sx1、Sx2、Sx3、
Sx4、Sx5、Sx6With two striding capacitance Cx1And Cx2, x represents a, b or c, switching tube Sx1Emitter stage connecting valve pipe Sx2Current collection
Pole, switching tube Sx2Emitter stage connecting valve pipe Sx5Colelctor electrode, switching tube Sx5Emitter stage connecting valve pipe Sx6Current collection
Pole, switching tube Sx2Emitter stage connecting valve pipe Sx4Colelctor electrode, switching tube Sx4Emitter stage and switching tube Sx3Emitter stage connect
Connect, striding capacitance Cx1First end connecting valve pipe Sx1、Sx2Common port, striding capacitance Cx1The second end connection striding capacitance
Cx2First end, striding capacitance Cx2The second end connection Sx5、Sx6Common port, switching tube Sx3Colelctor electrode connection striding capacitance
Cx1And Cx2Common port.
2. the new four level converters control method of one kind according to claim 1, it is characterised in that including following step
Suddenly：
Step 1：The on off state corresponding to every kind of voltage class is determined, the on off state for defining switching tube is shown below
On off state then corresponding to every kind of voltage class is as shown in table 1 below：
It can be seen from table when new four level converters output level number is 3, now Vxo=Vdc, it is corresponding with a kind of switch
State, [1,1,1,0,0,0] is followed successively by per the on off state of six switching tubes of phase, it is A to define this on off state；When new four electricity
When flat converter output level number is 2, now Vxo=2Vdc/ 3, two kinds of on off states are corresponding with, opening per six switching tubes of phase
Off status is followed successively by [1,0,1,1,0,0] and [0,1,1,0,0,1], and it is respectively B1 and B2 to define this on off state；When new four
When level converter output level number is 1, now Vxo=Vdc/ 3, two kinds of on off states are corresponding with, opening per six switching tubes of phase
Off status is followed successively by [1,0,0,1,1,0] and [0,0,1,1,0,1], and it is respectively C1 and C2 to define this on off state；When new four
When level converter output level number is 3, now Vxo=0, a kind of on off state is corresponding with, per the switch shape of six switching tubes of phase
State is followed successively by [0,0,0,1,1,1], and it is D to define this on off state；
Step 2：Analyze influence of every kind of on off state to striding capacitance voltage, the change of striding capacitance voltage and opening per phase
Off status is relevant with the direction of phase current, and its influence is as shown in table 2 below：
As can be seen from the above table, when output level number is 3 and 0, regardless of the sense of current, on striding capacitance without influence
's；When output level number is 2 and 1, the corresponding two kinds of Redundanter schalter states of every kind of level number, every kind of on off state is to striding capacitance
Influence it is different；
Step 3：Two striding capacitance voltages are detected, striding capacitance voltage is controlled by selecting different Redundanter schalter states
It is stable to be in desired value, the deviation for defining striding capacitance voltage：
ΔVCxk=VCxk-VCxk.ref
In formula, VCxkTo detect the actual value of striding capacitance voltage, VCxk.refFor the desired value V of striding capacitance voltagedc/ 3, k=1,
2；As Δ VCxkDuring ＞ 0, show that the actual value of striding capacitance voltage is more than desired value, electric capacity needs to discharge；As Δ VCxk＜ 0, table
The actual value of bright striding capacitance voltage is less than desired value, and electric capacity needs to charge；
Step 4, phase current is detected, according to the absolute of phase current, the deviation of two striding capacitance voltage and two deviations
Value size compares selection Redundanter schalter state, specific as shown in table 3：
It is 2 to work as output level number it can be seen from table, phase current ix>When 0, now if Δ VCx1＞ 0, Δ VCx2＞ 0, then two
Striding capacitance is required to discharge, the table 2 influenceed according on off state on striding capacitance, it can be determined that now need selecting switch state
B2 controls the voltage that converter output level number is 2；Similarly, you can judge the switch shape of required selection in other cases
State；When output level number is 3 and 0, the sense of current, the deviation of striding capacitance voltage are on striding capacitance without influence.
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| CN108418456A (en) * | 2018-04-26 | 2018-08-17 | 佛山科学技术学院 | A kind of four level shifter circuits of double inversion outputs |
| CN111064378A (en) * | 2020-01-10 | 2020-04-24 | 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 | Five-level hybrid neutral point clamped converter |
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| CN108418456A (en) * | 2018-04-26 | 2018-08-17 | 佛山科学技术学院 | A kind of four level shifter circuits of double inversion outputs |
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| CN111064378B (en) * | 2020-01-10 | 2022-03-18 | 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 | Five-level hybrid neutral point clamped converter |
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