CN106877371B - A kind of control method of the modular multi-level converter with energy-storage function - Google Patents
A kind of control method of the modular multi-level converter with energy-storage function Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
- H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of control method of modular multi-level converter with energy-storage function, wherein current transformer includes three phase elements, each phase element includes upper bridge arm, lower bridge arm, upper bridge arm inductance, lower bridge arm inductance, upper and lower bridge arm are connected in series by half-bridge submodule and the mixing of class full-bridge energy storage submodule;The method determines that the modulating wave of each submodule in every phase bridge arm, the modulating wave of Neutron module include half-bridge submodule modulating wave and class full-bridge energy storage submodule modulating wave according to output order voltage waveform is often treated each other;It is compared generation control signal according to the carrier wave of each submodule and the modulating wave of submodule in every phase bridge arm, controls each submodule investment or cutting in every phase bridge arm respectively.The above-mentioned modular multi-level converter with energy-storage function can increase inertia for new energy resources system, and battery charging and discharging electric current used in energy storage is smooth, and voltage class is lower, has ensured the efficient operation and safety of battery.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of electric automation equipment, specifically, being related to a kind of modularization with energy-storage function
The control method of Multilevel Inverters.
Background technique
In existing technology, battery is directly parallel in by submodule capacitor by the submodule with energy-storage function, so that
Battery bears the pulsating current of one times of power frequency and two times of power frequencies, unfavorable to the efficient operation and overall life cycle cost of battery;Together
When, actual condition Neutron module capacitance voltage is generally higher than 1500V voltage class, using lithium ion battery as the high magnification of representative electricity
Pond from cost and security consideration, is extremely difficult to so high series connection based on the reason of the battery charge state equilibrium and error protection
Voltage.
Through retrieving, the Chinese patent application of Publication No. 104917418A uses battery current the invention provides a kind of
The accumulation energy type modular multi-level converter of independent control, submodule include: a half-bridge module, a Support Capacitor and one
A energy-storage battery.By the independent control to battery current, battery utilization rate and service life are improved.
The Chinese patent application of Publication No. 103580050A, the invention are related to a kind of more level lithium electricity of high-power modular
Pond energy accumulation current converter device, submodule are H bridge type energy accumulation current converter module.By reducing cell voltage using submodule quantity
The mode of grade realizes large power energy storage.
Above-mentioned patent not can solve the problem of cell voltage grade, and the submodule used is more and can not achieve energy storage, simultaneously
Cell voltage is lower;Secondly, the sub-modular structure that above-mentioned patent proposes all uses battery to be connected in parallel on the scheme by DC capacitor, electricity
Pond will necessarily bear the pulsating current of one times of power frequency and two times of power frequencies, and the efficient operation and overall life cycle cost to battery are not
Benefit.
Summary of the invention
For the defects in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide one kind improves battery life and is utilized from topology
Rate, and the control method of the accumulation energy type modular multi-level converter of inertia is provided for new energy resources system.
The present invention provides a kind of control method of modular multi-level converter with energy-storage function, in which:
The current transformer include three phase elements, each phase element include upper bridge arm, lower bridge arm, upper bridge arm inductance, under
Bridge arm inductance;Direct current outlet positive terminal of the positive terminal of the upper bridge arm as phase element;The negative pole end of the upper bridge arm and institute
The one end for stating bridge arm inductance is connected;The other end of the upper bridge arm inductance is connected with one end of the lower bridge arm inductance, as
The exchange leading-out terminal of phase element, and current-limiting reactor is connected to power grid;The other end of the lower bridge arm inductance and the lower bridge arm
Positive terminal be connected;Direct current outlet negative pole end of the negative pole end of the lower bridge arm as phase element;It is described in three phase elements
Upper bridge arm, the lower bridge arm are connected in series by half-bridge submodule and the mixing of class full-bridge energy storage submodule;
It include multiple controllable switch devices, all controllable switches in the half-bridge submodule and class full-bridge energy storage submodule
Device uses unipolarity phase-shifting carrier wave sinusoidal pulse width modulation method, with one conservation of energy, submodule capacitor voltage power frequency period
Premised on stable and linear modulation, the modulation ratio for obtaining half-bridge submodule and class full-bridge energy storage submodule is calculated;According to often treating each other
Output order voltage waveform determines the upper bridge arm of every phase, each half-bridge submodule and class full-bridge energy storage submodule in lower bridge arm
Modulating wave, according to the carrier wave and half-bridge of half-bridge submodule and class full-bridge energy storage submodule each in the upper bridge arm of every phase, lower bridge arm
Submodule be compared with the modulating wave of class full-bridge energy storage submodule generation control signal, control respectively every phase upper bridge arm, under
The investment or cutting of each half-bridge submodule and class full-bridge energy storage submodule in bridge arm.
Preferably, the half-bridge submodule, comprising: the first direct current capacitors, the first controllable switch device, second are controllably
Switching device, the first freewheeling diode, the second freewheeling diode;Wherein:
The first controllable switch device, the second controllable switch device collector respectively with first afterflow two
Pole pipe, the cathode of second freewheeling diode are connected;The first controllable switch device, the second controllable switch device
Emitter is connected with the anode of first freewheeling diode, second freewheeling diode respectively;First controllable switch
The collector of device is connected with the anode of first direct current capacitors;The emitter of the second controllable switch device with it is described
The cathode of first direct current capacitors is connected;First controllable devices, the grid of the second controllable devices are connected with control circuit.
Preferably, the class full-bridge energy storage submodule, comprising: the second direct current capacitors, battery, power sense cell, third
Controllable switch device, the 4th controllable switch device, the 5th controllable switch device, the 6th controllable switch device and third afterflow
Diode, the 4th freewheeling diode, the 5th freewheeling diode, the 6th freewheeling diode;Wherein:
The third controllable switch device, the 4th controllable switch device, the 5th controllable switch device, described
The collector of six controllable switch devices continues with the third freewheeling diode, the 4th freewheeling diode, the described 5th respectively
Flow diode, the cathode of the 6th freewheeling diode is connected;The third controllable switch device, the 4th controllable switch device
Part, the 5th controllable switch device, the 6th controllable switch device emitter respectively with the third freewheeling diode,
4th freewheeling diode, the 5th freewheeling diode, the anode of the 6th freewheeling diode are connected;The third can
The collector of control switching device is connected with the anode of second direct current capacitors;The emitter of the 4th controllable switch device
It is connected with the cathode of second direct current capacitors, the battery;The emitter of the third controllable switch device is complete as class
The positive terminal of bridge energy storage submodule;The emitter of the 5th controllable switch device is connected and makees with one end of the power sense cell
For the negative pole end of class full-bridge energy storage submodule;The other end of the power sense cell is connected with the anode of the battery;The third
Controllable switch device, the 4th controllable switch device, the 5th controllable switch device, the 6th controllable switch device
Grid is connected with control circuit.
Preferably, the half-bridge submodule and the DC component of modulation ratio in the class full-bridge energy storage submodule with exchange point
It measures peak value and there is constraint, and make the modulation ratio of current transformer steady operation not unique.
Compared with prior art, the present invention have it is following the utility model has the advantages that
The present invention has the modular multi-level converter structure of energy-storage function simple, passes through class full-bridge energy storage submodule
Design increases inertia for new energy resources system, and battery charging and discharging electric current used in energy storage is smooth, and voltage class is lower, ensures
The efficient operation and safety of battery.Using the method for phase-shifting carrier wave pulsewidth modulation, equivalent switching frequency can be improved, reduce
Harmonic wave distribution.
Detailed description of the invention
Upon reading the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings, other feature of the invention,
Objects and advantages will become more apparent upon:
Fig. 1 is the converter topology figure of one embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the half-bridge submodular circuits figure of one embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the class full-bridge energy storage submodular circuits figure of one embodiment of the present invention;
A, b, c, d are respectively the tune of the half-bridge submodule of one embodiment of the present invention, class full-bridge energy storage submodule in Fig. 4
Wave processed and total equivalent output voltage schematic diagram;
A, b, c are respectively the lower bridge arm electric current of one embodiment of the present invention, the equivalent output voltage of half-bridge submodule in Fig. 5
With half-bridge submodule power pulsations situation schematic diagram;
A, b, c are respectively that the lower bridge arm electric current of one embodiment of the present invention, class full-bridge energy storage submodule are equivalent defeated in Fig. 6
Voltage and class full-bridge energy storage submodule power pulsations situation schematic diagram out;
Fig. 7 is the class full-bridge energy storage submodule cell voltage closed control circuit figure of one embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is the current transformer half-bridge and class full-bridge energy storage submodule modulation wave generator circuit of one embodiment of the present invention
Figure.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in detail combined with specific embodiments below.Following embodiment will be helpful to the technology of this field
Personnel further understand the present invention, but the invention is not limited in any way.It should be pointed out that the ordinary skill of this field
For personnel, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, various modifications and improvements can be made.These belong to the present invention
Protection scope.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of modular multi-level converter topology with energy-storage function, including three phase elements;Often
A phase element x (x=a, b, c) includes upper bridge arm, lower bridge arm, upper bridge arm inductance Lxp, lower bridge arm inductance Lxn;Wherein:
Direct current outlet positive terminal of the positive terminal of the upper bridge arm as phase element;The negative pole end of the upper bridge arm with it is described
Upper bridge arm inductance LxpOne end be connected;The upper bridge arm inductance LxpThe other end and the lower bridge arm inductance LxnOne end be connected,
As the exchange leading-out terminal of phase element, voltage Vx, and current-limiting reactor LTxIt is connected to power grid, voltage Vsx;Under described
Bridge arm inductance LxnThe other end be connected with the positive terminal of the lower bridge arm;Direct current of the negative pole end of the lower bridge arm as phase element
Outlet negative pole end;
Upper bridge arm, lower bridge arm in three phase elements is by half-bridge submodule and class full-bridge energy storage submodule mixing string
Join.Submodule xyi (x=a, b, c, y=p, n, i=1,2 ... N;Wherein in p representative, under n is represented) represent x phase y bridge arm
I-th of submodule, ixRefer to x phase ac-side current, ixyRefer to the electric current of x phase y bridge arm, VxyRefer to all submodule outputs of x phase y bridge arm
Voltage and, IdRefer to DC side electric current, VdcRefer to DC voltage.
As shown in Fig. 2, being the half-bridge submodular circuits figure of a preferred embodiment;The half-bridge submodule, comprising: first
Direct current capacitors C1, the first controllable switch device S1, the second controllable switch device S2 and the first sustained diode 1, second
Sustained diode 2;Wherein:
The collector of the first controllable switch device S1, the second controllable switch device S2 collector respectively with institute
The cathode of the cathode, second sustained diode 2 of stating the first sustained diode 1 is connected;The first controllable switch device
The emitter of S1, the second controllable switch device S2 emitter respectively with the anode of first sustained diode 1, institute
The anode for stating the second sustained diode 2 is connected;The collector of the first controllable switch device S1 also with first direct current
The anode of container C1 is connected;Cathode of the emitter of the second controllable switch device S1 also with the first direct current capacitors C1
It is connected;The grid of the first controllable switch device S1, the second controllable switch device S2 grid be connected with control circuit.
As shown in figure 3, being the class full-bridge energy storage submodular circuits figure of a preferred embodiment;The class full-bridge energy storage submodule
Block, comprising: the second direct current capacitors C2, battery, power sense cell L, third controllable switch device S3, the 4th controllable switch device
S4, the 5th controllable switch device S5, the 6th controllable switch device S6 and third sustained diode 3, the 4th freewheeling diode
D4, the 5th sustained diode 5, the 6th sustained diode 6;Wherein:
The collector of the third controllable switch device S3, the collector of the 4th controllable switch device S4, described
The collector of five controllable switch device S5, the 6th controllable switch device S6 collector respectively with two pole of third afterflow
The cathode of pipe D3, the cathode of the 4th sustained diode 4, the cathode of the 5th sustained diode 5, the 6th afterflow
The cathode of diode D6 is connected;The hair of the emitter of the third controllable switch device S3, the 4th controllable switch device S4
Emitter-base bandgap grading, the emitter of the 5th controllable switch device S5, the 6th controllable switch device S6 emitter respectively with it is described
The anode of third sustained diode 3, the anode of the 4th sustained diode 4, the 5th sustained diode 5 anode,
The anode of 6th sustained diode 6 is connected;The collector of the third controllable switch device S3 also with second direct current
The anode of capacitor C2 is connected;Yin of the emitter of the 4th controllable switch device S4 also with the second direct current capacitors C2
Pole, the cathode of the battery are connected;The emitter of the third controllable switch device S3 is also used as the class full-bridge energy storage submodule
The positive terminal of block;The emitter of the 5th controllable switch device S5 is also connected and as institute with one end of the power sense cell L
State the negative pole end of class full-bridge energy storage submodule;The other end of the power sense cell L is connected with the anode of the battery;The third
The grid of controllable switch device S3, the grid of the 4th controllable switch device S4, the 5th controllable switch device S5 grid
Pole, the 6th controllable switch device S6 grid be connected with control circuit.
As shown in a, b, c, d in Fig. 4, lower bridge arm half-bridge submodule, class full-bridge energy storage of a respectively preferred embodiment
The modulating wave of module and total equivalent output voltage schematic diagram;It is MMC bridge arm (in such as Fig. 4 (c) that note modulating wave, which is sinusoidal bridge arm,
It is shown), modulating wave is that the bridge arm of direct current is energy storage bridge arm (in such as Fig. 4 shown in (d));Wherein: mdc-HB、mac-HBRespectively half-bridge
The DC component and AC compounent peak value of submodule upper tube modulation ratio, mdc-FB、mac-FBRespectively class full-bridge energy storage submodule MMC
The DC component and AC compounent peak value of bridge arm upper tube modulation ratio, mbFor the modulation ratio of class full-bridge energy storage submodule energy storage bridge arm;
The AC compounent with biasing is exported jointly by half-bridge submodule and class full-bridge energy storage submodule, can support DC voltage(phase voltage peak value is V with alternating voltages)。
As shown in a, b, c in Fig. 5, respectively lower bridge arm electric current, the equivalent output voltage of half-bridge submodule and half-bridge submodule
Power pulsations situation schematic diagram;DC component is in lower bridge arm electric currentAC compounent peak value isVcFor capacitance voltage
Direct current mean value;Being observed by figure it can be found that choosing suitable modulation ratio can allow the power swing of half-bridge submodule at one
Power frequency period inner equilibrium, thus half-bridge submodule steady operation.
As shown in a, b, c in Fig. 6, respectively lower bridge arm electric current, the equivalent output voltage of class full-bridge energy storage submodule and class are complete
Bridge energy storage submodule power pulsations situation schematic diagram;DC component is in lower bridge arm electric currentAC compounent peak value isVc
For the direct current mean value of capacitance voltage;It is observed by figure it can be found that class full-bridge energy storage submodule can be allowed by choosing suitable modulation ratio
Average value of the power swing of block in a power frequency period is equal to the power of battery storage or release, thus class full-bridge energy storage
Module stability work.
A kind of control method of the modular multi-level converter topology with energy-storage function, the control method is using load
Wave shifts to SPWM modulation.
It is only illustrated by taking the upper bridge arm in A phase as an example below;Three phase elements, there is only one for the modulation of B, C phase and A phase
A phase angle difference, submodule (including half-bridge submodule and class full-bridge energy storage submodule) AC modulation ratio in lower bridge arm is upper bridge arm
In similar submodule AC modulation ratio opposite number.
In rectification, inversion operating condition:
In half-bridge submodule, the first controllable switch device S1 conducting complementary with the second controllable switch device S2, note first can
Control switching device S1 modulating wave are as follows:
D1=mdc-HB+mac-HBcos(wt)
In class full-bridge energy storage submodule: third controllable switch device S3 is controllably opened with the 4th controllable switch device S4, the 5th
Device S5 conducting complementary with the 6th controllable switch device S6 is closed, remembers third controllable switch device S3 modulating wave are as follows:
D3=mdc-FB+mac-FBcos(wt)
Remember the 5th controllable switch device S5 modulating wave are as follows:
D5=mb;
Resulting modulating wave feeding carrier wave is shifted in PWM generator, the SPWM wave of final output is obtained.
If in upper bridge arm: the number of half-bridge submodule is N1, the number of class full-bridge energy storage submodule is N2, DC voltage
Vd, DC side electric current Id, exchange leading-out terminal phase voltage peak value Vs, exchange side phase current peak Is, power-factor angleElectricity
Pond electric current Ib, cell voltage Vb, half-bridge submodule capacitor voltage VC-HB, class full-bridge energy storage submodule capacitor voltage VC-FB, mdc-HB、
mac-HBThe respectively DC component of half-bridge submodule modulation ratio and AC compounent peak value, mdc-FB、mac-FBRespectively class full-bridge energy storage
The DC component and AC compounent peak value of submodule MMC bridge arm modulation ratio, mbFor the tune of class full-bridge energy storage submodule energy storage bridge arm
Ratio processed.
Column write one power frequency period equilibrium equation of Kirchoff s voltage equation and submodule capacitor voltage:
And linear modulation constraint condition:
mdc-HB≥mac-HB> 0
mdc-FB≥mac-FB> 0
0≤mdc-HB+mac-HB≤1
0≤mdc-FB+mac-FB≤1
It solves the variable among above-mentioned controllable switch device modulation wave and meets following relationship:
As shown in fig. 7, being the class full-bridge energy storage submodule battery current closed-loop control of a preferred embodiment: firstly, battery
Current target valueWith battery actual current average value IbIt is poor to make, and obtains modulation ratio deviation signal Δ m by PI closed loopb, with reason
Think energy storage bridge arm modulation ratioIt sums, to obtain the modulation ratio signal m that should actually exportb;When battery current average value
When greater than target value, PI output modulation ratio deviation signal is negative, the modulation ratio signal m of reality outputbLess than ideal Modulated ratioSo the charging time of battery can be reduced, so that battery current average value declines, so that this control is feasible;In electricity
Pond current average has same analysis when being less than target value.
As shown in figure 8, for the current transformer half-bridge and class full-bridge energy storage submodule modulation wave generator of a preferred embodiment: first
First, dq transformation is carried out according to the value of current three-phase current, to obtain current dq shaft current id、iq;Control is decoupled by classical dq
System, to obtain the dq shaft voltage V for the exchange leading-out terminal that should currently exportd、Vq;Obtaining again through inverse dq transformation should currently export
Exchange leading-out terminal phase voltage peak value Vs;According to VsWith the numerical value measured in other actual conditions, the public affairs for calculating modulation ratio are substituted into
The modulation ratio that half-bridge submodule and class full-bridge energy storage submodule should export can be obtained in formula (1)-(5), to issue suitably
Modulating wave, and control signal is generated after being compared with the triangular carrier (being issued by control panel) of corresponding submodule.
Specific embodiments of the present invention are described above.It is to be appreciated that the invention is not limited to above-mentioned
Particular implementation, those skilled in the art can make various deformations or amendments within the scope of the claims, this not shadow
Ring substantive content of the invention.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of control method of the modular multi-level converter with energy-storage function, it is characterised in that:
The current transformer includes three phase elements, and each phase element includes upper bridge arm, lower bridge arm, upper bridge arm inductance, lower bridge arm
Inductance;Direct current outlet positive terminal of the positive terminal of the upper bridge arm as phase element;The negative pole end of the upper bridge arm and it is described on
One end of bridge arm inductance is connected;The other end of the upper bridge arm inductance is connected with one end of the lower bridge arm inductance, as mutually single
The exchange leading-out terminal of member, and current-limiting reactor is connected to power grid;The other end of the lower bridge arm inductance and the lower bridge arm are just
It is extreme to be connected;Direct current outlet negative pole end of the negative pole end of the lower bridge arm as phase element;The upper bridge in three phase elements
Arm, the lower bridge arm are connected in series by half-bridge submodule and the mixing of class full-bridge energy storage submodule;
It include multiple controllable switch devices, all controllable switch devices in the half-bridge submodule and class full-bridge energy storage submodule
Using unipolarity phase-shifting carrier wave sinusoidal pulse width modulation method, stablized with one conservation of energy, submodule capacitor voltage power frequency period
Premised on linear modulation, the modulation ratio for obtaining half-bridge submodule and class full-bridge energy storage submodule is calculated;According to every mutually to be output
Command voltage waveform, determine the upper bridge arm of every phase, in lower bridge arm each half-bridge submodule and class full-bridge energy storage submodule modulation
Wave, according to the carrier wave and half-bridge submodule of half-bridge submodule each in the upper bridge arm of every phase, lower bridge arm and class full-bridge energy storage submodule
Block is compared generation control signal with the modulating wave of class full-bridge energy storage submodule, controls upper bridge arm, the lower bridge arm of every phase respectively
In each half-bridge submodule and class full-bridge energy storage submodule investment or cutting;
The half-bridge submodule, comprising: the first direct current capacitors, the first controllable switch device, the second controllable switch device,
One freewheeling diode, the second freewheeling diode;Wherein: the first controllable switch device, the second controllable switch device
Collector is connected with the cathode of first freewheeling diode, second freewheeling diode respectively;First controllable switch
Device, the second controllable switch device emitter respectively with first freewheeling diode, second freewheeling diode
Anode be connected;The collector of the first controllable switch device is connected with the anode of first direct current capacitors;Described
The emitter of two controllable switch devices is connected with the cathode of first direct current capacitors;First controllable devices, second can
The grid of control device is connected with control circuit;
The class full-bridge energy storage submodule, comprising: the second direct current capacitors, battery, power sense cell, third controllable switch device
Part, the 4th controllable switch device, the 5th controllable switch device, the 6th controllable switch device and third freewheeling diode, the 4th
Freewheeling diode, the 5th freewheeling diode, the 6th freewheeling diode;Wherein: the third controllable switch device, the described 4th can
It is continuous with the third respectively to control switching device, the 5th controllable switch device, the collector of the 6th controllable switch device
It is connected to flow diode, the 4th freewheeling diode, the 5th freewheeling diode, the cathode of the 6th freewheeling diode;
The third controllable switch device, the 4th controllable switch device, the 5th controllable switch device, the described 6th controllably open
Close device emitter respectively with the third freewheeling diode, the 4th freewheeling diode, the 5th freewheeling diode,
The anode of 6th freewheeling diode is connected;The collector of the third controllable switch device and second direct current capacitors
Anode be connected;The cathode phase of the emitter and second direct current capacitors, the battery of the 4th controllable switch device
Even;Positive terminal of the emitter of the third controllable switch device as class full-bridge energy storage submodule;5th controllable switch
The emitter of device is connected with one end of the power sense cell and the negative pole end as class full-bridge energy storage submodule;The battery electricity
The other end of sense is connected with the anode of the battery;It is the third controllable switch device, the 4th controllable switch device, described
5th controllable switch device, the 6th controllable switch device grid be connected with control circuit.
2. the control method of the modular multi-level converter according to claim 1 with energy-storage function, feature exist
In: the DC component of modulation ratio and AC compounent peak value exist about in the half-bridge submodule and the class full-bridge energy storage submodule
Beam, and make the modulation ratio of current transformer steady operation not unique.
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CN110854947B (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2021-06-29 | 上海交通大学 | Hybrid energy storage type modularized multi-level converter battery state of charge balancing method |
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CN111934572B (en) * | 2020-06-29 | 2022-10-04 | 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 | Super-large-scale energy storage MMC converter device and energy storage control method |
CN113726163B (en) * | 2021-08-19 | 2023-10-27 | 中国长江三峡集团有限公司 | Parallel network type transformer based on step-down type public direct-current voltage bus |
CN114793052A (en) * | 2022-06-22 | 2022-07-26 | 国网山东省电力公司东营供电公司 | Current conversion method of modular multilevel converter working in quasi two-level mode |
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