CN107634339A - The conformal reflector antenna in high directionality umbrella convex surface based on super surface - Google Patents
The conformal reflector antenna in high directionality umbrella convex surface based on super surface Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention proposes a kind of conformal reflector antenna in high directionality umbrella convex surface based on super surface, mainly solves the problems, such as that with the conformal convex mirror of umbrella convex surface carrier beam alignmetn can not be realized；Including umbrella convex surface carrier, umbrella convex mirror, feed, coaxial crossover sub and supporting construction, umbrella convex mirror is made up of the discrete super surface of plane polygon and the discrete super surface merging of m × n plane isosceles trapezoid of the positive n sides shape of even number of sides, it is embedded on the convex surface of umbrella convex surface carrier, the discrete super surface of plane polygon and the discrete super surface of plane isosceles trapezoid include medium substrate, radiation floor and the super surface of resonant ring, the resonant ring that the super surface of resonant ring is linearly arranged by different size and in periodic two-dimensional forms, each resonant ring provides phase compensation to incidence wave, realize that any curvature umbrella convex mirror synthesizes to the beam alignmetn and pencil beam of electromagnetic wave, feed is fixed on the focal position of umbrella convex mirror by supporting construction, and fed by coaxial crossover sub.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to antenna technical field, is related to a kind of reflector antenna, and in particular to a kind of height based on super surface
The conformal reflector antenna in directionality umbrella convex surface, realizes pencil beam, can be applied to the fields such as radio communication and target acquisition.
Technical background
The high directivity of reflector antenna, it is set to obtain very extensive application in communication, radar etc..But
Traditional reflecting surface is typically designed as the parabola of spill, it is difficult to the conformal loading in the convex surface of spacecraft.For
Traditional parabolic reflector, because there is parabola any point from parabola to be just equal to the point to the distance of fixed focus
To fixed directrix hang down away from property, so all ripples launched from focal point isotropism feed are through parabolic reflector
Afterwards, the incidence wave of different angle and the total propagation path of back wave electrical length when leaving antenna opening diametric plane are equal, and back wave passes
It is parallel with feed and reflecting surface center line connecting direction to broadcast direction, you can so that feed incidence spheric wave front is converted to exit plane ripple
Before.If parabolic mirror is replaced with traditional convex mirror, launch from same focal point isotropism feed all
Ripple is after convex mirror, and reflection direction of wave travel is away from feed and reflecting surface center line connecting direction, and incidence wave is closer to convex
Face mirror edge, bigger in the incidence angle, corresponding angle of reflection is bigger, and back wave can not obtain equiphase on antenna opening diametric plane
The plane wave front in face, therefore convex mirror is not suitable for structure beam collimation reflecting surface.
The outgoing wave of usual rotational paraboloid mirror aerial radiation is pencil beam, the antennas orthogonal face ripple of pencil beam
Beam and horizontal plane wave beam are all very narrow, are readily available high-gain performance, when carrying out long-range detection for equipment such as microwave scatterometers
Required transmission power is smaller, and pencilbeam antenna to detect target the elevation angle and orientation angle measurement accuracy and resolving power all
Very high, the continuous scanning that can realize non-blind area using rotation sweep is surveyed and drawn, so conformal in the convex surfaces such as spacecraft
Umbrella convex refractive surface antenna is loaded, and obtains the antenna pattern of pencil beam, there is very strong actual application value.It is but long
Since phase, realize that the design of reflector antenna of pencil beam using the paraboloid of revolution as basic geometry, utilizes sky
Between the convex surface such as aircraft design conformal reflector antenna and realize that beam alignmetn is still the problem in engineering.Existing research is more
The technology of rotational paraboloid mirror is replaced using the plane mirror based on super surface, realizes the conformal reflector antenna of plane
Beam alignmetn.
Such as：Authorization Notice No. is the B of CN 103558655, and entitled " the whole plane structure conical surface based on Meta Materials is anti-
The patent of invention of the design method of emitter ", disclose a kind of setting for conical surface reflector of full-plane structure based on Meta Materials
Meter method, by loading Meta Materials dielectric layer on plane reflection face, its reflection characteristic is set to be equivalent to a conical surface reflection
Device, realize the conformal design of plane of pencil beam reflector antenna.
Above method effectively can be designed as plane mirror and school by the concave mirror of traditional reflective surface antenna is conformal
Quasi wave beam, but can not solve the problems, such as the beam alignmetn of the convex mirror conformal with umbrella convex surface carrier.
The content of the invention
A kind of the defects of it is an object of the invention to overcome above-mentioned prior art to exist, there is provided Gao Ding based on super surface
The conformal reflector antenna in tropism umbrella convex surface, by introducing super surface texture on the convex mirror conformal with umbrella convex surface carrier,
Phase compensation is carried out to incidence wave, obtains the plane wave front of high directionality pencil beam, is realized conformal with umbrella convex surface carrier
The beam alignmetn of convex refractive surface antenna.
To achieve the above object, the technical scheme taken of the present invention is：
A kind of conformal reflector antenna in high directionality umbrella convex surface based on super surface, including umbrella convex surface carrier 1, umbrella
Convex mirror 2, feed 3, coaxial crossover sub 4 and supporting construction 5, the convex surface of umbrella convex surface carrier 1 is by the idol positioned at top
Number shape face and the compound convex surface composition of the n groups for connecting with the positive n in Xing Miange and bending downwards, every group of compound convex surface in positive n
Comprising the m plane isosceles trapezoids extended downwardly by certain curvature, wherein, n >=4, m >=2；The umbrella convex mirror 2, by inlaying
The discrete super surface 21 of plane polygon on positive n sides shape face and m × n plane isosceles being embedded on the compound convex surface of n groups are terraced
The discrete super surface 22 of shape forms, and forms reflecting surface structure；The discrete super surface 21 of the plane polygon and plane isosceles trapezoid from
Dissipate super surface 22, including medium substrate, be printed on medium substrate lower surface radiation floor and upper surface the super table of resonant ring
Face, wherein, the resonant ring that the super surface of resonant ring is linearly arranged by multiple different sizes and in periodic two-dimensional forms, and passes through umbrella
The radius of curvature and focal length of convex mirror 2, and the coordinate value of each resonant ring position, determine that each resonant ring is provided incidence wave
Additive phase offset and physical dimension, realize beam alignmetn and pencil beam of any curvature umbrella convex mirror to electromagnetic wave
Composite character；The feed 3 is fixed on the focal position of umbrella convex mirror 2 by supporting construction 5, and passes through coaxial crossover sub
4 are fed.
The above-mentioned conformal reflector antenna in high directionality umbrella convex surface based on super surface, the plane isosceles trapezoid are discrete super
Surface 22, the waist length of its radiation floor is equal with the catercorner length of the radiation floor on the discrete super surface 21 of plane polygon, often
One diagonal of bar waist and the waist being sequentially connected with its end points and the radiation floor on the discrete super surface 21 of plane polygon connects
The convex broken line being connected into is in the same plane, and angle of the convex broken line per adjacent two lines section is equal, and its institute is in the plane
The radius of circumscribed circle be defined as the radius of curvature of umbrella convex mirror 2.
The above-mentioned conformal reflector antenna in high directionality umbrella convex surface based on super surface, the resonant ring, its phase compensation
φ calculation formula is：
Wherein, k is the wave number in free space, and x and y are respectively the coordinate value of resonant ring position, and r is umbrella convex surface
The radius of curvature of mirror 2, fLFor the focal length of umbrella convex mirror 2.
The above-mentioned conformal reflector antenna in high directionality umbrella convex surface based on super surface, the resonant ring, using annulus knot
Structure, for realizing the phase compensation of incidence wave.
The present invention compared with prior art, has advantages below：
(1) reflecting surface of inventive antenna is convex mirror, and by introducing super surface texture on convex mirror, incidence wave is existed
Phase compensation is carried out during reflection, obtains the antenna pattern of high directionality pencil beam, it is and of the prior art highly directional mild-natured
The conformal reflecting surface in face is compared, and realizes the beam alignmetn of the convex refractive surface antenna conformal with umbrella convex surface carrier.
(2) super surface texture of the invention is metal circular resonant ring, has isotropic property, suitable on certainly
The centrosymmetric umbrella convex configuration of body, different phase compensation numerical value is realized by resonance ring size, it is simple in construction to be easy to adjust
Control, and the design of the resonant ring has versatility, can load on and incidence wave is carried out on the convex mirror surface of any curvature
Phase compensation.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the overall structure diagram of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of resonant ring of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the embodiment of the present invention and removes antenna pattern comparison diagram of the convex mirror in 20.0GHz of resonance ring structure；
Fig. 4 is the embodiment of the present invention and removes near field electric field intensity map comparison diagram of the convex mirror in 20.0GHz of resonance ring structure；
Fig. 5 is max gain change tendency chart of the embodiment of the present invention in 19.0GHz~21.0GHz；
Fig. 6 is S11 analogous diagram of the embodiment of the present invention in 19.0GHz~21.0GHz.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in further detail.
Reference picture 1, a kind of conformal reflector antenna in high directionality umbrella convex surface based on super surface, including umbrella convex surface carry
Body 1, umbrella convex mirror 2, feed 3, coaxial crossover sub 4 and supporting construction 5, the convex surface of umbrella convex surface carrier 1 by positioned at
The octagon face at top and the 8 groups of compound convex surface compositions for connecting with each side in octagon face and bending downwards, every group compound
Convex surface includes 2 plane isosceles trapezoids extended downwardly by certain curvature, the umbrella convex mirror 2, by being embedded in octagon
The discrete super surface 21 of plane polygon on face and the discrete super table of 2 × 8 plane isosceles trapezoids being embedded on 8 groups of compound convex surfaces
Face 22 forms, and forms reflecting surface structure.
The discrete super surface 21 of the plane polygon and the discrete super surface 22 of plane isosceles trapezoid, including medium substrate,
Be printed on the super surface of resonant ring of the radiation floor and upper surface of medium substrate lower surface, wherein printing radiation floor side with
Umbrella convex surface carrier 1 is connected, and the super surface of resonant ring is by multiple different sizes and is in the resonance ring group that periodic two-dimensional is linearly arranged
Into the resonant ring uses circular ring structure, and arrangement mode is：The region that each resonant ring occupies is 3.0mm × 3.0mm square
Unit, the square center overlap with resonance ring center, and multiple square shaped cells regions surpass two-dimensional line on surface in resonant ring
Property Mi Pu, make the super surface of resonant ring as far as possible include between greater number of resonant ring and resonant ring mutually it is misaligned.
The discrete super surface 21 of plane polygon, the thickness of its medium substrate are 0.5mm, medium substrate, radiation floor
The length of side for surpassing surface with resonant ring is 14.9mm, and catercorner length is 39mm, and the super surface of its resonant ring is by 33 different rule
The resonant ring composition of lattice.
The discrete super surface 22 of plane isosceles trapezoid, waist length and the discrete super surface 21 of plane polygon of its radiation floor
Radiation floor catercorner length it is equal, every waist and the waist being sequentially connected with its end points and the discrete super table of plane polygon
The convex broken line that one diagonal of the radiation floor in face 21 connects into is in the same plane, and the convex broken line is per adjacent two
The angle of bar line segment is equal, is 11.42 °, its radius r of circumscribed circle in the plane be defined as the song of umbrella convex mirror 2
Rate radius, wherein, r=195mm.
The discrete super surface 22 of plane isosceles trapezoid, shares 16, and it is adjacent with the discrete super surface 21 of plane polygon
The discrete super surface 22 of 8 plane isosceles trapezoids structure it is identical, dielectric substrate thickness is 0.5mm, medium substrate, spoke
The upper bottom for penetrating floor and the super surface of resonant ring is 14.9mm, and waist length is 39mm, and bottom is 44.2mm, each super table of resonant ring
Face is made up of the resonant ring of 60 different sizes.
The residue 8 plane isosceles trapezoids discrete super surface adjacent with the discrete super surface 22 of above-mentioned 8 plane isosceles trapezoids
22 structure is identical, and its dielectric substrate thickness is 0.5mm, medium substrate, radiation floor and the super surface of resonant ring it is upper
Bottom is 44.2mm, and waist length is 39mm, and bottom is 71.7mm, each super surface of resonant ring by 117 different sizes resonance
Ring group into.
At the center of umbrella convex mirror 2 cartesian coordinate system, x-axis and the water of umbrella convex mirror 2 are established for the origin of coordinates
Plane is parallel, and y-axis is parallel with the vertical plane of umbrella convex mirror 2, and x-axis is with y-axis each parallel to the discrete super surface 21 of plane polygon
Radiation floor a diagonal, the radius of curvature r=195mm of umbrella convex mirror 2, focal length fL=90mm, feed 3 use in
Cross-sectional width is 12.95mm, is highly 6.477mm, and single mode transport frequency range is 14.5GHz~22.0GHz standard WR51
Waveguide, the focal position of umbrella convex mirror 2 is fixed on by supporting construction 5, waveguide port face is centrally located at the z=of z-axis
At 90mm, ripple port inner section broadside is parallel with x-axis, is fed by coaxial crossover sub 4.
Reference picture 2, the resonant ring, its phase compensation φ calculation formula are：
Wherein, k is the wave number in free space, and x and y are respectively the coordinate value of resonant ring position, and r is umbrella convex surface
The radius of curvature of mirror 2, fLFor the focal length of umbrella convex mirror 2, resonant ring uses circular ring structure, for realizing that the phase of incidence wave is mended
Repay, the phase number of each resonant ring is first calculated according to formula, then adjust the radius size R and feature sizes D of resonant ring, realize
Phase compensation to incidence wave, the wherein phase response of resonance ring structure are more sensitive for the incidence angle of electromagnetic wave, structure chi
The phase response of very little identical but different incidence angle multiple resonant rings is different, therefore when adjusting the physical dimension of each resonant ring,
Need to consider the influence of incidence angle, the umbrella convex mirror 2 is identical for incidence angle but enter on coordinates system origin symmetry
Penetrating the different multiple resonant rings in direction needs identical phase response, therefore the design of resonant ring is used to electromagnetic wave with each
To the circular ring structure of the same sex.
In the present embodiment, it is contemplated that the discrete super surface 21 of plane polygon and the discrete super surface 22 of plane isosceles trapezoid are respective
Geometric symmetry, only design the resonance ring structure in partial coordinates regions, it is right that the resonance ring structure in remaining region passes through
Title property obtains, and the specific dimensional structure of resonant ring is as follows：
The super surface of resonant ring on the discrete super surface 21 of plane polygon includes 33 resonant rings, and coordinate x constant interval is x
∈ [0.00mm, 37.91mm], coordinate y constant interval are y ∈ [0.00mm, 18.00mm], and the constant interval of incidence angle is
[0 °, 16.7 °], the reflected phase section of realization is [- 170 °, -106 °], and radius R is from 1.34mm to 1.40mm, line width D
From 0.10mm to 0.30mm.
The 8 plane isosceles trapezoids discrete super surface 22, each plane etc. adjacent with the discrete super surface 21 of plane polygon
The super surface of resonant ring on the trapezoidal discrete super surface 22 of waist includes 60 resonant rings, coordinate x constant interval for x ∈ [15.93mm,
47.44mm], coordinate y constant interval is y ∈ [7.55mm, 37.91mm], the constant interval of incidence angle for [29.5 °,
50.9 °], the reflected phase section of realization is [- 179 ° ,+167 °], radius R from 0.5mm to 1.40mm, line width D from
0.10mm to 0.55mm.
The residue 8 plane isosceles trapezoids discrete super surface adjacent with the discrete super surface 22 of above-mentioned 8 plane isosceles trapezoids
22, the super surface of resonant ring on each discrete super surface 22 of plane isosceles trapezoid includes 117 resonant rings, coordinate x constant interval
For x ∈ [43.11mm, 78.88mm], coordinate y constant interval is y ∈ [21.18mm, 63.16mm], the constant interval of incidence angle
For [61.8 °, 70.9 °], the reflected phase section of realization is [- 178 ° ,+175 °], and radius R is from 0.5mm to 1.40mm, line
Wide D is from 0.10mm to 0.55mm.
In the present embodiment, the horizontal plane bore of umbrella convex mirror 2 is equal with vertical plane bore, realizes outgoing wave form of a stroke or a combination of strokes ripple
Beam, reflecting surface bore is in x-axis length x=187.34mm, in y-axis length y=187.34mm.
Below in conjunction with emulation experiment, the technique effect of the present invention is described further：
1st, simulated conditions and content
Antenna pattern pair using three-dimensional full-wave electromagnetic field simulation software CST STUDIO SUITE 2016 to the present invention
Emulated than figure, near field electric field intensity map comparison diagram, max gain change tendency chart and S11 analogous diagrams, its result such as Fig. 3, Fig. 4,
Shown in Fig. 5 and Fig. 6.
2nd, analysis of simulation result
Reference picture 3, the embodiment of the present invention and antenna pattern contrast of the convex mirror in 20.0GHz for removing resonance ring structure
Figure, curve 1 represent the gain in embodiment H faces with azimuthal change, and greatest irradiation direction is 0 °, gain 22.5dBi, half work(
Rate beam angle is 6.2 °, and curve 2 represents the gain in embodiment E faces with azimuthal change, and greatest irradiation direction is 0 °, gain
For 22.5dBi, half-power beam width is 7.1 °, and curve 3 represents the gain in the H faces for the convex mirror for removing resonance ring structure with side
The change of parallactic angle, greatest irradiation direction are ± 36 °, gain 4.04dBi, and curve 4 represents the convex mirror for removing resonance ring structure
E faces gain with azimuthal change, greatest irradiation direction is ± 128 °, gain 5.28dBi.Simulation result explanation, this
Invention reflector antenna realizes the pencil beam of high directionality, and the convex mirror for removing resonance ring structure can not realize wave beam school
It is accurate.
The convex mirror of reference picture 4 (a) and Fig. 4 (b), the embodiment of the present invention and removal resonance ring structure is in the near of 20.0GHz
Field electric field intensity map comparison diagram, Fig. 4 (a) are the near field electric field intensity map of the embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 4 (b) is the convex surface for removing resonance ring structure
The near field electric field intensity map of mirror.Simulation result illustrates that the incidence wave sent from feed is conformal by the umbrella shape convex surface based on super surface
After reflective surface, plane wave front is obtained in the propagation direction, and from the incidence wave that feed is sent by removing resonance ring structure
Convex mirror postwave misconvergence of beams, it is impossible to realize beam alignmetn.
Reference picture 5, max gain change tendency chart of the embodiment of the present invention in 19.0GHz~21.0GHz.Simulation result is said
Bright, in 19.0GHz~21.0GHz frequency separation, antenna maximum gain changes obvious, frequency optimum traffic section with frequency
For 19.7GHz~20.4GHz, gain is generally more than 22.0dBi, and wherein gain maximum is 22.9dBi, and now working frequency is
20.2GHz。
Reference picture 6, S11 analogous diagram of the embodiment of the present invention in 19.0GHz~21.0GHz.Simulation result explanation,
In 19.0GHz~21.0GHz frequency separation, antenna S11 changes obvious, entirely below -10dB with frequency.
As can be seen here, a kind of conformal reflector antenna in high directionality umbrella convex surface based on super surface proposed by the present invention,
Solve the problems, such as that convex mirror conformal with umbrella convex surface carrier in the prior art can not realize beam alignmetn, can be super by adjusting
Surface texture carries out phase compensation on the convex mirror of any curvature to incidence wave, realizes the plane wave of high directionality pencil beam
Before, the application of reflector antenna is expanded, suitable for fields such as radio communication and target acquisitions.
Above description is only the specific embodiment of the present invention, does not form any limitation of the invention.It should be appreciated that
For professional and technical personnel in the field, after the principle of the present invention is understood, according to the above description to form, details and parameter etc.
Improved or converted, all these modifications and variations should all belong to the protection domain of appended claims of the present invention.
Claims (4)
- A kind of 1. conformal reflector antenna in high directionality umbrella convex surface based on super surface, it is characterised in that：Including umbrella convex surface Carrier (1), umbrella convex mirror (2), feed (3), coaxial crossover sub (4) and supporting construction (5)；Umbrella convex surface carrier (1) convex surface is multiple in shape face and the n groups for connecting with Xing Miange sides during the positive n and bending downwards by the positive n of even number of sides positioned at top Close convex surface composition, the plane isosceles trapezoids that every group of Convex Composite bread is extended downwardly containing m by certain curvature, wherein, n >=4, m >= 2；The umbrella convex mirror (2), by the discrete super surface (21) of the plane polygon being embedded on positive n sides shape face and it is embedded in n groups Discrete super surface (22) composition of m × n plane isosceles trapezoid on compound convex surface, forms reflecting surface structure；The planar polygonal The discrete super surface (21) of shape and the discrete super surface (22) of plane isosceles trapezoid, including medium substrate, are printed under medium substrate The radiation floor on surface and the super surface of the resonant ring of upper surface, wherein, the super surface of resonant ring is by multiple different sizes and is in the cycle Property two-dimensional linear arrangement resonant ring composition, pass through the radius of curvature and focal length of umbrella convex mirror (2), and each resonant ring where The coordinate value of position, additive phase offset and physical dimension that each resonant ring provided incidence wave are determined, realizes any curvature Beam alignmetn and pencil beam composite character of the umbrella convex mirror to electromagnetic wave；The feed (3) is fixed by supporting construction (5) Fed in the focal position of umbrella convex mirror (2), and by coaxial crossover sub (4).
- 2. the high directionality umbrella convex surface conformal reflector antenna according to claim 1 based on super surface, its feature exist In, the discrete super surface (22) of plane isosceles trapezoid, waist length and the discrete super surface (21) of plane polygon of its radiation floor Radiation floor catercorner length it is equal, every waist and the waist being sequentially connected with its end points and the discrete super table of plane polygon The convex broken line that one diagonal of the radiation floor in face (21) connects into is in the same plane, and the convex broken line is per adjacent two The angle of bar line segment is equal, its radius of circumscribed circle in the plane be defined as the radius of curvature of umbrella convex mirror (2).
- 3. the high directionality umbrella convex surface conformal reflector antenna according to claim 1 based on super surface, its feature exist In, the resonant ring, its phase compensation numerical value φ is：<mrow> <mi>&phi;</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mi>k</mi> <msqrt> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msup> <mi>x</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mo>+</mo> <msup> <mi>y</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mo>)</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mo>(</mo> <mi>r</mi> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>f</mi> <mi>L</mi> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <msqrt> <mrow> <msup> <mi>r</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mo>-</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msup> <mi>x</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mo>+</mo> <msup> <mi>y</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </msqrt> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </msqrt> </mrow>Wherein, k is the wave number in free space, and x and y are respectively the coordinate value of resonant ring position, and r is umbrella convex mirror (2) radius of curvature, fLFor the focal length of umbrella convex mirror (2).
- 4. the high directionality umbrella convex surface conformal reflector antenna according to claim 1 based on super surface, its feature exist In the resonant ring, using circular ring structure, for realizing the phase compensation of incidence wave.
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| CN111430931A (en) * | 2020-04-01 | 2020-07-17 | 武汉虹信通信技术有限责任公司 | Radiation sheet for broadband antenna and broadband antenna |
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