CN107633340B - Water supply pipe network leakage area rapid identification method based on pressure monitoring - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a water supply pipe network leakage area rapid identification method based on pressure monitoring, which comprises the following steps: establishing a leakage response threshold value of the pressure monitoring equipment, calculating the minimum leakage flow of each pressure monitoring equipment caused by the water consumption nodes, determining the minimum alarm flow of each water consumption node, and dividing the leakage monitoring area of the pressure monitoring equipment. The method is a brand-new water supply network leakage area rapid identification technical method, has originality, and has important scientific significance and application value for monitoring leakage of urban water supply networks.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of municipal engineering and urban water supply pipe network leakage control.
Background
According to statistics, the annual average leakage rate of urban water supply networks in China reaches about 18 percent, and the annual water loss rate of partial cities even exceeds 25 percent, so that the annual water loss is over 50 hundred million meters3The water consumption is 2 times of the total annual water consumption in Guangzhou city towns. The leakage of the water supply network not only causes great water resource waste, but also causes water quality pollution and secondary disasters (such as road surface collapse) of the water supply network, and is an important obstacle for sustainable development of national economy and society in China. Therefore, how to effectively monitor the leakage and improve the water supply efficiency is a problem which needs to be solved urgently in social development.
For solving the problem of leakage of urban water supply networks, a series of policies are developed by the nation, for example, the center of 2014 proposes a sixteen-character water control policy of 'priority for water saving, space balance, system management and two-hand force application', wherein the priority for water saving is placed at the head; the 'opinion on accelerating the construction of ecological civilization' of the common central State Council and 'Water Ten' are obtained in 2015, and the requirement that the urban leakage rate needs to be controlled within 10% in 2020 is clearly provided. Therefore, urban leakage control has been an important strategic target of national development.
Aiming at the problem of leakage of a water supply network, a great deal of work has been carried out by the majority of scientific research workers, and the research and development of leakage detection equipment and the construction of a leakage model are mainly focused. The current leakage detecting equipment comprises a leakage listening rod, a leakage listening cake, an electronic leakage listening instrument, an automatic noise recorder, a correlation instrument and the like. Although these devices may help in missed positioning, they are expensive to apply, inefficient, and have high demands on the working environment, and thus have difficulties in practical applications. The leakage model research mainly comprises the step of positioning the leakage position by monitoring data of pressure and flow equipment and applying a water supply network hydraulic model and an optimization algorithm. Such methods are inexpensive to apply, but are not highly accurate and have drawbacks particularly in large complex water supply networks.
In order to overcome the defects of the method, a coupled leakage positioning technology is provided by scientific research workers, and the idea is to identify a leakage area through online monitoring equipment (mainly pressure monitoring), and then accurately position the leakage in the area by using leakage detection equipment. The coupling technology can greatly improve the efficiency of leakage positioning and reduce the cost. However, an important bottleneck problem of this type of technology is how to quickly and accurately identify the missed areas by the monitoring device.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows: the method for rapidly identifying the leakage area of the water supply pipe network based on pressure monitoring is provided, so that the positioning efficiency and accuracy of the leakage area are improved, guidance is provided for accurate positioning of leakage, and the leakage repairing time is shortened (the amount of leakage water is reduced).
The overall core technical scheme of the method is as follows:
(1) establishing a leakage response threshold value of the pressure monitoring equipment, wherein a specific calculation formula is as follows:
C(t)＝f5％([P1(t),P2(t),...,PM(t)]T) 1-1，
c (K, t) is a leakage response threshold value of the pressure monitoring equipment K being 1, …, K (K is a serial number of the pressure monitoring equipment according to the number, and K is the total number of the pressure monitoring equipment in the pipe network) at the time t (the water demand of the water supply pipe network at different times t is different, and the leakage response threshold value of the pressure monitoring equipment is also different); f. of5％(. 5% quantile function for data sequence; [ P ]1(t),P2(t),...,PM(t)]TA data sequence formed by pressure historical values of the pressure monitoring equipment k at the same time t every day; m represents the total number of history values. From the historical pressure time series, equation 1-1 may quickly determine the leak response threshold for each pressure monitoring device at time t.
(2) Calculating the minimum leakage flow (defined as alarm flow) of each pressure monitoring device which is caused by the water consumption node to give an alarm (the pressure value is smaller than the leakage response threshold), wherein the specific calculation formula is as follows:
in the formula fmin-q(j, K and t) are nodes j equal to 1, …, and N (N is the total number of water consumption nodes of the water supply network) can cause the minimum flow rate of the pressure monitoring equipment K equal to 1, … and K to give an alarm at the time t (K is the serial number of the pressure monitoring equipment according to the number, and K is the total number of the pressure monitoring equipment in the pipe network); h isk(t,qj) For node j when the leakage flow is qjThe pressure of the pressure monitoring device k (obtained by calculation of a water supply network pressure driven hydraulic model); ck(t) is the leak-off response threshold (defined in equation 1-1) for the pressure monitoring device k at time t.
(3) The minimum alarm flow for each water usage node is determined. According to the formula 1-2, each water consumption node can obtain K different alarm flows at the time t, and an alarm flow set omega (j, t) is defined as:
Ω(j,t)＝[fmin-q(j,k＝1,t),fmin-q(j,k＝2,t),...,fmin-q(j,k＝N,t)]T 1-3，
thus, the pressure monitoring device corresponding to the minimum flow in the alarm flow set Ω (j, t) can be defined as:
(4) dividing a leakage monitoring area of the pressure monitoring equipment, wherein a specific calculation formula is as follows:
SP(k,t)＝{j:fmin-sensor(j,t)＝k,j∈{1,...,N}} 1-5
in the formula, SP (k, t) is the set of nodes of the water supply network monitored by the pressure monitoring device k, i.e. the leakage of these nodes is most easily (first) detected by the pressure monitoring device k. From the equations 1 to 5, the inventive method divides the water supply network into K different sub-areas.
In order to solve the bottleneck problem in the field of leakage area positioning in the background technology, the invention firstly provides a quick leakage area identification method based on pressure monitoring. The method comprises the steps of firstly, carrying out regional division on a water supply network according to hydraulic association characteristics between pressure monitoring equipment and node leakage to determine the most sensitive leakage response sub-region SP (k, t) (namely a leakage monitoring region) of each pressure monitoring equipment, then monitoring the online numerical value of the pressure equipment of the water supply network, and once the pressure monitoring equipment k is found to be abnormal at the time t (namely the pressure value is smaller than the leakage response threshold value, see formula 1-1), locking the SP (k, t) sub-region associated with the pressure monitoring equipment k as a leakage region to achieve the purpose of rapidly identifying the leakage region.
Compared with the prior lost area positioning technology, the method has the following main advantages: the existing leakage area positioning technology is basically used for determining the leakage position through an intelligent optimization algorithm, the calculation time is long, and the quick positioning of the leakage area is difficult to realize; due to the use of an intelligent algorithm, the problem of uncertainty of solution generally exists in the existing leakage area positioning method, but the method disclosed by the invention is not required to be optimized at all, and the result has good stability. In general, the method is a brand-new water supply network leakage area rapid identification technical method, is original, and has important scientific significance and application value for urban water supply network leakage monitoring.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a general flowchart of the quick identification method of a missing area according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a water supply network, wherein the large circle points represent pressure monitoring points.
FIG. 3 shows the leakage response threshold (when the water consumption is lowest) for 18 pressure monitoring points of a water supply network
FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the distribution of the leakage monitoring area of the pressure monitoring points (when the water consumption is the lowest), wherein the large dots are the pressure monitoring points, and the area inside the dotted line is the leakage monitoring area of the pressure monitoring points
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1, the specific implementation steps of the present invention are as follows:
(1) preprocessing pressure monitoring point data: and (3) collecting historical data of the pipe network pressure monitoring points in the last period (preferably 2-4 years) aiming at each pressure monitoring point, and arranging the pressure data at the same time every day in the order from small to large. For example, in a city water supply network (as shown in fig. 2), pressure data of a certain pressure monitoring device at 8 am in the last three years are arranged from small to large: 18.75m,18.76m,18.78m, …,20.01m,20.02m,20.03m, …,21.25m,21.26m,21.30 m.
(2) Determining a pressure monitoring device leak-off response threshold: the 5 th percentile of the data sequence is determined as the leak response threshold of the pressure monitoring device at this time, according to equation 1-1. For example, in step (1), the leak response threshold at 8 am for a pressure monitoring point in a municipal water supply network (as shown in fig. 2) at a certain location is 19.36 m.
(3) Establishing a water supply network pressure driving hydraulic calculation model: since the leakage flow is pressure dependent, according to the formula Q ═ CHγ(Q is leakage flow, C is leakage coefficient, H is node pressure, gamma is pressure index, generally 0.5) and calculating the pipe network node pressure under the leakage working condition by using a pressure driving model.
(4) Calculating the node alarm flow: according to the formula 1-2, the minimum flow value (alarm flow) of each pressure monitoring device which is caused by the pipe network node to give an alarm (namely the pressure value is smaller than the leakage response threshold) is calculated, an alarm flow set omega (j, t) is obtained, and the number of flow values in the set is equal to the total number of the pressure monitoring devices. In practical application, the node leakage flow can be gradually increased, the pressure at the monitoring equipment is calculated by using the pressure driving model until the pressure monitoring equipment gives an alarm, and therefore the alarm flow is determined.
(5) Determining the pressure monitoring equipment corresponding to the minimum alarm flow of the node: and determining the pressure monitoring equipment corresponding to the minimum alarm flow value from omega (j, t) by applying formulas 1 to 4, namely determining the number corresponding to the pressure monitoring equipment, and finding the corresponding pressure monitoring equipment.
(6) Dividing a leakage monitoring area of the monitoring equipment: the node set SP (k, t) monitored by each pressure monitoring device is determined by applying the formulas 1 to 5, and each pressure monitoring device is most sensitive to node pressure fluctuation in a monitoring area, so that the leakage events of the nodes can be detected most easily.
(7) Positioning a leakage area: in practical engineering application, when online pressure data of the pressure monitoring equipment k is lower than a leakage response threshold value of the equipment at the same time (t), according to the areas divided in the step (5), the leakage area can be locked as a monitoring area SP (k, t) corresponding to the equipment k, so that the leakage area can be quickly and accurately positioned.
The method of the invention is applied to a city water supply network (as shown in figure 2) in a certain place. The water supply network system comprises 1 water source, 3439 nodes, 3512 pipe sections and 18 pressure monitoring points (large round points). And selecting the time when the water consumption of the pipe network is the lowest as the leakage detection time so as to reduce the influence of interference factors and improve the judgment accuracy. Fig. 3 shows the leak response threshold for each pressure monitoring device at the lowest water usage. Fig. 4 shows a schematic distribution diagram of the pressure monitoring point leakage monitoring area, as shown in the figure, the pipe network is divided into 18 sub-areas, and each sub-area only contains one pressure monitoring device.
Once the water supply network on-line pressure monitoring data (device k) falls below the leak response threshold, the monitoring device issues an anomaly alarm and the leak region SP (k, t) can be quickly locked, as per fig. 4. The method of the invention has better application effect in the actual large-scale water supply pipe network.
Claims (1)
1. A water supply network leakage area rapid identification method based on pressure monitoring is characterized in that:
the method can realize the rapid and accurate positioning of the leakage area of the water supply pipe network according to the pressure monitoring so as to reduce the leakage repair time and further reduce the leakage water quantity, and the method comprises the following steps:
(1) establishing a leakage response threshold value of the pressure monitoring equipment, wherein a specific calculation formula is as follows:
Ck(t)＝f5％([P1(t),P2(t),...,PM(t)]T) 1-1，
in the formula Ck(t) is a leakage response threshold value of the pressure monitoring equipment K at the time t, wherein K is the serial number of the pressure monitoring equipment according to the number, and K is the total number of the pressure monitoring equipment in the pipe network; f. of5％(. 5% quantile function for data sequence; [ P ]1(t),P2(t),...,PM(t)]TA data sequence formed by pressure historical values of the pressure monitoring equipment k at the same time t every day; m represents the total number of history values;
(2) calculating the minimum leakage flow of each pressure monitoring device caused by the water consumption node, wherein the pressure value is smaller than the leakage response threshold value to cause the pressure monitoring device to alarm, the minimum leakage flow is defined as the alarm flow, and the specific calculation formula is as follows:
in the formula fmin-q(j, K, t) is a node j equal to 1, …, N can cause the minimum flow rate of the pressure monitoring equipment K equal to 1, …, K alarm at the time t, wherein N is the total water consumption node number of the water supply network, K is the number of the pressure monitoring equipment according to the number, and K is the total number of the pressure monitoring equipment in the network; h isk(t,qj) For node j when the leakage flow is qjMonitoring the pressure of the device k by using the pressure of the water supply network, wherein the pressure is obtained by calculating a water supply network pressure driving hydraulic model;
(3) determining the minimum alarm flow of each water consumption node, wherein according to a formula 1-2, each water consumption node can obtain K different alarm flows at the moment t, K is the total number of pressure monitoring devices in a pipe network, and an alarm flow set omega (j, t) is defined as follows:
Ω(j,t)＝[fmin-q(j,k＝1,t),fmin-q(j,k＝2,t),...,fmin-q(j,k＝N,t)]T 1-3，
thus, the pressure monitoring device corresponding to the minimum flow in the alarm flow set Ω (j, t) can be defined as:
(4) dividing a leakage monitoring area of the pressure monitoring equipment, wherein a specific calculation formula is as follows:
SP(k,t)＝{j:fmin-sensor(j,t)＝k,j∈{1,...,N}} 1-5，
and in the formula, SP (k, t) is a water supply network node set monitored by the pressure monitoring equipment k at the time t, and when the pressure value of the pressure monitoring equipment k is smaller than the leakage response threshold value, the SP (k, t) sub-area associated with the pressure monitoring equipment k is judged to be a leakage area.
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| CN110570005B (en) * | 2018-06-06 | 2022-04-26 | 浙江大学 | Engineering optimization method for improving water quality pollution monitoring efficiency of water supply pipe network |
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| CN108916663B (en) * | 2018-09-08 | 2020-08-21 | 大连德泰水务有限公司 | Municipal water supply pipe network monitoring system and monitoring method |
| CN110185092B (en) * | 2019-04-19 | 2020-07-07 | 浙江大学 | Dynamic DMA partition-based leakage monitoring method for town water supply system |
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| CN112182984B (en) * | 2020-08-18 | 2022-04-26 | 浙江大学 | Real-time simulation method for sewage pipe network based on water supply Internet of things data driving |
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