CN107630234A - A kind of method for preparing scandium bearing master alloy using villaumite oxide system molten-salt electrolysis - Google Patents
A kind of method for preparing scandium bearing master alloy using villaumite oxide system molten-salt electrolysis Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A kind of method for preparing scandium bearing master alloy using villaumite oxide system molten-salt electrolysis, using scandium oxide as raw material, in NaCl CaCl2Or KCl CaCl2In the electrolysis of fused chloride salt matter of composition, CaO or MgO is added, and adds electrolysis raw material Sc2O3Chloride oxide fused salt mixt electrolyte is formed, using liquid aluminium as negative electrode, graphite is anode, passes to direct current electrolysis under the conditions of being 670~780 DEG C in temperature, anodic current density is 0.5~1.5A/cm2, 4~10h of electrolysis time, liquid scandium bearing master alloy is obtained in bottom of electrolytic tank negative electrode.The present invention has simple process, and production cost is low, product purity height, is easy to continuous production, the advantages of without with reducing agent；Bottom of electrolytic tank negative electrode obtains liquid scandium bearing master alloy in electrolytic process simultaneously, and anode releases CO2, produced without other pernicious gases, effectively reduce and environment is caused seriously to pollute.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to scandium bearing master alloy preparing technical field, more particularly to one kind to utilize villaumite oxide system fused salt
The method of electrolytic preparation scandium bearing master alloy.
Background technology
Scandium is a kind of rare earth element, is that the most strong alterant of cast aluminium alloy gold grain structure and processing semi-finished product are maximally effective
Recrystallization inhibitor, Microamounts of Scandium (0.1wt%~0.4wt%) is added into aluminium alloy, crystal grain refinement, suppression can be promoted to tie again
Crystalline substance, significantly improve intensity, toughness, welding and the decay resistance of aluminium alloy.Mo-bearing granitoid is because can significantly improve conventional aluminum
The combination property of alloy, it is widely used in the fields such as aerospace industry, military industry, civilian industry.Yet with the negative electricity of scandium
Property is highest in rare earth metal, and chemism is high, and fusing point is up to 1541 DEG C, differs greatly with 660 DEG C of the fusing point of aluminium, directly
Connect and be not easy to be well mixed when founding aluminium-scandium alloy, the aluminium scadium compound coarse grains of formation, segregation is seriously；In industrial aluminium-scandium alloy
Scandium must be added in the form of scandium bearing master alloy in production process, therefore scandium bearing master alloy is the pass for producing industrial aluminium-scandium alloy
Key raw material.
Scandium bearing master alloy preparation method has to the method for mixing, metallothermic processes and fused salt electrolysis process, wherein, fused salt electrolysis process
With simple process, production cost is low, is easy to continuous production, the advantages that without with reducing agent, it can be difficult to be used to produce
Fusing point is higher than more than 1000 DEG C of simple metal, when making negative electrode using liquid metal Al, Mg or Zn, in negative electrode deposit alloy element
Corresponding alloy can be produced.In fluoride smelt salt, with Sc2O3For waste Al-Sc intermediate alloys when, generally fluorination
Thing molten salt electrolyte temperature is higher, to equipment and the seriously corroded of electrode, and Sc2O3Solubility is relatively low in the electrolyte, is unfavorable for
Electrolytic process steady Effec-tive Function for a long time.At present used by Chlorides molten salts electrolytic preparation scandium bearing master alloy
Electrolyte composition is mainly LiCl/NaCl-KCl-ScCl3, during electrolysis, suitable condition is controlled, makes Sc3+In negative electrode
On be reduced to metal simple-substance, while carry out alloying, you can scandium bearing master alloy is obtained, because electrolysis raw material uses chlorination
Scandium, the Cl on anode-Generation chlorine is oxidized, because chlorine without good utilization ways, easily causes seriously to environment to caused by
Pollution, and raw material ScCl3Preparation flow is grown, and equipment is complicated, and production cost is high.
The content of the invention
Technical problem solved by the invention is that provide one kind prepares aluminium scandium using villaumite oxide system molten-salt electrolysis
The method of intermediate alloy, to solve the shortcomings that in above-mentioned background technology.
Technical problem solved by the invention is realized using following technical scheme：
A kind of method for preparing scandium bearing master alloy using villaumite oxide system molten-salt electrolysis, is comprised the following steps that：
S1, using scandium oxide as raw material, in NaCl-CaCl2Or KCl-CaCl2In the electrolysis of fused chloride salt matter of composition, add
CaO or MgO, and electrolysis raw material Sc is added simultaneously2O3Form chloride-oxide fused salt mixt electrolyte；
S2, by step S1) in the chloride-oxide fused salt mixt electrolyte for preparing be placed in electrolytic cell, with liquid aluminium
For negative electrode, graphite is anode, connects dc source electrolytic chlorine compound-oxide fused salt mixt electrolyte, cloudy in bottom of electrolytic tank
Pole obtains liquid scandium bearing master alloy；Anode releases CO2, produced without other pernicious gases.
In the present invention, step S1) in, NaCl：CaCl2Mol ratio is 0.35~0.85：1, KCl：CaCl2Mol ratio is
0.35~3：1.
In the present invention, step S1) in, CaO addition accounts for the 5 of chloride-oxide fused salt mixt electrolyte total amount
~10%, MgO addition account for 5~10%, Sc of chloride-oxide fused salt mixt electrolyte total amount2O3Addition account for chlorine
The 2~8% of compound-oxide fused salt mixt electrolyte total amount.
In the present invention, step S2) in, because electrolyte forms difference, electrolytic cell Inner electrolysis temperature is 670 DEG C~780 DEG C,
Actual temp selects 20 on electrolyte primary crystal temperature DEG C~80 DEG C to be electrolysed according to the liquidus temperature of electrolyte.
In the present invention, step S2) in, electrolytic cell inner anode current density is 0.5~1.5A/cm2, electrolysis time 4~
10h。
Beneficial effect：The present invention has simple process, and production cost is low, and product purity is high, is easy to continuous production, without
The advantages of with reducing agent；Bottom of electrolytic tank negative electrode obtains liquid scandium bearing master alloy in electrolytic process simultaneously, and anode releases CO2,
Produced without other pernicious gases, effectively reduce and environment is caused seriously to pollute.
Embodiment
In order that the technical means, the inventive features, the objects and the advantages of the present invention are easy to understand, tie below
Embodiment is closed, the present invention is expanded on further.
Embodiment 1
A kind of method for preparing scandium bearing master alloy using villaumite oxide system molten-salt electrolysis, is comprised the following steps that：
Using scandium oxide as raw material, in NaCl-CaCl2Electrolysis of fused chloride salt matter (the NaCl of composition：CaCl2Mol ratio is
0.35：1) in, add the CaO for accounting for chloride-oxide fused salt mixt electrolyte total amount 5% and account for chloride-oxide mixing
The Sc of molten salt electrolyte total amount 2%2O3Chloride-oxide fused salt mixt electrolyte is formed, then mixes chloride-oxide
Close molten salt electrolyte to be placed in electrolytic cell, using liquid aluminium as negative electrode, graphite is anode, connects dc source, electrolysis temperature 720
DEG C, anodic current density 0.5A/cm2, electrolysis time 4h, i.e., liquid scandium bearing master alloy is obtained in bottom of electrolytic tank negative electrode,
Anode releases CO2, produced without other pernicious gases；Wherein the mass fraction of scandium is 0.8%, and remaining is aluminium.
Embodiment 2
A kind of method for preparing scandium bearing master alloy using villaumite oxide system molten-salt electrolysis, is comprised the following steps that：
Using scandium oxide as raw material, in NaCl-CaCl2Electrolysis of fused chloride salt matter (the NaCl of composition：CaCl2Mol ratio is
0.4：1) in, add the CaO for accounting for chloride-oxide fused salt mixt electrolyte total amount 8% and account for chloride-oxide mixing and melt
The Sc of salt electrolyte total amount 6%2O3Chloride-oxide fused salt mixt electrolyte is formed, then mixes chloride-oxide
Molten salt electrolyte is placed in electrolytic cell, and using liquid aluminium as negative electrode, graphite is anode, connects dc source, electrolysis temperature 700
DEG C, anodic current density 0.9A/cm2, electrolysis time 6h, i.e., liquid scandium bearing master alloy is obtained in bottom of electrolytic tank negative electrode,
Anode releases CO2, produced without other pernicious gases；Wherein the mass fraction of scandium is 1.5%, and remaining is aluminium.
Embodiment 3
A kind of method for preparing scandium bearing master alloy using villaumite oxide system molten-salt electrolysis, is comprised the following steps that：
Using scandium oxide as raw material, in NaCl-CaCl2Electrolysis of fused chloride salt matter (the NaCl of composition：CaCl2Mol ratio is
0.85：1) in, add the CaO for accounting for chloride-oxide fused salt mixt electrolyte total amount 10% and account for chloride-oxide mixing
The Sc of molten salt electrolyte total amount 8%2O3Chloride-oxide fused salt mixt electrolyte is formed, then mixes chloride-oxide
Close molten salt electrolyte to be placed in electrolytic cell, using liquid aluminium as negative electrode, graphite is anode, connects dc source, electrolysis temperature 670
DEG C, anodic current density 1.5A/cm2, electrolysis time 10h, i.e., liquid scandium bearing master alloy is obtained in bottom of electrolytic tank negative electrode,
Anode releases CO2, produced without other pernicious gases；Wherein the mass fraction of scandium is 3.2%, and remaining is aluminium.
Embodiment 4
A kind of method for preparing scandium bearing master alloy using villaumite oxide system molten-salt electrolysis, is comprised the following steps that：
Using scandium oxide as raw material, in NaCl-CaCl2Electrolysis of fused chloride salt matter (the NaCl of composition：CaCl2Mol ratio is
0.8：1) in, add the MgO for accounting for chloride-oxide fused salt mixt electrolyte total amount 10% and account for chloride-oxide mixing
The Sc of molten salt electrolyte total amount 4%2O3Chloride-oxide fused salt mixt electrolyte is formed, then mixes chloride-oxide
Close molten salt electrolyte to be placed in electrolytic cell, using liquid aluminium as negative electrode, graphite is anode, connects dc source, electrolysis temperature 670
DEG C, anodic current density 1.5A/cm2, electrolysis time 4h, i.e., liquid scandium bearing master alloy is obtained in bottom of electrolytic tank negative electrode,
Anode releases CO2, produced without other pernicious gases；Wherein the mass fraction of scandium is 1.6%, and remaining is aluminium.
Embodiment 5
A kind of method for preparing scandium bearing master alloy using villaumite oxide system molten-salt electrolysis, is comprised the following steps that：
Using scandium oxide as raw material, in KCl-CaCl2Electrolysis of fused chloride salt matter (the KCl of composition：CaCl2Mol ratio is
0.35：1) in, add the CaO for accounting for chloride-oxide fused salt mixt electrolyte total amount 5% and account for chloride-oxide mixing
The Sc of molten salt electrolyte total amount 2%2O3Chloride-oxide fused salt mixt electrolyte is formed, then mixes chloride-oxide
Close molten salt electrolyte to be placed in electrolytic cell, using liquid aluminium as negative electrode, graphite is anode, connects dc source, electrolysis temperature 690
DEG C, anodic current density 0.5A/cm2, electrolysis time 4h, i.e., liquid scandium bearing master alloy is obtained in bottom of electrolytic tank negative electrode,
Anode releases CO2, produced without other pernicious gases；Wherein the mass fraction of scandium is 1.0%, and remaining is aluminium.
Embodiment 6
A kind of method for preparing scandium bearing master alloy using villaumite oxide system molten-salt electrolysis, is comprised the following steps that：
Using scandium oxide as raw material, in KCl-CaCl2Electrolysis of fused chloride salt matter (the KCl of composition：CaCl2Mol ratio is 3：1)
In, add the CaO for accounting for chloride-oxide fused salt mixt electrolyte total amount 10% and account for chloride-oxide fused salt mixt electricity
Solve the Sc of matter total amount 8%2O3Chloride-oxide fused salt mixt electrolyte is formed, then by chloride-oxide fused salt mixt
Electrolyte is placed in electrolytic cell, and using liquid aluminium as negative electrode, graphite is anode, connects dc source, and electrolysis temperature is 670 DEG C, sun
Electrode current density is 1.5A/cm2, electrolysis time 10h, i.e., obtain liquid scandium bearing master alloy, anode in bottom of electrolytic tank negative electrode
Release CO2, produced without other pernicious gases；Wherein the mass fraction of scandium is 2.8%, and remaining is aluminium.
Embodiment 7
A kind of method for preparing scandium bearing master alloy using villaumite oxide system molten-salt electrolysis, is comprised the following steps that：
Using scandium oxide as raw material, in KCl-CaCl2Electrolysis of fused chloride salt matter (the KCl of composition：CaCl2Mol ratio is 1：1)
In, add the CaO for accounting for chloride-oxide fused salt mixt electrolyte total amount 10% and account for chloride-oxide fused salt mixt electricity
Solve the Sc of matter total amount 8%2O3Chloride-oxide fused salt mixt electrolyte is formed, then by chloride-oxide fused salt mixt
Electrolyte is placed in electrolytic cell, and using liquid aluminium as negative electrode, graphite is anode, connects dc source, and electrolysis temperature is 780 DEG C, sun
Electrode current density is 0.5A/cm2, electrolysis time 10h, i.e., obtain liquid scandium bearing master alloy, anode in bottom of electrolytic tank negative electrode
Release CO2, produced without other pernicious gases；Wherein the mass fraction of scandium is 1.5%, and remaining is aluminium.
It was found from 1~embodiment of above-described embodiment 7, scandium bearing master alloy is prepared using villaumite oxide system molten-salt electrolysis
Optimal processing parameter be：NaCl：CaCl2Mol ratio is 0.85：1, CaO addition accounts for chloride-oxide fused salt mixt
10%, Sc of electrolyte total amount2O3Addition account for the 8% of chloride-oxide fused salt mixt electrolyte total amount, electrolysis temperature
For 670 DEG C, anodic current density 1.5A/cm2, electrolysis time 10h.
General principle, principal character and the major advantage of the present invention has been shown and described above.The technical staff of the industry
It should be appreciated that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, simply illustrate the present invention described in above-described embodiment and specification
Principle, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, various changes and modifications of the present invention are possible, these change and
Improvement all fall within the protetion scope of the claimed invention.The claimed scope of the invention is by appended claims and its equivalent
Thing defines.
Claims (7)
- A kind of 1. method for preparing scandium bearing master alloy using villaumite oxide system molten-salt electrolysis, it is characterised in that specific step It is rapid as follows：S1, using scandium oxide as raw material, in NaCl-CaCl2Or KCl-CaCl2In the electrolysis of fused chloride salt matter of composition, CaO is added Or MgO, and electrolysis raw material Sc is added simultaneously2O3Form chloride-oxide fused salt mixt electrolyte；S2, by step S1) in the chloride-oxide fused salt mixt electrolyte for preparing be placed in electrolytic cell, using liquid aluminium to be cloudy Pole, graphite are anode, connect dc source electrolytic chlorine compound-oxide fused salt mixt electrolyte, are obtained in bottom of electrolytic tank negative electrode To liquid scandium bearing master alloy；Anode releases CO2, produced without other pernicious gases.
- A kind of 2. side that scandium bearing master alloy is prepared using villaumite oxide system molten-salt electrolysis according to claim 1 Method, it is characterised in that step S1) in, NaCl：CaCl2Mol ratio is 0.35~0.85：1, KCl：CaCl2Mol ratio be 0.35~ 3：1.
- A kind of 3. side that scandium bearing master alloy is prepared using villaumite oxide system molten-salt electrolysis according to claim 1 Method, it is characterised in that step S1) in, CaO addition account for chloride-oxide fused salt mixt electrolyte total amount 5~ 10%, Sc2O3Addition account for the 2~8% of chloride-oxide fused salt mixt electrolyte total amount.
- A kind of 4. side that scandium bearing master alloy is prepared using villaumite oxide system molten-salt electrolysis according to claim 1 Method, it is characterised in that step S1) in, MgO addition account for chloride-oxide fused salt mixt electrolyte total amount 5~ 10%.
- A kind of 5. side that scandium bearing master alloy is prepared using villaumite oxide system molten-salt electrolysis according to claim 1 Method, it is characterised in that step S2) in, electrolytic cell Inner electrolysis temperature is 670 DEG C~780 DEG C.
- A kind of 6. side that scandium bearing master alloy is prepared using villaumite oxide system molten-salt electrolysis according to claim 1 Method, it is characterised in that step S2) in, electrolytic cell inner anode current density is 0.5~1.5A/cm2, 4~10h of electrolysis time.
- 7. one kind according to claims 1 to 3,5~6 any one prepares aluminium scandium using villaumite oxide system molten-salt electrolysis The method of intermediate alloy, it is characterised in that the optimal work of scandium bearing master alloy is prepared using villaumite oxide system molten-salt electrolysis Skill parameter is：NaCl：CaCl2Mol ratio is 0.85：It is total that 1, CaO addition accounts for chloride-oxide fused salt mixt electrolyte 10%, Sc of amount2O3Addition account for the 8% of chloride-oxide fused salt mixt electrolyte total amount, electrolysis temperature is 670 DEG C, Anodic current density is 1.5A/cm2, electrolysis time 10h.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114293230A (en) * | 2022-01-18 | 2022-04-08 | 郑文 | Method for preparing ferrotungsten powder by molten salt electrolysis |
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Patent Citations (5)
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| WO2006079353A1 (en) * | 2005-01-25 | 2006-08-03 | Alcan Technology & Management Ltd. | Method for the production of an aluminum-scandium master alloy |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114293230A (en) * | 2022-01-18 | 2022-04-08 | 郑文 | Method for preparing ferrotungsten powder by molten salt electrolysis |
| CN114293230B (en) * | 2022-01-18 | 2023-09-26 | 郑文 | Method for preparing ferrotungsten alloy powder by fused salt electrolysis |
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