CN107623234B - Motor reversing device and processing method - Google Patents
Motor reversing device and processing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107623234B CN107623234B CN201710799202.0A CN201710799202A CN107623234B CN 107623234 B CN107623234 B CN 107623234B CN 201710799202 A CN201710799202 A CN 201710799202A CN 107623234 B CN107623234 B CN 107623234B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a motor reversing device and a processing method, in particular to a large-sized direct current motor reversing device, which belongs to the technical field of motor devices; the device comprises a reversing piece which is arranged on a motor rotor through a sleeve and provided with a lifting piece, wherein a pressing ring mechanism is arranged at two end parts of the reversing piece, an insulating mechanism is arranged between the reversing piece and the pressing ring mechanism to realize an insulating effect, a metal hoop which is insulated with the reversing piece is sleeved on the reversing piece, and the strength of the reversing piece is enhanced by the metal hoop; the invention solves the problem that the strength of the commutating piece in the large-scale direct current motor commutating device is insufficient and can not reach the standard, and the fastening performance of the commutating piece assembly is fully improved by adding the metal hoop and combining with interference fit, and meanwhile, the strength of the dove tail of the commutating piece is increased, so that the practicability of the commutating piece is improved, the requirement of using working conditions is reduced, and the strength requirement of the commutating piece in all working conditions (including rated and overload operation) is met.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a motor reversing device and a motor reversing method, in particular to a large-sized direct current motor reversing device, and belongs to the technical field of motor devices.
Background
The commutator is a component on the DC permanent-magnet series motor for enabling the motor to continuously rotate. Structurally, the commutator is formed by encircling a plurality of contact pieces into a circle, each contact piece is respectively connected with each tap on the rotor, and the outer edge of the commutator is connected with two electrodes called brushes to contact with the two electrodes, and only two of the electrodes are contacted at the same time. The principle is that when the coil passes through the current, it will rotate by the attraction and repulsion force under the action of the permanent magnet, when it rotates to balance with the magnet, the originally electrified wire is separated from the electric brush compared with the contact piece on the corresponding commutator, and the electric brush is connected to the contact piece corresponding to the group of coils which are in line with the generation of the impetus, thus the direct current motor rotates continuously.
The large-scale DC motor is widely applied to the fields of metallurgical mines, steel works, steel rolling, and the like due to the characteristics of smooth speed regulation performance, excellent overload capacity, suitability for frequent forward and reverse rotation, and the like.
For small and medium-sized direct current motors, the commutator is usually smaller, the commutator segments can be fixed only by the front and rear pressing rings, and the running strength requirement is met, but for large direct current motors, particularly motors with the outer diameter of the commutator exceeding 2 meters and the outer diameter of the armature exceeding 3 meters, the strength requirement for assembling the commutator segments is not met by pressing the commutator segments only by the front and rear pressing rings, and the strength requirement is mainly represented by the fact that the strength of the dove tail parts of the commutator segments is insufficient. For such problems, the metal hoops can be sleeved on the outer ring of the commutator to ensure the dove tail strength of the commutator segments during operation, but the metal hoops are directly contacted with the surface of the commutator, so that the commutator segments are indirectly discharged to the ground. The metal ferrule must be well insulated and capable of being mounted to the commutator surface with ease and accuracy.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at: aiming at the problems, the invention provides a large-scale direct current motor reversing device and a processing method thereof, which can ensure that the reverser not only meets the strength requirement, but also is simple and reliable, has a simple structure and improves the practicability of the reversing piece to the working condition.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides a motor reversing device, includes the commutator segment that has the rising piece through the sleeve mounting on motor rotor, and this commutator segment both ends portion is equipped with clamping ring mechanism, is provided with insulating mechanism between commutator segment and the clamping ring mechanism in order to realize insulating effect, the cover has the metal hoop with the commutator segment is insulating on the commutator segment, utilizes the metal hoop in order to strengthen the intensity of commutator segment.
According to the invention, the strength of the dove tail of the reversing piece of the large direct current motor is enhanced by utilizing the metal hoop, so that the strength of the dove tail of the reversing device mounted on the rotor reaches a required target value, and meanwhile, the structure of the reversing piece is more stable in the high-speed selection process. Because the metal hoops are adopted, and in practical application, indirect discharge to the ground needs to be avoided, the invention utilizes the insulating material to realize that independent main bodies are formed between metals, and the problems of strength of the reversing device and the problem of indirect discharge are effectively solved.
The invention relates to a motor reversing device, which comprises a front pressing ring and a rear pressing ring, wherein a sleeve is arranged between the front pressing ring and the rear pressing ring and positioned at the inner side of a reversing sheet, and the front pressing ring, the rear pressing ring, the reversing sheet and the sleeve are connected into a whole through a plurality of first bolts. The design of this mode adopts the mode of screw rod connection in order to realize the special configuration relation, simultaneously, this simple structure, the operation of being convenient for.
Further, the first bolt is a double-headed bolt, one end of the first bolt is directly engaged with the rear pressing ring through threads, and the other end of the first bolt penetrates through the front pressing ring and is fastened through a nut. In large-scale direct current motor, adopt the reversing arrangement to be assembled directly after perfect, be unfavorable for the installation and the degree of difficulty of installation is high on the rotor again, and assembly accuracy is low, and this mode can effectually solve the problem of motor assembly.
Further, the first bolts are distributed in a circumferential array.
According to the motor reversing device, the metal hoop is arranged on the reversing piece close to the lifting piece, an insulating inner ring used for insulation is arranged between the metal hoop and the reversing piece, a rear insulating ring is arranged on one side, close to the lifting piece, of the metal hoop, and a front insulating ring is arranged on one side, far away from the lifting piece, of the metal hoop. The design mode can effectively solve the problem of indirect discharge between the metal hoop and the reversing piece or the lifting piece, ensure the effect of the reversing device while ensuring the strength of the pigeon tail of the reversing piece, and combine to design the metal hoop on one side of the lifting piece, so that the effective contact surface of the electric brush and the reversing piece is increased.
Further, the insulating inner ring is made by cladding with insulating materials and heating and solidifying, a first spigot used for limiting a metal hoop is processed near the end part of the lifting piece, and a second spigot used for limiting the insulating inner ring is arranged on the reversing piece. In the assembly process, the bottom is assembled for the first time, meanwhile, the special matching of the metal hoop is facilitated, the metal hoop and the lifting piece are kept at a certain distance, and the insulating inner ring of the structure is good in strength and insulating effect.
Further, the metal hoop ring is in interference fit with the insulating inner ring, the insulating ring is assembled through the first spigot and the metal hoop ring, and the front insulating ring is assembled on the metal hoop ring through a plurality of second bolts. The mode can further fasten the assembly of the reversing sheet, and is beneficial to the design of the metal hoop and the insulating ring in structural design.
Further, the second bolts are distributed in a circumferential array.
Further, the metal hoop, the insulating inner ring, the front insulating ring, the assembly gap of the rear insulating ring, and the outer surface of the second bolt are coated with a sealing coating for sealing the gap and the insulating member from air. The dielectric property is good, the deformation shrinkage rate is small, the product size stability is good, the hardness is high, and the flexibility is good.
Further, the front insulating ring and/or the rear insulating ring are/is processed by glass cloth plates or pressed by mica plates.
Further, the front insulating ring and/or the rear insulating ring are integrally formed or split-structured.
A direct current motor comprises the motor reversing device.
A processing method of a motor reversing device comprises the following steps:
a. assembling and forming the reversing piece, the sleeve and the pressing ring mechanism;
b. machining a reversing sheet at a position close to the lifting sheet to form a second spigot with an assembly limiting function on the reversing sheet;
c. coating an insulating material with a certain width and thickness for insulation on the reversing sheet at one end far away from the lifting sheet along the second spigot, heating the insulating material, curing and forming, and reprocessing the cured insulating material to form an insulating inner ring with a first spigot for limiting;
d. assembling a rear insulating ring, wherein the rear insulating ring enters a first spigot assembled to an insulating inner ring along the end part of the reversing piece, which is far away from the lifting piece, to the lifting piece, and the first spigot is used as a positioning reference;
e. heating the metal hoop to a certain temperature, enabling the metal hoop to enter the lifting piece along the end part of the reversing piece, which is far away from the lifting piece, and enabling the rear end surface to be attached to the rear insulating ring, and enabling the insulating inner ring, the rear insulating ring and the metal hoop to be assembled and molded through interference fit after cooling;
f. and (3) assembling a front insulating ring, wherein the front insulating ring enters the front end face of the metal hoop to be assembled and attached along the end part of the reversing piece, which is far away from the lifting piece, to the lifting piece, and fastening the front insulating ring through a second bolt.
Further, step g, the assembly gap of the metal hoop, the insulating inner ring, the front insulating ring and the rear insulating ring and the outer surface of the second bolt are coated with a coating for sealing the gap and the isolation part from air. The design mode mainly achieves the sealing effect.
Further, in the step a, the pressing ring mechanism comprises a front pressing ring and a rear pressing ring, one end of the pressing ring mechanism is directly combined with the rear pressing ring by using a stud, the sleeve and the front pressing ring are sequentially arranged, the other end of the stud penetrates through the front pressing ring, the pressing ring mechanism, the sleeve and the reversing piece are assembled and formed by using a nut, and the pressing ring mechanism and the reversing piece are insulated by using an insulation mechanism.
Furthermore, in the step e, the heating temperature of the metal hoop is not higher than 150 ℃ so as to ensure that the insulating material is not deformed under the influence of high temperature in the assembly process.
Further, in the step e, the tight amount of the interference fit between the metal hoop and the inner insulating ring is 1.5-3mm.
Further, in the step e and the step f, the metal hoop is processed into a T-shaped cross section, the rear insulating ring is assembled with the rear end face groove of the metal hoop through the first spigot, and the front insulating ring is assembled in the groove of the front end face of the metal hoop.
Furthermore, in the step e and the step f, the exposed part of the assembled metal hoop is coated with the three-proofing paint so as to improve the service life of the metal hoop and avoid rusting.
Further, in the step e and the step f, the front insulating ring and/or the rear insulating ring are/is integrally made or split.
In step e and step f, when the front insulating ring and/or the rear insulating ring adopt a split structure, the split is bonded by glue, and then the assembly is performed.
The reversing device adopts a more ingenious structure in design, the metal hoop is firmly assembled on the reversing sheet by utilizing the control of the tightening quantity and the temperature, the distance between the metal hoop and the lifting sheet needs to meet the creepage distance in the design process, and the distance needs to be set according to the actual requirement in the design process. In the device, the device is mainly applied to a large direct current motor, so that the structure of the reversing sheet is large, and a dove tail structure is usually arranged, so that the reversing sheet is not described in detail. In the design, the problem of indirect discharge between the metal hoop and the reversing device is solved by adopting a specific design structure, namely the problem of insulation is solved. The metal is heated and sleeved again by adopting the interference fit for further fastening the reversing sheet, so that the high-temperature deformation of the insulating inner ring is avoided, the temperature is required to be strictly controlled due to the consideration of the material mica tape, the deformation of the insulating inner ring can be effectively avoided by utilizing the design lower than 150 ℃ in the design, and the effect of the interference fit is different along with the change of the temperature, so that the design tightening amount is also different. Under the design range of the temperature, the tightening quantity is designed to be 1.5mm-3.0mm, so that the practical effect of the whole device after assembly is ensured. From the prior art, the reversing device of the large direct current motor is difficult in practicality and strength of the reversing sheet, the problem can be effectively solved through the design and assembly method, and experiments and trial are fully confirmed.
In summary, due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the invention effectively solves the problems that the strength of the reversing piece is insufficient and cannot reach the standard in the reversing device of the large direct current motor, the fastening performance of the reversing piece assembly is fully improved by adding the metal hoop ring and combining with interference fit, meanwhile, the strength of the dovetails of the reversing piece is increased, the practicability of the reversing piece is improved, the requirement of using conditions is reduced, the strength requirement of the reversing piece in all working conditions (including rated and overload operation) is met, meanwhile, the device is designed to be more beneficial to the processing and assembly of the reversing device, the assembly efficiency is effectively improved due to the design of the assembly position and the positioning structure, the assembly efficiency of the large direct current motor is promoted, the structural relation is clear, the operation is simple and clear, and in addition, the device does not need to cover insulating materials on the outer surface of the metal hoop ring to participate in hot jacket, so that the insulating damage caused by different thermal expansion coefficients of metal and insulating materials in hot jacket is avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the assembled invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the unitary rear insulator ring of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the integral front insulator ring of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the metallic hoop of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the metallic hoop A of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an insulated inner ring of the present invention after machining;
FIG. 7 is one of the split rear insulating rings of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is one of the split front insulating rings of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a second split rear insulator ring of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a side view of a second split rear insulator ring of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a second split front insulator ring of the present invention;
fig. 12 is a side view of a second split front insulator ring of the present invention.
The marks in the figure: the novel high-voltage transformer comprises a 1-reversing sheet, a 2-front pressing ring, a 3-rear pressing ring, a 4-insulating mechanism, a 5-sleeve, a 6-first bolt, a 7-nut, an 8-metal hoop, a 9-lifting sheet, a 10-insulating inner ring, an 11-rear insulating ring, a 12-front insulating ring, a 13-first spigot, a 14-second spigot, a 15-second bolt, a 16-first split structure and a 17-second split structure.
Detailed Description
All of the features disclosed in this specification, or all of the steps in a method or process disclosed, may be combined in any combination, except for mutually exclusive features and/or steps.
Any feature disclosed in this specification may be replaced by alternative features serving the same or equivalent purpose, unless expressly stated otherwise. That is, each feature is one example only of a generic series of equivalent or similar features, unless expressly stated otherwise.
Example 1
A motor reversing device is shown in fig. 1, and comprises a reversing piece 1 which is arranged on a motor rotor through a sleeve and provided with a lifting piece, wherein a pressing ring mechanism is arranged at two ends of the reversing piece 1, an insulating mechanism 4 is arranged between the reversing piece 1 and the pressing ring mechanism to realize an insulating effect, a metal hoop 8 which is insulated from the reversing piece is sleeved on the reversing piece 1, and the strength of the reversing piece is enhanced by the metal hoop 8.
In this example, the insulating mechanism 4 is made of mica material in a ring shape matching with the pressing ring mechanism as a preferred embodiment. The material has good insulation effect, and is favorable for the insulation effect between the pressing ring mechanism and the reversing sheet.
In the embodiment, the strength of the dove tail part of the reversing piece of the large direct current motor is enhanced by utilizing the metal hoop, so that the strength of the dove tail part of the reversing device mounted on the rotor reaches a required target value, and meanwhile, the structure of the reversing piece is more stable in the high-speed selection process. Because the metal hoops are adopted, in practical application, indirect discharge to the ground needs to be avoided, and the device utilizes insulating materials to realize that independent main bodies are formed between metals, so that the strength problem of the reversing device and the problem of indirect discharge are effectively solved.
Specifically, in the above embodiment, the commutator segment 1 is specifically applied to a large-sized dc motor, the commutator segment needs to be additionally provided with a pressing ring, the structure of the commutator segment 1 has a dove tail structure, the structural strength of the dove tail at one end of the lifting segment 9 cannot effectively meet the target requirement, and the metal hoop 8 is used to strengthen the strength. More specifically, an insulating treatment is employed in order to avoid the problem of occurrence of indirect discharge. During assembly, the clamping ring mechanism is insulated from the commutator segments by the insulating mechanism 4. Based on a certain difficulty in assembly of the large direct current motor, the following optimization design is performed in order to optimize the strength of the commutating segment and reduce the assembly difficulty.
Based on the design principle of the above embodiment, in order to ensure the assembly accuracy and optimize the operation flow in the assembly process of the large-sized direct current motor, the assembly structure is simple and clear, the operation is convenient, and the positioning is accurate, in one embodiment, the clamping ring mechanism comprises a front clamping ring 2 and a rear clamping ring 3, the sleeve 5 is arranged between the front clamping ring 2 and the rear clamping ring 3 and is positioned on the inner side of the reversing sheet, and the front clamping ring 2, the rear clamping ring 3, the reversing sheet 1 and the sleeve 5 are connected into a whole through a plurality of first bolts 6. The design is realized in a concrete way, through holes for assembly are formed in corresponding positions of the front pressing ring 2, the sleeve 5 and the rear pressing ring 3, and the first bolts 6 penetrate through the through holes and are assembled and connected into a whole, so that the reversing device is molded.
In principle, based on the design of the above embodiment, in the connection relation between the first bolt 6 and the pressing ring mechanism and the sleeve 5, and in particular in the design of the structure, in another embodiment, the first bolt 6 is a stud bolt, wherein one end of the stud bolt directly engages with the rear pressing ring through threads, and the other end of the stud bolt penetrates through the front pressing ring and is fastened through the nut 7. The mode can be used for positioning preferentially, and operation is simpler. Specifically to the number design of the first bolts 6, the number of the first bolts 6 is 20-50. More specifically, the first bolts 6 are distributed in a circumferential array. While defining the distribution principle of the through holes for assembly.
Based on the design principle of the above embodiment, while the strength of the commutator segment is increased, in consideration of indirect discharge between the metal hoop and the commutator segment, structural optimization design is performed, in one embodiment, the metal hoop 8 is mounted on the commutator segment close to the lifting segment 9, an insulating inner ring 10 for insulation is arranged between the metal hoop 8 and the commutator segment 1, a rear insulating ring 11 is arranged on one side of the metal hoop 8 close to the lifting segment, and a front insulating ring 12 is arranged on one side of the metal hoop 8 far away from the lifting segment. Utilize split type structure in order to realize insulating effect, in addition, at the in-process of design, after the metal hoop assembly, need keep enough creepage distance between metal hoop's the rear end face and the rising piece.
In the process of installation, especially in the process of forming the insulating inner ring, not only the effect of coating the insulating inner ring on the reversing sheet is considered, but also the precision in assembling the insulating ring and the metal hoop is considered, and in a large direct current motor, the assembly is improved in precision in a better and simple way, so that the precision is ensured by facilitating the mutual positioning relationship, therefore, in another specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and 6, the insulating inner ring 10 is coated by insulating materials and is manufactured by heating and solidifying, a first spigot 13 for limiting the metal hoop 8 is processed near the end part of the lifting sheet, and a second spigot 14 for limiting the insulating inner ring is arranged on the reversing sheet 1. The second spigot 14 is used for positioning and coating an insulating material, the insulating material is heated, solidified and formed to form an insulating inner ring, the insulating inner ring is processed to enable the surface to be smooth, meanwhile, the first spigot is processed, and the first spigot is used as a positioning reference to realize high-precision assembly. Preferably, mica tapes are used as the insulating material. The insulating effect of the device is ensured by utilizing the good insulating effect of the mica material.
In another embodiment, the metal hoop 8 is in interference fit with the insulating inner ring 10, and the rear insulating ring 11 is assembled with the metal hoop through the first spigot, and the front insulating ring 12 is assembled with the metal hoop through a plurality of second bolts 15. The strength of the reversing sheet can be effectively enhanced by assembling in an interference fit mode. The design of this mode can effectively avoid metal hoop 8 cladding insulating material earlier, causes the effect of insulating material damage easily because of coefficient of expansion's difference. In the present embodiment, the temperature of the metal hoop does not exceed 150 ℃ to avoid damaging the insulating inner ring when heating due to the interference fit and the material property of the insulating inner ring. In further designs, the amount of interference fit is between 1.5mm and 3mm, due to the different expansion conditions at different temperatures.
In particular, in another embodiment, the second bolts 15 are distributed in a circumferential array based on the design principle of the above embodiment. In the present embodiment, the number of the second bolts 15 is 4 to 10.
More specifically, based on the design principle of the above embodiment, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the cross section of the metal hoop 8 is in a T shape, the bottom of the rear insulating ring 11 is limited by the first spigot 13, the top of the rear insulating ring 11 is located below the boss on the rear side of the metal hoop 8, so that the rear insulating ring is located in the groove below the boss on the rear side of the metal hoop 8, and the front insulating ring 12 is assembled in the groove below the boss on the front side of the metal hoop 8, and is fastened by using the second bolt. Namely: the inner diameter of the rear insulating ring 11 is larger than the outer diameter of the first spigot concave portion and smaller than the outer diameter of the first spigot convex portion, the outer diameter of the rear insulating ring 11 is smaller than the inner diameter of the metal hoop 8 convex portion, the inner diameter of the front insulating ring 12 is larger than the outer diameter of the insulating inner ring, the outer diameter of the front insulating ring 12 is smaller than the inner diameter of the metal hoop 8 convex portion, and in addition, the thicknesses of the rear insulating ring 11 and the front insulating ring 12 are respectively equal to the width of the corresponding metal hoop 8 convex portion.
On a certain basis, as a seal and protection and also to isolate the exposed parts from air, the outer surfaces of the metal collar 8, the insulating inner ring 10, the assembly gap of the front insulating ring 12, the rear insulating ring 11 and the second bolts 15 are coated with a sealing coating for sealing the gap and the insulating parts from air in another embodiment. The material adopted by the coating is preferably epoxy resin. The epoxy resin has better adhesive force and better sealing effect, is often applied to national defense devices, and is designed for a large-scale motor structure, and the design is adopted for prolonging the service life of the motor due to the problems of overlarge use environment and equipment. In addition, the exposed part of the metal hoop 8 is coated with sealing three-proofing paint after assembly.
Based on the design principle of the above embodiments, the front insulating ring 12 and the rear insulating ring 11 are further embodied, and in one embodiment, the front insulating ring 12 and/or the rear insulating ring 11 are processed with glass cloth or pressed with mica boards. Of course, in the present design, the insulating material does not require special design, and the insulating material is not limited to this, and other insulating materials are used to make the front insulating ring 12 and the rear insulating ring 11 in the cost design, which belong to the conventional technology substitution in the equivalent technical field.
Based on the design principle of the above embodiments, in one of the embodiments, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the front insulating ring 12 and/or the rear insulating ring 11 are integrally formed. The structure is simple to assemble and utilizes assembly positioning.
Based on the design of the foregoing embodiments, in another embodiment, a dc motor includes the motor reversing device of any one of the foregoing embodiments.
Example 2
Unlike embodiment 1, the rear insulating ring 11 and/or the front insulating ring have a split structure.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the first split structure 16 is formed by processing the rear insulating ring 11 with a laminated glass cloth plate or pressing a mica plate, and the rear insulating ring 11 is formed by splicing the integral structures together with 4 (or 3-8) first split structures 16 and applying epoxy glue for bonding.
More specifically, the front insulating ring 12 is processed by adopting a laminated glass cloth plate or pressed by a mica plate to form a second split structure 17, the front insulating ring is spliced on the insulating inner ring in a splicing manner by adopting 4 (or 3-8) second split structures 17, and is bonded by applying epoxy glue, and is assembled by a second bolt. In addition, the through holes are used to bypass the seam.
Because the thickness of the front insulating ring and the rear insulating ring is thinner, the diameter is larger, and the cost for manufacturing the whole structure is higher, the front insulating ring and the rear insulating ring are considered to be manufactured into a split structure. Meanwhile, in consideration of the difficulty of assembly, epoxy glue is adopted for bonding after split manufacturing and forming. In addition, the design and assembly mode adopting the mode is similar to the principle of the embodiment 1, the assembly relation is simple and clear, and the operation is convenient.
Specifically, based on the design of the above embodiment, the split structure may be as shown in fig. 7 to 12:
in one embodiment, as shown in fig. 7 and 8, the split structure is assembled by adopting a spigot matching mode, adopts an end face contact matching mode, forms a front view joint to be Z-shaped or other shapes, and is bonded by glue;
in the second embodiment, as shown in fig. 9 to 12, front and rear end portions of the split structure are respectively provided with a spigot for assembling the upper and lower parts, and the split structure is assembled with another split structure through the spigot, and the split structure is assembled in a laminating manner, and is adhered by glue or is fixed into a whole by a connecting mechanism.
In contrast to the two embodiments described above, one of the embodiments thereof requires making the seam into a polygonal shape, the latter being of other circular arc shape, the main function of which is to increase the contact area between the segments and to ensure the bonding effect. The second embodiment ensures the contact area, and the overlapped part can be connected into a whole by adopting a connecting mechanism (such as a screw), so that the formed joint is not limited in shape and is shaped like a Chinese character 'yi' for attractive appearance. Preferably, the adhesive for bonding is epoxy adhesive.
Based on the design principle of the above embodiment, front and rear ends of the split structure of the rear insulating ring or the front insulating ring are respectively provided with a spigot for assembling the upper part and the lower part, and are assembled with another split structure through the spigot, and are assembled in a laminating manner, and when the split structure is bonded by epoxy glue and/or fixed into a whole by adopting the connecting mechanism 18, in another embodiment, the first split structure of the rear insulating ring is provided with the connecting mechanism 18 on an overlapping part after being assembled. The attachment mechanism 18 is an attachment screw. In another embodiment, after the second split structure of the front insulating ring is assembled, the assembly hole matched with the second bolt is arranged at the position where the second split structure is overlapped after being assembled.
Based on the design principle of the above embodiment, the front insulating ring 12 and the rear insulating ring 11 are not limited to one or both of which adopts one or both of the above embodiments, for example: the front insulating ring is made of one of the above embodiments, and the rear insulating ring is made of one piece, one of the embodiments, or the second embodiment.
Example 3
Based on the design principles of embodiment 1 and embodiment 2, a method for processing a motor commutation device is provided, including the following steps:
a. assembling and forming the reversing piece, the sleeve and the pressing ring mechanism;
b. machining a reversing sheet at a position close to the lifting sheet to form a second spigot with an assembly limiting function on the reversing sheet;
c. coating an insulating material with a certain width and thickness for insulation on the reversing sheet at one end far away from the lifting sheet along the second spigot, heating the insulating material, curing and forming, and reprocessing the cured insulating material to form an insulating inner ring with a first spigot for limiting;
d. assembling a rear insulating ring, wherein the rear insulating ring enters a first spigot assembled to an insulating inner ring along the end part of the reversing piece, which is far away from the lifting piece, to the lifting piece, and the first spigot is used as a positioning reference;
e. heating the metal hoop to a certain temperature, enabling the metal hoop to enter the lifting piece along the end part of the reversing piece, which is far away from the lifting piece, and enabling the rear end surface to be attached to the rear insulating ring, and enabling the insulating inner ring, the rear insulating ring and the metal hoop to be assembled and molded through interference fit after cooling;
f. and (3) assembling a front insulating ring, wherein the front insulating ring enters the front end face of the metal hoop to be assembled and attached along the end part of the reversing piece, which is far away from the lifting piece, to the lifting piece, and fastening the front insulating ring through a second bolt.
Specifically, in step c, mica tape is preferable as the insulating material.
In another embodiment, based on the design of the above embodiment, the method further comprises a step g of coating the assembling gap of the metal hoop, the insulating inner ring, the front insulating ring and the rear insulating ring and the outer surface of the second bolt with a sealing coating for sealing the gap and the isolation member from air. The material adopted by the coating is preferably epoxy resin. The design mode mainly achieves the sealing effect. The epoxy resin is utilized to improve the service life of the device manufactured under the process. In this embodiment, as a specific design, the second bolt is mounted with or without epoxy resin on the inner portion of the metal ferrule and/or the front insulator ring. Ensuring that the exposed part is coated with sealing resin.
Based on the assembly described above, in another specific embodiment, in the step a, the pressing ring mechanism includes a front pressing ring and a rear pressing ring, one end portion of the pressing ring is directly combined with the rear pressing ring by using a stud, the sleeve and the front pressing ring are sequentially installed, the other end of the stud penetrates the front pressing ring, the pressing ring mechanism, the sleeve and the commutator segment are assembled and formed by using a nut, and the pressing ring mechanism is insulated from the commutator segment by using an insulating mechanism. The insulating mechanism is preferably made of mica material and is ring-shaped to match the pressing ring mechanism. The material has good insulation effect, and is favorable for the insulation effect between the pressing ring mechanism and the reversing sheet.
In another specific embodiment, in the step e, the heating temperature of the metal hoop is not higher than 150 ℃ aiming at the interference fit of the metal hoop and the insulating inner ring, so that the mica tape is prevented from being deformed due to the influence of high temperature in the assembly process.
In the interference fit, due to different temperatures and different fit effects, the metal expands differently, and in one embodiment, in the step e, the tight amount of the interference fit between the metal hoop and the inner insulating ring is 1.5-3mm.
In another specific embodiment, in the step e and the step f, the metal hoop is processed into a T-shaped section, the rear insulating ring is assembled through the first spigot and the groove of the rear end face of the metal hoop, and the front insulating ring is assembled in the groove of the front end face of the metal hoop.
In another embodiment, in the design principle based on the above embodiment, in the step e and the step f, the exposed part of the assembled metal hoop is painted with a three-proofing paint to improve the practical life of the metal hoop and avoid rust.
In one embodiment, the front insulating ring and/or the rear insulating ring are/is integrally formed or split in step e and step f.
In one embodiment, in the step e and the step f, when the front insulating ring and/or the rear insulating ring adopt a split structure, the split is bonded by adopting glue, and then the assembly is performed. Preferably, the glue used for bonding in this embodiment is preferably an epoxy glue.
The design structure of the invention is more ingenious in design, the metal hoop is firmly assembled on the reversing sheet by utilizing the control of the tightening quantity and the temperature, the distance between the metal hoop and the lifting sheet needs to meet the creepage distance in the design process, and the distance needs to be set according to the actual requirement in the design process. In the device, the device is mainly applied to a large direct current motor, so that the structure of the reversing sheet is large, and a dove tail structure is usually arranged, so that the reversing sheet is not described in detail. In the design, the problem of indirect discharge between the metal hoop and the reversing device is solved by adopting a specific design structure, namely the problem of insulation is solved. The metal is heated and sleeved again by adopting the interference fit for further fastening the reversing sheet, so that the high-temperature deformation of the insulating inner ring is avoided, the temperature is required to be strictly controlled due to the consideration of the material mica tape, the deformation of the insulating inner ring can be effectively avoided by utilizing the design lower than 150 ℃ in the design, and the effect of the interference fit is different along with the change of the temperature, so that the design tightening amount is also different. Under the design range of the temperature, the tightening quantity is designed to be 1.5mm-3.0mm, so that the practical effect of the whole device after assembly is ensured. From the prior art, the reversing device of the large direct current motor is difficult in practicality and strength of the reversing sheet, the problem can be effectively solved through the design and assembly method, and experiments and trial are fully confirmed.
In summary, the invention solves the problems that the strength of the reversing piece is insufficient and cannot reach the standard in the reversing device of the large direct current motor, the fastening performance of the reversing piece assembly is fully improved by adding the metal hoop and combining with interference fit, meanwhile, the strength of the dove tail of the reversing piece is increased, the practicability of the reversing piece is improved, the requirement of using working conditions is reduced, the strength requirement of the reversing piece in all working conditions (including rated and overload operation) is met, meanwhile, the device is designed to be more beneficial to the processing and assembly of the reversing device, the assembly efficiency is effectively improved due to the design of the assembly position and the positioning structure, the assembly efficiency of the large direct current motor is promoted, the structural relation is clear, the operation is simple and clear, and in addition, the device does not need to cover the insulating material on the outer surface of the metal hoop to participate in hot jacket, so that the insulation damage caused by the difference of the thermal expansion coefficients of metal and the insulating material in hot jacket is avoided.
The invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The invention extends to any novel one, or any novel combination, of the features disclosed in this specification, as well as to any novel one, or any novel combination, of the steps of the method or process disclosed.
Claims (7)
1. A motor reversing device, characterized in that: the commutator segment (1) is arranged on a motor rotor through a sleeve and provided with a lifting piece, a pressing ring mechanism is arranged at two end parts of the commutator segment (1), an insulating mechanism (4) is arranged between the commutator segment (1) and the pressing ring mechanism to realize an insulating effect, a metal hoop (8) insulated from the commutator segment is sleeved on the commutator segment (1), and the strength of the commutator segment is enhanced by the metal hoop (8);
the metal hoop (8) is arranged on the reversing sheet close to the lifting sheet (9), an insulating inner ring (10) for insulation is arranged between the metal hoop (8) and the reversing sheet (1), a rear insulating ring (11) is arranged on one side, close to the lifting sheet, of the metal hoop (8), and a front insulating ring (12) is arranged on one side, far away from the lifting sheet, of the metal hoop (8);
the insulating inner ring (10) is made of insulating materials through cladding and heating and solidifying, a first spigot (13) used for limiting a metal hoop (8) is processed near the end part of the lifting piece, a second spigot (14) used for limiting the insulating inner ring is arranged on the reversing piece (1), the metal hoop (8) is in interference fit with the insulating inner ring (10), the insulating ring (11) is assembled through the first spigot (13) and the metal hoop, and the front insulating ring (12) is assembled on the metal hoop through a plurality of second bolts (15);
the front insulating ring (12) and/or the rear insulating ring (11) are/is processed by glass cloth plates or pressed by mica plates, and the front insulating ring (12) and/or the rear insulating ring (11) are/is integrally made or split-structured.
2. A motor commutation apparatus as defined in claim 1, wherein: the pressing ring mechanism comprises a front pressing ring (2) and a rear pressing ring (3), a sleeve (5) is arranged between the front pressing ring (2) and the rear pressing ring (3) and positioned on the inner side of the reversing piece, and the front pressing ring (2), the rear pressing ring (3), the reversing piece (1) and the sleeve (5) are connected into a whole through a plurality of first bolts (6).
3. A motor commutation apparatus as defined in claim 2, wherein: the first bolt (6) is a double-headed bolt, one end of the first bolt is directly engaged with the rear pressing ring through threads, and the other end of the first bolt penetrates through the front pressing ring and is fastened through a nut (7).
4. A motor commutation apparatus as defined in claim 1, wherein: the metal hoop (8), the insulating inner ring (10), the front insulating ring (12), the assembly gap of the rear insulating ring (11) and the outer surface of the second bolt (15) are coated with a sealing coating for sealing the gap and the isolation part from air.
5. A method of manufacturing a motor commutation apparatus as defined in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:
a. assembling and forming the reversing piece, the sleeve and the pressing ring mechanism;
b. machining a reversing sheet at a position close to the lifting sheet to form a second spigot with an assembly limiting function on the reversing sheet;
c. coating an insulating material with a certain width and thickness for insulation on the reversing sheet at one end far away from the lifting sheet along the second spigot, heating the insulating material, curing and forming, and reprocessing the cured insulating material to form an insulating inner ring with a first spigot for limiting;
d. assembling a rear insulating ring, wherein the rear insulating ring enters a first spigot assembled to an insulating inner ring along the end part of the reversing piece, which is far away from the lifting piece, to the lifting piece, and the first spigot is used as a positioning reference;
e. heating the metal hoop to a certain temperature, enabling the metal hoop to enter the lifting piece along the end part of the reversing piece, which is far away from the lifting piece, and enabling the rear end surface to be attached to the rear insulating ring, and enabling the insulating inner ring, the rear insulating ring and the metal hoop to be assembled and molded through interference fit after cooling;
f. and (3) assembling a front insulating ring, wherein the front insulating ring enters the front end face of the metal hoop to be assembled and attached along the end part of the reversing piece, which is far away from the lifting piece, to the lifting piece, and fastening the front insulating ring through a second bolt.
6. A method of manufacturing a motor commutation apparatus as defined in claim 5, wherein: in the step a, the pressing ring mechanism comprises a front pressing ring and a rear pressing ring, one end part of the pressing ring mechanism is directly combined with the rear pressing ring by utilizing a stud, the sleeve and the front pressing ring are sequentially arranged, the other end of the stud penetrates through the front pressing ring, the pressing ring mechanism, the sleeve and the reversing sheet are assembled and formed by utilizing a nut, and the pressing ring mechanism and the reversing sheet are insulated by adopting an insulating mechanism.
7. A method of manufacturing a motor commutation apparatus as defined in claim 5, wherein: in the step e and the step f, the metal hoop is processed into a T-shaped section, the rear insulating ring is assembled with the rear end face of the metal hoop through the first spigot in a groove shape, and the front insulating ring is assembled in the groove shape of the front end face of the metal hoop.
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| CN201710799202.0A CN107623234B (en) | 2017-09-07 | 2017-09-07 | Motor reversing device and processing method |
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| CN201710799202.0A CN107623234B (en) | 2017-09-07 | 2017-09-07 | Motor reversing device and processing method |
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| CN108767610B (en) * | 2018-04-27 | 2024-01-30 | 中钢集团西安重机有限公司 | Commutator capable of preventing jump and processing method thereof |
| CN111965501A (en) * | 2020-09-11 | 2020-11-20 | 哈尔滨电气动力装备有限公司 | Commutator insulating ring material verification process |
| CN113910150B (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2023-06-02 | 北京机械设备研究所 | Dismounting device and dismounting method for magnet in exoskeleton magnetic attraction structure |
| CN114069359B (en) * | 2021-11-20 | 2023-08-11 | 重庆虎溪电机工业有限责任公司 | Manufacturing method of assembled commutator |
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