CN107623180B - Millimeter-wave frequency adjustable antenna - Google Patents
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- CN107623180B CN107623180B CN201710651311.8A CN201710651311A CN107623180B CN 107623180 B CN107623180 B CN 107623180B CN 201710651311 A CN201710651311 A CN 201710651311A CN 107623180 B CN107623180 B CN 107623180B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to millimeter-wave frequency adjustable antennas, comprising: radiating layer, dielectric substrate layer and metal ground plane；Radiating layer includes radiating layer ontology, feed line, graphene pad, stub and metal patch, waveguide cavity is offered on the inside of radiating layer ontology, graphene pad, stub and metal patch are all set in waveguide cavity, one end of feed line is connect with metal patch, metal patch is connect by graphene pad with stub, and waveguide cavity is provided with an opening, feed line is arranged in opening.By changing the control voltage on graphene pad, and then change the conductivity of graphene pad, the electric current that the variation of the conductivity of graphene pad passes through stub generates variation, so that the resonance frequency of millimeter-wave frequency adjustable antenna changes, realize the adjustment of the resonance frequency to millimeter-wave frequency adjustable antenna, energy loss is effectively prevented, so that the radiation efficiency of millimeter-wave frequency adjustable antenna is higher.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to antenna technical fields, more particularly to millimeter-wave frequency adjustable antenna.
Background technique
With the development of science and technology, consumer electronics field is just sent out towards directions such as high-performance, miniaturization and flexibilities
Exhibition.Antenna is widely used in mobile communication, navigation, radar and radio astronomy etc. as a ring important in electronic field
Field, it is numerous for the research project of antenna.
Millimeter wave antenna is the research emphasis in current antenna field, and millimeter wave is in future communications, navigation, radar and radio
Astronomical field is particularly important, and especially demand of the future communication systems to millimeter-wave frequency adjusting antenna is especially urgent.For reality
Now the frequency of millimeter wave antenna is adjusted, ferroelectric, ferromagnet or liquid crystal can be used at present and prepare antenna, millimeter-wave frequency is made
Adjustable antenna.However, the millimeter-wave frequency adjustable antenna landscape of above structure can be realized the adjusting of antenna frequencies, but antenna is deposited
It is serious in energy loss, cause the signal of antenna to emit the low situation of receiving efficiency.
Summary of the invention
Based on this, it is necessary to which serious for the energy loss of traditional millimeter-wave frequency adjustable antenna, signal transmitting receives
The defect of inefficiency provides a kind of new millimeter-wave frequency adjustable antenna.
A kind of millimeter-wave frequency adjustable antenna, comprising: radiating layer, dielectric substrate layer and metal ground plane, the radiating layer,
The dielectric substrate layer and the metal ground plane stack gradually connection；
The radiating layer includes radiating layer ontology, feed line, graphene pad, stub and metal patch, the radiating layer
Waveguide cavity is offered on the inside of ontology, the graphene pad, the stub and the metal patch are all set in the waveguide
Intracavitary, one end of the feed line is connect with the metal patch, the metal patch by the graphene pad with it is described short
Transversal connection, and the waveguide cavity is provided with an opening, the feed line is arranged in the opening；
The dielectric substrate layer offers several via holes, and the radiating layer ontology is connect by each via hole with the metal
Stratum connection；
The radiating layer is connected with the metal ground plane by each via hole, and a resonant cavity is constituted.
The width of the graphene pad is 0.2mm~0.8mm in one of the embodiments.
The width of the graphene pad is 0.4mm~0.6mm in one of the embodiments.
In one of the embodiments the graphene pad with a thickness of 5 nanometers~15 nanometers.
In one of the embodiments the graphene pad with a thickness of 10 nanometers.
The graphene pad has circular cross-section in one of the embodiments.
The graphene pad has rectangular section in one of the embodiments.
The graphene pad has regular hexagonal section in one of the embodiments.
The waveguide cavity has circular cross-section in one of the embodiments.
The metal patch has equilateral polygon section in one of the embodiments.
Above-mentioned millimeter-wave frequency adjustable antenna by changing the control voltage on graphene pad, and then changes graphene pad
Conductivity, the variation of the conductivity of graphene pad pass through stub electric current generate variation so that millimeter wave frequency
The resonance frequency of rate adjustable antenna changes, so that the adjustment of the resonance frequency to millimeter-wave frequency adjustable antenna is realized,
Energy loss is effectively prevented, so that the radiation efficiency of millimeter-wave frequency adjustable antenna is higher, the transmitting for effectively improving antenna is connect
It produces effects rate.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the dimensional decomposition structure diagram of the millimeter-wave frequency adjustable antenna of an embodiment；
Fig. 2 is a direction structure schematic diagram of the millimeter-wave frequency adjustable antenna of an embodiment；
Fig. 3 is the curved line relation schematic diagram of the reflection coefficient of voltage and antenna of the load on graphene pad.
Specific embodiment
To facilitate the understanding of the present invention, a more comprehensive description of the invention is given in the following sections with reference to the relevant attached drawings.In attached drawing
Give better embodiment of the invention.But the invention can be realized in many different forms, however it is not limited to herein
Described embodiment.On the contrary, the purpose of providing these embodiments is that making to understand more the disclosure
Add thorough and comprehensive.
It should be noted that it can directly on the other element when element is referred to as " being set to " another element
Or there may also be elements placed in the middle.When an element is considered as " connection " another element, it, which can be, is directly connected to
To another element or it may be simultaneously present centering elements.Term as used herein " vertical ", " horizontal ", " left side ",
" right side " and similar statement for illustrative purposes only, are not meant to be the only embodiment.
Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein and belong to technical field of the invention
The normally understood meaning of technical staff is identical.Term as used herein in the specification of the present invention is intended merely to description tool
The purpose of the embodiment of body, it is not intended that in the limitation present invention.Term " and or " used herein includes one or more
Any and all combinations of relevant listed item.
For example, a kind of millimeter-wave frequency adjustable antenna, comprising: radiating layer, dielectric substrate layer and metal ground plane, the spoke
It penetrates layer, the dielectric substrate layer and the metal ground plane and stacks gradually connection；The radiating layer includes radiating layer ontology, feed
Line, graphene pad, stub and metal patch, offer waveguide cavity on the inside of the radiating layer ontology, the graphene pad, described
Stub and the metal patch are all set in the waveguide cavity, and one end of the feed line and the metal patch connect
It connects, the metal patch is connect by the graphene pad with the stub, and the waveguide cavity is provided with an opening, described
Feed line is arranged in the opening；The dielectric substrate layer offers several via holes, and the radiating layer ontology passes through each mistake
Hole is connect with the metal ground plane.
In above-described embodiment, by changing the control voltage on graphene pad, and then change the conductivity of graphene pad, stone
The electric current that the variation of the conductivity of black alkene pad passes through stub generates variation, so that millimeter-wave frequency adjustable antenna
Resonance frequency changes, so that the adjustment of the resonance frequency to millimeter-wave frequency adjustable antenna is realized, the energy of graphene pad
Amount loss is low, effectively prevents energy loss, so that the radiation efficiency of millimeter-wave frequency adjustable antenna is higher, effectively improves antenna
Transmitting receiving efficiency.
As shown in Figure 1, it is the millimeter-wave frequency adjustable antenna 10 of an embodiment, comprising: radiating layer 100, dielectric substrate
Layer 200 and metal ground plane 300, the radiating layer 100, the dielectric substrate layer 200 and the metal ground plane 300 successively layer
Folded connection；The radiating layer 100 includes radiating layer ontology 110, feed line 120, graphene pad 130, stub 140 and metal patch
Piece 150, offers waveguide cavity 101 on the inside of the radiating layer ontology 110, the graphene pad 130, the stub 140 and
The metal patch 150 is all set in the waveguide cavity 101, and one end of the feed line 120 and the metal patch 150 connect
It connects, the metal patch 150 is connect by the graphene pad 130 with the stub 140, and the waveguide cavity 101 is arranged
There is an opening 102, the feed line 120 is arranged in the opening 102, i.e., described feed line one end is connect with metal patch 150,
The other end is arranged in opening 102, for example, the one end of feed line far from metal patch 150 at least partly exposes to opening 102
Outside.
The dielectric substrate layer 200 offers several via holes 201, and the radiating layer ontology 110 passes through each via hole 201
It is connect with the metal ground plane 300.
Specifically, which is made of metal material, for example, the material of the radiating layer ontology 110 is metal
Copper, for example, the material of the metal ground plane 300 is identical as the material of radiating layer ontology 110, for example, the metal ground plane 300
Material is metallic copper, for example, the dielectric substrate layer 200 opens up several via holes, metallic conductor, the spoke are provided in each via hole
It penetrates layer ontology 110 to connect by each metallic conductor with the metal ground plane 300, for example, the material of the metallic conductor is
Metallic copper.For example, the metal ground plane 300 is for being grounded.
Millimeter-wave frequency adjustable antenna 10 in the present embodiment using substrate integrated wave guide structure, radiating layer 100 with
Metal ground plane 300 is connected by each via hole, constitutes the resonant cavity of a relative closure, substrate integrated wave guide structure is in millimeter
Wave wave band is applied in general microstrip structure, and loss can be effectively reduced.
In the present embodiment, waveguide cavity 101 is holding area, which is substrate integrated wave-guide cavity wave, for example,
The graphene pad 130, the stub 140 and the metal patch 150 are all set in the waveguide cavity 101, and institute
It states graphene pad 130, the stub 140 and the metal patch 150 to connect with dielectric substrate layer 200, in this way, making
The graphene pad 130, the stub 140 and the metal patch 150 are fixed.
Specifically, graphene (Graphene) be by carbon atom it is tightly packed at monolayer honeycomb shape structure crystal, atom
Between c-c key be made up of sp2 hydridization, due to its special crystal structure, graphene has excellent mechanics and electronics defeated
Transport characteristic.The conductivity of graphene pad 130 is outer by loading bias voltage or chemical doping concentration on graphene pad 130 etc.
Portion's conditional decision, therefore by changing these external conditions, it can effectively change the concentration and chemical potential of carrier, change graphite
The conductivity of alkene, so as to the variation for causing conductor current to be distributed, so that the resonance frequency of antenna 10 changes.
And just because of the characteristic of carrier in graphene, it is few in the energy loss that high speed oscillation causes, so that setting
The adjustable frequency antenna 10 of graphene pad 130 has energy loss low, radiation efficiency high feature.By changing load in stone
The size of voltage on black alkene pad 130, thus it is possible to vary the conductance property and Electromagnetic wave penetrating percentage of graphene, to change stub
Current distribution on 140 realizes the adjusting of 10 frequency of antenna.
In addition, graphene has good flexibility, and small volume, the volume of antenna is enabled to reduce, and flexibility is more
It is good, so that antenna develops towards flexibility.
In the present embodiment, by changing the control voltage on graphene pad 130, and then change the conductance of graphene pad 130
Rate, the electric current that the variation of the conductivity of graphene pad 130 passes through stub 140 generates variation, so that millimeter wave frequency
The resonance frequency of rate adjustable antenna 10 changes, to realize the tune of the resonance frequency to millimeter-wave frequency adjustable antenna 10
It is whole, energy loss is effectively prevented, so that the radiation efficiency of millimeter-wave frequency adjustable antenna 10 is higher, effectively improves antenna 10
Emit receiving efficiency.
It is noted that the width of graphene pad 130 cannot be too big, the width of graphene pad 130 is too big, then makes milli
The entire length of metric wave frequency adaptable antennas 10 is excessive, causes 10 volume of millimeter-wave frequency adjustable antenna larger, and graphene pad
130 width cannot be too small, and the width of graphene pad 130 is too small, and the resistance value of graphene pad 130 is smaller, on graphene pad 130
Voltage change range is smaller, is unfavorable for the regulation and control of the voltage to graphene pad 130, in one embodiment, the stone
The width of black alkene pad 130 is 0.2mm~0.8mm.In the present embodiment, the width of graphene pad 130 is set as 0.2mm~0.8mm,
On the one hand, it enables to graphene pad 130 that there is biggish resistance value, enables to the voltage range on graphene pad 130 larger,
Be conducive to the regulation and control of the voltage to graphene pad 130, so that more preferably to the regulating effect of the frequency of antenna 10, another party
Face enables to the length of antenna 10 and overall volume smaller, is conducive to the use of antenna 10.
In order to further increase the resistance value of graphene pad 130, and make the small volume of antenna 10, for example, the stone
The width of black alkene pad 130 is 0.4mm~0.6mm, when the width of graphene pad 130 is 0.4mm~0.6mm, graphene pad 130
The adjustable range of the voltage of load is 0V~5V, in the present embodiment, enables to adjustable voltage range of graphene pad 130
It is larger, and make the small volume of antenna 10, be conducive to the use of antenna 10.
It should be understood that the thickness of graphene pad 130 cannot be too thick, the thickness of graphene pad 130 is too thick to be unfavorable for
Graphene pad 130 is integrated between metal patch 150 and stub 140, and the thickness of graphene pad 130 is too thin, then its resistance value
It is smaller, so that voltage change range is smaller, so that the spread of voltage on graphene pad 130 is loaded, on graphene pad 130
Voltage be difficult to control in stable range, in order to enable graphene pad 130 can be integrated in well metal patch 150 with it is short
Between transversal 140, and can preferably on-load voltage, in one embodiment, the graphene pad 130 is received with a thickness of 5
Rice~15 nanometers, specifically, graphene pad 130 with a thickness of 5 nanometers~15 nanometers, can well with metal patch 150 with
And stub 140 connects, so that the overall structure of circuit is more stable, furthermore it is possible to load on graphene pad 130
Voltage is more stable, so that the frequency adjustment to millimeter-wave frequency adjustable antenna 10 is more accurate and stable.
In order to further increase the control precision to the voltage of graphene pad 130, and make the collection effect of graphene pad 130
Fruit more preferably, for example, the graphene pad 130 with a thickness of 10 nanometers, when graphene pad 130 is with a thickness of 10 nanometers, graphite
The adjustable range for the voltage that alkene pad 130 loads is 0V~5V, and in the present embodiment, the thickness of graphene pad 130 enables to graphite
Alkene pad 130 can well with metal patch 150 and stub 140 so that the integrated result of circuit is more preferably, on the other hand,
So that the resistance value of graphene pad 130 is larger, so that the adjustable voltage range of graphene pad 130 is larger, so that recording
Voltage is more stable on graphene pad 130.
It is noted that the section of the graphene pad 130 can be round, rectangle either regular hexagon, for example, institute
Graphene pad 130 is stated with circular cross-section, for example, the graphene pad 130 has rectangular section, for example, the graphene pad
130 have regular hexagonal section.It should be understood that the width of graphene pad 130 is graphene pad 130 in above-described embodiment
Cross sectional shape maximum width, be also possible to the mean breadth of the cross sectional shape of graphene pad 130.
In order to enable the waveguide cavity has preferable resonance effect, for example, the waveguide cavity has circular cross-section.The then wave
The resonance frequency of guide cavity calculates formula are as follows:
Wherein, c is the light velocity, and r is the radius of the circle in the section of waveguide cavity, εrIt is medium electric constant, urIt is magnetic dielectric constant,
Constant 2.4049 is empirical value.In this way, the radius of waveguide cavity changes, change so that the resonance frequency of waveguide cavity is also corresponding.
For example, the metal patch has equilateral polygon section.Then the resonance frequency of the metal patch calculates formula are as follows:
Wherein, c is the light velocity, and a is the side length of metal patch, εrIt is medium electric constant, urIt is magnetic dielectric constant, constant
1.8412 being empirical value.In this way, the side length of metal patch changes, change so that the resonance frequency of metal patch is also corresponding.
In order to enable radiating layer can have more preferably radiance, for example, the thickness of the dielectric substrate layer is greater than described
The thickness of metal ground plane, for example, the thickness of the dielectric substrate layer is greater than the thickness of radiating layer.In the present embodiment, due to being situated between
Matter substrate layer has biggish thickness, can preferably isolating metal ground plane and radiating layer, reduce metal ground plane to radiation
The influence of layer, enables radiating layer to have more preferably radiance.
In above-described embodiment, by changing the control voltage on graphene pad, and then change the conductivity of graphene pad, stone
The electric current that the variation of the conductivity of black alkene pad passes through stub generates variation, so that millimeter-wave frequency adjustable antenna
Resonance frequency changes, so that the adjustment of the resonance frequency to millimeter-wave frequency adjustable antenna is realized, as shown in figure 3, figure
Middle abscissa Frequency (GHz) is the resonance frequency of millimeter-wave frequency adjustable antenna, ordinate S11It (dB) is the reflection of antenna
Coefficient loads when the voltage on graphene pad is 0V, 3V, 4V and 5V the resonance frequency of corresponding antenna and reflection coefficient such as
In figure shown in four curves, the adjustable extent that frequency bandwidth of the antenna on working frequency range 50GHz is realized reaches 10% or more.Cause
This, by changing the voltage on graphene pad, so that the resonant-frequency adjustable of millimeter-wave frequency adjustable antenna, effectively prevents energy
Amount loss, so that the radiation efficiency of millimeter-wave frequency adjustable antenna is higher, effectively improves the transmitting receiving efficiency of antenna.
Each technical characteristic of embodiment described above can be combined arbitrarily, for simplicity of description, not to above-mentioned reality
It applies all possible combination of each technical characteristic in example to be all described, as long as however, the combination of these technical characteristics is not deposited
In contradiction, all should be considered as described in this specification.
The embodiments described above only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but simultaneously
It cannot therefore be construed as limiting the scope of the patent.It should be pointed out that coming for those of ordinary skill in the art
It says, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, various modifications and improvements can be made, these belong to protection of the invention
Range.Therefore, the scope of protection of the patent of the invention shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of millimeter-wave frequency adjustable antenna characterized by comprising radiating layer, dielectric substrate layer and metal ground plane, institute
It states radiating layer, the dielectric substrate layer and the metal ground plane and stacks gradually connection；
The radiating layer includes radiating layer ontology, feed line, graphene pad, stub and metal patch, the radiating layer ontology
Inside offers waveguide cavity, and the graphene pad, the stub and the metal patch are all set in the waveguide cavity,
One end of the feed line is connect with the metal patch, and the metal patch is connected by the graphene pad and the stub
It connects, and the waveguide cavity is provided with an opening, the feed line is arranged in the opening；
The dielectric substrate layer offers several via holes, and the radiating layer ontology passes through each via hole and the metal ground plane
Connection；
The radiating layer is connected with the metal ground plane by each via hole, and a resonant cavity is constituted.
2. millimeter-wave frequency adjustable antenna according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the width of the graphene pad is
0.2mm~0.8mm.
3. millimeter-wave frequency adjustable antenna according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the width of the graphene pad is
0.4mm~0.6mm.
4. millimeter-wave frequency adjustable antenna according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the graphene pad with a thickness of 5
Nanometer~15 nanometers.
5. millimeter-wave frequency adjustable antenna according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the graphene pad with a thickness of 10
Nanometer.
6. millimeter-wave frequency adjustable antenna according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the graphene pad has round cut
Face.
7. millimeter-wave frequency adjustable antenna according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the graphene pad is cut with rectangle
Face.
8. millimeter-wave frequency adjustable antenna according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the graphene pad has positive six side
Tee section.
9. millimeter-wave frequency adjustable antenna according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the waveguide cavity has round cut
Face.
10. millimeter-wave frequency adjustable antenna according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the metal patch has just more
Side tee section.
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| CN201710651311.8A CN107623180B (en) | 2017-08-02 | 2017-08-02 | Millimeter-wave frequency adjustable antenna |
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Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108666752A (en) * | 2018-04-17 | 2018-10-16 | 惠州市元盛科技有限公司 | A kind of flat plane antenna |
| CN109560377A (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2019-04-02 | 上海交通大学 | Adjustable frequency micro-strip paster antenna based on graphene |
| CN110518340B (en) * | 2019-08-30 | 2022-01-11 | 维沃移动通信有限公司 | Antenna unit and terminal equipment |
| CN112768880B (en) * | 2019-11-06 | 2022-12-06 | 北京石墨烯研究院 | Bandwidth-tunable 5G antenna based on graphene composition |
| CN112768879A (en) * | 2019-11-06 | 2021-05-07 | 北京石墨烯研究院 | Microstrip antenna |
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| CN201966319U (en) * | 2011-01-21 | 2011-09-07 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Wideband low-profile cavity backed integrated antenna |
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| CN201966319U (en) * | 2011-01-21 | 2011-09-07 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Wideband low-profile cavity backed integrated antenna |
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