CN108306105B - Pattern reconfigurable antenna based on adjustable material - Google Patents
Pattern reconfigurable antenna based on adjustable material Download PDFInfo
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- CN108306105B CN108306105B CN201711280044.4A CN201711280044A CN108306105B CN 108306105 B CN108306105 B CN 108306105B CN 201711280044 A CN201711280044 A CN 201711280044A CN 108306105 B CN108306105 B CN 108306105B
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 230000003071 parasitic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010295 mobile communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
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- Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
- Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a directional diagram reconfigurable antenna based on adjustable materials, which comprises an antenna main radiation unit, two antenna parasitic units, a medium substrate, a metal ground and a liquid crystal voltage bias device, wherein the parasitic units are symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side of the antenna main radiation unit; the antenna parasitic unit comprises a patch antenna and an open-circuit branch, the patch antenna is formed by opening a small rectangular gap on a patch with the same size as the main radiating unit of the antenna, the open-circuit branch is formed by a rectangular patch and a liquid crystal medium with the same size as the rectangular patch, and the liquid crystal medium is buried between the open-circuit branch and a metal ground; the liquid crystal voltage bias system adds bias voltage between the metal ground and the parasitic unit patch; the maximum radiation direction of the antenna can be biased along with the applied voltage, can be used for an access point antenna, and has the advantages of adjustable directional diagram, low cost, no power consumption and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of antennas, and particularly relates to a directional diagram reconfigurable antenna based on an adjustable material.
Background
An antenna is a component for transmitting or receiving radio waves, and is an indispensable part of a wireless communication system. With the rapid development of wireless communication, the requirements for antennas are also higher and higher. People not only require antennas with multiple modes of operation, but also require antennas with small size and low cost. Due to such requirements, the function of multiple antennas can be realized by using the same antenna or antenna array, and the antenna is a reconfigurable antenna. The reconfigurable antenna can be divided into a frequency reconfigurable antenna, a directional diagram reconfigurable antenna, a polarization reconfigurable antenna and a multi-electromagnetic parameter reconfigurable antenna according to functions. And changing the structure of the reconfigurable antenna so as to realize the reconfiguration of one or more parameters such as frequency, a directional diagram, a polarization mode and the like. This makes the same antenna or antenna array have multiple working modes, which is beneficial to realize multiple effective diversity in transmission. Therefore, the reconfigurable antenna will play an important role for the next generation mobile communication. Antennas used for mobile communication may be divided into a base station antenna, an access point antenna, and a terminal antenna according to an operating area. The base station antenna is generally a multi-input and multi-output multi-antenna system and has the characteristics of fast switching and high gain; the access point antenna is generally used for a wireless local area network access point and has the characteristics of variable directivity, low cost and low power consumption; the terminal antenna is generally used on a mobile phone terminal and has the characteristics of small volume, simple structure and low power consumption. The antenna has the advantages of adjustable directional diagram, low cost and no power consumption, and is suitable for the access point antenna.
The adjustable materials for realizing the reconstruction of the directional diagram mainly comprise two materials, one material is graphene, and the conductivity of the graphene has adjustability; the other is liquid crystal, which has adjustable dielectric constant. In the invention, the directional diagram reconfiguration is realized by taking liquid crystal as an example.
The liquid crystal material is in a physical form between a solid state and a liquid state, and when the liquid crystal is in a specific state, the liquid crystal material can show an anisotropic characteristic, namely, the dielectric constant of the liquid crystal can be changed along with the change of the magnitude of an applied bias voltage. Due to the characteristic of anisotropy of the liquid crystal material, the liquid crystal has good physical properties in the fields of microwaves, terahertz and even optical frequencies.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a directional pattern reconfigurable antenna based on an adjustable material by utilizing the characteristic that the dielectric constant of liquid crystal changes along with the change of an applied bias. The antenna has the advantages of adjustable directional diagram, low cost and no power consumption, and is suitable for the access point antenna.
The invention is realized according to the following technical scheme:
a directional diagram reconfigurable antenna based on adjustable materials is characterized by comprising an antenna main radiation unit, antenna parasitic units, a dielectric substrate, a metal ground and a liquid crystal voltage bias device, wherein the two parasitic units are symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side of the antenna main radiation unit; the antenna parasitic unit comprises a patch antenna and an open-circuit branch, wherein the patch antenna is formed by opening a small rectangular gap on a patch with the same size as the main radiating unit of the antenna, the open-circuit branch is formed by a rectangular patch and a liquid crystal medium with the same size as the rectangular patch, and the liquid crystal medium is buried between the open-circuit branch and the metal ground; the liquid crystal voltage bias system adds bias voltage between a metal ground and a parasitic unit metal patch;
the antenna main radiation unit and the antenna parasitic unit are coupled together, the antenna parasitic unit starts to generate radiation, the working frequencies of the antenna main radiation unit and the antenna parasitic unit are the same, the directional diagram of the antenna array is regarded as the result of multiplying the directional diagram of the antenna main radiation unit by an array factor on the basis of the directional diagram of the antenna main radiation unit, the array factor is determined by the voltage distribution on the parasitic unit, the induced voltage on the antenna parasitic unit depends on the susceptance of an open-circuit branch, when the applied bias voltage is different, the dielectric constant of the liquid crystal is changed, the susceptance of the open-circuit branch is changed, and therefore the directional.
In the technical scheme, the type of the liquid crystal medium is GT3-24002, and the variation range of the dielectric constant is 2.5-3.3.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the invention has the advantages of adjustable directional diagram, low cost, no power consumption and the like.
Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the invention will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings:
fig. 1 is a physical schematic diagram of a directional diagram reconfigurable antenna based on tunable materials;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a main radiating element;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a parasitic element;
FIG. 4 shows simulation results of S parameters of a directional diagram reconfigurable antenna based on tunable materials;
FIG. 5 is a diagram of an adjustable material based pattern reconfigurable antenna initial state pattern;
fig. 6 is a diagram of a tunable material based pattern reconfigurable antenna offset state pattern with a maximum radiation direction at-23 °;
fig. 7 is a tunable material based pattern reconfigurable antenna offset state pattern with a maximum radiation direction at +23 °;
in the figure: 1-antenna main radiation unit, 2-antenna parasitic unit, 3-dielectric substrate, 4-metal ground, 5-main radiation unit radiation patch, 6-coaxial feed port, 7-parasitic unit radiation patch, 8-open circuit branch, 9-liquid crystal material.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that it would be obvious to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. All falling within the scope of the present invention.
The directional diagram reconfigurable antenna based on the adjustable material can be used for wireless communication systems such as an access point antenna and the like. The antenna size is 20mm 10mm 254um, and the operating frequency of the patch antenna in this size is 28 GHz. If the operating frequency is changed, the size of the antenna should be changed accordingly.
As shown in fig. 1, the directional diagram reconfigurable antenna based on the tunable material of the present invention includes an antenna main radiation unit, antenna parasitic units, a dielectric substrate, a metal ground and a liquid crystal voltage bias device, wherein the two parasitic units are symmetrically disposed on the left and right sides of the antenna main radiation unit, the antenna main radiation unit rectangular patch antenna and a coaxial feed port are provided, an inner conductor of the coaxial feed port is connected to the antenna main radiation unit patch, and an outer conductor is connected to the ground; the antenna parasitic unit comprises a patch antenna and an open-circuit branch, wherein the patch antenna is formed by opening a small rectangular gap on a patch with the same size as the main radiating unit of the antenna, the open-circuit branch is formed by a rectangular patch and a liquid crystal medium with the same size as the rectangular patch, and the liquid crystal medium is buried between the open-circuit branch and the metal ground; the liquid crystal voltage bias system adds bias voltage between a metal ground and a parasitic unit metal patch;
the antenna main radiation unit and the antenna parasitic unit are coupled together, the antenna parasitic unit also starts to generate radiation, the working frequencies of the antenna main radiation unit and the antenna parasitic unit are the same, the directional diagram of the antenna array is regarded as the result of multiplying the directional diagram of the antenna main radiation unit by an array factor on the basis of the directional diagram of the antenna main radiation unit, wherein the array factor is determined by the voltage distribution on the parasitic unit, and the induced voltage on the antenna parasitic unit depends on the susceptance of an open-circuit branch, so that when the external bias voltage is different, the dielectric constant of the liquid crystal is changed, the susceptance of the open-circuit branch is changed.
The size of the dielectric substrate is 20mm x 10mm x 254um, and the dielectric substrate is a Rogers 5880 rectangular dielectric with the dielectric constant of 2.2 and the loss tangent of 0.0009.
The distance between the central axis of the main radiating element and the central axis of the parasitic element is 3.5 mm.
The liquid crystal medium is GT3-24002, and the variation range of the dielectric constant is 2.5-3.3.
As shown in fig. 2, the size of the main radiating element patch antenna is 3.37mm by 3.37 mm. The coaxial feed center is 0.15mm away from the central axis of the main radiating element.
As shown in fig. 3, the parasitic element has a rectangular gap of 1.25mm × 1.535mm at a position 0.15mm away from the central axis, and an open branch of 0.45mm × 1.5mm is added at the symmetry axis of the gap. A groove of 0.45mm x 1.5mm x 254um is opened under the open branch for embedding the liquid crystal.
The metal ground is a rectangular plane structure with the size of 20mm 10 mm.
The S11 parameter of the tunable material based pattern reconfigurable antenna is shown in fig. 4.
As shown in fig. 5, when the voltages applied to the liquid crystals of the two parasitic elements are the same, the patterns are symmetrical, and the maximum radiation direction is at 0 °.
As shown in fig. 6, when the voltages applied to the liquid crystal are different between the two parasitic elements, the pattern is no longer symmetrical and the maximum radiation direction changes at-23 °.
As shown in fig. 7, when the magnitude of the voltage applied to the liquid crystal on the two parasitic elements is opposite to the case of fig. 6, the maximum radiation direction is changed at +23 °.
The foregoing description of specific embodiments of the present invention has been presented. It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and that various changes or modifications may be made by one skilled in the art within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the spirit of the invention. The embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other arbitrarily without conflict.
Claims (2)
1. A directional diagram reconfigurable antenna based on adjustable materials is characterized by comprising an antenna main radiation unit, two antenna parasitic units, a medium substrate, a metal ground and a liquid crystal voltage bias device, wherein the two parasitic units are symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side of the antenna main radiation unit; the antenna parasitic unit comprises a patch antenna and an open-circuit stub, the patch antenna is directly connected with the open-circuit stub, the patch antenna is formed by opening a small rectangular gap by a patch with the same size as the main radiating unit of the antenna, the open-circuit stub is formed by a rectangular patch and a liquid crystal medium with the same size as the rectangular patch, and the liquid crystal medium is buried between the open-circuit stub and the metal ground; the liquid crystal voltage bias system adds bias voltage between a metal ground and a parasitic unit metal patch;
the antenna main radiation unit and the antenna parasitic unit are coupled, the antenna parasitic unit also starts to generate radiation, the working frequencies of the antenna main radiation unit and the antenna parasitic unit are the same, the directional diagram of the antenna array is regarded as the result of multiplying the directional diagram of the antenna main radiation unit by an array factor on the basis of the directional diagram of the antenna main radiation unit, the array factor is determined by the voltage distribution on the parasitic unit, the induced voltage on the antenna parasitic unit depends on the susceptance of an open-circuit branch, when the external bias voltage is different, the dielectric constant of the liquid crystal is changed, the susceptance of the open-circuit branch is changed, and therefore the.
2. The directional diagram reconfigurable antenna based on adjustable materials of claim 1, characterized in that the liquid crystal medium is GT3-24002, and the variation range of dielectric constant is 2.5-3.3.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711280044.4A CN108306105B (en) | 2017-12-06 | 2017-12-06 | Pattern reconfigurable antenna based on adjustable material |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711280044.4A CN108306105B (en) | 2017-12-06 | 2017-12-06 | Pattern reconfigurable antenna based on adjustable material |
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| CN108306105A CN108306105A (en) | 2018-07-20 |
| CN108306105B true CN108306105B (en) | 2020-01-07 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109841951B (en) * | 2019-01-16 | 2021-05-14 | 北京科技大学 | Single-feed axial ratio bandwidth-enhanced circularly-polarized microstrip antenna |
| CN111244620B (en) * | 2020-01-15 | 2021-06-29 | 上海交通大学 | Wave beam scanning antenna array based on liquid crystal high-resistance surface |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20040196190A1 (en) * | 2003-04-02 | 2004-10-07 | Mendolia Gregory S. | Method for fabrication of miniature lightweight antennas |
| WO2014143320A2 (en) * | 2012-12-21 | 2014-09-18 | Drexel University | Wide band reconfigurable planar antenna with omnidirectional and directional patterns |
| EP2830153A1 (en) * | 2013-07-18 | 2015-01-28 | Adant Technologies, Inc. | A reconfigurable antenna structure with parasitic elements |
| US20150222014A1 (en) * | 2014-01-31 | 2015-08-06 | Ryan A. Stevenson | Waveguide feed structures for reconfigurable antenna |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101834349B (en) * | 2010-05-05 | 2012-08-29 | 电子科技大学 | Microstrip patch antenna with reconfigurable directional diagram |
| CN105552535A (en) * | 2016-02-22 | 2016-05-04 | 电子科技大学 | Frequency reconfigurable antenna based on liquid crystal material |
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2017
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20040196190A1 (en) * | 2003-04-02 | 2004-10-07 | Mendolia Gregory S. | Method for fabrication of miniature lightweight antennas |
| WO2014143320A2 (en) * | 2012-12-21 | 2014-09-18 | Drexel University | Wide band reconfigurable planar antenna with omnidirectional and directional patterns |
| EP2830153A1 (en) * | 2013-07-18 | 2015-01-28 | Adant Technologies, Inc. | A reconfigurable antenna structure with parasitic elements |
| US20150222014A1 (en) * | 2014-01-31 | 2015-08-06 | Ryan A. Stevenson | Waveguide feed structures for reconfigurable antenna |
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| CN108306105A (en) | 2018-07-20 |
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