CN107622363B - Urban water environment quality evaluation method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses an urban water environment quality evaluation method, which comprises the following steps: establishing a water environment quantitative calculation model; determining the type of the urban water system, and determining a control mode according to the type of the urban water system, wherein the control mode comprises the following steps: a segment tail control mode, a full segment control mode or a local control mode; dividing an urban area of a city into urban water environment quantitative calculation areas; acquiring pollution source intensity distribution data generated by urban areas, acquiring collection processing data for collecting the pollution source intensity generated by the urban areas, and acquiring geospatial information of the collected pollution source intensity entering a water receiving system; and integrating and exporting the water environment quantitative calculation model according to the control mode of the water system in the city and the acquired data so as to evaluate the water environment capacity and the bearing capacity. The method can evaluate the urban water environment quality, and provides an important quantitative calculation scheme for reasonable planning of the urban water system and improvement of water environment capacity and bearing capacity.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of urban water environment evaluation, and particularly relates to an urban water environment quality evaluation method.
Background
Water is a source for existence and development of life, is also an indispensable basic resource for human survival, life and production, is also one of important carriers for urban metabolism and old-age removal and renewal, is used as a blood circulation system of urban circulation, and provides basic guarantee for urban health operation. Cities are the focus of human-ground relations and the places where production and consumption are most concentrated in social and economic development, so that urban water environments also bear heavier pollutant loads and become areas where pollution is most concentrated, and a series of water resource and water environment problems occur in the process of urbanization. At present, the urbanization is carried out at a rare speed in the world in China, the urbanization is an indispensable stage of China moving to the world strong country, and the imbalance of urban water circulation and water environment substance metabolism seriously influences the quantity and quality of urban water environment in the high-speed urbanization process. The mismatching of water resource pollution, water environment capacity and water environment bearing capacity forms a city water crisis, ecological balance is destroyed, water contradiction is aggravated, and the city water environment problem is increasingly prominent. The water quality of water bodies in China generally shows a deterioration trend. In northern areas, the river is dry and the water is polluted, and in southern areas, a plurality of important rivers and lakes are seriously polluted. The water environment is deteriorated, and the sustainable development of the economic society of China is seriously influenced. Along with the increase of the discharge amount of domestic sewage of urban industry and residents, the water quality of urban riverways generally deteriorates, and the pollution of part of riverways and lake water bodies reaches the degree of harming the health of the residents. Rural areas around cities are forced to utilize sewage for farmland irrigation and aquaculture, nitrogen and phosphorus pollution in rivers is serious, and water eutrophication is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the urban water environment quality evaluation method, which can evaluate the urban water environment quality and provides an important quantitative calculation scheme for reasonable planning of an urban water system and improvement of water environment capacity and bearing capacity.
The technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
a method for evaluating the quality of urban water environment comprises the following steps:
step one, establishing a water environment quantitative calculation model according to the mass conservation rule of pollutants in water, and specifically comprising the following steps:
wherein,
the item is a strong item of a daily pollution source,
the item is a non-daily pollution item,
term is collection cuttingSubtraction, [ integral ] Qinputc1The term is the boundary entry condition,
the term is self-cleaning term in the boundary, and the integral factor Qoutputc2The item is a boundary outflow item;
step two, determining the type of a water system in a city, and determining a control mode according to the type of the water system in the city, wherein the control mode comprises the following steps: a segment tail control mode, a full segment control mode or a local control mode; dividing the urban area of the city into urban water environment quantitative calculation areas;
acquiring pollution source intensity distribution data generated by the urban area, acquiring collected processing data for collecting the pollution source intensity generated by the urban area, and acquiring geospatial information of the collected pollution source intensity entering a water receiving system;
and step four, integrating and exporting the water environment quantitative calculation model according to the control mode of the urban water system and the data acquired in the step three so as to evaluate the water environment capacity and the bearing capacity.
Preferably, the urban water environment quality evaluation method comprises the following steps: a. establishing a water environment capacity model of the city, calculating by using the water environment quantitative calculation model, and evaluating the water environment capacity of the city according to a calculation result; b. calculating the strong contribution rate of the pollution source generated by the urban area, wherein the specific calculation mode is as follows: if the control mode of the urban water system is a segment tail control mode, the calculation mode of the contribution degree of the pollution source intensity after the urban area is collected and processed is as follows:
or
If the control mode of the urban water system is a full-section control mode, the calculation mode of the contribution degree of the pollution source intensity after urban collection and treatment is as follows: the total contribution rate of the i pollution sources is equal to sigma each river section i pollution contribution rate multiplied by the quality weight of the water environment of the river section; if the control mode of the urban water system is a local control mode, the calculation mode of the contribution degree of the pollution source intensity after urban collection and treatment is as follows:
wherein i represents the intensity of the ith contamination source.
Preferably, the urban water environment quality evaluation method comprises the following steps: evaluating a natural degradation process by integrating two parameters of residence time and an integrated degradation coefficient, wherein the two parameters of the integrated residence time and the integrated degradation coefficient are obtained by monitoring water quality hydrological data and calculating or are obtained by calculating a river water quality model, and the river water quality model comprises: a zero-dimensional water quality model, a one-dimensional water quality model and a two-dimensional water quality model.
Preferably, in the method for evaluating urban water environment quality, the types of the water systems in the city include: a is a clear water functional division, b is located in an urban area in a full section, but has clear influence on a coastal urban area, c is locally located in the urban area, but has clear influence on the coastal area, d rivers do not flow through the urban area, but are converged into other rivers with control targets in the subsequent, and e is a sewage discharge mixed section or a mixed area.
Preferably, the urban water environment quality evaluation method specifically includes the following steps: a. acquiring strong distribution data of pollution sources generated by the urban area, b, acquiring service areas of the sewage treatment facilities according to the distribution of the sewage collection pipe networks, c, acquiring water quality and water quantity data of the pollution sources generated by the urban area after treatment reduction according to the treatment capacity data and the water outlet standard data of the sewage treatment facilities, and d, reasonably distributing the treated pollution sources according to the distribution conditions of the water outlets of the sewage treatment plants; e. and superposing the laying current situation information of each sewage collecting pipe network and the urban area current situation map to obtain an uncovered area map of each sewage collecting pipe network and obtain the pollution source intensity without collection and treatment.
Preferably, the urban water environment quality evaluation method for obtaining the strong distribution data of the pollution sources generated in the urban area specifically includes: domestic sewage pollution source strong distribution data and industrial sewage pollution source strong distribution data.
Preferably, in the urban water environment quality assessment method, the zero-dimensional water quality model comprises a river mixed dilution model; the one-dimensional water quality model comprises: a one-dimensional steady-state water quality model, an S-P model and a WASP water quality model; the two-dimensional water quality model comprises: a two-dimensional steady-state mixed attenuation water quality model, a CE-QUAL-W2 model, a WASP water quality model, and MIKE 21.
The invention at least comprises the following beneficial effects: according to the method, a water environment quantitative calculation model is established according to the mass conservation rule of pollutants in water, and according to a mass conservation system, different control modes of different water systems are combined, and a relatively objective data basis is provided for improving the water environment capacity and the bearing capacity through the calculation process of pollution source index quantization.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for evaluating urban water environment quality according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a segment tail control mode calculation process;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a full-segment control mode calculation process;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a local control mode calculation process;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a model of the water environmental capacity of Harbin.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In order to make the advantages of the technical solutions of the present invention clearer, the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
It will be understood that terms such as "having," "including," and "comprising," as used herein, do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other elements or groups thereof.
As shown in fig. 1, the urban water environment quality assessment method provided by the embodiment of the invention includes the following steps:
step one, establishing a water environment quantitative calculation model according to the mass conservation rule of pollutants in water, and specifically comprising the following steps:
wherein,
the item is a strong item of a daily pollution source,
the item is a non-daily pollution item,
term is collection reduction term, [ integral ] Qinputc1The term is the boundary entry condition,
the term is self-cleaning term in the boundary, and the integral factor Qoutputc2The term is a boundary outflow term. The quantitative calculation model of the conservation of mass ruleThe relationship between the six processes described above and the migration and transfer of contaminants is balanced.
Specific parameters and their definitions are given in table one below:
step two, determining the type of a water system in a city, and determining a control mode according to the type of the water system in the city, wherein the control mode comprises the following steps: a segment tail control mode, a full segment control mode or a local control mode; and dividing the urban area of the city into urban water environment quantitative calculation areas.
Wherein the urban water system is classified into the following types: a is a clear water functional division, b is located in an urban area in a full section, but has clear influence on a coastal urban area, c is locally located in the urban area, but has clear influence on the coastal area, d rivers do not flow through the urban area, but are converged into other rivers with control targets in the subsequent, and e is a sewage discharge mixed section or a mixed area.
It should be noted that a is a river reach with clear water quality functional division and clear water quality requirements, such as various kinds of main flows with national control/provincial control/municipal control cross sections, for example, a key drainage basin control area; b, the whole section is located in an urban area, the water-free function is divided but influences the nearby space, the whole section mainly comprises a flood area/drainage channel and a part of inland rivers and the like originated from the urban area, and according to the black and odorous water body treatment target provided in 'ten water', the urban inland rivers without the water-free function are required to be treated; c, the river is locally positioned in an urban area, and the local area needs to be controlled, such as suburbs and rural areas of the urban inland river; d, the whole river has no control section but is subsequently converged into other rivers with control targets, such as suburb sewage drainage channels and farmland irrigation channels; e a pollution discharge mixing section or mixing zone, which mainly aims at the pollution discharge mixing section or mixing zone in the step a, and the formation process of the zone is that after a river receives a pollution source, the concentration of substances needs a certain time to be diluted and diffused, and a certain time and space are needed to reach an equilibrium state.
Acquiring pollution source intensity distribution data generated by the urban area, acquiring collected processing data for collecting the pollution source intensity generated by the urban area, and acquiring geospatial information of the collected pollution source intensity entering a water receiving system;
the method for acquiring the strong distribution data of the pollution sources generated in the urban area specifically comprises the following steps: domestic sewage pollution source strong distribution data and industrial sewage pollution source strong distribution data. The data parameters to be acquired are the parameters listed in table one.
The third step specifically comprises: a. acquiring strong distribution data of pollution sources generated by the urban area, b, acquiring service areas of the sewage treatment facilities according to the distribution of the sewage collection pipe networks, c, acquiring water quality and water quantity data of the pollution sources generated by the urban area after treatment reduction according to the treatment capacity data and the water outlet standard data of the sewage treatment facilities, and d, reasonably distributing the treated pollution sources according to the distribution conditions of the water outlets of the sewage treatment plants; e. and superposing the laying current situation information of each sewage collecting pipe network and the urban area current situation map to obtain an uncovered area map of each sewage collecting pipe network and obtain the pollution source intensity without collection and treatment.
And step four, integrating and exporting the water environment quantitative calculation model according to the control mode of the urban water system and the data acquired in the step three so as to evaluate the water environment capacity and the bearing capacity.
And aiming at different water systems and different water environment quality requirements along the shore, calculating the water environment quantitative calculation model by adopting a corresponding control mode. For the segment tail control mode, the schematic diagram of the calculation process is shown in FIG. 2; for the whole control mode, the calculation process is schematically shown in FIG. 3; for the local control mode, the calculation process is schematically shown in fig. 4. It should be noted that, according to the water quality control system in China, the lowest target of the segment tail control (from the water function division) is the surface water class V standard, the lowest standard of the whole segment control is the standard of no black odor, the lowest standard of the local control is the standard of no black odor, and the segment tail control section implicitly includes the requirements of the whole segment control and the local control, which is explained herein.
The water environment quantitative calculation model can be integrated and derived according to the control mode of the water system and the acquired pollution source strength data, and the water environment capacity and the bearing capacity can be well evaluated according to the derived result.
It should be noted that: from the aspect of water quality control, the water environment capacity refers to the maximum load of pollutants allowed to be contained in a water body under the condition of meeting the requirement of the water environment quality standard, and is also equal to the water body pollution load or pollutant carrying capacity, and the main influence factor is the self-cleaning capacity of a natural system. The bearing capacity of the water environment refers to the maximum load of social pollution borne by the water environment in a specific area when the water environment is not damaged under a certain productivity condition in a cooperative competition mode of a natural system and an artificial system, and is mainly controlled by the common pollution reduction amount of the natural system and the artificial system.
It should be further noted that the specific way of integration and derivation is to calculate by using a water environment quantitative calculation model, calculate the natural degradation condition of the pollution source distributed by the collection and treatment facility after entering the received sewage system, and finally obtain the actual water quality condition of each control target so as to evaluate the specific water environment quality of the urban target area. In the intrinsic quantity evaluation method, the natural degradation process is evaluated by integrating two parameters of residence time and integrated degradation coefficient. The comprehensive residence time and the comprehensive degradation coefficient can be obtained by the following two ways: the first type can be obtained by monitoring water quality hydrological data; the second type is that the hydrological conditions and the pollution source distribution conditions of a water system are combined, appropriate calculation units are divided according to the water system conditions, and a reasonable water quality model is selected for calculation, wherein a common water quality model is a zero-dimensional water quality model (mainly comprising a river mixed dilution model) which is mainly used for evaluating the water quality prediction of a section of a steady river after persistent pollutants are continuously and stably discharged and water bodies are fully mixed; the one-dimensional water quality model (one-dimensional steady-state water quality model, S-P model, QUA12K, WASP and the like) is mainly used for common pollutants meeting the degradation rule of reaction kinetics in the one-way river, such as water quality indexes of organic poisons, COD, ammonia nitrogen and the like, and when the discrete action is neglected, the one-dimensional steady-state water quality model can be adopted; for the section tail control type river reach and the whole course control type river reach, when the river channel is sufficiently mixed, the one-dimensional water quality model can be combined for evaluation. The two-dimensional water quality model (two-dimensional steady-state mixed attenuation water quality model, CE-QUAL-W2 model, WASP and MIKE21 and the like) is suitable for rivers with large flow, strong dilution and diffusion capacity, relatively smooth bank water flow, meaningful cross section and pollution zone formation in a certain range at the downstream of a sewage discharge outlet. For the local control river reach, a two-dimensional water quality model is usually combined for rationalization evaluation.
The method for evaluating the water environment capacity and the bearing capacity comprises the following steps: a. establishing a water environment capacity model of the city, calculating by using a water environment quantitative calculation model, and evaluating the water environment capacity of the city according to a calculation result, wherein the water quality model comprises the following types: a zero-dimensional water quality model, a one-dimensional water quality model and a two-dimensional water quality model; b. calculating the strong contribution rate of the pollution source generated by the urban area, wherein the specific calculation mode is as follows: if the control mode of the urban water system is a segment tail control mode, the calculation mode of the contribution degree of the pollution source intensity after the urban area is collected and processed is as follows:
or
If the control mode of the urban water system is a full-section control mode, the calculation mode of the contribution degree of the pollution source intensity after urban collection and treatment is as follows: the total contribution rate of the i pollution sources is equal to sigma each river section i pollution contribution rate multiplied by the quality weight of the water environment of the river section; if the control mode of the urban water system is a local control mode, the calculation mode of the contribution degree of the pollution source intensity after urban collection and treatment is as follows:
wherein i represents the intensity of the ith contamination source.
The Harbin city will be described as a specific example.
The land surface water system of Harbin city belongs to Songhua river basin, and the main rivers in Harbin city include the following four rivers: four classes of rivers can be classified as follows: 1. the rain source type inland river refers to a river which is lack of natural underground water supply, tail water of a sewage plant is used as daily runoff, and rainfall runoff flows away in a relatively fast time, and specifically comprises a channel, a channel river and a meaning channel; 2. the short-distance transit urban rivers are characterized in that the upstream has a large-area catchment area and stable basic natural runoff, but the downstream flow path is subjected to great water quality change caused by pollution along the river town after the urban built-up area, and typically represented by the Ashi river and the Holland river; 3. quasi-original ecological rivers, which have fewer built areas along cities along the river, mainly use agricultural land, are less influenced by daily life of human beings and industrial production, can reflect the original ecological conditions of rivers in areas, and are typically represented by Lalin rivers in Harbin cities. 4. The China is mainly used for controlling the Songhua river of the seven major rivers, which is one of the 7 major water systems in China, and the water quality condition of the Harbin section of the Songhua river is an important supporting point for realizing the planning of the key drainage basin.
The water function partition is that the main water quality function partition has: at the upstream of jushutun, in the functional area of the source of drinking water, class II water quality standard, jushutun-dongjiang bridge: urban landscape recreational water area, class III water quality standard; dongjiang bridge-Dajianzi mountain: industrial water area, class IV water quality standard; large-topped mountain-ferry town: agricultural water areas, class III water quality standards. The water quality functional divisions of the Ashi river and the Reglan river are as follows: the downstream pollution transition section of the ashy river has a V-type water quality standard; the downstream pollution transition section of the Holland river, and the IV-class water quality standard.
The basin planning is emphasized, and the requirement of dividing the water quality function of the Songhua river section at present is that the whole section basically reaches the class III standard; the V-type standard of the downstream of the Ashi river, ammonia nitrogen is controlled to be not higher than 7mg/L all the year round; the downstream of the Reglan river reaches the IV standard; solving the ecological water replenishing problem mainly in the Majia ditch, the He ditch and the Xinyi ditch
And secondly, aiming at the current situation of the water environment of the Harbin city, establishing a water environment model for research by taking the water environment capacity of the Harbin Songhua river section as a specific research object, wherein the control mode is section tail control. Considering the current situation of a built-up area of a Harbin city, the main areas of research on the water environment quantitative model are from the Zhushun section to the Datongzi mountain section, and the tributary research areas are as follows: the Ashi river passes through the river bridge from the Yangtze river to converge into the Songhua river, the Holland river is the estuary region, and the He channel, the Ma channel and the Xinyi channel are the whole section of the river basin.
The data of the generation layer and the collection processing layer refer to the published data of related units, and the planning conditions of main sewage plants in Harbin city are shown in the following table, wherein a rising water quality purification plant, a high-grade sewage plant and a cluster town sewage plant are completed in the near term:
table 2 Harbin Sewage plant planning data
Currently, the sewage range of Harbin city basically covers most of the urban area, and the non-collection area is mainly concentrated in the downstream of the Ashbye river and the scattered greenhouse area/suburban area to be reformed.
The longitude and latitude of the main sewage plant are as shown in table three below, and the water quality of the entrance of the Holland river is considered in the unified mode of the Holland sewage plant:
the covered source intensity of the pipe network is converted into the water discharge of the sewage plant, the main non-collection area is evaluated according to the actual completion condition of the related pipe network, the non-collection source intensity is measured and calculated, and distribution is carried out in a surface source mode. Taking what ditch as an example, the method for acquiring the uncontracted area mainly includes the steps of superposing a city satellite map and a pipe network laying current situation map to obtain a pipe network coverage area map, and acquiring the uncontracted area according to the city construction condition.
And thirdly, establishing a Harrispher city water environment capacity model by utilizing the analyzed harrispher city pollution source condition and combining harrispher city pollution degradation kinetic constants reported in relevant documents as shown in the fourth table. Please refer to fig. 5.
The spatial distribution of the main pollution sources is shown in the following table five:
as can be seen from the annual water quality monitoring report, the water environment condition which is the most unfavorable to the Songhua river in winter. And (3) performing flow field simulation on the river channel, checking whether a one-dimensional model is suitable (whether a backflow section exists) or not, checking that the Songhua Jianghahar section has no backflow river section, and fully mixing in one dimension.
In the aspect of a receiving-result layer, the change situation of the water environment capacity of the section of the large-roof mountain is mainly evaluated, and the self-cleaning attenuation situation of each source strength under the hydraulic condition in winter is shown as the following table six:
the final calculation result is shown in the following seven:
when the class III water body is used for the largest volume of the mountain and mountain water environment, the maximum bearing capacity of water environment pollution is 27.105t, and the pollution overload in winter is about 8.984-12.861t, and the excess proportion is 33.14-47.45%.
According to the calculation result of the water environment capacity, the strong contribution rate conditions of all sources are further analyzed, and the calculation result is shown in the following eight table:
| pollution source | Degree of |
Degree of contribution 2 |
| Group force sewage plant | 3.286％ | 3.337％ |
| Non-point source 1-2 | 0.778％ | 0.817％ |
| One-storey house sewage plant | 1.197％ | 1.274％ |
| Non-point source 1-1 | 0.140％ | 0.153％ |
| Wenchang sewage plant | 11.619％ | 11.313％ |
| Non-point source 2 | 0.452％ | 0.343％ |
| Sewage plant with messenger channel | 1.623％ | 1.817％ |
| Taiping sewage plant | 11.716％ | 11.360％ |
| Non-point source 3 | 1.681％ | 1.718％ |
| Water coming from the upstream of the ashi river | 0.487％ | 0.561％ |
| All-grass of Reglan river | 9.505％ | 8.607％ |
| Songpu sewage plant | 1.516％ | 1.433％ |
| Upstream of Songhua river | 56.001％ | 57.267％ |
| Total of | 100.000％ | 100.000％ |
Wherein the individual comparison of the local pollution contribution is as follows:
according to the contribution degree condition and the local city characteristics of Harbin city, a scheme for further coordinating the water environment pollution capacity, the water environment capacity and the bearing capacity aiming at the current situation is provided, and the actual water environment capacity and the bearing capacity are amplified.
While embodiments of the invention have been described above, it is not limited to the applications set forth in the description and the embodiments, which are fully applicable in various fields of endeavor to which the invention pertains, and further modifications may readily be made by those skilled in the art, it being understood that the invention is not limited to the details shown and described herein without departing from the general concept defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (6)
1. The urban water environment quality evaluation method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, establishing a water environment quantitative calculation model according to the mass conservation rule of pollutants in water, and specifically comprising the following steps:
wherein,
the term is the strength term of the daily pollution source, IiFor the i-zone industrial production capacity,
the yield of sewage is i area unit industrial yield, belongs toiIs the typical pollutant content in the industrial sewage of the i area, LiIs the amount of living activity in the i region,
the sewage yield per unit daily activity of i area,. liIs the typical pollutant content in the domestic sewage of the i area,
item is a non-daily contamination item, OiOther pollution sources in the i area，
The unit sewage yield is strong for other pollution sources in the i area,
the term is the collection reduction term and,
the amount of wastewater collected for the source of i zone j,
is j effective concentration of the contamination source entering the collecting treatment layer, lambdai，jThe reduced removal rate of j-type pollution sources in the i region, and the integral multiple of Qinputc1Term boundary entry condition, QinputInflow conditions at the boundary of the i zone, c1The contaminant concentration of the influent to zone i,
the term is a self-cleaning term in the boundary,
the mixed flow is received for the water body,
in order to accept the concentration of mixed pollutants in a water source, K is a comprehensive degradation kinetic constant of the pollution source, T is the effective hydraulic retention time of the water body, and the integral multiple Qoutputc2Term is boundary outflow term, QoutputFor i zone outflow, c2The contaminant concentration of each effluent stream for zone i;
step two, determining the type of a water system in a city, and determining a control mode according to the type of the water system in the city, wherein the control mode comprises the following steps: a segment tail control mode, a full segment control mode or a local control mode; dividing the urban area of the city into urban water environment quantitative calculation areas;
acquiring pollution source intensity distribution data generated by the urban area, acquiring collected processing data for collecting the pollution source intensity generated by the urban area, and acquiring geospatial information of the collected pollution source intensity entering a water receiving system;
step four, integrating and exporting the water environment quantitative calculation model according to the control mode of the water system in the city and the data obtained in the step three so as to evaluate the water environment capacity and the bearing capacity;
the method for evaluating the water environment capacity and the bearing capacity comprises the following steps: a. establishing a water environment capacity model of the city, calculating by using the water environment quantitative calculation model, and evaluating the water environment capacity of the city according to a calculation result; b. calculating the strong contribution rate of the pollution source generated by the urban area, wherein the specific calculation mode is as follows: if the control mode of the urban water system is a segment tail control mode, the calculation mode of the contribution degree of the pollution source intensity after the urban area is collected and processed is as follows:
or
If the control mode of the urban water system is a full-section control mode, the calculation mode of the contribution degree of the pollution source intensity after urban collection and treatment is as follows:
if the control mode of the urban water system is a local control mode, the calculation mode of the contribution degree of the pollution source intensity after urban collection and treatment is as follows:
wherein i represents the intensity of the ith contamination source.
2. The urban water environment quality assessment method according to claim 1, wherein the method for assessing the water environment capacity and bearing capacity comprises: evaluating a natural degradation process by integrating two parameters of residence time and an integrated degradation coefficient, wherein the two parameters of the integrated residence time and the integrated degradation coefficient are obtained by monitoring water quality hydrological data and calculating or are obtained by calculating a river water quality model, and the river water quality model comprises: a zero-dimensional water quality model, a one-dimensional water quality model and a two-dimensional water quality model.
3. The urban water environment quality assessment method according to claim 1, wherein the types of water systems in the urban area include: a is a clear water functional division, b is located in an urban area in a full section, but has clear influence on a coastal urban area, c is locally located in the urban area, but has clear influence on the coastal area, d rivers do not flow through the urban area, but are converged into other rivers with control targets in the subsequent, and e is a sewage discharge mixed section or a mixed area.
4. The urban water environment quality assessment method according to claim 1, wherein the third step specifically comprises: a. acquiring strong distribution data of pollution sources generated by the urban area, b, acquiring service areas of the sewage treatment facilities according to the distribution of the sewage collection pipe networks, c, acquiring water quality and water quantity data of the pollution sources generated by the urban area after treatment reduction according to the treatment capacity data and the water outlet standard data of the sewage treatment facilities, and d, reasonably distributing the treated pollution sources according to the distribution conditions of the water outlets of the sewage treatment plants; e. and superposing the laying current situation information of each sewage collecting pipe network and the urban area current situation map to obtain an uncovered area map of each sewage collecting pipe network and obtain the pollution source intensity without collection and treatment.
5. The urban water environment quality assessment method according to claim 1, wherein acquiring the strong distribution data of the pollution sources generated in the urban area specifically comprises: domestic sewage pollution source strong distribution data and industrial sewage pollution source strong distribution data.
6. The urban water environment quality assessment method according to claim 2, wherein the zero-dimensional water quality model comprises a river mixed dilution model; the one-dimensional water quality model comprises: a one-dimensional steady-state water quality model, an S-P model and a WASP water quality model; the two-dimensional water quality model comprises: a two-dimensional steady-state mixed attenuation water quality model, a CE-QUAL-W2 model, a WASP water quality model, and MIKE 21.
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