CN107621692B - Objective lens module and microscope - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses an objective lens module and a microscope, wherein the objective lens module comprises an objective lens fixing device for fixing an objective lens; sample placement means for placing a sample; and a connecting means for fixedly connecting the sample placement means with the objective lens fixing means such that an observation surface of the sample placed on the sample placement means is substantially on a focal plane of the objective lens provided on the objective lens fixing means. The microscope includes the objective lens module and an imaging module. According to the invention, the ocular lens and the objective lens are decoupled, so that the distance between the objective lens module and the imaging module is not critical, and therefore, the imaging module can be conveniently coupled with the objective lens module to form a microscope, and a microscopic image can be independently acquired.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of microscopic imaging, in particular to an objective lens module and a microscope.
Background
Conventional optical microscopes are usually composed of an optical part and a mechanical part, wherein the optical part is usually composed of an objective lens and an eyepiece lens, the distance between which is fixed. In addition, some microscopes are equipped with digital cameras in place of human eye photography and recording.
The performance of the miniature camera serving as an accessory of electronic equipment such as a mobile phone is continuously improved, parameters such as focal length, chromatic dispersion and spherical aberration of a lens are continuously optimized, the miniature camera can be rapidly and automatically focused, and the miniature camera can be suitable for optical imaging in compact occasions. And because of its very large scale production, it is cheap to make the microscope modular and miniaturized possible.
Most of the conventional microscopes based on mobile equipment only use microscopic optical components as accessories attached to the mobile equipment, but because the microscopic imaging is very sensitive to the positions of optical elements, the microscopic optical components need to be tightly matched with a camera of the mobile equipment, and different mechanical adapting devices are selected according to different mobile equipment, so that the method has poor universality and is difficult to adapt to the requirements of different application scenes.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides an objective lens module and a microscope, which enable convenient assembly and use of the microscope by optimizing the internal structure of each module of the microscope.
According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided an objective lens module including: an objective lens fixing device for fixing the objective lens; sample setting means for setting a sample; and a connecting means for fixedly connecting the sample setting means and the objective fixing means such that an observation surface of the sample set on the sample setting means is substantially at a focal plane of the objective fixed on the objective fixing means.
In this way, according to the difference of the focal length of the objective lens fixed on the objective lens fixing device, the fixing positions of the objective lens fixing device and the sample setting device are different, so that the observation surface of the sample is basically on the focal plane of the objective lens, and the imaging can be clear.
Preferably, the objective lens module further comprises: and the fine adjustment mechanism is used for fine adjustment of the position of the sample setting device.
Thus, the observation surface of the sample can be accurately fixed on the focal plane of the objective lens to obtain the clearest imaging.
Preferably, the objective lens module further comprises: and an objective lens fixed on the objective lens fixing device.
Preferably, the connecting means has a plurality of discrete fixed connection positions, corresponding to the focal lengths of the plurality of objective lenses respectively,
In the case of fixedly connecting the sample setting device with the objective fixing device using one of the fixedly connected positions, and fixing the objective corresponding to one of the fixedly connected positions on the objective fixing device, the observation surface of the sample set on the sample setting device is substantially on the focal plane of the objective.
Therefore, the sample setting device and the objective lens fixing device can be fixedly connected at different fixed connection positions according to different focal lengths of the fixed objective lenses.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a microscope including the objective lens module described above and an imaging module including an eyepiece and a photosensor.
Thus, the microscope is not sensitive to the distance between the objective lens module and the imaging module, and the distance between the objective lens module and the imaging module can be changed without affecting the quality of microscopic imaging.
Preferably, the imaging module is a miniature camera, wherein the eyepiece is a lens of the miniature camera and the photosensor is a photosensor of the miniature camera.
Thus, the good performance of the miniature camera can be fully utilized, the automatic focusing can be realized, and the microscopic image can be independently acquired.
Preferably, the objective lens module is detachably mounted in the field of view of the imaging module.
Preferably, the microscope includes a plurality of objective modules, each corresponding to an objective lens having a different focal length.
Thus, the microscope lenses with different types and magnifications can be combined.
Preferably, the microscope further comprises: and the illumination module is used for illuminating the observation surface of the sample or the back surface of the observation surface of the sample. I.e. form a transmission and a reflection microscope according to the form of the light path.
Preferably, the microscope further comprises: the semi-transparent semi-reflecting mirror is arranged on the central axis of the objective lens module and forms an included angle of 45 degrees with the central axis, and the central axis of the light beam emitted by the illumination module is basically vertical to the central axis of the objective lens module, so that the light beam irradiates on the observation surface of the sample after being reflected by the semi-transparent semi-reflecting mirror.
Preferably, the illumination module includes a light source and a convex lens for converging a light beam emitted from the light source to an observation surface of the sample or a back surface of the observation surface of the sample.
Preferably, the lighting module further comprises a light shielding sheet for shielding a central portion of the light beam emitted from the light source.
Preferably, the light shielding sheet is switchable between a light shielding position and a non-light shielding position.
Therefore, the microscope can be switched between a bright field and a dark field to be suitable for different types of samples to be observed, and the light path of the light beam can be changed to enable the light beam to be switched between normal incidence and oblique incidence.
Preferably, the microscope may further include: and the circuit module is used for processing and/or transmitting the image acquired by the imaging module.
Through the scheme, the microscope can independently acquire microscopic images, the distance between the objective lens module and the imaging module does not influence the quality of microscopic imaging, the functional expansion of the microscope is facilitated, different types of microscopes can be obtained through different combinations or replacement of the modules, different application scenes are applicable, and the flexibility of microscopic imaging is improved.
Drawings
The foregoing and other objects, features and advantages of the disclosure will be apparent from the following more particular descriptions of exemplary embodiments of the disclosure as illustrated in the accompanying drawings wherein like reference numbers generally represent like parts throughout exemplary embodiments of the disclosure.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic block diagram of an objective lens module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 shows a schematic block diagram of a microscope according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 shows a schematic view of a microscope optical path according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 shows a schematic view of a microscope optical path according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 5 shows a schematic view of a microscope optical path according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 6 shows a schematic view of a microscope optical path according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
Preferred embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While the preferred embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.
As described above, in order to make a microscope image independent of the distance between the objective lens module and the imaging module, the present invention provides an objective lens module, by setting different objective lens modules according to different focal lengths of the objective lens, so that the observation surface of the sample is substantially on the focal plane of the objective lens, thus different types of microscopes can be conveniently obtained by replacing or combining different types of functional modules.
The technical scheme of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic block diagram of an objective lens module 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the objective lens module 100 may include: an objective lens holder 110, a sample setting device 130 and a connecting device 120.
Wherein the objective lens 111 may be fixed by the objective lens fixing device 110. The sample setting device 130 may set a sample. The connection device 120 may fixedly connect the sample setting device 130 with the objective lens fixing device 110 such that the observation surface of the sample set on the sample setting device 130 is substantially at the focal plane of the objective lens 111 fixed on the objective lens fixing device 110.
The objective lens 111 has a certain focal length, and may be a lens or a lens group formed by a plurality of lenses, and in order to reduce the phase difference, a lens group is generally used, and the lens group may be formed by gluing lenses with different materials and different parameters. The objective lens can be a cell phone camera lens or an aspheric lens on a read-write head on a CD or DVD player to reduce cost.
When it is desired to take an observation that the sample has a large surface, the sample setting means 130 may be, for example, a rest frame by which the objective module 100 is placed on the detection surface of the sample such that the observation surface is substantially at the focal plane of the objective 111 fixed on the objective fixing means 110. When it is desired to capture a relatively small sample for observation, the sample setting device 130 may be, for example, a sample support structure, the sample being placed, for example, on a slide, which is then placed on the sample support structure such that the observation plane of the sample is substantially at the focal plane of the objective 111 fixed on the objective fixing device 110.
When the parallel light enters the objective lens, the light rays are refracted towards the main axis of the objective lens to form a point, the convergence point is the focus of the objective lens, namely the most clear imaging point, the plane perpendicular to the main axis, which is formed by the main focus of the objective lens and a plurality of auxiliary focuses, is the focal plane of the objective lens, and the sample is fixed near the focal plane of the objective lens through the connecting device 120, so that the objective lens can obtain clearer imaging. Therefore, the position of the sample setting device can be determined according to different objective lenses, discrete adjustment is performed, the step of continuous focusing, namely, adjusting the working distance, is omitted, and a clear enlarged image can be quickly obtained.
Preferably, the objective lens module 100 may further comprise a fine adjustment mechanism (not shown). The fine adjustment mechanism can fine adjust the position of the sample setting device 130.
The fine adjustment mechanism can be a knob, a gear, a fine adjustment bolt and the like, and can adjust the vertical position of the sample setting device, so that the sample setting device is accurately fixed on the focal plane of the objective lens, and the imaging of the sample is clearer. The horizontal position on the sample setting device can also be adjusted so that the portion to be observed is located at the central axis of the objective lens.
In a preferred embodiment, the connection means 120 may have a plurality of discrete fixed connection positions, corresponding to the focal lengths of the plurality of objective lenses, respectively.
In the case where one of the fixed connection positions is used to fixedly connect the sample setting device 130 and the objective lens fixing device 110, and the objective lens 111 corresponding to the one fixed connection position is fixed to the objective lens fixing device 110, the observation surface of the sample set on the sample setting device 130 is substantially on the focal plane of the objective lens 111.
For example, a plurality of clamping grooves may be provided in the objective lens module 100, respectively marking different focal lengths of the objective lenses, and when the objective lens having a predetermined focal length is fixed in the objective lens fixing device, the sample setting device 130 may be inserted into the clamping groove of the corresponding focal length, so that the observation surface of the sample set on the sample setting device 130 is substantially on the focal plane of the objective lens 111.
Fig. 2 shows a schematic block diagram of a microscope 200 according to an embodiment of the invention.
As shown in fig. 2, the microscope 200 includes an objective lens module 100 and an imaging module 210, wherein the imaging module 210 may include an eyepiece 211 and a photosensor 212.
In a preferred embodiment, imaging module 210 is a miniature camera, eyepiece 211 may be a lens of the miniature camera, and photosensor 212 may be a photosensor of the miniature camera. The eyepiece 211 and the photosensor 212 may be used separately and in a preferred embodiment, both may be used in combination to improve imaging efficiency and quality.
For example, the imaging module 210 may use accessories such as a mobile phone camera module and a mobile phone camera lens, and the mobile phone accessories have low cost and good performance due to large production capacity, and can automatically focus and independently acquire images. Wherein, the eyepiece 211 can adopt an aspherical lens on a mobile phone camera lens or a read-write head of a CD player or a DVD player, and the spherical aberration can be eliminated to the greatest extent, the optical quality is changed, and the optical elements are reduced, so that the design cost is reduced. The photosensor 212 may be a CCD sensor or a CMOS sensor, which converts an optical signal into an electrical signal using a photoelectric effect.
In a preferred embodiment, the objective module 100 is removably mounted to the imaging module 210 in the viewing area. The detachable installation manner may be any manner of clamping, snapping, screwing, sliding in a slot, and the like, so that the objective lens module 100 and the imaging module 210 are substantially located at the central axis of connection, thereby enabling the imaging module 210 to acquire a microscopic image.
In a preferred embodiment, the microscope 200 may include a plurality of objective lens modules 100, each corresponding to an objective lens having a different focal length.
For example, in the case where one fixed connection position of the plurality of objective lens modules 100 is used to fixedly connect the sample setting device 130 and the objective lens fixing device 110, and the objective lens 111 corresponding to the one fixed connection position is fixed to the objective lens fixing device 110, the observation surface of the sample set on the sample setting device 130 is substantially on the focal plane of the objective lens 111, so that objective lenses having different focal lengths can be fixed using the plurality of objective lens modules, constituting a long lens, resulting in microscopes of different magnification.
In a preferred embodiment, microscope 200 may also include a circuit module (not shown) that may process and/or transmit images acquired by imaging module 210.
For example, an optical image generated by the eyepiece 211 is projected onto the surface of the photosensor 212, then converted into an electrical signal, converted into a digital image signal by a/D (analog-to-digital) conversion, and sent to a circuit module for image compression and other processing, and the processed image can be transmitted to a mobile phone wirelessly or transmitted to a computer through a USB interface for further processing, and the image can be seen through a display. The circuit module may be powered by a battery or an external transformer power supply.
Fig. 3-6 show schematic views of a microscope optical path including an illumination module 300.
In a preferred embodiment, the microscope 200 may further comprise an illumination module 300, and the illumination module 300 may illuminate the observation face of the sample or the back of the observation face of the sample. The lighting module 300 may include a light source 301 and a convex lens 302. The convex lens 302 may converge the light beam emitted from the light source 301 to the observation surface of the sample or the back surface of the observation surface of the sample. Illumination of the sample by illumination module 300 may be transmissive or reflective, and the light source may be directed onto the sample by a series of optical elements.
The illumination modes shown in fig. 3-4 are reflective illumination, can be used for observing opaque samples, and can be applied to a metallographic microscope or a fluorescence microscope.
As shown in fig. 3, when the illumination module 300 irradiates the sample observation surface, a half mirror 310 may be provided in the microscope 200. The half mirror 310 may be disposed on the central axis of the objective module 100 at an angle of 45 degrees, and the central axis of the light beam emitted from the illumination module 300 is substantially perpendicular to the central axis, so that the light beam is reflected by the half mirror 310 and then irradiated on the observation surface of the sample.
As shown in fig. 4, the lighting module 300 may further include a light shielding sheet 303. The light shielding sheet 303 may shield a central portion of the light beam emitted by the light source 301, and the light shielding sheet 303 may be switched between a light shielding position and a non-light shielding position by providing a light shielding sheet 303 placement device, so that a microscope may switch between bright field illumination and dark field illumination.
The illumination beam is reflected by the half mirror 310 and then irradiates the observation surface of the sample, and the light reflected from the sample is imaged by the imaging module 210 through the objective 111 and the half mirror 310. Since the half mirror 310 is added, light reflected from the sample is converted into parallel light, so that the change in distance between the objective lens module 100 and the imaging module 210 does not affect the microscopic imaging effect.
The illumination modes shown in fig. 5-6 are transmissive and are suitable for transparent or translucent samples.
As shown in fig. 5, the central axis of the illumination beam is collinear with the optical axis of the microscope, and can be divided into critical illumination and kohler illumination. Scattered light irradiated to the sample from the light source is converted into parallel light by the objective lens 111, and the parallel light transmitted from the objective lens 111 is focused on the photosensor 212 by the eyepiece 211 of the imaging module 210 to form an image. In this way the microscope is not sensitive to the distance between the objective module 100 and the imaging module 210, and other optical or mechanical elements such as polarization periods, filters, diaphragms, phase rings, etc. can be placed between them, forming other types of microscopes.
As shown in fig. 6, the addition of the light shielding sheet 303 to the illumination module 300 changes the microscope into dark field illumination, and the dark field microscope has the characteristics of high resolution and high image contrast. Dark field microscopes use oblique illumination to block direct light transmitted through the sample detail to reflect light and diffract light to view the sample. For example, a dark background can be formed by placing a light shielding sheet 303 to shield the middle portion of the light beam emitted from the light source 301, and making the light beam obliquely incident on the back surface of the sample observation surface. Because the middle portion of the illumination beam is blocked by the barrier, the illumination source becomes a ring of light that is focused through the lens onto the sample. The beam of light that is directed sideways to the sample diffracts or reflects to create a silhouette of the sample's profile. The outline of the object or the movement of the object can thus be seen under a dark field microscope.
The modules can be replaced or combined, for example, microscopic imaging systems with different magnification can be obtained by exchanging different objective modules, and a common microscope and a fluorescent microscope can be formed by replacing the light source of the illumination module, such as a white light LED or a single-wavelength laser light source. Changing the angle of illumination by replacing the illumination module, etc.
Through the technical scheme, the microscope can independently acquire microscopic images, the objective lens and the ocular lens can both use the mobile phone camera lens, the manufacturing cost is reduced, and the imaging module can directly utilize the mobile phone camera module, so that the manufacturing cost is low and the performance is good. Because the distance between the objective lens module and the imaging module can not influence the quality of microscopic imaging, the microscope can be made thin, for example, can be a patch type, has good portability, can obtain different types of microscopes through different combinations or replacement of the modules, is suitable for different application scenes, and increases the flexibility of microscopic imaging.
The objective lens module and the microscope according to the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Both the design of the attachment means for the conventional microscope eyepiece and objective lens connection together, as well as the sample placement means and sensors. According to the invention, the ocular lens and the objective lens are decoupled, so that the objective lens module is constructed, and the sample detection surface in the objective lens module is basically arranged on the focal plane, so that the emergent light of the objective lens module is basically parallel light, and the distance between the objective lens module and the imaging module is not critical.
The sensor is further coupled with the ocular to form an imaging module, and the sensor can be arranged on the focal plane accessory of the ocular, so that the sensor can be conveniently coupled with the objective lens module to form a microscope.
And further, the existing miniature camera which is widely used is possible to be used as an imaging module, so that the cost is greatly reduced, and the imaging effect and convenience are improved. In addition, the miniature camera can have a self-focusing function, and can generate a clear image by self-focusing even if the sample detection surface in the objective lens module is not strictly on the focal plane of the objective lens and the emergent light is not strictly parallel light.
The foregoing description of embodiments of the invention has been presented for purposes of illustration and description, and is not intended to be exhaustive or limited to the embodiments disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the various embodiments described. The terminology used herein was chosen in order to best explain the principles of the embodiments, the practical application, or the improvement of technology in the marketplace, or to enable others of ordinary skill in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.
Claims (12)
1. An objective lens module adapted for use with a miniature camera, comprising:
an objective lens fixing device for fixing the objective lens;
An objective lens fixed on the objective lens fixing device;
sample setting means for setting a sample; and
A connecting means for fixedly connecting the sample setting means and the objective lens fixing means such that an observation surface of a sample set on the sample setting means is substantially at a focal plane of an objective lens fixed on the objective lens fixing means,
The objective lens module can be detachably arranged in a view taking area of the miniature camera, so that the miniature camera is matched with the objective lens module to form a microscope by taking a lens of the miniature camera as an ocular lens.
2. The objective lens module of claim 1, further comprising:
And the fine adjustment mechanism is used for fine adjustment of the position of the sample setting device.
3. The objective lens module of claim 1, wherein,
The connecting device is provided with a plurality of discrete fixed connecting positions, which respectively correspond to the focal lengths of a plurality of objective lenses,
In the case where one of the fixed connection positions is used to fixedly connect the sample setting device and the objective fixing device, and an objective corresponding to the one fixed connection position is fixed on the objective fixing device, the observation surface of the sample set on the sample setting device is substantially on the focal plane of the objective.
4. A microscope which is used for the treatment of a disease, characterized by comprising the following steps:
an objective module as claimed in any one of claims 1-3 and an imaging module,
The imaging module is a miniature camera and comprises an ocular and a photoelectric sensor, wherein the ocular is a lens of the miniature camera, and the photoelectric sensor is a photoelectric sensor of the miniature camera.
5. The microscope of claim 4, wherein the objective lens module is removably mounted to the imaging module at the field of view.
6. The microscope according to claim 4, wherein the microscope comprises a microscope stage,
The lens module comprises a plurality of lens modules which respectively correspond to the lenses with different focal lengths.
7. The microscope of claim 4, further comprising:
and the illumination module is used for illuminating the observation surface of the sample or the back surface of the observation surface of the sample.
8. The microscope of claim 7, further comprising:
The semi-transparent semi-reflecting mirror is arranged on the central axis of the objective lens module and forms an included angle of 45 degrees with the central axis, and the central axis of the light beam emitted by the illumination module is basically vertical to the central axis, so that the light beam irradiates on the observation surface of the sample after being reflected by the semi-transparent semi-reflecting mirror.
9. The microscope of claim 7, wherein the microscope comprises a microscope stage,
The illumination module comprises a light source and a convex lens, wherein the convex lens is used for converging a light beam emitted by the light source to an observation surface of a sample or the back surface of the observation surface of the sample.
10. The microscope of claim 9, wherein the illumination module further comprises a light shielding sheet for shielding a central portion of the light beam emitted by the light source.
11. The microscope of claim 10, wherein the gobo is switchable between a light blocking position and a non-light blocking position.
12. The microscope of any one of claims 4 to 11, further comprising:
And the circuit module is used for processing and/or transmitting the image acquired by the imaging module.
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| CN112051244A (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2020-12-08 | 上海睿钰生物科技有限公司 | Portable fluorescent cell analysis system and microscopic imaging method thereof |
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| CN101019060A (en) * | 2004-05-19 | 2007-08-15 | 加里·布鲁克 | Method and system for wide-field multi-photon microscopy having a confocal excitation plane |
| CN207502807U (en) * | 2017-10-27 | 2018-06-15 | 戴星灿 | A kind of objective lens module and microscope |
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| CN201242612Y (en) * | 2008-06-12 | 2009-05-20 | 复旦大学 | Conversion illuminating microscope on homeostasis laser pump |
| CN102305776B (en) * | 2011-05-26 | 2013-04-10 | 浙江大学 | Transparent-medium-microsphere-based super-resolution microscopic imaging system |
| US20160041375A1 (en) * | 2014-08-07 | 2016-02-11 | General Electric Company | Ultra-compact microscope with autofocusing |
| CN204405937U (en) * | 2014-12-29 | 2015-06-17 | 上海睿钰生物科技有限公司 | A kind of servo-actuated fixed-focus system |
| CN104459965B (en) * | 2014-12-29 | 2017-12-01 | 上海睿钰生物科技有限公司 | A kind of servo-actuated fixed-focus system |
| CN104865687B (en) * | 2015-05-04 | 2018-05-11 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of autohemagglutination focus objective lens and miniature fluorescent microscopic imaging device |
| CN106526824A (en) * | 2017-01-17 | 2017-03-22 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Self-locking axial microscopic focusing device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101019060A (en) * | 2004-05-19 | 2007-08-15 | 加里·布鲁克 | Method and system for wide-field multi-photon microscopy having a confocal excitation plane |
| CN207502807U (en) * | 2017-10-27 | 2018-06-15 | 戴星灿 | A kind of objective lens module and microscope |
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