CN107621614B - Magnetic-force testing method and device for high-temperature superconductive magnetic suspension - Google Patents
Magnetic-force testing method and device for high-temperature superconductive magnetic suspension Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a magnetic-force testing method and device for high-temperature superconductive magnetic suspension, and belongs to the technical field of magnetic field testing. The magnetic-force test method comprises the following steps: acquiring first magnetic field data of sampling points of a superconducting bulk sample, wherein the sampling points at least comprise: the method comprises the steps of (1) a seed crystal surface center of a superconducting bulk material, at least one seed crystal growth boundary, at least one seed crystal growth area and corresponding non-seed crystal surface sampling points; acquiring first electromagnetic force data of a superconducting bulk sample; and analyzing the electromagnetic characteristics of the superconducting bulk sample according to the first magnetic field data and the first electromagnetic force data. The magnetic-force testing method can better detect the change of the capturing field of the superconducting bulk material along with time by measuring the magnetic field data of the specific sampling point, and can observe the size of the capturing magnetic field on the space position of the superconducting bulk material, thereby enriching the experimental testing method of the basic characteristics of high-temperature superconducting magnetic suspension.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of magnetic field testing, in particular to a magnetic-force testing method and device for high-temperature superconductive magnetic suspension.
Background
With the progress and development of scientific technology, the high-temperature superconductive magnetic levitation has wide application prospect in the fields of magnetic bearing, flywheel energy storage, rail transit and the like due to the advantages of self-stability, low energy consumption and the like. The electromagnetic and mechanical characteristics of the superconductor are key factors influencing the development of magnetic levitation application, so that the performance of the superconductor can be deeply understood only by knowing the electromagnetic field distribution of the superconductor structure, the evolution rule, the mechanical behavior and the mutual correlation of the electromagnetic field distribution and the evolution rule, and the mechanical behavior, thereby ensuring the safe and stable operation of the superconductor.
However, the existing basic characteristic test method aiming at high-temperature superconductive magnetic suspension focuses on macroscopic mechanical behavior under static or quasi-static conditions, ensures that the test device has enough loading capacity and has enough guiding force to ensure that the test device safely and stably passes through a curve. None of the obtained results show some local microscopic phenomena of the superconductor. Therefore, it is necessary to combine the macroscopic levitation force which has been conventionally tested with the magnetic-force characteristics of the superconducting bulk material when interacting with the permanent magnet track. The research method provided by the invention provides a new research thought for the optimization detection work of superconducting magnetic levitation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a magnetic-force testing method and device for high-temperature superconductive magnetic suspension, and aims to enrich the existing testing method for high-temperature superconductive magnetic suspension experiments. The following presents a simplified summary in order to provide a basic understanding of some aspects of the disclosed embodiments. This summary is not an extensive overview and is intended to neither identify key/critical elements nor delineate the scope of such embodiments. Its sole purpose is to present some concepts in a simplified form as a prelude to the more detailed description that is presented later.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
according to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a magneto-force testing method of high temperature superconducting magnetic levitation, the magneto-force testing method comprising: acquiring first magnetic field data of sampling points of a superconducting bulk sample, wherein the sampling points at least comprise: the method comprises the steps of (1) a seed crystal surface center of a superconducting bulk material, at least one seed crystal growth boundary, at least one seed crystal growth area and corresponding non-seed crystal surface sampling points; acquiring first electromagnetic force data of a superconducting bulk sample; and analyzing the electromagnetic characteristics of the superconducting bulk sample according to the first magnetic field data and the first electromagnetic force data.
Further, acquiring first magnetic field data of a sampling point of the superconducting bulk sample includes: controlling the superconducting bulk sample to make reciprocating motion between a field cooling position and a working position, and acquiring a magnetic field of a sampling point in real time; determining a first association relation between the magnetic field and displacement according to the magnetic field, the moving speed and the moving time of the superconducting bulk sample in a reciprocating operation; acquiring first electromagnetic force data of a superconducting bulk sample, comprising: obtaining stress of a superconducting bulk sample in a round trip operation process; and determining a second association relation between the electromagnetic force and the displacement according to the stress and the displacement of the superconducting bulk sample.
Further, before the magnetic field of the sampling point of the superconducting bulk sample and the electromagnetic force of the superconducting bulk are obtained, the magneto-force testing method further comprises the following steps: placing the superconducting block sample in a low-temperature container for cooling until the superconducting block sample reaches a set cooling temperature; and determining the magnetic induction intensity of the superconducting bulk sample under the condition of setting the cooling temperature.
Further, determining the magnetic induction intensity of the superconducting bulk sample under the set cooling temperature condition comprises: obtaining an output voltage signal of a sampling point; and processing the output voltage signal of the sampling point to obtain the magnetic induction intensity of the superconducting bulk sample.
Further, the magnetic-force testing method further comprises: acquiring second magnetic field data and second electromagnetic force data of a sampling point in a test guiding force test process or a vibration process; and analyzing the electromagnetic characteristics of the superconducting bulk sample according to the second magnetic field data and the second electromagnetic force data.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a magneto-force testing apparatus of high temperature superconducting magnetic levitation, the magneto-force testing apparatus comprising: the first sensor is used for acquiring first magnetic field data of sampling points of the superconducting bulk sample, and the sampling points at least comprise: the method comprises the steps of (1) a seed crystal surface center of a superconducting bulk material, at least one seed crystal growth boundary, at least one seed crystal growth area and corresponding non-seed crystal surface sampling points; the second sensor is used for acquiring first electromagnetic force data of the superconducting bulk sample; and the analysis device is used for analyzing the electromagnetic characteristics of the superconducting bulk sample according to the first magnetic field data and the first electromagnetic force data.
Further, the magneto-force testing device further comprises a driving device, a first recording device and a second recording device, wherein the driving device is used for controlling the superconducting bulk sample to make reciprocating movement between a field cooling position and a working position; the first sensor is used for acquiring the magnetic field of the sampling point in real time; the recording device is used for recording the moving speed and the moving time of the superconducting bulk sample in the reciprocating operation; the analysis device comprises a first analysis sub-device, wherein the first analysis sub-device is used for determining a first association relation between the magnetic field and displacement according to the magnetic field, the moving speed and the moving time of the superconducting bulk sample in a reciprocating operation; the second sensor is used for acquiring the stress of the superconducting bulk sample in the round trip operation process; the second recording device is used for recording the displacement of the superconducting bulk sample; the analysis device comprises a second analysis sub-device which is used for determining a second association relation between electromagnetic force and displacement according to the stress and the displacement of the superconducting bulk sample. .
Further, the magnetic-force testing device further comprises a low-temperature container for cooling the superconducting bulk sample until the superconducting bulk sample reaches a set cooling temperature before the magnetic field and the electromagnetic force of the sampling point of the superconducting bulk sample are obtained; the magnetic-force testing device is also used for determining the magnetic induction intensity of the superconducting bulk sample under the condition of setting cooling temperature.
Further, the magnetic-force testing device further comprises a multichannel data acquisition card for: obtaining an output voltage signal of a sampling point; and processing the output voltage signal of the sampling point to obtain the magnetic induction intensity of the superconducting bulk sample.
Further, the apparatus further comprises: a third sensor for: acquiring second magnetic field data of a sampling point in a test guiding force test process or a vibration process; a fourth sensor for acquiring second electromagnetic force data of a sampling point in a pilot force test process or a vibration process; the analysis device is also used for analyzing the electromagnetic characteristics of the superconducting bulk sample according to the second magnetic field data and the second electromagnetic force data.
The technical scheme of the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the magnetic-force testing method can better detect the change of the capturing field of the superconducting bulk material along with time by measuring the magnetic field data of the specific sampling point, can observe the size of the capturing magnetic field in space, is combined with electromagnetic force, comprehensively evaluates the suspension characteristic and enriches the existing experimental method.
It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the invention as claimed.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart diagram of a method of testing magnetic force according to the present invention, in accordance with an exemplary embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart diagram II of the magnetic-force testing method of the present invention shown in accordance with an exemplary embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of sampling points of a sample superconducting bulk material according to the present invention, according to an exemplary embodiment;
fig. 4 is a block diagram illustrating the structure of a magneto-force testing apparatus according to the present invention according to an exemplary embodiment.
Wherein, 1, a sensor; 2. an electromagnetic force testing device; 3. a multichannel data acquisition card; 4. a constant current power supply; 5. a display device; 301. a seed crystal face; 302. a surface center; 303. a seed crystal growth boundary; 304. a seed crystal growth region; 305. a non-seed surface.
Detailed Description
The following description and the drawings sufficiently illustrate specific embodiments of the invention to enable those skilled in the art to practice them. Other embodiments may involve structural, logical, electrical, process, and other changes. The embodiments represent only possible variations. Individual components and functions are optional unless explicitly required, and the sequence of operations may vary. Portions and features of some embodiments may be included in, or substituted for, those of others. The scope of embodiments of the invention encompasses the full ambit of the claims, as well as all available equivalents of the claims. Embodiments may be referred to herein, individually or collectively, by the term "invention" merely for convenience and without intending to voluntarily limit the scope of this application to any single invention or inventive concept if more than one is in fact disclosed. Relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method or apparatus comprising such elements. Various embodiments are described herein in a progressive manner, each embodiment focusing on differences from other embodiments, and identical and similar parts between the various embodiments are sufficient to be seen with each other. The method, product and the like disclosed in the examples are relatively simple to describe because they correspond to the method parts disclosed in the examples, and the relevant points are only referred to the description of the method parts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart diagram of a method of testing magnetic force according to the present invention, according to an exemplary embodiment.
As shown in FIG. 1, the invention provides a magnetic-force testing method of high-temperature superconductive magnetic suspension, which can be used for carrying out relevant tests on data such as magnetic field, electromagnetic force and the like on superconductive materials; specifically, the magnetic-force testing method comprises the following steps:
s101, acquiring first magnetic field data of sampling points of superconducting bulk samples;
in an embodiment, the sampling points comprise at least: the superconducting bulk material comprises a seed crystal surface center, at least one seed crystal growth boundary, at least one seed crystal growth area and corresponding non-seed crystal surface sampling points.
The test method of the invention has the advantages of selecting and detecting the sampling points of the superconducting bulk material: at present, a top seed crystal melting texture method is basically adopted in the preparation of the high-temperature superconductive block, 5 growth areas (English full name: growth Sector Region, english abbreviated name: GSR) exist in the high-temperature superconductive block prepared by the method, and a growth boundary (English full name: growth Sector Boundary, english punishment and punishment GSB) exists between two adjacent growth areas. The biggest difference between GSR and GSB is that the Y211 phase particles at the GSB are more than GSR, and the characteristic can be found by observing the microstructure of a high-temperature superconductor, so that the magnetic flux pinning property at the GSB is better than GSR, namely the performance of a seed crystal face is better than that of a non-seed crystal face, and the macroscopic view shows that the GSR capture magnetic field of a superconducting bulk material is larger, and the difference is the anisotropism of the superconducting bulk material.
Therefore, the sensor is arranged at the key sampling position, so that the change of the capture field of the superconducting bulk material along with time can be observed in real time, and the size of the capture magnetic field in space can be observed, thereby verifying the anisotropy.
In this embodiment, the present invention is provided with a first sub-sensor for detecting a magnetic field at the surface center of the superconducting bulk material; at least one second sub-sensor, each second sub-sensor is used for detecting the magnetic field of a corresponding seed crystal face; at least one third sub-sensor, each third sub-sensor is used for detecting the magnetic field of a seed crystal growth boundary; at least one fourth sub-sensor, each for detecting a magnetic field of a corresponding one of the seed crystal growth regions; and at least one fifth sub-sensor, each fifth sub-sensor is used for detecting the magnetic field of a corresponding non-seed crystal surface.
Alternatively, in another embodiment, the invention provides a sensor that can be used to detect the magnetic and electromagnetic forces at one or more sampling points in the surface center, at least one seed crystal plane, at least one seed growth boundary, at least one seed growth region, at least one non-seed crystal plane of the superconducting bulk material.
In an embodiment, after the magnetic field measurement data is transmitted to the computer, a relationship between the magnetic field and time may be obtained, and further, a first association relationship between the magnetic field and displacement may be converted according to a moving speed of the superconducting bulk material.
S102, acquiring first electromagnetic force data of a superconducting bulk sample;
in the actual test process, in the moving process of the superconducting bulk sample, the stress data of the superconducting bulk is continuously measured by a vertical or transverse force sensor, the stress data is transmitted to a computer, and the second association relation between electromagnetic force and displacement is calculated by combining displacement data recorded in the computer.
S103, analyzing electromagnetic characteristics of the superconducting bulk sample according to the first magnetic field data and the first electromagnetic force data.
The first association relation between the magnetic field and the displacement can be marked in a curve form, and the second association relation between the electromagnetic force and the displacement can be represented in a curve; thus, the electromagnetic characteristics of the superconducting bulk sample can be qualitatively analyzed by combining the two relation curves; in addition, the current density anisotropy of the superconducting bulk material can be found by comparing the difference of the relation curves of the magnetic field and the displacement at different sampling points; and, by observing the course of the magnetic field over displacement (time), the diamagnetic and remagnetistic properties are exhibited. In this embodiment, a field cooling position and a working position are preset on the superconducting bulk sample, wherein the field cooling position refers to a position at which the superconducting bulk sample reaches below a transition temperature; the working position is the position where the relative position of the superconducting bulk material and the permanent magnet track is closest, and when the superconducting bulk material GSR is positioned at the working position, the capturing magnetic field of the superconducting bulk material GSR is larger, and the acquired data of the magnetic field and the electromagnetic force are more accurate.
Therefore, in the testing process of the superconducting bulk sample by the testing method, the superconducting bulk sample is preferably controlled to reciprocate between the cold position and the working position so as to acquire the real-time magnetic field and electromagnetic force of the sampling point.
The reciprocating motion is a basic working condition field for testing the basic characteristics of high-temperature superconductive magnetic suspension, the cold position is determined according to experimental conditions, various working conditions can be set, and the magnetic field and electromagnetic force in the motion process can be obtained in real time.
For example, the superconducting bulk sample is driven by a motor between a cold position and a working position, and the sensor is driven by the superconducting bulk and synchronously moves because the sensor is attached to the superconducting bulk sample, so that relevant data in the reciprocating process can be measured.
In the embodiment of the invention, before the first magnetic field and the first electromagnetic force of the sampling point of the superconducting bulk sample are obtained, the superconducting bulk sample is further placed in a low-temperature container for cooling until the superconducting bulk sample reaches the set cooling temperature, so that the magnetic induction intensity of the superconducting bulk sample under the set cooling temperature condition can be determined.
For example, in one test embodiment, the cryogenic container is a liquid nitrogen container with a receiving cavity formed therein, the invention places the superconducting bulk sample in the receiving cavity and injects liquid nitrogen into the receiving cavity to cool the superconducting bulk sample; when the injected liquid nitrogen surface is in a stable state, it can be regarded that the set cooling temperature has been reached, that is, the set cooling temperature in the present embodiment is the temperature at which liquid nitrogen is stable.
In this embodiment, when the superconducting bulk sample reaches the set cooling temperature, the magnetic induction intensity of the superconducting bulk sample under the set cooling temperature condition can be detected; specifically, a sensor arranged at each sampling point senses a magnetic field and electromagnetic force at a corresponding position and outputs the magnetic field and electromagnetic force in the form of a voltage signal; the invention receives and processes the voltage signals output by the plurality of sensors through the multichannel data acquisition card to obtain the magnetic induction intensity at the liquid nitrogen temperature.
Specifically, the output voltage of the sensor can be calculated according to the following formula:
wherein V is H To output voltage, R H Is a sensor coefficient, is a constant, I c For driving current, B is the measuring magnetic field, d is the thickness of the sensor sheet, thus outputting voltage V H And drive current I c In proportion to the magnetic field B, when the driving current I c Unchanged, output voltage V H Is determined by the magnetic field B, so that the superconducting block can be determined according to the voltage signal actually output by the sensorMagnetic field of the material sample.
In an embodiment, the magnetic-force testing method of the present invention may obtain the second magnetic field and the second electromagnetic force of the sampling point during the test of the test guiding force, and may determine the second bulk surface magnetic field of the superconducting bulk sample according to the second magnetic field and the second electromagnetic force.
For example, in the guide force test process, after the superconducting bulk sample is cooled at a set field cooling position, the superconducting bulk sample moves to a set working position in the vertical direction, and relaxation is carried out for 300 seconds to stabilize the current density and the like in the superconductor; after relaxation, the magnetic field is moved to the set position laterally and then returns to the original point, and then is moved to the set position laterally along the reverse direction and returns to the original point, so that electromagnetic force (guiding force) and a magnetic field of a sampling point which are subjected to the process can be tested.
Or in another embodiment, the magnetic-force testing method can acquire the second magnetic field data and the second electromagnetic force data of the sampling point in the vibration testing process, and can analyze and determine the electromagnetic characteristics of the superconducting bulk sample according to the second magnetic field data and the second electromagnetic force data.
For example, in another embodiment of the present invention, the test steps of the vibration process are as follows: after 300s relaxation, the superconducting bulk sample is forced to vibrate at a working position, and electromagnetic force (guide force) and a sampling point magnetic field are applied in the vibration process are tested. The magnetic field and electromagnetic force in the process of 4 working conditions can be tested in real time, and the method comprises the following steps: a. reciprocating in the vertical direction; b. relaxation; c. back and forth in the horizontal direction; d. vertical or lateral vibration.
Fig. 2 is a flowchart two of the magnetic-force testing method according to the present invention, in which, in the application scenario shown in fig. 2, the specific testing process of the superconducting material block sample according to the present invention is as follows:
s201, respectively arranging a plurality of sensors at sampling points of a superconducting bulk sample to be tested;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of sampling points of a superconducting slab sample in an embodiment, where the sampling points at least include: the surface center 302 of the superconducting bulk, at least one seed crystal plane 301, at least one seed growth boundary 303, at least one seed growth region 304, at least one non-seed plane 305. Therefore, the number of the sensors is determined according to the number of specific sampling points, if the superconducting bulk material sample is provided with 4 sampling points, 4 sensors 1 are arranged in total, and each sensor 1 respectively detects the relevant magnetic field and the magnetic-force of one sampling point.
In an embodiment, the type of sensor comprises a hall sensor.
S202, placing a superconducting bulk sample in a low-temperature container for cooling;
in the embodiment, the low-temperature container for cooling the superconducting bulk sample is a liquid nitrogen container, so that the superconducting bulk sample can be cooled by utilizing the low-temperature quick freezing characteristic of the liquid nitrogen by injecting the liquid nitrogen into the liquid nitrogen container;
s203, judging whether the superconducting bulk sample reaches a set cooling temperature, if so, executing a step S204, and if not, executing a step S202;
in the embodiment, the cooling temperature is set to be the temperature when the nitrogen surface of the liquid nitrogen is in a stable state, namely, when the nitrogen surface of the liquid nitrogen is stable, the temperature of the superconducting bulk sample is kept consistent with the temperature of the liquid nitrogen, heat exchange does not occur, and at the moment, the temperature of the superconducting bulk sample is-196 ℃ in a normal pressure state;
specifically, in the test process, whether the set cooling temperature is reached can be judged by observing whether the fluctuation exists on the nitrogen surface of the liquid nitrogen injected into the liquid nitrogen container; if the nitrogen surface still has fluctuation, the stable state is not reached, namely the superconducting bulk sample does not reach the set cooling temperature yet; if there is no or little fluctuation in the nitrogen face, it is indicated that a steady state has been reached, i.e. the superconducting bulk sample has reached the set cooling temperature. Further, after filling the liquid nitrogen container with liquid nitrogen and stabilizing, the liquid nitrogen container can be kept for at least 15min, so that the superconductor is ensured to completely enter a superconducting state.
S204, obtaining an output voltage signal of a sampling point;
in this embodiment, the multi-channel data acquisition card is electrically connected with a plurality of sensors arranged at sampling points, so that the multi-channel data acquisition card can receive voltage signals output by the plurality of sensors;
s205, processing the output voltage signal of the sampling point to obtain the magnetic induction intensity of the superconducting bulk sample;
s206, controlling the reciprocating motion between the cold position and the working position;
s207, acquiring real-time first magnetic field data and first electromagnetic force data of a sampling point;
in this embodiment, the obtained first magnetic field data is the magnetic field of the sampling point, so that a first association relationship between the magnetic field and displacement can be determined according to the magnetic field, the moving speed and the moving time of the superconducting bulk sample in a round trip operation;
in this embodiment, the obtained second electromagnetic force data is the stress of the superconducting bulk sample in the round trip operation process, so that the second association relationship between the electromagnetic force and the displacement can be determined according to the stress and the displacement of the superconducting bulk sample.
S208, analyzing electromagnetic characteristics of the superconducting bulk sample according to the first magnetic field data and the first electromagnetic force data.
S209, ending the flow.
The invention also provides a magnetic-force testing device of high-temperature superconductive magnetic suspension, which comprises:
the first sensor is used for acquiring first magnetic field data of sampling points of the superconducting bulk sample, and the sampling points at least comprise: the method comprises the steps of (1) a seed crystal surface center of a superconducting bulk material, at least one seed crystal growth boundary, at least one seed crystal growth area and corresponding non-seed crystal surface sampling points;
the second sensor is used for acquiring first electromagnetic force data of the superconducting bulk sample;
and the analysis device is used for analyzing the electromagnetic characteristics of the superconducting bulk sample according to the first magnetic field data and the first electromagnetic force data.
In this embodiment, the magneto-force testing apparatus further comprises a driving means, a first recording means and a second recording means, wherein,
the driving device is used for controlling the superconducting bulk sample to make reciprocating movement between a cold position and a working position;
the first sensor is used for acquiring the magnetic field of the sampling point in real time;
the recording device is used for recording the moving speed and the moving time of the superconducting bulk sample in the reciprocating operation;
the analysis device comprises a first analysis sub-device, wherein the first analysis sub-device is used for determining a first association relation between the magnetic field and displacement according to the magnetic field, the moving speed and the moving time of the superconducting bulk sample in a reciprocating operation;
the second sensor is used for acquiring the stress of the superconducting bulk sample in the round trip operation process;
the second recording device is used for recording the displacement of the superconducting bulk sample;
the analysis device comprises a second analysis sub-device which is used for determining a second association relation between electromagnetic force and displacement according to the stress and the displacement of the superconducting bulk sample.
In this embodiment, the magneto-force testing apparatus further includes a low-temperature container for cooling the superconducting bulk sample until the superconducting bulk sample reaches a set cooling temperature before the magnetic field and the electromagnetic force of the sampling point of the superconducting bulk sample are acquired;
in this embodiment, the magneto-force testing device is further used to determine the magnetic induction intensity of the superconducting bulk sample under the set cooling temperature condition.
In this embodiment, the magneto-force testing apparatus further comprises a multi-channel data acquisition card for:
obtaining an output voltage signal of a sampling point; and
and processing the output voltage signal of the sampling point to obtain the magnetic induction intensity of the superconducting bulk sample.
In this embodiment, the magneto-force testing apparatus further includes:
a third sensor for: acquiring second magnetic field data of a sampling point in a test guiding force test process or a vibration process;
a fourth sensor for acquiring second electromagnetic force data of a sampling point in a pilot force test process or a vibration process;
the analysis device is also used for analyzing the electromagnetic characteristics of the superconducting bulk sample according to the second magnetic field data and the second electromagnetic force data.
Fig. 4 is a block diagram illustrating the structure of a magneto-force testing apparatus according to the present invention according to an exemplary embodiment.
As shown in fig. 4, the present invention further provides another magnetic force testing device for high temperature superconductive magnetic levitation, the magnetic force testing device comprising:
a sensor 1 for acquiring first magnetic field data and first electromagnetic force data of a sampling point of a superconducting bulk sample, the sampling point including at least: the surface center of the superconducting bulk material, at least one seed crystal face, at least one seed crystal growth boundary, at least one seed crystal growth area and at least one non-seed crystal face;
and the electromagnetic force testing device 2 is used for analyzing the electromagnetic characteristics of the superconducting bulk sample according to the first magnetic field data and the first electromagnetic force data.
In the embodiment, the sensor 1 has smaller size, can be directly adhered to the surface of the superconducting bulk material by using low-temperature glue, and is placed in a liquid nitrogen container together with a superconducting bulk material sample in the test process to carry out relevant static and dynamic experimental tests.
Preferably, since the sensor 1 is also placed in a liquid nitrogen container with a lower temperature during the test, the sensor 1 needs to be calibrated at a low temperature before the test in order to avoid the influence of the low temperature environment on the measurement accuracy of the sensor 1.
In one embodiment, the magneto-force testing apparatus further comprises driving means for controlling the reciprocating movement between the cold position and the working position; the sensor 1 is used for acquiring the magnetic field of a sampling point and the stress of the superconducting bulk sample in the round trip operation process in real time.
The electromagnetic force testing device 2 can record the moving speed and moving time of the superconducting bulk sample in the reciprocating operation and the displacement of the superconducting bulk sample; the first association relation between the magnetic field and displacement can be determined according to the magnetic field, the moving speed and the moving time of the back and forth running of the superconducting bulk sample; and determining a second association relation between the electromagnetic force and the displacement according to the stress and the displacement of the superconducting bulk sample.
In an embodiment, the magneto-force testing apparatus further comprises a cryogenic container for cooling the superconducting bulk sample until the superconducting bulk sample reaches a set cooling temperature before the first magnetic field and the first electromagnetic force at the sampling point of the superconducting bulk sample are acquired; the electromagnetic force testing device 2 is also used for determining the magnetic induction intensity of the superconducting bulk sample under the set cooling temperature condition.
In one embodiment, the magnetic-force testing device further comprises a multi-channel data acquisition card 3, wherein the multi-channel data acquisition card 3 can be directly inserted into a PCI slot in a computer to form a necessary acquisition and processing system of the magnetic field testing module; specifically, the multichannel data acquisition card 3 is used for: obtaining an output voltage signal of a sampling point; and processing the output voltage signal of the sampling point to obtain the magnetic induction intensity of the superconducting bulk sample.
In this embodiment, the multichannel data acquisition card 3 is connected to the output end of the sensor 1 through a multicore data line, and converts the relevant data signal into the required magnetic field data.
In an embodiment, the sensor 1 is further adapted to: acquiring second magnetic field data and second electromagnetic force data of a sampling point in a test guiding force test process or a vibration process; the electromagnetic force testing device 2 is further used for analyzing and determining electromagnetic characteristics of the superconducting bulk sample according to the second magnetic field and the second electromagnetic force.
In the foregoing embodiments, before each start of testing the magnetic field and magnetic force data of the sampling point, the electromagnetic force testing device 2 performs the zeroing processing on the related data such as displacement and magnetic force, so as to avoid the interference influence of the initial data or the last test data of the electromagnetic force testing device 2 on the current test.
In the embodiment, the magneto-force testing device further comprises a constant current power supply 4 and a display device, wherein the constant current power supply 4 is used for supplying power to the sensor 1, the electromagnetic force testing device 2, the display device 5 and other devices, and the display device 5 can be used for displaying the detected first magnetic field, the first electromagnetic force, the second magnetic field force, the magnetic induction intensity, the bulk surface magnetic field and other relevant test data to a technician.
In this embodiment, one constant current power supply 4 corresponds to one sensor 1, and a one-to-one power supply mode of the constant current power supply 4 and the sensor 1 can provide more stable current for the sensor 1, so as to ensure measurement accuracy of the sensor.
It is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the arrangements and instrumentality shown in the drawings and described above, and that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the invention is limited only by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The magnetic-force testing method of the high-temperature superconductive magnetic suspension is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
acquiring first magnetic field data of sampling points of a superconducting bulk sample, wherein the sampling points at least comprise: the center of the seed crystal surface of the superconducting bulk material, at least one seed crystal growth boundary, at least one seed crystal growth area and corresponding non-seed crystal surface sampling points;
acquiring first electromagnetic force data of the superconducting bulk sample;
and analyzing electromagnetic characteristics of the superconducting bulk sample according to the first magnetic field data and the first electromagnetic force data.
2. A method of magneto-force testing according to claim 1, wherein,
the acquiring the first magnetic field data of the sampling point of the superconducting bulk sample comprises the following steps:
controlling the superconducting bulk sample to make reciprocating motion between a field cooling position and a working position, and acquiring the magnetic field of the sampling point in real time;
determining a first association relation between the magnetic field and displacement according to the magnetic field, the moving speed and the moving time of the superconducting bulk sample in a reciprocating operation;
the acquiring the first electromagnetic force data of the superconducting bulk sample includes:
obtaining the stress of the superconducting bulk sample in the round trip operation process;
and determining a second association relation between electromagnetic force and displacement according to the stress and the displacement of the superconducting bulk sample.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein prior to the acquiring the magnetic field of the sample point of the superconducting bulk sample and the electromagnetic force of the superconducting bulk, the method further comprises:
placing the superconducting bulk sample in a low-temperature container for cooling until the superconducting bulk sample reaches a set cooling temperature;
and determining the magnetic induction intensity of the superconducting bulk sample under the set cooling temperature condition.
4. A magneto-force testing method according to claim 3, wherein said determining the magnetic induction of said superconducting bulk sample at said set cooling temperature condition comprises:
acquiring an output voltage signal of the sampling point;
and processing the output voltage signal of the sampling point to obtain the magnetic induction intensity of the superconducting bulk sample.
5. The magneto-force testing method of claim 1, wherein the magneto-force testing method further comprises:
acquiring second magnetic field data and second electromagnetic force data of a sampling point in a test guiding force test process or a vibration process;
and analyzing the electromagnetic characteristics of the superconducting bulk sample according to the second magnetic field data and the second electromagnetic force data.
6. A magnetic-force testing device for high temperature superconductive magnetic levitation, the magnetic-force testing device comprising:
the first sensor is used for acquiring first magnetic field data of sampling points of the superconducting bulk sample, and the sampling points at least comprise:
the center of the seed crystal surface of the superconducting bulk material, at least one seed crystal growth boundary, at least one seed crystal growth area and corresponding non-seed crystal surface sampling points;
the second sensor is used for acquiring first electromagnetic force data of the superconducting bulk sample;
and the analysis device is used for analyzing the electromagnetic characteristics of the superconducting bulk sample according to the first magnetic field data and the first electromagnetic force data.
7. The magneto-force testing apparatus of claim 6, further comprising a drive means, a first recording means, and a second recording means, wherein,
the driving device is used for controlling the superconducting bulk sample to reciprocate between a cold position and a working position;
the first sensor is used for acquiring the magnetic field of the sampling point in real time;
the recording device is used for recording the moving speed and the moving time of the superconducting bulk sample in the reciprocating operation;
the analysis device comprises a first analysis sub-device, wherein the first analysis sub-device is used for determining a first association relation between a magnetic field and displacement according to the magnetic field, the moving speed and the moving time of the superconducting bulk sample in a reciprocating operation;
the second sensor is used for acquiring the stress of the superconducting bulk sample in the round trip operation process;
the second recording device is used for recording the displacement of the superconducting bulk sample;
the analysis device comprises a second analysis sub-device which is used for determining a second association relation between electromagnetic force and displacement according to the stress and the displacement of the superconducting bulk sample.
8. A magneto-force testing apparatus according to claim 6, wherein,
the magnetic-force testing device also comprises a low-temperature container, a magnetic sensor and a magnetic sensor, wherein the low-temperature container is used for cooling the superconducting bulk sample until the superconducting bulk sample reaches a set cooling temperature before the magnetic field and the electromagnetic force of the sampling point of the superconducting bulk sample are acquired;
the magnetic-force testing device is also used for determining the magnetic induction intensity of the superconducting bulk sample under the set cooling temperature condition.
9. The magneto-force testing apparatus of claim 8, further comprising a multi-channel data acquisition card for:
acquiring an output voltage signal of the sampling point; and
and processing the output voltage signal of the sampling point to obtain the magnetic induction intensity of the superconducting bulk sample.
10. The magneto-force testing apparatus of claim 6, wherein said apparatus further comprises:
a third sensor for: acquiring second magnetic field data of the sampling point in a test guiding force test process or a vibration process;
a fourth sensor for acquiring second electromagnetic force data of the sampling point during the pilot force test process or the vibration process;
the analysis device is also used for analyzing the electromagnetic characteristics of the superconducting bulk sample according to the second magnetic field data and the second electromagnetic force data.
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