CN107621532A - The method that the outstanding critical shear stress of shallow lake bed mud is determined based on mutation analysis - Google Patents
The method that the outstanding critical shear stress of shallow lake bed mud is determined based on mutation analysis Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses the method that the outstanding critical shear stress of shallow lake bed mud is determined based on mutation analysis, comprise the following steps：Obtain concentration of suspension and bottom shearing stress at data, including water-soil environment；By curve matching, the fitting function of bottom shearing stress and concentration of suspension is established according to above-mentioned data, the scope of preliminary judgement critical shear stress is divided according to matched curve；Mutation analysis is carried out to above-mentioned data using nonparametric Mann Kendall methods of inspection, determines that bed mud plays outstanding critical shear stress.The present invention is simple to operation, and image is visual and clear, objective, science, is quantitatively determined that bottom mud in lake plays outstanding critical shear stress, administers for lake sediment settling flux and internal loading theoretical research, lake eutrophication and provides reliable basis.With very strong practicality and wide applicability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method that bottom mud in lake plays outstanding critical shear stress, and in particular to one kind is true based on mutation analysis
Determine the method that shallow lake bed mud plays outstanding critical shear stress.
Background technology
Current lake is faced with problems, as eutrophication, organic contamination, western lake salinization, ecological environment and
Lakes Dry Up, discharge reduction etc., especially eutrophication, not only constrain the utilizability of lake resource, and directly affect
To the health existence and the sustainable development of social economy of the mankind.
Lake eutrophication refers to due to the enrichment of Water, phosphorus nutrition material, causes algae and other planktonic organisms
Rapid breeding, Dissolved Oxygen in Water amount decline fish and other biological mortality, the phenomenon of water quality deterioration.From eutrophic pollution control
Pollution sources, can be divided into external source and endogenous by system analysis.External source pollution include industrial wastewater, town domestic sewage, solidification disposal of waste field,
Cities and towns rainwash, farming and pastoral area rainwash, Atmospheric precipitation etc., endogenous pollution refer to various nutrients, the pollutant into lake
The polluted bed mud that forms of main accumulation etc..The control and improvement of lake external source pollution have achieved certain actual effect at present.External source
After obtaining control, endogenous influence can become obvious, and the rate of release of bed mud is accelerated, and the pollution situation of water body is continued.
Sediment resuspension is the dynamic process frequently occurred in the interlayer of base, is to realize deposit and water body mass exchange
Important channel, the important role in the material exchange process of deposit and water body.Deposit hangs again caused by hydrodynamic force
It is floating to influence whether underwater light field distribution, turbidity and internal loading, and then have influence on the blue, growth of green alga.When water-soil interface
Bed mud by stormy waves frequent disturbance when, it may occur that settling flux so that the nutrition of bed mud Interstitial Water middle and high concentration discharges, and enters
One step exacerbates endogenous load.
Numerous researchs show that bed mud caused by energetic disturbance hangs and the burst size of internal nutrients is much larger than concentration gradient
Quiet burst size, play key player in the differentiation of water ecological setting.Bed mud suspension depth it is size-controlled in stormy waves
Strength of turbulence, disturbance it is more violent, wave shearing stress is bigger caused by water bottom, and bed mud suspension amount is bigger.
Therefore, bottom mud in lake plays the determination of outstanding critical shear stress, can be that lake sediment settling flux and internal loading are theoretical
Research, lake eutrophication, which are administered, provides reliable basis.
The content of the invention
To solve the deficiencies in the prior art, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of simple to operation, image is visual and clear
Method that shallow lake bed mud plays outstanding critical shear stress is determined based on mutation analysis.
In order to realize above-mentioned target, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that：
The method that the outstanding critical shear stress of shallow lake bed mud is determined based on mutation analysis, is comprised the following steps：
S1, obtain concentration of suspension and the data of bottom shearing stress at water-soil interface；
S2, by curve matching, the fitting function of bottom shearing stress and concentration of suspension is established according to above-mentioned data, according to
Matched curve divides the scope of preliminary judgement critical shear stress；
S3, using non-parametric Mann-Kendall test method mutation analysis is carried out, determine that bed mud plays outstanding critical shear stress.
Concentration of suspension and the data of bottom shearing stress are tested together by field monitoring at water-soil interface in above-mentioned steps S1
Step obtains.During measurement, data answer synchro measure, and measure sampled data frequency and keep high-frequency, to ensure data volume abundance, and
Ensure the accuracy of analysis.
Curve matching is completed by SPSS, EXCEL, MATLAB numerical analysis software in above-mentioned steps S2.
The fitting function of bottom shearing stress and concentration of suspension is established in above-mentioned steps S2, is concretely comprised the following steps：Selection returns
Model carries out data fitting, by the test of fitness of fot of curve, determines the optimal function of degree of fitting.
Further, it is multiple to include Linear linear models, Quadratic secondary models, Compound for above-mentioned regression model
Matched moulds type, Growth growth models, Logarithmic logarithmic models, S patterns type, Cubic parabola models, Exponential
Exponential model, Inverse reciprocal models, Power power function models, Logistic models.
Further, the method for the above-mentioned test of fitness of fot is as follows：
Define index R2, the ratio of error sum of squares and mean square deviation is represented, its calculation formula is：
In formula, Y represents actual value, Y1Represent actual mean value, Y2Represent the theoretical value that matched curve is tried to achieve.
If the ratio of error sum of squares and mean square deviation is smaller, illustrate that actual observation value and estimate are closer, curve is intended
That closes is better.
The scope of preliminary judgement critical shear stress is divided in above-mentioned steps S2 according to matched curve, specific method is：According to
Slope of curve k change, curve is divided into concentration of suspension is basically unchanged, concentration of suspension becomes big with shearing stress and gradually becomes
Greatly, concentration of suspension becomes rapidly big three parts greatly with shearing stress change, corresponds to bed mud respectively and does not play outstanding, small-scale outstanding extensive
Outstanding three stages.
The method can determine that the scope of critical shear stress, analyze accurate critical shear stress value in next step.
Mutation analysis is carried out using non-parametric Mann-Kendall test method in above-mentioned steps S3, it is final to determine that bed mud is outstanding
Critical shear stress, concretely comprise the following steps：
A1：By the concentration of suspension of acquisition and the synchrodata of bottom shearing stress, arranged according to bottom shearing stress size ascending order
Row, construct one group of concentration of suspension sequence xi(i=1,2 ..., n)；
A2：Construct an order row aij, represent xi＞ xjThe sample cumulative number of (1≤j≤i), it is as follows：
Define Sk：
Wherein k=2,3 ..., n (3)
SkAverage E (Sk) and variance var (Sk) be defined as follows：
Define statistic：
Wherein k=2,3 ..., n (6)
Wherein UF1=0；
A3：By sequence xiReverse, i.e. xn, xn-1..., x1, repeat step A2, draw statistic UFk *Make UBk=UFk *,
Level of signifiance α is provided, takes α=0.05, looks into gaussian distribution table, obtains critical value u0.05=± 1.96.
A4：By UFkAnd UBk(± 1.96 two straight lines, the upper limit are referred to as LU, lower limit for two statistic sequence curves and reliability line
Referred to as LD) it is painted on same figure, analyze the UF drawnkAnd UBkCurve map, work as UFkDuring more than 0, show that sequence becomes in rising
Gesture；If more than 1.96, show that sequence ascendant trend is notable；Work as UFkDuring less than 0, show that sequence is on a declining curve；If less than-
1.96, then show that sequence downward trend is notable；Work as UFkCurve and UBkWhen intersection point occurs in curve, and intersection point is between ± 1.96,
Then show catastrophe point be present, and intersection point is catastrophe point；
By UFkCurve and UBkShearing stress corresponding to intersections of complex curve is defined as τ1, risen for bed mud from not rising to hang to small-scale
The critical shear stress of outstanding status transition, UFkCurve is defined as τ with the shearing stress corresponding to LU straight-line intersections2, be bed mud by small rule
Mould plays outstanding state to the critical shear stress for playing outstanding status transition on a large scale, and taken with reference to matched curve interpretation of result critical shear stress
The reasonability of value.
The present invention is advantageous in that：
The method that the outstanding critical shear stress of shallow lake bed mud is determined based on mutation analysis of the present invention, it is simple to operation,
Image is visual and clear, objective, science, is quantitatively determined that bottom mud in lake plays outstanding critical shear stress, is lake sediment settling flux
Administered with internal loading theoretical research, lake eutrophication and reliable basis are provided, there is very strong practicality and be widely applicable
Property.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the matched curve that bottom concentration of suspension changes with wave shearing stress in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the M-K statistic curve maps that bottom concentration of suspension changes with shearing stress in the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Make specific introduce to the present invention below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
The method that the outstanding critical shear stress of shallow lake bed mud is determined based on mutation analysis, is comprised the following steps：
Concentration of suspension and the data of bottom shearing stress at S1, synchronous acquisition water-soil interface, sample frequency 10Hz；
S2, by SPSS, EXCEL, MATLAB numerical analysis software complete curve matching, establish bottom according to above-mentioned data
The fitting function of shearing stress and concentration of suspension：Select regression model, such as bis- Linear linear models, Quadratic moulds
Type, Compound composite models, Growth growth models, Logarithmic logarithmic models, S patterns type, Cubic parabola moulds
Type, Exponential exponential models, Inverse reciprocal models, Power power function models, Logistic models are fitted,
By the test of fitness of fot of curve, the optimal function of degree of fitting is determined；Further according to matched curve division, preliminary judgement is critical cuts
The scope of stress；
Goodness-of-fit test method is：
Define index of correlation R2, the ratio of error sum of squares and mean square deviation is represented, its calculation formula is：
In formula, Y represents actual value, Y1Represent actual mean value, Y2Represent the theoretical value that matched curve is tried to achieve.
The method of scope that preliminary judgement critical shear stress is divided according to matched curve is：According to slope of curve k change,
It is divided into that concentration of suspension is basically unchanged, concentration of suspension becomes big with shearing stress and become larger, concentration of suspension is with shearing stress
Change becomes rapidly big three parts greatly, corresponds to bed mud respectively and does not play outstanding, small-scale outstanding, medium-scale and extensive outstanding three stages.
S3, using non-parametric Mann-Kendall test method mutation analysis is carried out, determines that bed mud plays outstanding critical shear stress,
Concretely comprise the following steps：
A1：The synchrodata of concentration of suspension and bottom shearing stress has been obtained, has been arranged according to bottom shearing stress size ascending order,
Construct one group of concentration of suspension sequence xi(i=1,2 ..., n)
A2：Construct an order row aij, represent xi＞ xjThe sample cumulative number of (1≤j≤i), it is as follows：
Define Sk：
Wherein k=2,3 ..., n (3)
SkAverage E (Sk) and variance var (Sk) be defined as follows：
Define statistic：
Wherein k=2,3 ..., n (6)
Wherein UF1=0；
A3：By sequence xiReverse, i.e. xn, xn-1..., x1, repeat step A2, draw statistic UFk *, make UBk=-
UFk *, level of signifiance α is provided, typically takes α=0.05, looks into gaussian distribution table, obtains critical value u0.05=± 1.96.
A4：By UFkAnd UBk(± 1.96 two straight lines, the upper limit are referred to as LU, lower limit for two statistic sequence curves and reliability line
Referred to as LD) it is painted on same figure, analyze the UF drawnkAnd UBkCurve map, work as UFkDuring more than 0, show that sequence becomes in rising
Gesture；If more than 1.96, show that sequence ascendant trend is notable；Work as UFkDuring less than 0, show that sequence is on a declining curve；If less than-
1.96, then show that sequence downward trend is notable；Work as UFkCurve and UBkWhen intersection point occurs in curve, and intersection point is between ± 1.96,
Then show catastrophe point be present, and intersection point is catastrophe point.
By UFkCurve and UBkShearing stress corresponding to intersections of complex curve is defined as τ1, risen for bed mud from not rising to hang to small-scale
The critical shear stress of outstanding status transition, UFkCurve is defined as τ with the shearing stress corresponding to LU straight-line intersections2, be bed mud by small rule
Mould plays outstanding state to medium-scale and play the critical shear stress of outstanding status transition on a large scale；And face with reference to matched curve interpretation of result
The reasonability of boundary's shearing stress value.
Below to be derived from the field Simultaneous Monitoring data instance in Taihu Lake, illustrate the processing procedure of present invention method.
1st, ADV (Son Tek are passed through；10Hz), it is dense to obtain suspension at water-soil interface by OBS (value is exported per 3min)
Synchronous with bottom shearing stress the high-resolution data of degree, five minutes one group, totally 364 groups of data.
2nd, by curve matching, the best fit function of bottom shearing stress and concentration of suspension is established, according to matched curve
Divide the scope of preliminary judgement critical shear stress.
The matched curve that bottom concentration of suspension changes with wave shearing stress as shown in Figure 1, utilizes SPSS softwares to carry out
Curve matching, best fit function are quadratic polynomial, R2=0.7956：
According to slope of curve k change, be divided into concentration of suspension be basically unchanged, concentration of suspension with shearing stress become it is big and
Become larger, concentration of suspension becomes with shearing stress and becomes big three parts rapidly greatly, correspond to respectively bed mud do not rise outstanding, small-scale hang,
Medium-scale and extensive outstanding three stages.It can determine that bed mud from not acting the critical shear stress hanged to outstanding status transition is played on a small scale
Scope is 0.01~0.1N/m2, bed mud from playing outstanding state to the critical shear stress scope for playing outstanding status transition on a large scale on a small scale
For 0.05~0.5N/m2, accurate critical shear stress value needs analysis in next step.
3rd, mutation analysis is carried out using non-parametric Mann-Kendall test method, final critical cut for determining that bed mud is outstanding should
Power.
The M-K statistics curve map that bottom concentration of suspension changes with shearing stress as shown in Figure 2, in ± 1.96 confidence models
Enclose interior UF curves and intersection point be present with UB curves, illustrate that bottom concentration of suspension has catastrophe during continuous increase,
The value of shearing stress corresponding to catastrophe point is 0.062N/m2。
In addition individually the variation tendency of UF curves is analyzed, from accompanying drawing 2：
When wave shearing stress is less than 0.062N/m2, fluctuation, its numerical value mainly collect UF curves in most cases up and down
In between -1.96~0, show that bottom concentration of suspension is presented and decline and be remarkably decreased trend；
When wave shearing stress is 0.062~0.105N/m2When, UF values are just but less than 1.96, show that bottom bottom suspends
Ascendant trend is presented in thing concentration；
When wave shearing stress is more than 0.105N/m2When, UF values are more than 1.96, and it is aobvious to show that bottom bottom concentration of suspension has
Write ascendant trend.
Risen with reference to bed mud and hang the different conditions of experience and the span of shearing stress, bed mud is outstanding in this monitoring process can
It is divided into following several stages：
Bed mud does not play outstanding, τw＜ 0.062N/m2, bottom concentration of suspension average value is 40.79 ± 11.22mg/l；
Bed mud plays outstanding, 0.062≤τ on a small scalew＜ 0.105N/m2, bottom concentration of suspension average value be 53.78 ±
10.46mg/l；
Bed mud is medium-scale and extensive rise is hanged, τw≥0.105N/m2, bottom concentration of suspension average value be 148.33 ±
63.76mg/l。
With reference to matched curve result, critical shear stress value is reasonable.
The basic principles, principal features and advantages of the present invention have been shown and described above.The technical staff of the industry should
Understand, the invention is not limited in any way for above-described embodiment, all to be obtained by the way of equivalent substitution or equivalent transformation
Technical scheme, all fall within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. the method for the outstanding critical shear stress of shallow lake bed mud is determined based on mutation analysis, it is characterised in that including following step
Suddenly：
S1, obtain concentration of suspension and bottom shearing stress at data, including water-soil interface；
S2, by curve matching, the fitting function of bottom shearing stress and concentration of suspension is established according to above-mentioned data, according to fitting
Curve divides the scope of preliminary judgement critical shear stress；
S3, using non-parametric Mann-Kendall test method mutation analysis is carried out to above-mentioned data, it is outstanding critical to determine that bed mud rises
Shearing stress.
2. the method according to claim 1 that the outstanding critical shear stress of shallow lake bed mud is determined based on mutation analysis, its
It is characterised by, concentration of suspension and the data of bottom shearing stress are tested by field monitoring at water-soil interface in the step S1
It is synchronous to obtain.
3. the method according to claim 1 that the outstanding critical shear stress of shallow lake bed mud is determined based on mutation analysis, its
It is characterised by, curve matching is completed by SPSS, EXCEL, MATLAB numerical analysis software in the step S2.
4. the method according to claim 1 that the outstanding critical shear stress of shallow lake bed mud is determined based on mutation analysis, its
It is characterised by, the fitting function of bottom shearing stress and concentration of suspension is established in the step S2, is concretely comprised the following steps：Selection returns
Model carries out data fitting, by the test of fitness of fot of curve, determines the optimal function of degree of fitting.
5. the method according to claim 4 that the outstanding critical shear stress of shallow lake bed mud is determined based on mutation analysis, its
Be characterised by, the regression model include Linear linear models, Quadratic secondary models, Compound composite models,
Growth growth models, Logarithmic logarithmic models, S patterns type, Cubic parabola models, Exponential index moulds
Type, Inverse reciprocal models, Power power function models, Logistic models.
6. the method according to claim 4 that the outstanding critical shear stress of shallow lake bed mud is determined based on mutation analysis, its
It is characterised by, the method for the test of fitness of fot is as follows：
Define index R2, the ratio of error sum of squares and mean square deviation is represented, its calculation formula is：
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In formula, Y represents actual value, Y1Represent actual mean value, Y2Represent the theoretical value that matched curve is tried to achieve.
7. the method according to claim 1 that the outstanding critical shear stress of shallow lake bed mud is determined based on mutation analysis, its
It is characterised by, divide the scope of preliminary judgement critical shear stress in the step S2 according to matched curve, specific method is：According to
Slope of curve k change, curve is divided into concentration of suspension is basically unchanged, concentration of suspension becomes big with shearing stress and gradually becomes
Greatly, concentration of suspension becomes with shearing stress and becomes big three parts rapidly greatly, correspond to bed mud respectively and does not play outstanding, small-scale rise and hangs and on a large scale
Play outstanding three stages.
8. the method according to claim 1 that the outstanding critical shear stress of shallow lake bed mud is determined based on mutation analysis, its
It is characterised by, mutation analysis is carried out using non-parametric Mann-Kendall test method in the step S3, it is final to determine that bed mud rises
Outstanding critical shear stress, is concretely comprised the following steps：
A1：By the concentration of suspension of acquisition and the synchrodata of bottom shearing stress, arranged according to bottom shearing stress size ascending order, structure
Make one group of concentration of suspension sequence xi(i=1,2 ..., n)；
A2：Construct an order row aij, represent xi＞ xjThe sample cumulative number of (1≤j≤i), it is as follows：
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SkAverage E (Sk) and variance var (Sk) be defined as follows：
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Wherein UF1=0；
A3：By sequence xiReverse, i.e. xn, xn-1..., x1, repeat step A2, draw statistic UFk *, make UBk=-UFk *, give
Go out level of signifiance α, take α=0.05, look into gaussian distribution table, obtain critical value u0.05=± 1.96.
A4：By UFkAnd UBk(± 1.96 two straight lines, the upper limit are referred to as LU, and lower limit is referred to as two statistic sequence curves and reliability line
LD) it is painted on same figure, analyzes the UF drawnkAnd UBkCurve map, work as UFkDuring more than 0, show that sequence is in rising trend；If
More than 1.96, then show that sequence ascendant trend is notable；Work as UFkDuring less than 0, show that sequence is on a declining curve；If less than -1.96,
Then show that sequence downward trend is notable；Work as UFkCurve and UBkWhen intersection point occurs in curve, and intersection point is between ± 1.96, then table
It is bright catastrophe point to be present, and intersection point is catastrophe point；
By UFkCurve and UBkShearing stress corresponding to intersections of complex curve is defined as τ1, hanged for bed mud from not rising to playing outstanding shape on a small scale
The critical shear stress of state transition, UFkCurve is defined as τ with the shearing stress corresponding to LU straight-line intersections2, be bed mud by a small scale
Outstanding state combines matched curve interpretation of result critical shear stress value to the critical shear stress for playing outstanding status transition on a large scale
Reasonability.
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| CN108827871A (en) * | 2018-08-17 | 2018-11-16 | 河海大学 | Silt surface shearing stress determines method in a kind of tubular type soil erosion experimental rig |
| CN108984771A (en) * | 2018-07-23 | 2018-12-11 | 河海大学 | The river width extracting method of Mann-Kendall Mutation Assay based on river cross-section value of slope |
| CN110162905A (en) * | 2019-05-29 | 2019-08-23 | 河海大学 | A kind of large-scale shallow water lake model and its construction method based on internal loading |
| CN112464169A (en) * | 2020-12-03 | 2021-03-09 | 上海卫星工程研究所 | Big data single-parameter threshold mining and correcting method and system based on statistical distribution |
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| CN108827871B (en) * | 2018-08-17 | 2020-11-10 | 河海大学 | Method for determining shear stress of sediment surface in tubular sediment erosion test device |
| CN110162905A (en) * | 2019-05-29 | 2019-08-23 | 河海大学 | A kind of large-scale shallow water lake model and its construction method based on internal loading |
| CN110162905B (en) * | 2019-05-29 | 2022-09-16 | 河海大学 | Large shallow lake model based on endogenous release and construction method thereof |
| CN112464169A (en) * | 2020-12-03 | 2021-03-09 | 上海卫星工程研究所 | Big data single-parameter threshold mining and correcting method and system based on statistical distribution |
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