CN107621232A - 4th axis center bulb height testing tool and the 4th axis center high detection method - Google Patents
4th axis center bulb height testing tool and the 4th axis center high detection method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107621232A CN107621232A CN201710803880.XA CN201710803880A CN107621232A CN 107621232 A CN107621232 A CN 107621232A CN 201710803880 A CN201710803880 A CN 201710803880A CN 107621232 A CN107621232 A CN 107621232A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- axis center
- calibrated bolck
- grating scale
- testing tool
- detection platform
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000719178 Carangoides ruber Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004807 localization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- A Measuring Device Byusing Mechanical Method (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of 4th axis center bulb height testing tool and the 4th axis center high detection method,The cubing includes detection platform,Calibrated bolck and range unit,The calibrated bolck, which can position, to be positioned on detection platform surface,And calibrated bolck rear surface is close to the horizontal plane on the upside of detection platform,Range unit can be on the upside of examination criteria block upper end face to detection platform horizontal plane distance and the 4th axle base backwards to the 4th axle axis side horizontal plane to the cylindrical peak of flange disk distance,Detection method is that first standard tile height in detection platform is detected and is zeroed with grating scale,Then ranging is carried out to the 4th shaft flange disk cylindrical peak to the bottom surface of the 4th axle base with grating scale again and obtains the 4th axis center height and the deviation of standard figures,The present invention being capable of real-time online detection,Detection efficiency is high,Accuracy of detection is high,Be advantageous to improve Four-axis milling efficiency and machining accuracy.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of cubing and detection method, more particularly to a kind of 4th axis center bulb height testing tool and the 4th axis center
High detection method.
Background technology
In order to realize that the multiple faces of clamped one time can be all processed, it is necessary to using the 4th axle tool in CNC processing, join in three axles
Four-axis milling is formed on the basis of dynamic, and the ring flange that the 4th axle tool is used to position in process workpiece needs accurately to enter
Row processing, ring flange is cylindrical be processed when, it is necessary to ensure the 4th axis center and the height distance of base end face, but should be away from
From being difficult detection, generally require to disassemble whole carrier from machining tool to carry out projecting the mode such as detection and detected,
Detection efficiency is low, and repeated disassembled and assembled influences machining accuracy.
The content of the invention
In order to overcome drawbacks described above, the invention provides a kind of 4th axis center bulb height testing tool and the 4th axis center high detection side
Method, the 4th axis center bulb height testing tool is simple in construction, easy to use, using the 4th axis center the Supreme People's Procuratorate of the 4th axis center bulb height testing tool
Survey method detection efficiency is high, and testing result precision is high.
The present invention in order to solve its technical problem used by technical scheme：A kind of 4th axis center bulb height testing tool, including inspection
Platform, calibrated bolck and range unit are surveyed, the calibrated bolck, which can position, to be positioned on detection platform surface, and calibrated bolck lower end table
The horizontal plane on the upside of detection platform is close in face, the level that range unit can be on the upside of examination criteria block upper end face to detection platform
The distance in face and the 4th axle base backwards to the 4th axle axis side horizontal plane to the cylindrical peak of flange disk distance.
As a further improvement on the present invention, mounting bracket is additionally provided with, the mounting bracket is provided with a horizontal location face,
The horizontal location face can be close to transverse plane on calibrated bolck.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the mounting bracket is made up of orthogonal horizontal arm and vertical arm
L-shaped structure, range unit are fixedly installed in vertical arm.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the range unit is grating scale.
As a further improvement on the present invention, there is 3 ° -5 ° of angle with vertical direction in the grating scale, and be in standard
The grating scale lower end of block measuring state is relative to upper end closer to calibrated bolck.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the vertical arm is provided with the mounting groove of a upper end and one side opening, should
Mounting groove downside is provided with a perforation, and the main body of the grating scale be able to be placed in mounting groove, the measurement bar of grating scale
Perforation through on mounting groove downside.
As a further improvement on the present invention, a regulating block and regulation drive device are additionally provided with, the regulating block can be along water
Vertical arm lower end is slidingly positioned in towards standard Block direction in plane, regulating block is provided with what can be worn for optical grating ruler measurement bar
Jack, the jack and punch position face on mounting groove downside, and the penetration hole diameter is more than optical grating ruler measurement bar external diameter, institute
State regulation drive device to be installed in mounting bracket, regulation drive device driving regulating block motion.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the regulation drive device is bolt, bolt and vertical arm circumferencial direction energy
Enough rotate and the connection of axial retention, bolt are spirally connected with regulating block.
As a further improvement on the present invention, display screen is additionally provided with, the display screen can show range unit measurement
Distance values.
A kind of 4th axis center high detection method, comprises the following steps：
Step 1：Calibrated bolck will be positioned in detection platform；
Step 2：The mounting bracket horizontal arm for being provided with grating scale is placed on calibrated bolck on transverse plane, makes mounting bracket water
Horizontal location face on the downside of flat arm is close on the horizontal plane of calibrated bolck upper end；
Step 3：The measurement bar ends contact detection platform of grating scale obtains calibrated bolck height distance, then to grating scale
It is zeroed；
Step 4：Mounting bracket is removed from calibrated bolck together with grating scale, the horizontal arm of mounting bracket is placed on the 4th
Axle base keeps the horizontal location face on the downside of mounting bracket horizontal arm to be close on the horizontal plane of the 4th axle axis side
On the horizontal plane；
Step 5：The cylindrical peak of the shaft flange disk of measurement bar ends contact the 4th of grating scale carries out ranging, and by showing
Showing device show measurement result be and standard figures deviation.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：The present invention is first detected by measurement apparatus to the height of calibrated bolck, Ran Houzuo
It is zeroed for standard, then the distance between the 4th axle base end face and the 4th cylindrical peak of shaft flange disk is examined again
Survey, the difference for obtaining two distances puts the standard processed as worker's needs, facilitates worker to carry out real-time online detection to workpiece, keeps away
Dismantle and detect repeatedly when exempting from Four-axis milling, detection efficiency is high, and accuracy of detection is high, be advantageous to improve Four-axis milling efficiency and
Machining accuracy.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the range unit stereogram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the range unit front view of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the range unit left view of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the state diagram that range unit of the present invention measures to calibrated bolck；
Fig. 5 is the state diagram that measurement apparatus of the present invention measures to the 4th axle.
Embodiment
Embodiment：A kind of 4th axis center bulb height testing tool, including detection platform 1, calibrated bolck 2 and range unit 3, the standard
Block 2, which can position, to be positioned on the surface of detection platform 1, and the rear surface of calibrated bolck 2 is close to the horizontal plane of the upside of detection platform 1,
Range unit 3 can the upper end face of examination criteria block 2 to the horizontal plane of the upside of detection platform 1 distance and the 4th axle base 4
Distance of the horizontal plane of 4th axle axis side to 5 cylindrical peak of flange disk backwards.
Detection is carried out to the height of calibrated bolck 2 in detection platform 1 by range unit 3 and obtains standard value, by the standard value
After zero, then the distance to the bottom surface of the 4th axle base 4 to 5 cylindrical peak of the 4th shaft flange disk, the difference of the two distances
As the 4th axis center is higher than the difference of standard value, and the device can be carried out when being detected during Four-axis milling
Detection, without being dismantled to the 4th axle, quick detection is realized, and accuracy of detection is high, directly displays the difference with standard value,
Facilitate worker to be processed according to difference, calculated again without worker, improve machining accuracy and processing efficiency.
Mounting bracket is additionally provided with, the mounting bracket is provided with a horizontal location face, and the horizontal location face can be close to mark
Transverse plane on quasi- block 2, be close to realize ranging localization with transverse plane on calibrated bolck 2 by horizontal location face, can also be in addition by
Mounting bracket is fixed on measuring table, by adjusting mounting bracket height, makes assigned scale value and the standard in mounting bracket
Alignment of block 2, etc..
The mounting bracket is the L-shaped structure being made up of orthogonal horizontal arm 6 and vertical arm 7, and range unit 3 is fixed
It is installed in vertical arm 7, is adjacent to respectively in both direction and calibrated bolck 2 by vertical horizontal arm 6 and vertical arm 7, realizes two
The positioning in individual direction, it is ensured that positioning precision, ensure that the range measurement of range unit 3 is accurate.
The range unit 3 is grating scale or other range units 3, such as laser range finder.
3 ° -5 ° of angle, and the grating scale lower end in the measuring state of calibrated bolck 2 with vertical direction be present in the grating scale
Relative to upper end closer to calibrated bolck 2, pass through the inclination of optical grating ruler measurement bar so that grating scale is when the 4th axis center of measurement is high
Measurement bar accurately contacts 5 cylindrical peak of the 4th shaft flange disk.
The vertical arm 7 is provided with the mounting groove 8 of a upper end and one side opening, and the downside of mounting groove 8 is provided with one
Perforation 9, the main body of the grating scale be able to be placed in mounting groove 8, and the measurement bar of grating scale is passed through on the downside of mounting groove 8
Perforation 9, realize the positioning of grating scale main body by mounting groove 8, then the positioning of optical grating ruler measurement bar is realized by perforation 9, enter
And the positioning of whole grating scale is realized, can also be to be positioned by connectors such as bolts or carried out by clamping jaw in addition
Clamping and positioning.
Be additionally provided with a regulating block 10 and regulation drive device, the regulating block 10 can along the horizontal plane on towards the side of calibrated bolck 2
To the lower end of vertical arm 7 is slidingly positioned in, regulating block 10 is provided with can be for the jack that optical grating ruler measurement bar is worn, the jack and peace
Perforated on the downside of tankage 89 position faces, and 9 diameters of the perforation are more than optical grating ruler measurement bar external diameter, the regulation driving fills
Put and be installed in mounting bracket, regulation drive device driving regulating block 10 is moved, and grating scale can be adjusted by the adjusting means
Measurement bar in the angle of inclination of vertical direction, adapt to the measurement of the step surface of any horizontal direction distance difference.
The regulation drive device is bolt, and bolt can be rotated with the circumferencial direction of vertical arm 7 and the connection of axial retention,
Bolt is spirally connected with regulating block 10, and the driving of regulating block 10 is realized by swivel bolt, can also be cylinder, push rod etc. in addition.
Display screen 11 is additionally provided with, the display screen 11 can show the distance values that range unit 3 measures, pass through display screen
11 clearly show that measurement result, are easy to identify, can also be that the mode of dial plate shows measurement result in addition.
A kind of 4th axis center high detection method, comprises the following steps：
Step 1：Calibrated bolck 2 will be positioned in detection platform 1；
Step 2：The mounting bracket horizontal arm 6 for being provided with grating scale is placed on calibrated bolck 2 on transverse plane, makes mounting bracket
The horizontal location face of the downside of horizontal arm 6 is close on the horizontal plane of the upper end of calibrated bolck 2；
Step 3：The measurement bar ends contact detection platform 1 of grating scale obtains the height distance of calibrated bolck 2, then to grating
Chi is zeroed；
Step 4：Mounting bracket is removed from calibrated bolck 2 together with grating scale, the horizontal arm 6 of mounting bracket is placed on
Four axle bases 4 keep the horizontal location face of the downside of mounting bracket horizontal arm 6 tight on the horizontal plane of the 4th axle axis side
It is attached on the horizontal plane；
Step 5：The 5 cylindrical peak of the 4th shaft flange disk of measurement bar ends contact of grating scale carries out ranging, and by showing
Showing device shows that measurement result is and the deviation of standard figures, worker carry out cylindrical grinding, the 4th axle according to the amount of deflection
The peripheral milling of flange disk 5 can be detected under loading condition, without the axle of repeated disassembled and assembled the 4th, it is ensured that machining accuracy, carry
High processing efficiency.
Claims (10)
- A kind of 1. 4th axis center bulb height testing tool, it is characterised in that：Including detection platform (1), calibrated bolck (2) and range unit (3), The calibrated bolck, which can position, to be positioned on detection platform surface, and calibrated bolck rear surface is close to the level on the upside of detection platform Face, the distance and the 4th axle base of the horizontal plane that range unit can be on the upside of examination criteria block upper end face to detection platform (4) backwards to the 4th axle axis side horizontal plane to flange disk (5) cylindrical peak distance.
- 2. the 4th axis center bulb height testing tool according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is additionally provided with mounting bracket, the installation Support is provided with a horizontal location face, and the horizontal location face can be close to transverse plane on calibrated bolck.
- 3. the 4th axis center bulb height testing tool according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The mounting bracket is by being mutually perpendicular to Horizontal arm (6) and vertical arm (7) composition L-shaped structure, range unit is fixedly installed in vertical arm.
- 4. the 4th axis center bulb height testing tool according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：The range unit is grating scale.
- 5. the 4th axis center bulb height testing tool according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：The grating scale exists with vertical direction 3 ° -5 ° of angle, and the grating scale lower end in calibrated bolck measuring state relative to upper end closer to calibrated bolck.
- 6. the 4th axis center bulb height testing tool according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：The vertical arm be provided with a upper end and The mounting groove (8) of one side opening, the mounting groove downside are provided with a perforation (9), and the main body of the grating scale be able to be held It is placed in mounting groove, the measurement bar of grating scale passes through the perforation on mounting groove downside.
- 7. the 4th axis center bulb height testing tool according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：It is additionally provided with a regulating block (10) and regulation Drive device, the regulating block can along the horizontal plane on towards standard Block direction be slidingly positioned in vertical arm lower end, set on regulating block Having can be for the jack that optical grating ruler measurement bar is worn, the jack and punch position face on mounting groove downside, and the perforation Diameter is more than optical grating ruler measurement bar external diameter, and the regulation drive device is installed in mounting bracket, and regulation drive device driving is adjusted Locking nub is moved.
- 8. the 4th axis center bulb height testing tool according to claim 7, it is characterised in that：The regulation drive device is bolt, Bolt can be rotated with vertical arm circumferencial direction and the connection of axial retention, bolt are spirally connected with regulating block.
- 9. the 4th axis center bulb height testing tool according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Display screen (11) is additionally provided with, it is described aobvious Display screen can show the distance values of range unit measurement.
- A kind of 10. 4th axis center high detection method, it is characterised in that：Comprise the following steps：Step 1：Calibrated bolck will be positioned in detection platform；Step 2：The mounting bracket horizontal arm for being provided with grating scale is placed on calibrated bolck on transverse plane, makes mounting bracket horizontal arm The horizontal location face of downside is close on the horizontal plane of calibrated bolck upper end；Step 3：The measurement bar ends contact detection platform of grating scale obtains calibrated bolck height distance, and then grating scale is carried out Zero；Step 4：Mounting bracket is removed from calibrated bolck together with grating scale, the horizontal arm of mounting bracket is placed on the 4th axle bottom Seat keeps the horizontal location face on the downside of mounting bracket horizontal arm to be close to the water on the horizontal plane of the 4th axle axis side In plane；Step 5：The cylindrical peak of the shaft flange disk of measurement bar ends contact the 4th of grating scale carries out ranging, and is filled by display Put display measurement result be and standard figures deviation.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710803880.XA CN107621232B (en) | 2017-09-08 | 2017-09-08 | Fourth shaft center height detection tool and fourth shaft center height detection method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710803880.XA CN107621232B (en) | 2017-09-08 | 2017-09-08 | Fourth shaft center height detection tool and fourth shaft center height detection method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN107621232A true CN107621232A (en) | 2018-01-23 |
| CN107621232B CN107621232B (en) | 2024-03-19 |
Family
ID=61089332
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710803880.XA Active CN107621232B (en) | 2017-09-08 | 2017-09-08 | Fourth shaft center height detection tool and fourth shaft center height detection method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN107621232B (en) |
Citations (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101598525A (en) * | 2008-06-02 | 2009-12-09 | 力帆实业(集团)股份有限公司 | A kind of measuring method of automobile engine bearing |
| CN201622081U (en) * | 2010-02-13 | 2010-11-03 | 邵东波 | Dial test indicator transmission device |
| CN102944157A (en) * | 2012-10-18 | 2013-02-27 | 宁波金海电子有限公司 | Magnetic gap detection device for electromagnetic relay and detection method of same |
| CN103604344A (en) * | 2013-11-22 | 2014-02-26 | 云南云铝涌鑫铝业有限公司 | Furnace upper thickness measuring device of electrolytic bath |
| CN104197876A (en) * | 2014-08-26 | 2014-12-10 | 北京海普瑞森科技发展有限公司 | Contact type air flotation measuring head |
| CN104375255A (en) * | 2014-11-27 | 2015-02-25 | 中国航空工业集团公司洛阳电光设备研究所 | Installation and adjustment method for non-coaxial optical system on thin-wall part |
| CN204831096U (en) * | 2015-06-25 | 2015-12-02 | 丹东丰能工业股份有限公司 | Universal detection device of large -scale accurate machine part |
| CN205090942U (en) * | 2015-10-13 | 2016-03-16 | 中建八局第一建设有限公司 | Space measuring device is pour to cast -in -place roof beam |
| CN106352765A (en) * | 2016-10-11 | 2017-01-25 | 重庆望江工业有限公司 | Measuring tool and method for top surface length of component with end surface with inclined surface |
| CN206160878U (en) * | 2016-11-04 | 2017-05-10 | 北京博维恒信科技发展有限公司 | Measuring device |
| CN106989661A (en) * | 2017-03-10 | 2017-07-28 | 天津大学 | A kind of method for testing lathe hydrostatic slideway surface shape error |
| CN207189321U (en) * | 2017-09-08 | 2018-04-06 | 昆山冠品优精密机械有限公司 | 4th axis center bulb height testing tool |
-
2017
- 2017-09-08 CN CN201710803880.XA patent/CN107621232B/en active Active
Patent Citations (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101598525A (en) * | 2008-06-02 | 2009-12-09 | 力帆实业(集团)股份有限公司 | A kind of measuring method of automobile engine bearing |
| CN201622081U (en) * | 2010-02-13 | 2010-11-03 | 邵东波 | Dial test indicator transmission device |
| CN102944157A (en) * | 2012-10-18 | 2013-02-27 | 宁波金海电子有限公司 | Magnetic gap detection device for electromagnetic relay and detection method of same |
| CN103604344A (en) * | 2013-11-22 | 2014-02-26 | 云南云铝涌鑫铝业有限公司 | Furnace upper thickness measuring device of electrolytic bath |
| CN104197876A (en) * | 2014-08-26 | 2014-12-10 | 北京海普瑞森科技发展有限公司 | Contact type air flotation measuring head |
| CN104375255A (en) * | 2014-11-27 | 2015-02-25 | 中国航空工业集团公司洛阳电光设备研究所 | Installation and adjustment method for non-coaxial optical system on thin-wall part |
| CN204831096U (en) * | 2015-06-25 | 2015-12-02 | 丹东丰能工业股份有限公司 | Universal detection device of large -scale accurate machine part |
| CN205090942U (en) * | 2015-10-13 | 2016-03-16 | 中建八局第一建设有限公司 | Space measuring device is pour to cast -in -place roof beam |
| CN106352765A (en) * | 2016-10-11 | 2017-01-25 | 重庆望江工业有限公司 | Measuring tool and method for top surface length of component with end surface with inclined surface |
| CN206160878U (en) * | 2016-11-04 | 2017-05-10 | 北京博维恒信科技发展有限公司 | Measuring device |
| CN106989661A (en) * | 2017-03-10 | 2017-07-28 | 天津大学 | A kind of method for testing lathe hydrostatic slideway surface shape error |
| CN207189321U (en) * | 2017-09-08 | 2018-04-06 | 昆山冠品优精密机械有限公司 | 4th axis center bulb height testing tool |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN107621232B (en) | 2024-03-19 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN113916087B (en) | Positioning measurement tool and positioning measurement method for ship equipment base | |
| CN204100955U (en) | A kind of multi-usage height gauge | |
| CN107014302B (en) | A kind of scaling method of train wheel wheelboss inner hole diameter laser measurement sensor position | |
| US10656249B1 (en) | Pipe ovality and pit depth measuring and analyzing device | |
| CN108680124A (en) | Form tolerance Photoelectric Detection robot and detection method | |
| CN107309281B (en) | Device and method for detecting center point of target plate of rolling production line | |
| CN108592851B (en) | Workpiece symmetry detection tool and detection method | |
| CN210388584U (en) | Parallel calibration device of grinding machine | |
| CN206160911U (en) | Measurement device for be used for part centre bore degree of depth | |
| CN114380198B (en) | Positioning device and using method thereof | |
| CN207189321U (en) | 4th axis center bulb height testing tool | |
| CN107462186A (en) | 4th axle arrangement for measuring verticality and the 4th shaft flange end face squareness detection method | |
| CN212779065U (en) | Device for detecting verticality of rod piece on bolt ball | |
| CN218566643U (en) | Ultrasonic wave level gauge calibrating device | |
| CN107621232A (en) | 4th axis center bulb height testing tool and the 4th axis center high detection method | |
| CN203704845U (en) | Universal joint outer star wheel fairway 120 degree indexing difference measuring tool | |
| CN107504880B (en) | Measuring tool for measuring tapered roller bearing inner ring flange width | |
| CN206618368U (en) | A kind of roundness measuring device | |
| CN216898709U (en) | High-precision straightness detection tool | |
| CN213090669U (en) | Device for measuring verticality between piston pin hole axis and inner gear surface | |
| CN214408478U (en) | Bending sample angle measuring device | |
| CN210981119U (en) | Parallel roundness measuring instrument | |
| CN210570313U (en) | Differential mechanism planetary gear processing is with back of body awl measuring tool | |
| CN210558756U (en) | Upper lofting tool and elevator guide rail lofting inspection tool | |
| CN209689627U (en) | A kind of SMR target ball measurement centering rod that can adjust height in real time |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |