CN107618324A - A kind of combined hydraulic crawler excavator walking switching mechanism - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of combined hydraulic crawler excavator walking switching mechanism, including hydraulic system and mechanical structure；The mechanical structure includes being arranged on the preceding walking switching mechanism on front side of chassis of dredging machine lower section and the rear walking switching mechanism installed in chassis of dredging machine lower section rear side, and switching mechanism of being walked before described is identical with the structure of the rear switching mechanism of walking and is symmetrical arranged；Also include vehicle lowering or hoisting gear hydraulic cylinder, its upper end is fixedly connected with chassis of dredging machine, and lower end is connected to knuckle-tooth wheel disc, and knuckle-tooth wheel disc coordinates with square chassis below；The hydraulic system includes mailbox, hydraulic pump, vehicle slewing equipment, vehicle lowering or hoisting gear and track steel wheel draw off gear.The present invention can rely on the walking switching mechanism of itself to complete the action of upper rail in the case where not damaging rail, then from highway pattern switching to railroad mode, and need not be by special level crossing, or artificially separately lay railway ballast.

Description

A road-rail dual-purpose hydraulic excavator travel conversion mechanism

technical field

The invention relates to a traveling mechanism of a track and road dual-purpose vehicle, in particular to a traveling conversion mechanism of a road-rail dual-purpose hydraulic excavator.

Background technique

my country's railway mileage ranks first in the world, and the high-speed railway mileage ranks first in the world. With the advancement of urbanization, more and more cities have begun to build subways. The railway system needs to undertake heavy passenger and freight transportation tasks, so track cleaning and maintenance along the line are particularly important. Excavators are widely used in various industries of national economic construction and play an irreplaceable role in engineering construction. The traveling mechanism of traditional hydraulic excavators is crawler-type or wheel-type, and most of them work under normal road conditions. When performing railway maintenance, they are usually pulled by tractors to a designated location and unloaded for operation. Existing road-rail dual-purpose hydraulic excavators need to complete the conversion of the road-railway mode after laying ballast on the level crossing or on the railway. The former method requires a specific site, and the latter will cause damage to the rails.

According to the search, there are currently existing road-rail dual-purpose vehicle running mechanism conversion systems, such as the Chinese patent application with publication number CN103332081B, which discloses a road-rail dual-purpose tractor, including a guide device, a traction device, and a braking device. It is characterized in that, It also includes a vertical upper and lower rail device. The vertical upper and lower rail device includes a base, a rotating support base and multiple sets of lifting drive mechanisms. The base and the rotating support base are connected by a rotary support mechanism. The lower ends of the base are respectively set There is a positioning platform matched with the two rails; each set of the lifting drive mechanism is composed of an outer column, an inner column and a lifting oil cylinder, and the outer column is sleeved outside the inner column. Another example is that the Chinese patent application whose publication number is CN102963227A discloses a kind of road-rail dual-purpose excavator railway wheel train lifting and driving device, including: a vehicle frame and a pushing blade, the front of the vehicle frame is hinged with a pushing blade, and the pushing blade is A pair of driven wheels are installed at the back of the shovel, and a front hydraulic cylinder is hinged between the rear middle part of the push shovel and the front end of the vehicle frame, and the hydraulic cylinder drives the push shovel to lift the driven wheels; the rear of the vehicle frame is hinged with a driving wheel bracket , a pair of driving wheels are installed on the driving wheel bracket, and a rear hydraulic cylinder is hinged between the rear middle part of the driving wheel bracket and the rear end of the vehicle frame, and the driving wheel bracket is driven by the rear hydraulic cylinder to lift the driving wheel. motor drive.

There are deficiencies in the above two technical schemes of the traveling mechanism conversion device of the road-rail vehicle. The first technical scheme needs to allow the road-rail vehicle to drive to the level crossing to complete the road-railway mode conversion. The second technical solution is to make ordinary crawler excavators run along the railway by hinged railway wheel trains that can be driven up and down through the hydraulic system at the front and rear of the existing crawler excavator frame. specific site.

Contents of the invention

The invention provides a traveling switching mechanism for a road-rail dual-purpose hydraulic excavator, which is used to realize the traveling switching of the hydraulic excavator on roads and railways.

In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:

A walking conversion mechanism for a road-rail dual-purpose hydraulic excavator, including a mechanical structure and a hydraulic system;

The mechanical structure includes a front travel conversion mechanism installed on the lower front side of the excavator chassis and a rear travel conversion mechanism installed on the lower rear side of the excavator chassis; the front travel conversion mechanism includes a wheel shaft, and the left and right ends of the wheel shaft are respectively connected with a track steel wheel;

A folding support device is provided on the inner wheel shaft of the rail steel wheel on the left side of the front walking conversion mechanism; the folding support device includes a first connecting piece and a second connecting piece, and after the first connecting piece is matched with the second connecting piece, Connected to the axle on the inner side of the left track steel wheel, the top of the second connecting piece is fixedly connected to the bottom of the connecting rod, the top of the connecting rod is hinged to the third connecting piece, and the third connecting piece is fixedly connected to the chassis of the excavator; It also includes a hydraulic cylinder for retracting and retracting rail steel wheels arranged at an inclination, the cylinder barrel at the top of which is hinged to the chassis of the excavator, and the piston rod at the bottom is hinged to the side of the connecting rod;

The same folding support device as on the left side is provided on the wheel shaft inside the rail steel wheel on the right side of the front walking conversion mechanism;

The structures of the rear travel conversion mechanism and the front travel conversion mechanism are identical and arranged symmetrically;

It also includes the lifting hydraulic cylinder of the whole vehicle, whose upper end is fixedly connected with the excavator chassis, and the lower end is connected with the circular gear plate, which cooperates with the square chassis below; The inner ring gear of the gear meshes with the outer ring gear of the circular gear plate, thereby driving the excavator to rotate clockwise or counterclockwise;

The hydraulic system includes a fuel tank, a hydraulic pump, a vehicle slewing device, a vehicle lifting device and a rail steel wheel retracting device; the hydraulic pump is connected to the motor, the oil inlet of the filter is connected to the fuel tank, and the oil outlet of the filter is connected to the To the oil inlet of the hydraulic pump, the oil outlet of the hydraulic pump is connected to the vehicle slewing device, the vehicle lifting device, the track steel wheel retracting device and the oil inlet of the third relief valve, and the third relief valve The oil outlet is connected to the oil tank.

According to the above solution, the vehicle slewing device includes a reducer, a hydraulic motor, a hydraulic control locking device, a first check valve, a second check valve, a first relief valve, a second relief valve and the first three four-position electromagnetic reversing valve; the oil outlet of the hydraulic pump is connected to the first oil port of the first three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve, and the third oil port of the first three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve is connected to the The oil inlet of the first overflow valve, the oil outlet of the first one-way valve and the oil inlet of the hydraulic motor; the oil outlet of the hydraulic motor is connected to the oil outlet of the second one-way valve, the second overflow The oil inlet of the valve and the fourth oil port of the first three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve; the hydraulic motor is connected with the reducer through the hydraulic control locking device; the oil inlet of the first one-way valve, the second one-way valve The oil inlet of the oil inlet, the oil outlet of the first overflow valve and the oil outlet of the second overflow valve are connected together and connected to the oil inlet of the filter at the same time, and the oil outlet of the filter is connected to the oil tank.

According to the above solution, the vehicle lifting device includes a first hydraulic cylinder group, a second hydraulic cylinder group and a two-position two-way electromagnetic reversing valve; the first hydraulic cylinder group includes a first hydraulic cylinder, a second hydraulic cylinder, a first The accumulator, the second three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve and the first throttle valve; the second hydraulic cylinder group includes the third hydraulic cylinder, the fourth hydraulic cylinder, the second accumulator, the third three-position four-way electromagnetic The reversing valve and the second throttle valve; the oil outlet of the hydraulic pump is connected to the first oil port of the second three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve and the second oil port of the third three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve at the same time ; The third oil port of the second three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve is simultaneously connected to the first oil port of the first hydraulic cylinder, the first oil port of the second hydraulic cylinder, the oil inlet of the first accumulator and the two The oil inlet port of the two-position two-way electromagnetic reversing valve, the second oil port of the first hydraulic cylinder and the second oil port of the second hydraulic cylinder are connected together and connected to the first three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve Four oil ports, the second oil port of the second three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve is connected to the oil inlet of the first throttle valve; the fourth oil port of the third three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve is simultaneously connected to the first throttle valve The first oil port of the third hydraulic cylinder, the first oil port of the fourth hydraulic cylinder, the oil inlet of the second accumulator and the oil outlet of the two-position two-way electromagnetic reversing valve, the second oil port of the third hydraulic cylinder The port and the second oil port of the fourth hydraulic cylinder are connected together and connected to the third oil port of the third three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve, and the first oil port of the third three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve is connected to The oil inlet port of the second throttle valve; the oil outlet port of the second throttle valve and the oil outlet port of the first throttle valve are connected together and connected to the oil inlet port of the filter, and the oil outlet port of the filter is connected to tank.

As a further solution of the above solution, the vehicle lifting hydraulic cylinder includes a first hydraulic cylinder, a second hydraulic cylinder, a third hydraulic cylinder and a fourth hydraulic cylinder.

According to the above scheme, the rail steel wheel retracting device includes a third hydraulic cylinder group, a fourth hydraulic cylinder group and a third throttle valve; the third hydraulic cylinder group includes a fifth hydraulic cylinder, a sixth hydraulic cylinder, an accumulator and the fourth three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve, the fourth hydraulic cylinder group includes the seventh hydraulic cylinder, the eighth hydraulic cylinder, the fourth accumulator and the fifth three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve; the oil outlet of the hydraulic pump The port is connected to the first oil port of the fourth three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve and the third oil port of the fifth three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve; the third oil port of the fourth three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve port is simultaneously connected to the first oil port of the fifth hydraulic cylinder, the first oil port of the sixth hydraulic cylinder and the oil inlet port of the third accumulator, the second oil port of the fifth hydraulic cylinder and the first oil port of the sixth hydraulic cylinder The two oil ports are connected together and connected to the fourth oil port of the fourth three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve; the first oil port of the fifth three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve is also connected to the first oil port of the seventh hydraulic cylinder The oil port, the first oil port of the eighth hydraulic cylinder and the oil inlet port of the fourth accumulator, the second oil port of the seventh hydraulic cylinder and the second oil port of the eighth hydraulic cylinder are connected together and connected to the fifth The second oil port of the three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve; the fourth oil port of the fifth three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve and the second oil port of the fourth three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve are connected together and connected To the oil inlet port of the third throttle valve, the oil outlet port of the third throttle valve is connected to the fuel tank.

As a further solution of the above solution, the rail steel wheel retracting hydraulic cylinder refers to the fifth hydraulic cylinder or the sixth hydraulic cylinder or the seventh hydraulic cylinder or the eighth hydraulic cylinder.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention is that it can complete the action of upper rail with its own walking conversion mechanism without damaging the rail, and then switch from the road mode to the railway mode without the need for a special platform. At crossings, or artificially lay ballast separately. After the walking conversion mechanism is added, the running mechanism of the ordinary excavator can be converted, and after conversion, it can run along the railway, and can be widely used in railway line repair, new line erection, and cable trench construction on both sides of the railway.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the connection relation schematic diagram of hydraulic system among the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of mechanical structure among the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the cross-sectional schematic view when the front travel conversion mechanism and the rear travel conversion mechanism are connected with the chassis of the excavator in the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the front walking conversion mechanism in the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of the vehicle slewing device and the vehicle lifting device connected to the chassis of the excavator in the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a top structural schematic diagram of the vehicle turning device and the vehicle lifting device in the present invention.

detailed description

The specific implementation of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The interpretation of each label in the figure is: 1-vehicle slewing device, 2-reducer, 3-hydraulic motor, 4-hydraulic control locking device, 5-the first One-way valve, 6-second one-way valve, 7-first relief valve, 8-second relief valve, 9-first three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve, 10-oil tank, 11-filter , 12- vehicle lifting device, 13- the first hydraulic cylinder group, 14- the second hydraulic cylinder group, 15- the first hydraulic cylinder, 16- the second hydraulic cylinder, 17- the third hydraulic cylinder, 18- the fourth hydraulic cylinder Cylinder, 19-first accumulator, 20-second accumulator, 21-second three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve, 22-third three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve, 23-first throttling Valve, 24-second throttle valve, 25-two-position two-way electromagnetic reversing valve, 26-track steel wheel retracting device, 27-third hydraulic cylinder group, 28-fifth hydraulic cylinder, 29-sixth hydraulic pressure Cylinder, 30-the third accumulator, 31-the fourth three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve, 32-the third throttle valve, 33-the fifth three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve, 34-the fourth energy storage Device, 35-fourth hydraulic cylinder group, 36-seventh hydraulic cylinder, 37-eighth hydraulic cylinder, 38-third relief valve, 39-hydraulic pump, 40-motor;

41-Excavator chassis, 42-Track steel wheel, 43-Axle, 44-First pin, 45-Second pin, 46-Bolt, 47-First connector, 48-Second connector, 49- Connecting rods, 50-track steel wheel retractable hydraulic cylinder, 51-vehicle lifting hydraulic cylinder, 52-circular gear plate, 53-square chassis, 54-the third connecting piece, 55-the third pin shaft.

A hydraulic system of a travel conversion mechanism for a road-rail dual-purpose hydraulic excavator, including a vehicle slewing device 1, a vehicle lifting device 12, a rail steel wheel retracting device 26, a fuel tank 10, a filter 11, a hydraulic pump 39, and a motor 40 And the third relief valve 38.

The motor 40 is connected to the hydraulic pump 39; the oil inlet of the filter 11 is connected to the oil tank 10, the oil outlet of the filter 11 is connected to the oil inlet of the hydraulic pump 39, and the oil outlet of the hydraulic pump 39 is connected to the third overflow The oil inlet port of flow valve 38, the first oil port of the first three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve 9, the first oil port of the second three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve 21, the third three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve The second oil port of the directional valve 22, the first oil port of the fourth three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve 31 and the third oil port of the fifth three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve 33, the third oil relief valve 38 The oil outlet is connected to the oil tank 10 .

The vehicle slewing device 1 includes a reducer 2, a hydraulic motor 3, a hydraulic control locking device 4, a first one-way valve 5, a second one-way valve 6, a first relief valve 7, a second relief valve 8, a first A three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve 9, an oil tank 10 and a filter 11. The third oil port of the first three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve 9 is connected to the oil inlet of the first overflow valve 7, the oil outlet of the first check valve 5 and the oil inlet of the hydraulic motor 3 at the same time. The oil outlet of the motor 3 is simultaneously connected to the oil outlet of the second one-way valve 6, the oil inlet of the second relief valve 8 and the fourth oil port of the first three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve 9; the hydraulic motor 3 is connected to the reducer 2 through the hydraulic control locking device 4; the oil inlet of the first one-way valve 5, the oil inlet of the second one-way valve 6, the oil outlet of the first overflow valve 7 and the second overflow The oil outlets of flow valve 8 are connected together and simultaneously connected to the oil inlet of filter 11 , and the oil outlet of filter 11 is connected to oil tank 10 .

The vehicle lifting device 12 includes a first hydraulic cylinder group 13 , a second hydraulic cylinder group 14 , a two-position two-way electromagnetic reversing valve 25 , an oil tank 10 and a filter 11 . The first hydraulic cylinder group 13 includes the first hydraulic cylinder 15, the second hydraulic cylinder 16, the first accumulator 19, the second three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve 21 and the first throttle valve 23; the second hydraulic cylinder group 14 includes a third hydraulic cylinder 17 , a fourth hydraulic cylinder 18 , a second accumulator 20 , a third three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve 22 and a second throttle valve 24 . The third oil port of the second three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve 21 is simultaneously connected to the first oil port of the first hydraulic cylinder 15, the first oil port of the second hydraulic cylinder 16, and the oil inlet of the first accumulator 19. Port and the oil inlet port of the two-position two-way electromagnetic reversing valve 25, the second oil port of the first hydraulic cylinder 15 and the second oil port of the second hydraulic cylinder 16 are connected together and connected to the second three-position four-way solenoid The fourth oil port of the reversing valve 21 and the second oil port of the second three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve 21 are connected to the oil inlet port of the first throttle valve 23 . The fourth oil port of the third three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve 22 is simultaneously connected to the first oil port of the third hydraulic cylinder 17, the first oil port of the fourth hydraulic cylinder 18, and the oil inlet of the second accumulator 20. port and the oil outlet of the two-position two-way electromagnetic reversing valve 25, the second oil port of the third hydraulic cylinder 17 and the second oil port of the fourth hydraulic cylinder 18 are connected together and connected to the third three-position four-way solenoid The third oil port of the reversing valve 22, the first oil port of the third three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve 22 is connected to the oil inlet of the second throttle valve 24; the oil outlet of the second throttle valve 24 and The oil outlets of the first throttle valve 23 are connected together and connected to the oil inlet of the filter 11 , and the oil outlet of the filter 11 is connected to the oil tank 10 .

The rail steel wheel retracting device 26 includes a third hydraulic cylinder group 27 , a fourth hydraulic cylinder group 35 , a third throttle valve 32 and an oil tank 10 . The third hydraulic cylinder group 27 includes the fifth hydraulic cylinder 28, the sixth hydraulic cylinder 29, the accumulator 30 and the fourth three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve 31; the fourth hydraulic cylinder group 35 includes the seventh hydraulic cylinder 36, the sixth hydraulic cylinder Eight hydraulic cylinders 37, the fourth accumulator 34 and the fifth three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve 33. The third oil port of the fourth three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve 31 is simultaneously connected to the first oil port of the fifth hydraulic cylinder 28, the first oil port of the sixth hydraulic cylinder 29 and the oil inlet of the third accumulator 30. port, the second oil port of the fifth hydraulic cylinder 28 and the second oil port of the sixth hydraulic cylinder 29 are connected together and connected to the fourth oil port of the fourth three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve 31 . The first oil port of the fifth three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve 33 is simultaneously connected to the first oil port of the seventh hydraulic cylinder 36, the first oil port of the eighth hydraulic cylinder 37 and the oil inlet of the fourth accumulator 34. port, the second oil port of the seventh hydraulic cylinder 36 and the second oil port of the eighth hydraulic cylinder 37 are connected together and connected to the second oil port of the fifth three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve 33; the fifth three-position The fourth oil port of the four-way electromagnetic reversing valve 33 and the second oil port of the fourth three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve 31 are connected together and connected to the oil inlet of the third throttle valve 32, and the third throttle An oil outlet of the valve 32 is connected to the oil tank 10 .

The working principle of the hydraulic system is:

The excavator runs normally on the road with its crawlers in contact with the road surface; when it travels near the rail and needs to switch the traveling mechanism, the head of the excavator is adjusted to the direction perpendicular to the rail, and the bucket arm extends to the outer side of the far-end rail to support the excavator. At the same time, drive forward an appropriate distance to adjust the required angle and position of the excavator to the upper rail. Then the piston rods of the first hydraulic cylinder 15, the second hydraulic cylinder 16, the third hydraulic cylinder 17 and the fourth hydraulic cylinder 18 in the vehicle lifting device 12 stretch out until they contact the ground. Play a supporting role again. Adjust the working position of the second three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve 21 so that the piston rods of the first hydraulic cylinder 15 and the second hydraulic cylinder 16 in the first hydraulic cylinder group 13 close to the headstock part are retracted to an appropriate length, in the same way Adjust the extension length of the piston rods of the third hydraulic cylinder 17 and the fourth hydraulic cylinder 18 in the second hydraulic cylinder group 14 to level the body of the excavator. After leveling, the second three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve 21 and the third three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve 22 in the vehicle lifting device 12 are placed in the middle position (the middle position adopts O type to achieve the purpose of rapid positioning) , the two-position two-way electromagnetic reversing valve 25 conducts, so that the rodless chamber pressures of the first hydraulic cylinder 15, the second hydraulic cylinder 16, the third hydraulic cylinder 17 and the fourth hydraulic cylinder 18 are equal, and the first accumulator 19 And the second accumulator 20 is used for maintaining the pressure, so as to prevent the vehicle tilt from affecting the normal operation of the vehicle slewing device 1 due to oil leakage and other reasons, or even rollover. The first throttle valve 23 and the second throttle valve 24 in the vehicle lifting device 12 play a role of speed regulation, and control the piston in the vehicle lifting device 12 to maintain a slow speed when extending and retracting.

After the vehicle lifting device 12 completes the action, the first three-position three-way electromagnetic reversing valve 9 in the vehicle slewing device 1 is switched to the left position (or right position), so that the excavator vehicle rotates clockwise (or counterclockwise) , the position of the headstock of the excavator is adjusted so that the rail steel wheel 42 can be fitted with the upper end surface of the rail after the rail steel wheel 42 is put down. The first one-way valve 5 and the second one-way valve 6 in the vehicle slewing device 1 play the function of replenishing oil. When the supply of oil at the oil inlet of the hydraulic motor 3 is insufficient and a short vacuum is formed, the oil in the oil tank 10 passes through. The first one-way valve 5 or the second one-way valve 6 supplies oil to the hydraulic motor 3 . The first overflow valve 7 and the second overflow valve 8 play the role of anti-reversal, if there is no first overflow valve 7 and second overflow valve 8, when the first three-position three-way electromagnetic reversing valve 9 is switched to the neutral position , when the hydraulic pump 39 no longer supplies oil to the hydraulic motor 3, the blades of the hydraulic motor will still rotate in the original direction due to inertia, causing the pressure at the oil inlet to be lower than the oil outlet, thereby causing the hydraulic motor 3 to reverse. Here, the first relief valve 7 and the second relief valve 8 can make the first three-position three-way electromagnetic reversing valve 9 switch to the neutral position, and the pressure of the oil inlet and the oil outlet of the hydraulic motor 3 quickly reaches Consistent, to achieve the anti-reversal function, so as not to stop the vehicle body shaking back and forth after the oil supply to the hydraulic motor 3 is stopped, resulting in instability and large alignment deviation. The vehicle slewing device 1 is designed with a hydraulic control locking device 4. When the hydraulic pump 39 supplies oil to the hydraulic motor 3, the hydraulic control locking device 4 is released, and the hydraulic motor 3 can rotate. When the oil supply is stopped, the hydraulic control locking device 4 Locking, the hydraulic motor 3 cannot rotate, preventing the hydraulic motor 3 from rotating under the influence of external forces such as the body's own gravity or wind, so as to ensure the safety of work.

After the vehicle slewing device 1 completes the action, the fourth three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve 31 and the fifth three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve 33 in the rail steel wheel retracting device 26 are switched to the left position, and the fifth hydraulic cylinder 28. The piston rods of the sixth hydraulic cylinder 29, the seventh hydraulic cylinder 36 and the eighth hydraulic cylinder 37 are stretched out, and the rail steel wheel 42 is put down to fit the upper surface of the rail head, and then the fourth, third, and four-way electromagnetic commutation The valve 31 and the fifth three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve 33 are switched back to the neutral position, and the pressure is maintained by the third accumulator 30 and the fourth accumulator 34, so that the rail steel wheel 42 maintains its position. Wherein the rodless chamber of the fifth hydraulic cylinder 28 communicates with the rodless chamber of the sixth hydraulic cylinder 29, and the rod chamber communicates with the rod chamber; the rodless chamber of the seventh hydraulic cylinder 36 communicates with the rodless chamber of the eighth hydraulic cylinder 37 Connected, the rod cavity communicates with the rod cavity, so that the two hydraulic cylinders in the same hydraulic cylinder group can keep synchronous expansion and contraction; when the third accumulator 30 and the fourth accumulator 34 maintain pressure, the fifth hydraulic cylinder 28 and the sixth hydraulic cylinder 29 have the same pressure in the rodless cavity, and the seventh hydraulic cylinder 36 and the eighth hydraulic cylinder 37 have the same pressure in the rodless cavity.

After the track steel wheel 42 is put down and locked, adjust the second three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve 21 and the third three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve 22 in the vehicle lifting device 12 to connect the first hydraulic cylinder 15, the second The piston rods of the hydraulic cylinder 16, the third hydraulic cylinder 17 and the fourth hydraulic cylinder 18 are retracted.

When working, the motor 40 drives the hydraulic pump 39 to rotate, sucks oil from the oil tank 10 through the filter 11, and outputs it to various devices, and the overflow valve 38 serves as a safety valve. When the vehicle lifting device 12 or the track steel wheel retracting device 26 is working, the motor 40 drives the hydraulic pump 39 to rotate at a lower speed; when the vehicle turning device 1 is working, the motor 40 drives the hydraulic pump 39 to rotate at a higher speed.

A mechanical structure of a road-rail dual-purpose hydraulic excavator travel conversion mechanism, including a front travel conversion mechanism installed on the front side below the excavator chassis 41 and a rear travel conversion mechanism on the rear side below the excavator chassis 41, the front travel conversion mechanism The structure is exactly the same as that of the rear walking conversion mechanism and is arranged symmetrically.

A folding support device is provided on the wheel shaft 43 of the inner side of the left side track steel wheel 42 of the front walking conversion mechanism; The connecting piece 48 is connected to the axle 43 on the inner side of the left rail steel wheel 42 after being matched, the top of the second connecting piece 48 is fixedly connected with the bottom of the connecting rod 49, and the top of the connecting rod 49 is hinged with the third connecting piece 54, The third connecting piece 54 is fixedly connected with the excavator chassis 41; it also includes a rail steel wheel retractable hydraulic cylinder 50 that is inclined, the cylinder barrel at the top is hinged with the excavator chassis 41, and the piston rod at the bottom is hinged to the connecting rod 49 sideways.

The wheel shaft 43 in the inner side of the right side track steel wheel 42 of the front walking conversion mechanism is provided with the same folding support device as the left side.

The rail steel wheel retracting hydraulic cylinder 50 refers to the fifth hydraulic cylinder 28 or the sixth hydraulic cylinder 29 or the seventh hydraulic cylinder 36 or the eighth hydraulic cylinder 37 .

The upper end of the whole vehicle lifting hydraulic cylinder 51 is connected with the excavator chassis 41, and the lower end is connected with the circular gear plate 52, and the circular gear plate 52 cooperates with the square chassis 53 below it, and the square chassis 53 is used as the support plate of the whole vehicle. A hydraulic motor 3 and a reducer 2 are installed on the square chassis 53 through a flange, and the inner ring gear of the reducer 2 meshes with the outer ring gear of the circular gear plate 52, thereby driving the excavator to rotate clockwise or counterclockwise. The vehicle lifting hydraulic cylinder 51 includes the first hydraulic cylinder 15, the second hydraulic cylinder 16, the third hydraulic cylinder 17 and the fourth hydraulic cylinder 18, the first hydraulic cylinder 15, the second hydraulic cylinder 16, the third hydraulic cylinder 17, and the fourth hydraulic cylinder 18 are evenly distributed on the circular gear plate 52 .

The working principle of the mechanical structure is: when the road-rail dual-purpose hydraulic excavator needs to switch from the road mode to the railway mode, the head of the excavator is lifted with the help of the bucket of the excavator itself, and after being adjusted to a suitable position, the vehicle lifting device 12 will move The square chassis 53 is put between the two rails, and the body posture is adjusted by the vehicle lifting device 12. After being adjusted to the level, the hydraulic pump 39 no longer supplies the first hydraulic cylinder 15, the second hydraulic cylinder 16, the The third hydraulic cylinder 17 and the fourth hydraulic cylinder 18 supply oil, and each hydraulic cylinder in the vehicle lifting device 12 is maintained by the first accumulator 19 and the second accumulator 20 . Then the vehicle slewing device 1 works, the hydraulic pump 39 supplies oil to the hydraulic motor 3 installed in the square chassis 53, the hydraulic motor 3 drives the circular gear plate 52 to rotate, and the circular gear plate 52 drives the vehicle lifting hydraulic cylinder 51 installed above And the whole vehicle turns.

The mechanical structure of track steel wheel retractable device 26 is made up of track steel wheel 42, axle 43, first bearing pin 44, second bearing pin 45, bolt 46, first connector 47, second connector 48, connecting rod 49 , the third connecting piece 54, the third bearing pin 55 and the rail steel wheel retractable hydraulic cylinder 50.

After the vehicle turning device 1 rotates the headstock to align with the track, the hydraulic pump 39 supplies power to the fifth hydraulic cylinder 28, the sixth hydraulic cylinder 29, the seventh hydraulic cylinder 36 and the eighth hydraulic cylinder 37 in the rail steel wheel retracting device 26. Oil, each hydraulic cylinder piston rod stretches out, drives connecting rod 49 to rotate around the hinge point that links to each other with excavator chassis 41, and axle 43 is put down, and rail steel wheel 42 is bonded with rail surface. Then, each hydraulic cylinder piston rod in the vehicle lifting device 12 is retracted, and the track steel wheel 42 is driven to make the road-rail dual-purpose hydraulic excavator move forward.

Claims (6)

1. A walking conversion mechanism for a road-rail dual-purpose hydraulic excavator, characterized in that: it includes a mechanical structure and a hydraulic system; Described mechanical structure comprises the front walking conversion mechanism that is installed in excavator chassis (41) lower front side and the back walking conversion mechanism that is installed in excavator chassis (41) lower rear side; Described front walking conversion mechanism includes a wheel axle ( 43), the left end and the right end of the axle (43) are respectively connected with a track steel wheel (42); A folding support device is provided on the wheel shaft (43) inside the track steel wheel (42) on the left side of the front walking conversion mechanism; the folding support device includes a first connecting piece (47) and a second connecting piece (48) , the first connecting piece (47) is connected to the wheel shaft (43) inside the left rail steel wheel (42) after being matched with the second connecting piece (48), and the top of the second connecting piece (48) is connected to the connecting rod ( 49) is fixedly connected at the bottom, the top of the connecting bar (49) is hinged with the third connecting piece (54), and the third connecting piece (54) is fixedly connected with the excavator chassis (41); Wheel retractable hydraulic cylinder (50), the cylinder barrel at its top is hinged with the excavator chassis (41), and the piston rod at its bottom is hinged to the side of the connecting rod (49); The wheel shaft (43) inside the track steel wheel (42) on the right side of the front walking conversion mechanism is provided with the same folding support device as the left side; The structures of the rear travel conversion mechanism and the front travel conversion mechanism are identical and arranged symmetrically; It also includes a vehicle lifting hydraulic cylinder (51), the upper end of which is fixedly connected to the excavator chassis (41), the lower end is connected to the circular gear plate (52), and the circular gear plate (52) cooperates with the square chassis (53) below it; the square A hydraulic motor (3) and a reducer (2) are installed on the chassis (53) through a flange, and the inner ring gear of the reducer (2) meshes with the outer ring gear of the circular gear plate (52), thereby driving the excavator The car turns clockwise or counterclockwise; Described hydraulic system comprises oil tank (10), hydraulic pump (39), whole vehicle slewing device (1), whole vehicle lifting device (12) and track steel wheel retractable device (26); Hydraulic pump (39) and motor ( 40) connection, the oil inlet of the filter (11) is connected to the fuel tank (10), the oil outlet of the filter (11) is connected to the oil inlet of the hydraulic pump (39), and the oil outlet of the hydraulic pump (39) Simultaneously connected to the oil inlet (6) of the vehicle slewing device (1), the vehicle lifting device (12), the rail steel wheel retracting device (2) and the third relief valve (38), the third relief valve The oil outlet of (38) is connected to oil tank (10). 2. A walking conversion mechanism for road-rail dual-purpose hydraulic excavators according to claim 1, characterized in that: the vehicle slewing device (1) includes a reducer (2), a hydraulic motor (3), a hydraulic control The locking device (4), the first one-way valve (5), the second one-way valve (6), the first relief valve (7), the second relief valve (8) and the first three-position four-way solenoid The reversing valve (9); the oil outlet of the hydraulic pump (39) is connected to the first oil port of the first three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve (9), and the first three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve (9) The third oil port is connected to the oil inlet of the first relief valve (7), the oil outlet of the first check valve (5) and the oil inlet of the hydraulic motor (3); the hydraulic motor (3) The oil outlet is simultaneously connected to the oil outlet of the second one-way valve (6), the oil inlet of the second overflow valve (8) and the fourth oil port of the first three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve (9) ; The hydraulic motor (3) is connected with the speed reducer (2) through the hydraulic control locking device (4); the oil inlet of the first one-way valve (5), the oil inlet of the second one-way valve (6), the first The oil outlet of a relief valve (7) and the oil outlet of the second relief valve (8) are connected together and connected to the oil inlet of the filter (11) at the same time, and the oil outlet of the filter (11) port to tank (10). 3. A travel conversion mechanism for road-rail dual-purpose hydraulic excavators according to claim 1, characterized in that: the vehicle lifting device (12) includes a first hydraulic cylinder group (13), a second hydraulic cylinder group (14) and two-position two-way electromagnetic reversing valve (25); the first hydraulic cylinder group (13) comprises the first hydraulic cylinder (15), the second hydraulic cylinder (16), the first accumulator (19), The second three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve (21) and the first throttle valve (23); the second hydraulic cylinder group (14) includes the third hydraulic cylinder (17), the fourth hydraulic cylinder (18), the second hydraulic cylinder The accumulator (20), the third three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve (22) and the second throttle valve (24); the oil outlet of the hydraulic pump (39) is connected to the second three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve at the same time. The first oil port of the directional valve (21) and the second oil port of the third three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve (22); the third oil port of the second three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve (21) is connected simultaneously To the first oil port of the first hydraulic cylinder (15), the first oil port of the second hydraulic cylinder (16), the oil inlet of the first accumulator (19) and the two-position two-way electromagnetic reversing valve (25 ), the second oil port of the first hydraulic cylinder (15) and the second oil port of the second hydraulic cylinder (16) are connected together and connected to the second three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve (21) The fourth oil port of the second three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve (21) is connected to the oil inlet of the first throttle valve (23); the third three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve The fourth oil port of (22) is simultaneously connected to the first oil port of the third hydraulic cylinder (17), the first oil port of the fourth hydraulic cylinder (18), the oil inlet of the second accumulator (20) and The oil outlet of the two-position two-way electromagnetic reversing valve (25), the second oil port of the third hydraulic cylinder (17) and the second oil port of the fourth hydraulic cylinder (18) are connected together and connected to the third three The third oil port of the four-position electromagnetic reversing valve (22), the first oil port of the third three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve (22) is connected to the oil inlet of the second throttle valve (24); The oil outlet of the second throttle valve (24) and the oil outlet of the first throttle valve (23) are connected together and connected to the oil inlet of the filter (11), and the oil outlet of the filter (11) is connected to the fuel tank (10). 4. A walking conversion mechanism for road-rail dual-purpose hydraulic excavators according to claim 2, characterized in that: the vehicle lifting hydraulic cylinder (51) includes a first hydraulic cylinder (15), a second hydraulic cylinder ( 16), the third hydraulic cylinder (17) and the fourth hydraulic cylinder (18). 5. A walking conversion mechanism for road-rail dual-purpose hydraulic excavators according to claim 1, characterized in that: the rail steel wheel retracting device (26) includes a third hydraulic cylinder group (27), a fourth hydraulic The cylinder group (35) and the third throttle valve (32); the third hydraulic cylinder group (27) includes the fifth hydraulic cylinder (28), the sixth hydraulic cylinder (29), the accumulator (30) and the fourth and third position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve (31), the fourth hydraulic cylinder group (35) includes the seventh hydraulic cylinder (36), the eighth hydraulic cylinder (37), the fourth accumulator (34) and the fifth three-position four through the electromagnetic reversing valve (33); the oil outlet of the hydraulic pump (39) is simultaneously connected to the first oil port of the fourth three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve (31) and the fifth three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve The third oil port of (33); the third oil port of the fourth three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve (31) is simultaneously connected to the first oil port of the fifth hydraulic cylinder (28) and the sixth hydraulic cylinder (29) The first oil port of the first oil port and the oil inlet port of the third accumulator (30), the second oil port of the fifth hydraulic cylinder (28) and the second oil port of the sixth hydraulic cylinder (29) are connected together and connected to The fourth oil port of the fourth three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve (31); the first oil port of the fifth three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve (33) is simultaneously connected to the first oil port of the seventh hydraulic cylinder (36). Oil port, the first oil port of the eighth hydraulic cylinder (37) and the oil inlet port of the fourth accumulator (34), the second oil port of the seventh hydraulic cylinder (36) and the oil inlet of the eighth hydraulic cylinder (37) The second oil ports are connected together and connected to the second oil port of the fifth three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve (33); the fourth oil port of the fifth three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve (33) and the fourth oil port The second oil port of the three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve (31) is connected together and connected to the oil inlet port of the third throttle valve (32), and the oil outlet port of the third throttle valve (32) is connected to the oil tank (10). 6. A walking conversion mechanism for road-rail dual-purpose hydraulic excavators according to claim 5, characterized in that: the rail steel wheel retractable hydraulic cylinder (50) refers to the fifth hydraulic cylinder (28) or the sixth hydraulic cylinder (28) Hydraulic cylinder (29) or the seventh hydraulic cylinder (36) or the eighth hydraulic cylinder (37).