CN107612437A - The startup method and High-power Synchronous Motor of a kind of High-power Synchronous Motor - Google Patents
The startup method and High-power Synchronous Motor of a kind of High-power Synchronous Motor Download PDFInfo
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- CN107612437A CN107612437A CN201710950601.2A CN201710950601A CN107612437A CN 107612437 A CN107612437 A CN 107612437A CN 201710950601 A CN201710950601 A CN 201710950601A CN 107612437 A CN107612437 A CN 107612437A
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Abstract
The present invention relates to motor control technology field, the startup method and High-power Synchronous Motor of specifically a kind of High-power Synchronous Motor.In order to solve the problems, such as High-power Synchronous Motor difficulty in starting, the startup method that this patent proposes is solved in traditional startup method, the problems such as step-out, excessively stream, excessive power network impact easily occurs.Technical scheme：First, electric excitation synchronous motor passes to exciting current to rotor；Given two amounts of DC injection braking, an amount is angle Theta, gives 0 degree, another amount is voltage magnitude M；Then, given frequency keeps electric excitation synchronous motor rotor to reach synchronizing frequency, and the control mode of electric current is closed-loop control；Finally, frequency accelerates, after electric excitation synchronous motor frequency accelerates 5HZ, into normal constant voltage constant frequency control or vector controlled.It is an advantage of the invention that more traditional Starting mode adds closed-loop current control, and eliminates asynchronous starting link, control electric current that can be more easily and effectively and whole start-up course.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to motor control technology field, the startup method of especially a kind of High-power Synchronous Motor and high-power
Synchronous motor.
Background technology
At present in frequency converter markets, most synchronous motors are started using asynchronous starting mode.The excitation of motor around
For group through current-limiting resistance short circuit, motor puts into power network under static state, and rotor Damper Winding produces stronger induced-current with determining
Sub- rotating excitation field interaction produces asynchronous electromagnetic torque, motor is started as induction conductivity and treats close to synchronous rotational speed
When put into excitation, unit enters synchronous regime.The shortcomings that so starting is that the starting current of dynamotor is larger, about specified
2~4 times of electric current.Power network is set also to be caused larger thermal stress by larger impact in starting moment.
The content of the invention
To achieve the above object of the invention, the present invention is using the basic conception of technical scheme：
A kind of startup method of High-power Synchronous Motor, comprises the following steps：
Step 1, electric excitation synchronous motor passes to exciting current to rotor；
Step 2, rotor-position positions, and is specially：
S11, rotor pass to the exciting current and kept for 2 seconds, and rotor electrical angle is 0；
S12, stator winding are passed through 60%~80% rated DC current, and given two amounts of DC injection braking, an amount is angle
Theta, 0 degree is given, another amount is voltage magnitude M；
Step 3, given frequency is kept for the stage, and electric excitation synchronous motor was with 1~2HZ low-frequency operations 5 seconds, it is ensured that electrical excitation is same
Step rotor reaches synchronizing frequency, and the control mode of electric current is closed-loop control；
Step 4, frequency boost phase, it is rated current to keep electric excitation synchronous motor actual current virtual value, and frequency is from 1
~2HZ performs the closed-loop current control of same step 3 to ramp up to 5HZ；
Step 5, frequency accelerates to complete, after electric excitation synchronous motor frequency accelerates 5HZ, into normal constant voltage constant frequency control
Or vector controlled.
Preferably, in the step 3, the closed-loop control is that rated current specified rate is perunit value 1, and feedback quantity is encouraged for electricity
Magnetic-synchro motor actual current virtual value and the ratio of electric excitation synchronous motor rated current, both differences pass through PI links, defeated
Go out the increment M_ACC for voltage magnitude；
Preferably, the increment M_ACC of the voltage magnitude is added with the voltage magnitude M of VF curves, obtains M_SUM, by institute
State M_SUM and Theta and be sent to SVPWM modules, generate Ma Anbo, Ma Anbo is sent to FPGA, adjusted in the FPGA
System, drive signal is produced, power cell is delivered to by optical fiber version, and then drive IGBT.
Preferably, in the S12, the DC injection braking implementation process is when actual current is more than given rated exciting current
When, the voltage magnitude M reduces；When actual current is less than given rated exciting current, the voltage magnitude M increases.
Preferably, in the step 1, the exciting current is 40% rated exciting current.
A kind of High-power Synchronous Motor, it is characterised in that including：Synchronous motor, rotor, SVPWM modules, FPGA module and
Cascade type DC-to-AC converter；The synchronous motor passes to suitable exciting current to the rotor；The rotor given voltage amplitude and
The information of rotor phase angle, the voltage magnitude and the rotor phase angle is sent to the SVPWM modules；The SVPWM modules are calculated
Go out fiducial value and be sent to the FPGA module；The FPGA module produces drive signal, and the drive signal is sent to the level
Connection formula inverter, the cascade type DC-to-AC converter driving power unit, the power cell start the synchronous motor.
Preferably, the exciting current is rated exciting current.
Preferably, the synchronous motor is electric excitation synchronous motor.
Preferably, the exciting current is 40% rated exciting current.
After adopting the above technical scheme, the present invention has the advantages that compared with prior art：
The purpose of the patent be in order to realize the startup of High-power Synchronous Motor, prevent step-out and electric current it is excessive phenomenon production
It is raw, reduce the impact to power network.
The advantages of startup method is that more traditional Starting mode adds closed-loop current control, and eliminates asynchronous starting
Link, control electric current that can be more easily and effectively and whole start-up course.
Brief description of the drawings
A kind of flow chart for High-power Synchronous Motor that Fig. 1 is provided by the embodiment of the present invention one.
A kind of flow chart for High-power Synchronous Motor that Fig. 2 is provided by the embodiment of the present invention two.
Fig. 3 is current closed-loop theory diagram in the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the improved VF control principle block diagrams with closed loop in the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the fundamental diagram of electric excitation synchronous motor in the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of the present invention.
Embodiment
The embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
The rotor of electric excitation synchronous motor makes salient pole formula, is mutually to go here and there installed in pole core magnetic field above coil
Connection, it is connected into the polarity that is alternately opposite, and have above two slip rings that two leads are connected on axle.When in stator
During the logical upper three-phase alternating-current supply of winding, a rotating excitation field is just generated in motor, mouse cage winding cutting magnetic line and produce
Induced-current, so that motor rotates.After motor rotation, its speed is slowly increased to slightly less than rotating excitation field
Rotating speed, now rotor field coil encouraged via direct current, make to form certain magnetic pole above rotor, these magnetic poles are just attempted
The rotary pole on stator is tracked, is so increased by the speed of motor rotor untill with rotating excitation field synchronous rotary.
Exciting current (Exciting Current) is exactly the electric current flowed through in synchronous electric motor rotor, this electric current, makes to turn
Sub equivalent to one electromagnet, there is N poles and S poles, and in normal operation, this electric current is the direct current being added in by outside on rotor
Caused by pressure.When generator unit operation, field regulator adjusts generator by adjusting the exciting current of generator
Terminal voltage, when there is more parallel running of generators in power system, field regulator is rationally divided by adjusting exciting current
With the reactive power between parallel running generating set, so as to improve the static state of power system and dynamic stability.
DC injection braking, refer generally to when frequency converter output frequency is close to zero, when motor speed is reduced to certain numerical value, frequency conversion
Direct current is passed through in device changed course asynchronous motor stator winding, forms stationary magnetic field, now motor is in dynamic braking state, turns
Move rotor to cut the stationary magnetic field and produce braking moment, motor is stopped rapidly.
Closed-loop control is to export feedback according to control object come the control mode that is corrected, it be measure it is actual with
When deviation occurs for plan, corrected by quota or standard.
The embodiment of the present invention one provides a kind of startup method of High-power Synchronous Motor, as shown in figure 1, including following step
Suddenly:
Step 1, exciting current gives, and electric excitation synchronous motor passes to exciting current to rotor.
Step 2, DC injection braking, DC injection braking need given two amounts, and an amount is angle Theta, gives 0 degree；In addition
One amount is voltage magnitude M.It is advisable with 80% rated current.It is implemented as when electric current is more than 80% rated current, M values subtract
It is small；When electric current increases less than 80%, M values.
Step 3, given frequency is kept for the stage, and electric excitation synchronous motor was with 1~2HZ low-frequency operations 5 seconds or so, it is ensured that electricity is encouraged
Magnetic-synchro rotor reaches synchronizing frequency.Period given value of current value be electric excitation synchronous motor rated current, the control of electric current
Mode processed is closed-loop control, and rated current specified rate is perunit value 1, and feedback quantity is electric excitation synchronous motor actual current virtual value
With the ratio of electric excitation synchronous motor rated current, both differences pass through PI links, export the increment M_ACC for voltage magnitude.
Wherein, Fig. 3 is current closed-loop theory diagram.Wherein, I_Ref (1) is perunit value, and base value is electric excitation synchronous motor
Rated current I_Motor；Feedback quantity is synchronous with electric electrical excitation electric for the virtual value I_RMS_Real of electric excitation synchronous motor electric current
Machine rated current I_Motor；Both differences pass through PI links, and PI output is the increment M_ACC of voltage magnitude；
Wherein, the improved VF control principle block diagrams with closed loop of Fig. 4.Voltage magnitude M_SUM after PI is adjusted, wherein
M_ACC is the increment of the PI output valves, i.e. voltage magnitude in Fig. 1；Theta is angle, and its value is the integration of angular rate, is passed through
Voltage magnitude M_SUM and angle Theta after PI adjustment are sent to SVPWM (space vector pulse width modulation) module, generate Ma An
Ripple, Ma Anbo are sent to FPGA (field programmable gate array), are modulated in FPGA (field programmable gate array), produce
Drive signal, power cell is delivered to by optical fiber version, and then drive IGBT (insulated gate bipolar transistor).
Step 4, frequency boost phase, it is rated current to keep electric excitation synchronous motor actual current virtual value, and frequency is from 1
~2HZ is to ramp up to 5HZ, and the control mode of electric current is the same as step 3.
Step 5, frequency accelerates to complete, and electric excitation synchronous motor frequency is accelerated to after 5HZ, into normal constant voltage and frequency ratio control
System or vector controlled.
Below rated frequency, frequency is only reduced if voltage is certain, then air-gap flux will be excessive, cause magnetic circuit
Saturation, motor is burnt when serious.Therefore in order to keep air-gap flux constant, it is desirable to reduced while frequency of supply is reduced
Output voltage, u/f=constants are kept, that is, keep voltage to be controlled with frequency ratio for constant.This control mode is constant pressure
Frequency ratio control mode, also known as permanent flux regulator mode.Below rated frequency, torque is also constant during magnetic flux constant, therefore, belongs to
Speed regulation by constant torque.
Vector controlled is that the stator current vector of asynchronous motor is decomposed into current component (the excitation electricity for producing magnetic field
Stream) and the current component (torque current) of generation torque be controlled by respectively, and control the amplitude and phase between two components simultaneously,
Stator current vector is controlled, so claiming this control mode to be referred to as vector control mode.
The embodiment of the present invention two provides a kind of startup method of High-power Synchronous Motor, as shown in Fig. 2 including following step
Suddenly:
Step 1, exciting current gives,
If electric excitation synchronous motor needs to pass to suitable exciting current to rotor.Given in whole startup stage
40% rated exciting current.If startup stage band relatively large load has the generation of step-out phenomenon, exciting current can be increased.
Step 2, rotor-position positions,
Rotor passes to exciting current and kept for 2 seconds, it is therefore an objective to ensures that rotor is attracted to the position that electrical angle is 0.DC system
Dynamic to need given two amounts, one is angle Theta, and its value is 0 at this stage, i.e., in three-phase natural system of coordinates with a axle weights
Close, it is 0 to determine rotor electrical angle；Another amount is voltage magnitude M.It is advisable with 60%~80% rated current.Specific implementation
For when actual current is more than given exciting current, voltage magnitude M reduces；When actual current is less than given exciting current, electricity
Pressure amplitude value M increases；
Step 3, given frequency is kept for the stage,
After step 2 is completed, electric excitation synchronous motor determines that electrical excitation is same with 1~2HZ low-frequency operation 5 seconds or so
Step rotor reaches synchronizing frequency.Period electric excitation synchronous motor is run with rated current.Electric excitation synchronous motor electric current
Control mode is closed-loop control, and (theory diagram is shown in Fig. 3) specified rate is perunit value 1, and feedback quantity is that electric excitation synchronous motor is actual
The difference of current effective value I_RMS_Real and electric excitation synchronous motor rated current I_Motor ratio, specified rate and feedback quantity
By PI links, PI outputs are the increment M_ACC of voltage magnitude.The increment M_ACC of the voltage magnitude and voltage magnitude M of VF curves
It is added, obtains M_SUM, M_SUM and phase angle Theta is sent to SVPWM modules, generate saddle ripple, saddle ripple is sent to FPGA,
It is modulated in FPGA, produces drive signal, power cell is delivered to by optical fiber version, and then drive IGBT.To realize constant pressure
The closed-loop current control of frequency ratio (theory diagram is shown in Fig. 4).Electric excitation synchronous motor be actually to increase magnetic state operation, therefore can be with
Ensure its stability, as electric excitation synchronous motor occur step-out, or with heavy load start can increase exciting current.
Step 4, frequency boost phase,
As the theory diagram shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, it is rated current to keep electric excitation synchronous motor actual current virtual value,
Frequency gradually increases to 5HZ from 1~2HZ, and the control mode of electric current is the same as step 3；Electric excitation synchronous motor is actually to increase magnetic
State is run, therefore can ensure its stability, as step-out occurs for electric excitation synchronous motor, or is started to increase with heavy load and is encouraged
Magnetoelectricity stream.
Step 5, frequency accelerates to complete,
The frequency of electric excitation synchronous motor is accelerated to after 5HZ~10HZ, into normal constant voltage constant frequency control or vector
Control.
As shown in fig. 6, present invention also offers additionally provide a kind of High-power Synchronous Motor, it is characterised in that including：Together
Walk motor, rotor, SVPWM modules, FPGA module and cascade type DC-to-AC converter；The synchronous motor passes to suitably to the rotor
Exciting current；The information of the rotor given voltage amplitude and rotor phase angle, the voltage magnitude and the rotor phase angle is sent
To the SVPWM modules；The SVPWM modules calculate fiducial value and are sent to the FPGA module；The FPGA module produces drive
Dynamic signal, the drive signal are sent to the cascade type DC-to-AC converter, the cascade type DC-to-AC converter driving power unit, the work(
Rate unit is started to the synchronous motor with exciting current.
Rotor passes to exciting current and kept for 2 seconds, it is therefore an objective to ensures that rotor is attracted to the position that electrical angle is 0.DC system
Dynamic to need given two amounts, one is angle Theta, and its value is 0 at this stage, i.e., in three-phase natural system of coordinates with a axle weights
Close, it is 0 to determine rotor electrical angle；Another amount is voltage magnitude M.It is advisable with 60%~80% rated current.Specific implementation
For when actual current is more than given exciting current, voltage magnitude M reduces；When actual current is less than given exciting current, electricity
Pressure amplitude value M increases.
Electric excitation synchronous motor determines that electric excitation synchronous motor rotor reaches same with 1~2HZ low-frequency operation 5 seconds or so
Synchronizing frequency.Period electric excitation synchronous motor is run with rated current.The control mode of the electric current of the synchronous motor is closed loop control
System, (theory diagram is shown in Fig. 3) specified rate is perunit value 1, and feedback quantity is electric excitation synchronous motor actual current virtual value I_RMS_
The difference of Real and electric excitation synchronous motor rated current I_Motor ratio, specified rate and feedback quantity passes through PI links, PI outputs
For the increment M_ACC of voltage magnitude.The increment M_ACC of voltage magnitude is added with the voltage magnitude M of VF curves, obtains M_SUM, will
M_SUM and phase angle Theta is sent to SVPWM modules, generates saddle ripple, and saddle ripple is sent to FPGA, is modulated in FPGA,
Drive signal is produced, power cell is delivered to by optical fiber version, and then drive IGBT.To realize the closed-loop current control of constant voltage and frequency ratio
(theory diagram is shown in Fig. 4).Electric excitation synchronous motor is actually to be run with increasing magnetic state, therefore can ensure its stability, such as electricity
Step-out occurs for excitation magnetic synchronization motor, or can increase exciting current with heavy load startup.
As the theory diagram shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, it is rated current to keep electric excitation synchronous motor actual current virtual value,
Frequency gradually increases to 5HZ, the same above-mentioned steps of control mode of electric current from 1~2HZ；Electric excitation synchronous motor is actually to increase
Magnetic state is run, therefore can ensure its stability, as step-out occurs for electric excitation synchronous motor, or is started and can be increased with heavy load
Exciting current.
The frequency of electric excitation synchronous motor is accelerated to after 5HZ~10HZ, into normal constant voltage constant frequency control or vector
Control.
Further, the exciting current is rated exciting current.
Further, the synchronous motor is electric excitation synchronous motor.
Further, the exciting current is 40% rated exciting current.
If electric excitation synchronous motor needs to pass to suitable exciting current to rotor.Given in whole startup stage
40% rated exciting current.If startup stage band relatively large load has the generation of step-out phenomenon, exciting current can be increased.
The operation principle of the present invention is as follows：
As shown in figure 5, the perunit value I_Ref (1) of a current effective value, the perunit value of motor actual current are given first
For I_RMS_Real/I_Motor as value of feedback, base value is the rated current I_Motor of motor.The difference of specified rate and feedback quantity
By PI links, PI outputs are the increment M_ACC of voltage magnitude.The voltage magnitude M that VF curves are calculated is as electric voltage feed forward
It is added with the voltage magnitude increment M_ACC that PI modules are calculated, obtains voltage magnitude M_SUM after being adjusted through PI；By frequency conversion
Acceleration time set by device calculates angle information Theta；Voltage magnitude M_SUM and angle information after being adjusted through PI
Theta is sent to SVPWM modules, and SVPWM modules calculate fiducial value Taon, Tbon, Tcon and give FPGA.Carried out in FPGA
Phase-shifting carrier wave, dead band such as produce at the drive signal that processing produces power cell, and then driving power unit, to synchronous motor with
Rated current is started.When motor reaches switching frequency (low frequency region, 5HZ near), can carry out constant voltage constant frequency control or
Person's vector controlled, the so patent formula just complete the startup control of High-power Synchronous Motor.
After adopting the above technical scheme, the present invention has the advantages that compared with prior art：
The purpose of the patent be in order to realize the startup of High-power Synchronous Motor, prevent step-out and electric current it is excessive phenomenon production
It is raw, reduce the impact to power network.
It is an advantage of the invention that more traditional Starting mode adds closed-loop current control, and eliminate asynchronous starting ring
Section, control electric current that can be more easily and effectively and whole start-up course.
Embodiment in above-described embodiment can be further combined or replace, and embodiment is only to the present invention's
Preferred embodiment is described, and not the spirit and scope of the present invention are defined, and is not departing from design philosophy of the present invention
Under the premise of, various changes and modifications that professional and technical personnel in the art make to technical scheme belong to this hair
Bright protection domain.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of startup method of High-power Synchronous Motor, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
Step 1, electric excitation synchronous motor passes to exciting current to rotor；
Step 2, rotor-position positions, and is specially：
S11, rotor pass to the exciting current and kept for 2 seconds, and rotor electrical angle is 0；
S12, stator winding are passed through 60%~80% rated DC current, and given two amounts of DC injection braking, an amount is angle
Theta, 0 degree is given, another amount is voltage magnitude M；
Step 3, given frequency is kept for the stage, and electric excitation synchronous motor was with 1~2HZ low-frequency operations 5 seconds, it is ensured that the synchronous electricity of electrical excitation
Machine rotor reaches synchronizing frequency, and the control mode of electric current is closed-loop control；
Step 4, frequency boost phase, it is rated current to keep electric excitation synchronous motor actual current virtual value, frequency from 1~
2HZ performs the closed-loop current control of same step 3 to ramp up to 5HZ；
Step 5, frequency accelerates to complete, after electric excitation synchronous motor frequency accelerates 5HZ, into normal constant voltage constant frequency control or
Vector controlled.
2. the method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that in the step 3, the closed-loop control gives for rated current
It is electric excitation synchronous motor actual current virtual value and the ratio of electric excitation synchronous motor rated current to measure as perunit value 1, feedback quantity
Value, both differences pass through PI links, export the increment M_ACC for voltage magnitude.
3. method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that the increment M_ACC of the voltage magnitude and the voltage of VF curves
Amplitude M is added, and obtains M_SUM, and the M_SUM and Theta are sent into SVPWM modules, generate Ma Anbo, Ma Anbo is sent to
FPGA, it is modulated in the FPGA, produces drive signal, power cell is delivered to by optical fiber version, and then drive IGBT.
4. the method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that in the S12, the DC injection braking implementation process is when actual
When electric current is more than given rated exciting current, the voltage magnitude M reduces；When actual current is less than given rated exciting current
When, the voltage magnitude M increases.
5. the method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that in the step 1, the exciting current is 40% specified to encourage
Magnetoelectricity stream.
A kind of 6. High-power Synchronous Motor, it is characterised in that including：Synchronous motor, rotor, SVPWM modules, FPGA module and level
Connection formula inverter；The synchronous motor passes to suitable exciting current to the rotor；The rotor given voltage amplitude and turn
The information of sub- phase angle, the voltage magnitude and the rotor phase angle is sent to the SVPWM modules；The SVPWM modules calculate
Fiducial value is sent to the FPGA module；The FPGA module produces drive signal, and the drive signal is sent to the cascade
Formula inverter, the cascade type DC-to-AC converter driving power unit, the power cell start the synchronous motor.
7. a kind of High-power Synchronous Motor as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that the exciting current is rated excitation electricity
Stream.
8. a kind of High-power Synchronous Motor as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that the synchronous motor is that electrical excitation is synchronous
Motor.
9. a kind of High-power Synchronous Motor as described in claim 6-7 is any, it is characterised in that the exciting current is 40%
Rated exciting current.
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| CN117559845A (en) * | 2024-01-09 | 2024-02-13 | 广州市百福电气设备有限公司 | Starting control method and system for water pump motor |
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